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Papers by Michael Shin
Belgeo, 2001
Marche constitute what is frequently referred to as la zona rossa, or 'the red zone'. This naming... more Marche constitute what is frequently referred to as la zona rossa, or 'the red zone'. This naming of the north-central area of the Italian peninsula stems from the historically high levels of support that the Italian Communist Party (PCI) enjoyed for much of the post-World War two period. Notwithstanding the dissolution of the PCI, and the subsequent reconfigurations of the Italian left that took place throughout the 1990s, voters within la zona rossa still exhibit leftist tendencies. This article examines the socio-historical roots of la zona rossa and presents the contemporary electoral geography of this area. Keywords: la zona rossa, Italian Communist Party (PCI), Democratic Party of the Left (PDS), Refounded Communists (RC). Footnote This research was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF-SBR 9627917). I wish to thank Mr. Chris Hanson of the Department of Geography and Regional Studies at the University of Miami for his cartographic services.
Map Visualization
Encyclopedia of Geography, 2010
A heavy unstable fourth family neutrino and the tau-lifetime discrepancy
Phys Lett B, 1988
The existence of the fourth family heavy unstable neutrino ν 4 with mν4 > mτ and the dominant mix... more The existence of the fourth family heavy unstable neutrino ν 4 with mν4 > mτ and the dominant mixing angle ∥ Uτ4 ∥ 2=0.042-0.10 is postulated from the present data on the lifetime and the leptonic branching ratios of the τ -. The fast decay of a heavy ν 4 makes it undetectable in present experiments, while the future detection at Z 0 factories is shown to be very promising, provided mν4 ⩽46 GeV. The contributions of this massive ν 4 and other fourth family fermions to the total decay widths of Z 0 and W ± are considered. If the 90% CL of the present UA2's data on λ z/λ w is valid, either the t-quark or ν 4 or both should be seen ( mt⩽76 GeV or mν4 ⩽46 GeV in the near future. Neutrino counting via e +e - →γν overlineν is predicted to yield Nν=3. The mass of the fourth family charged lepton is predicted to be mL⩽43 GeV if the prototype relation between the mixing angle and the mass eigenvalues is valid. The present UA1's bound on mL, mL⩾41 GeV, is shown to be invalid, while the correct lower bound is the 25 GeV of TRISTAN, implying the likely possibility of detecting the fourth charged lepton L ± in the present and forthcoming e+e- colliders. These predictions can be tested in the near future at the Z 0 factories at SLC and LEP.
The Saga of the ‘Second industrial divide’ and the history of the ‘third Italy’: Evidence from export data
The Scottish Geographical Magazine, Feb 27, 2008
ABSTRACT The idea of the Third Italy has achieved an iconic status in geography. It has come to r... more ABSTRACT The idea of the Third Italy has achieved an iconic status in geography. It has come to represent one of the main geographical manifestations of the so‐called second industrial divide between Fordist mass production and flexible specialisation. Yet the idea has received limited critical attention since acquiring its elevated status. It deserves to do so, because it involves confusing a localised model of economic development with the economic character of a larger geographic region. Examining province level export data for the years 1985, 1991, 1995 and 1999 for both total exports and two key sectors using exploratory spatial data analysis, provincial rankings and LISAs (local indicators of spatial association) suggests that the export‐based homogeneity and dynamism of the Third Italy can be exaggerated. Italy's urban hierarchy, particularly the centrality of Milan, continues to play a significant role in the Italian economy. Common use of the term ‘Third Italy’ confuses an economic process with a specific geographical configuration.
Phys Lett B, 1989
We propose that the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing reported by ARGUS and CLEO is due to the tree-level ... more We propose that the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing reported by ARGUS and CLEO is due to the tree-level flavor changing neutral coupling of the standard model Higgs scalar, H0, or the Z0, induced by new physics with a mass scale beyond the standard model. The strengths of the flavor changing couplings of H0 and Z0 are shon to be increasing with the masses of the fermion flavors involved. If the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing is due to the flavor changing coupling of H0, the key predictions are D D0-D¯0 mixing of O (10%) of the present experimental upper limit and BR(μ-å e-γ) ≅ (1.1 +/- 0.6) × 10-12, and the mass of the Higgsscalar MH≅(200-300) GeV. In case the observed Bd0 - B¯d0 mixing is due to the flavor changing coupling of Z0, the rare decay mode μ-åe-e+e- is predicted to be observable at any time in the near future with the branching ratio in the neighborhood of the present experimental upper limit, while other predictions include: D0-D¯0 mixing of O(1-10)% of the present upper limit, BR(Bs0å μ+μ-X) ≅ (8.5 +/- 4.2) × 10-5, BR(τt-å μ-μ+μ-) ≅ (8.8 +/-4.8) × and the branching ratios for the flavor changing decay modes of Z0, BR(Z0åbs¯ + ss¯) × 107 ≅ (14 +/-7), BR (Z0å tc¯ + ct¯) × 107 +/- (1500 +/- 700)(mt/60 GeV), BR(Z0å b'b¯ +bb¯') × 107 ≅ (4800 +/- 2300)(mb/50 GeV), BR (Z0å μ-τ+ + μ+τ-) × 3.6 +/- 1.8, and BR (Z0å τ' τ¯ + τ¯'τ) × 107 ≅ (1300 +/- 600) (mτ/40 GeV). These flavor changing branching ratios of Z0 can be tested at LEP with 107 Z0's. From the observed strength of Bd0-B¯d0 mixing the scale of new physics can be inferred to be M ≅ 250 GeV.
We describe the design and implementation of a software architecture that allows for the wide-sca... more We describe the design and implementation of a software architecture that allows for the wide-scale deployment of an authenticated dictionary. Our system, which we call the Secure Transaction Management System (STMS ), can be configured to use any authenticated dictionary data structure complying with our interfaces. We present applications of STMS to certificate revocation, document integrity, digital rights management and SSH authentication. We also report on the runtime performance of STMS in various deployment scenarios.
Throughout the world there exists a notable relationship between income inequality and health. Po... more Throughout the world there exists a notable relationship between income inequality and health. Political factors and circumstances, which arguably affect the distribution of income, may also be related to population health. This paper explores the geographic dimensions of these relationships in an attempt to determine whether or not levels of democracy complement, influence or confound the association between income inequality
Toward a Quantitative Theory of Electrically Forced Jets
We describe our ongoing research aimed at developing quantitative comparisons between theory and ... more We describe our ongoing research aimed at developing quantitative comparisons between theory and experiment for electrically forced jets. This problem has technological importance in two different physical limits: for high viscosity fluids, it corresponds to electrospinning-i.e. the production of very thin fibers, and for low viscosity fluids it corresponds to electrosprays--the production of a spray of fine drops. An analysis of the shape and stability of electrically forced jets is presented, based on a simple model systematically derived from the full equations in the limit that the jet has small aspect ratio. The model includes all relevant effects (viscosity, surface tension, inertia, gravity, surface charge advection, bulk conductivity, electric tangential stress, etc.), and its simplicity enables elucidation of the underlying physics. We present quantitative comparisons between theory and experiment for the shape and stability of the jets, and the implications for the mechani...
Connector-based self-healing mechanism for components of a reliable system
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, 2005
Page 1. Connector-Based Self-Healing Mechanism for Components of a Reliable System Michael E. Shi... more Page 1. Connector-Based Self-Healing Mechanism for Components of a Reliable System Michael E. Shin Department of Computer Science Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 (806) 742-3527 Michael.Shin@ttu.edu ...
2004 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages - Human Centric Computing, 2004
The open nature of the Web makes it possible to create spoofed Web pages which, to the casual obs... more The open nature of the Web makes it possible to create spoofed Web pages which, to the casual observer, are indistinguishable from authentic pages. The defense against Web spoofing attacks is a challenging problem since most users are unwilling (or unable) to follow complex interactive authentication procedures (e.g., inspect a Web server certificate). In this paper, we present a visual scheme that protects users against Web spoofing attacks while requiring minimal interaction.
Design of Wrapper for Self-Management of Cots Components
International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, 2009
Self-Management of COTS Component-Based Systems Using Wrappers
30th Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC'06), 2006
... Fernando Paniagua Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Texas Tech Un... more ... Fernando Paniagua Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Texas Tech University Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 806-742-3527 806-742-3527 Michael.Shin@ttu.edu fernando.paniagua@ttu.edu Abstract ...
Show Me the Money! The Geography of Contributions to California's Proposition 8
California Journal of Politics and Policy, 2009
Food Security, 2010
Food prices are an important component of the food security equation. Stable prices promote food ... more Food prices are an important component of the food security equation. Stable prices promote food security, whereas price instability and volatility can contribute to and exacerbate food crises. Understanding market integration, or the co-movement of prices between different markets, can therefore provide important insights into food security and threats to it. The value of a geographic perspective is illustrated through an examination of market integration with spatial analysis. Results from an analysis of the 2004/5 food crisis in Niger indicate that market integration in Niger tends to be local and deteriorates rapidly during shocks or periods of crisis.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2003
We describe several schemes for efficiently populating an authenticated dictionary with fresh cre... more We describe several schemes for efficiently populating an authenticated dictionary with fresh credentials. The thrust of this effort is directed at allowing for many data authors, called sources, to collectively publish information to a common repository, which is then distributed throughout a network to allow for authenticated queries on this information. Authors are assured of their contributions being added to the repository based on cryptographic receipts that the repository returns after performing the updates sent by an author. While our motivation here is the dissemination of credential status data from multiple credential issuers, applications of this technology also include time stamping of documents, document version integrity control, and multiple-CA certificate revocation management, to name just a few.
Initial assessment of a tissue engineered stomach derived from syngeneic donors in a rat model
ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of creating a tissue engineered stomach ... more The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of creating a tissue engineered stomach using isolated stomach epithelium organoid unit from syngeneic adult donors and a biodegradable polymer scaffold in a rat model. Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by various complications. As an alternative treatment, a tissue engineered stomach that replaces the mechanical and metabolic functions of a normal stomach is proposed. Stomach epithelium organoid units were isolated from syngeneic adult rats and seeded onto biodegradable polymers. These constructs were implanted into the omenta of recipient adult rats. All constructs were harvested for histologic and immunohistochemical examination at designated time points. Cyst-like structures were formed that showed the development of vascularized tissue with a neomucosa. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-actin smooth muscle, gastric mucin, and proton pump indicated the presenc...
A Tissue-Engineered Stomach as a Replacement of the Native Stomach
Transplantation, 2003
Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by v... more Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by various complications. As an alternative treatment, we propose a tissue-engineered stomach that replaces the mechanical and metabolic functions of a normal stomach. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the function of a tissue-engineered stomach as a replacement of the native stomach. Tissue-engineered stomachs were formed in recipient rats from stomach epithelium organoid units isolated from neonatal donor rats. After 12 weeks, the animals underwent a second operation for replacement of the native stomachs. Tissue-engineered stomachs were successfully used as a substitute of the native stomach in a rat model. An upper gastrointestinal tract study revealed no evidence of bowel stenosis or obstruction at both anastomosis sites. Histologically, the tissue-engineered stomachs had well-developed vascularized tissue with a neomucosa continuously lining the lumen and stratified smooth muscle layers. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-actin smooth muscle showed that the smooth muscle layers were arranged in a regular fashion. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface topography of the tissue-engineered stomachs resembled that of native stomachs. It has been demonstrated that a tissue-engineered stomach can replace a native stomach in a rat model. Replacement of the native stomach by a tissue-engineered stomach had beneficial effects on the formation of neomucosa and smooth muscle layers in the tissue-engineered stomach.
In Vivo Bone Tissue Engineering Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells on a Novel Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffold
Tissue Engineering, 2004
The objective of this study was to assess bone formation from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on a ... more The objective of this study was to assess bone formation from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on a novel nanofibrous scaffold in a rat model. A highly porous, degradable poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold with an extracellular matrix-like topography was produced by electrostatic fiber spinning. MSCs derived from the bone marrow of neonatal rats were cultured, expanded, and seeded on the scaffolds. The cell-polymer constructs were cultured with osteogenic supplements in a rotating bioreactor for 4 weeks, and subsequently implanted in the omenta of rats for 4 weeks. The constructs were explanted and characterized by histology, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy. The constructs maintained the size and shape of the original scaffolds. Morphologically, the constructs were rigid and had a bone-like appearance. Cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation were observed throughout the constructs. In addition, mineralization and type I collagen were also detected. This study establishes the ability to develop bone grafts on electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds in a well-vascularized site using MSCs.
Osteoclastogenesis on Tissue-Engineered Bone
Tissue Engineering, 2004
Bone remodeling plays an important role in bone function. To date, bone tissue-engineering resear... more Bone remodeling plays an important role in bone function. To date, bone tissue-engineering research has focused primarily on bone formation from osteoblasts. This study demonstrates that osteoclastogenesis can occur on a mineralized polymer scaffold. Porcine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) and hematopoietic cells were isolated from the bone marrow of Yucatan minipigs (n = 3) and cultured separately. pMSCs were differentiated into osteoblasts, seeded on porous poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) foams, and cultured in a rotating oxygen-permeable bioreactor system. Once the cell-polymer constructs had started to mineralize, the hematopoietic cells were added and cocultured to include osteoclastogenesis. The cultured constructs were evaluated by histochemical and microscopic examination. Our results show that osteoblasts and osteoclasts were successfully differentiated from bone marrow on the scaffolds. This is the first demonstration of osteoclast formation on mineralized polymer surfaces.
The Saga of the ‘Second industrial divide’ and the history of the ‘third Italy’: Evidence from export data
Scottish Geographical Journal, 2005
... JOHN AGNEW, MICHAEL SHIN & PAUL RICHARDSON Department of Geography, University of Califor... more ... JOHN AGNEW, MICHAEL SHIN & PAUL RICHARDSON Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1524, USA ... Scot.Geog. J. 121(1), 83-101 Page 2. 84 JOHN AGNEW, MICHAEL SHIN & PAUL RICHARDSON ...
Belgeo, 2001
Marche constitute what is frequently referred to as la zona rossa, or 'the red zone'. This naming... more Marche constitute what is frequently referred to as la zona rossa, or 'the red zone'. This naming of the north-central area of the Italian peninsula stems from the historically high levels of support that the Italian Communist Party (PCI) enjoyed for much of the post-World War two period. Notwithstanding the dissolution of the PCI, and the subsequent reconfigurations of the Italian left that took place throughout the 1990s, voters within la zona rossa still exhibit leftist tendencies. This article examines the socio-historical roots of la zona rossa and presents the contemporary electoral geography of this area. Keywords: la zona rossa, Italian Communist Party (PCI), Democratic Party of the Left (PDS), Refounded Communists (RC). Footnote This research was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF-SBR 9627917). I wish to thank Mr. Chris Hanson of the Department of Geography and Regional Studies at the University of Miami for his cartographic services.
Map Visualization
Encyclopedia of Geography, 2010
A heavy unstable fourth family neutrino and the tau-lifetime discrepancy
Phys Lett B, 1988
The existence of the fourth family heavy unstable neutrino ν 4 with mν4 > mτ and the dominant mix... more The existence of the fourth family heavy unstable neutrino ν 4 with mν4 > mτ and the dominant mixing angle ∥ Uτ4 ∥ 2=0.042-0.10 is postulated from the present data on the lifetime and the leptonic branching ratios of the τ -. The fast decay of a heavy ν 4 makes it undetectable in present experiments, while the future detection at Z 0 factories is shown to be very promising, provided mν4 ⩽46 GeV. The contributions of this massive ν 4 and other fourth family fermions to the total decay widths of Z 0 and W ± are considered. If the 90% CL of the present UA2's data on λ z/λ w is valid, either the t-quark or ν 4 or both should be seen ( mt⩽76 GeV or mν4 ⩽46 GeV in the near future. Neutrino counting via e +e - →γν overlineν is predicted to yield Nν=3. The mass of the fourth family charged lepton is predicted to be mL⩽43 GeV if the prototype relation between the mixing angle and the mass eigenvalues is valid. The present UA1's bound on mL, mL⩾41 GeV, is shown to be invalid, while the correct lower bound is the 25 GeV of TRISTAN, implying the likely possibility of detecting the fourth charged lepton L ± in the present and forthcoming e+e- colliders. These predictions can be tested in the near future at the Z 0 factories at SLC and LEP.
The Saga of the ‘Second industrial divide’ and the history of the ‘third Italy’: Evidence from export data
The Scottish Geographical Magazine, Feb 27, 2008
ABSTRACT The idea of the Third Italy has achieved an iconic status in geography. It has come to r... more ABSTRACT The idea of the Third Italy has achieved an iconic status in geography. It has come to represent one of the main geographical manifestations of the so‐called second industrial divide between Fordist mass production and flexible specialisation. Yet the idea has received limited critical attention since acquiring its elevated status. It deserves to do so, because it involves confusing a localised model of economic development with the economic character of a larger geographic region. Examining province level export data for the years 1985, 1991, 1995 and 1999 for both total exports and two key sectors using exploratory spatial data analysis, provincial rankings and LISAs (local indicators of spatial association) suggests that the export‐based homogeneity and dynamism of the Third Italy can be exaggerated. Italy's urban hierarchy, particularly the centrality of Milan, continues to play a significant role in the Italian economy. Common use of the term ‘Third Italy’ confuses an economic process with a specific geographical configuration.
Phys Lett B, 1989
We propose that the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing reported by ARGUS and CLEO is due to the tree-level ... more We propose that the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing reported by ARGUS and CLEO is due to the tree-level flavor changing neutral coupling of the standard model Higgs scalar, H0, or the Z0, induced by new physics with a mass scale beyond the standard model. The strengths of the flavor changing couplings of H0 and Z0 are shon to be increasing with the masses of the fermion flavors involved. If the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing is due to the flavor changing coupling of H0, the key predictions are D D0-D¯0 mixing of O (10%) of the present experimental upper limit and BR(μ-å e-γ) ≅ (1.1 +/- 0.6) × 10-12, and the mass of the Higgsscalar MH≅(200-300) GeV. In case the observed Bd0 - B¯d0 mixing is due to the flavor changing coupling of Z0, the rare decay mode μ-åe-e+e- is predicted to be observable at any time in the near future with the branching ratio in the neighborhood of the present experimental upper limit, while other predictions include: D0-D¯0 mixing of O(1-10)% of the present upper limit, BR(Bs0å μ+μ-X) ≅ (8.5 +/- 4.2) × 10-5, BR(τt-å μ-μ+μ-) ≅ (8.8 +/-4.8) × and the branching ratios for the flavor changing decay modes of Z0, BR(Z0åbs¯ + ss¯) × 107 ≅ (14 +/-7), BR (Z0å tc¯ + ct¯) × 107 +/- (1500 +/- 700)(mt/60 GeV), BR(Z0å b'b¯ +bb¯') × 107 ≅ (4800 +/- 2300)(mb/50 GeV), BR (Z0å μ-τ+ + μ+τ-) × 3.6 +/- 1.8, and BR (Z0å τ' τ¯ + τ¯'τ) × 107 ≅ (1300 +/- 600) (mτ/40 GeV). These flavor changing branching ratios of Z0 can be tested at LEP with 107 Z0's. From the observed strength of Bd0-B¯d0 mixing the scale of new physics can be inferred to be M ≅ 250 GeV.
We describe the design and implementation of a software architecture that allows for the wide-sca... more We describe the design and implementation of a software architecture that allows for the wide-scale deployment of an authenticated dictionary. Our system, which we call the Secure Transaction Management System (STMS ), can be configured to use any authenticated dictionary data structure complying with our interfaces. We present applications of STMS to certificate revocation, document integrity, digital rights management and SSH authentication. We also report on the runtime performance of STMS in various deployment scenarios.
Throughout the world there exists a notable relationship between income inequality and health. Po... more Throughout the world there exists a notable relationship between income inequality and health. Political factors and circumstances, which arguably affect the distribution of income, may also be related to population health. This paper explores the geographic dimensions of these relationships in an attempt to determine whether or not levels of democracy complement, influence or confound the association between income inequality
Toward a Quantitative Theory of Electrically Forced Jets
We describe our ongoing research aimed at developing quantitative comparisons between theory and ... more We describe our ongoing research aimed at developing quantitative comparisons between theory and experiment for electrically forced jets. This problem has technological importance in two different physical limits: for high viscosity fluids, it corresponds to electrospinning-i.e. the production of very thin fibers, and for low viscosity fluids it corresponds to electrosprays--the production of a spray of fine drops. An analysis of the shape and stability of electrically forced jets is presented, based on a simple model systematically derived from the full equations in the limit that the jet has small aspect ratio. The model includes all relevant effects (viscosity, surface tension, inertia, gravity, surface charge advection, bulk conductivity, electric tangential stress, etc.), and its simplicity enables elucidation of the underlying physics. We present quantitative comparisons between theory and experiment for the shape and stability of the jets, and the implications for the mechani...
Connector-based self-healing mechanism for components of a reliable system
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, 2005
Page 1. Connector-Based Self-Healing Mechanism for Components of a Reliable System Michael E. Shi... more Page 1. Connector-Based Self-Healing Mechanism for Components of a Reliable System Michael E. Shin Department of Computer Science Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 (806) 742-3527 Michael.Shin@ttu.edu ...
2004 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages - Human Centric Computing, 2004
The open nature of the Web makes it possible to create spoofed Web pages which, to the casual obs... more The open nature of the Web makes it possible to create spoofed Web pages which, to the casual observer, are indistinguishable from authentic pages. The defense against Web spoofing attacks is a challenging problem since most users are unwilling (or unable) to follow complex interactive authentication procedures (e.g., inspect a Web server certificate). In this paper, we present a visual scheme that protects users against Web spoofing attacks while requiring minimal interaction.
Design of Wrapper for Self-Management of Cots Components
International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, 2009
Self-Management of COTS Component-Based Systems Using Wrappers
30th Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC'06), 2006
... Fernando Paniagua Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Texas Tech Un... more ... Fernando Paniagua Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Texas Tech University Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 806-742-3527 806-742-3527 Michael.Shin@ttu.edu fernando.paniagua@ttu.edu Abstract ...
Show Me the Money! The Geography of Contributions to California's Proposition 8
California Journal of Politics and Policy, 2009
Food Security, 2010
Food prices are an important component of the food security equation. Stable prices promote food ... more Food prices are an important component of the food security equation. Stable prices promote food security, whereas price instability and volatility can contribute to and exacerbate food crises. Understanding market integration, or the co-movement of prices between different markets, can therefore provide important insights into food security and threats to it. The value of a geographic perspective is illustrated through an examination of market integration with spatial analysis. Results from an analysis of the 2004/5 food crisis in Niger indicate that market integration in Niger tends to be local and deteriorates rapidly during shocks or periods of crisis.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2003
We describe several schemes for efficiently populating an authenticated dictionary with fresh cre... more We describe several schemes for efficiently populating an authenticated dictionary with fresh credentials. The thrust of this effort is directed at allowing for many data authors, called sources, to collectively publish information to a common repository, which is then distributed throughout a network to allow for authenticated queries on this information. Authors are assured of their contributions being added to the repository based on cryptographic receipts that the repository returns after performing the updates sent by an author. While our motivation here is the dissemination of credential status data from multiple credential issuers, applications of this technology also include time stamping of documents, document version integrity control, and multiple-CA certificate revocation management, to name just a few.
Initial assessment of a tissue engineered stomach derived from syngeneic donors in a rat model
ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of creating a tissue engineered stomach ... more The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of creating a tissue engineered stomach using isolated stomach epithelium organoid unit from syngeneic adult donors and a biodegradable polymer scaffold in a rat model. Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by various complications. As an alternative treatment, a tissue engineered stomach that replaces the mechanical and metabolic functions of a normal stomach is proposed. Stomach epithelium organoid units were isolated from syngeneic adult rats and seeded onto biodegradable polymers. These constructs were implanted into the omenta of recipient adult rats. All constructs were harvested for histologic and immunohistochemical examination at designated time points. Cyst-like structures were formed that showed the development of vascularized tissue with a neomucosa. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-actin smooth muscle, gastric mucin, and proton pump indicated the presenc...
A Tissue-Engineered Stomach as a Replacement of the Native Stomach
Transplantation, 2003
Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by v... more Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by various complications. As an alternative treatment, we propose a tissue-engineered stomach that replaces the mechanical and metabolic functions of a normal stomach. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the function of a tissue-engineered stomach as a replacement of the native stomach. Tissue-engineered stomachs were formed in recipient rats from stomach epithelium organoid units isolated from neonatal donor rats. After 12 weeks, the animals underwent a second operation for replacement of the native stomachs. Tissue-engineered stomachs were successfully used as a substitute of the native stomach in a rat model. An upper gastrointestinal tract study revealed no evidence of bowel stenosis or obstruction at both anastomosis sites. Histologically, the tissue-engineered stomachs had well-developed vascularized tissue with a neomucosa continuously lining the lumen and stratified smooth muscle layers. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-actin smooth muscle showed that the smooth muscle layers were arranged in a regular fashion. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface topography of the tissue-engineered stomachs resembled that of native stomachs. It has been demonstrated that a tissue-engineered stomach can replace a native stomach in a rat model. Replacement of the native stomach by a tissue-engineered stomach had beneficial effects on the formation of neomucosa and smooth muscle layers in the tissue-engineered stomach.
In Vivo Bone Tissue Engineering Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells on a Novel Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffold
Tissue Engineering, 2004
The objective of this study was to assess bone formation from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on a ... more The objective of this study was to assess bone formation from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on a novel nanofibrous scaffold in a rat model. A highly porous, degradable poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold with an extracellular matrix-like topography was produced by electrostatic fiber spinning. MSCs derived from the bone marrow of neonatal rats were cultured, expanded, and seeded on the scaffolds. The cell-polymer constructs were cultured with osteogenic supplements in a rotating bioreactor for 4 weeks, and subsequently implanted in the omenta of rats for 4 weeks. The constructs were explanted and characterized by histology, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy. The constructs maintained the size and shape of the original scaffolds. Morphologically, the constructs were rigid and had a bone-like appearance. Cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation were observed throughout the constructs. In addition, mineralization and type I collagen were also detected. This study establishes the ability to develop bone grafts on electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds in a well-vascularized site using MSCs.
Osteoclastogenesis on Tissue-Engineered Bone
Tissue Engineering, 2004
Bone remodeling plays an important role in bone function. To date, bone tissue-engineering resear... more Bone remodeling plays an important role in bone function. To date, bone tissue-engineering research has focused primarily on bone formation from osteoblasts. This study demonstrates that osteoclastogenesis can occur on a mineralized polymer scaffold. Porcine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) and hematopoietic cells were isolated from the bone marrow of Yucatan minipigs (n = 3) and cultured separately. pMSCs were differentiated into osteoblasts, seeded on porous poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) foams, and cultured in a rotating oxygen-permeable bioreactor system. Once the cell-polymer constructs had started to mineralize, the hematopoietic cells were added and cocultured to include osteoclastogenesis. The cultured constructs were evaluated by histochemical and microscopic examination. Our results show that osteoblasts and osteoclasts were successfully differentiated from bone marrow on the scaffolds. This is the first demonstration of osteoclast formation on mineralized polymer surfaces.
The Saga of the ‘Second industrial divide’ and the history of the ‘third Italy’: Evidence from export data
Scottish Geographical Journal, 2005
... JOHN AGNEW, MICHAEL SHIN & PAUL RICHARDSON Department of Geography, University of Califor... more ... JOHN AGNEW, MICHAEL SHIN & PAUL RICHARDSON Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1524, USA ... Scot.Geog. J. 121(1), 83-101 Page 2. 84 JOHN AGNEW, MICHAEL SHIN & PAUL RICHARDSON ...
Political parties with conventional memberships and hierarchical structures are under challenge a... more Political parties with conventional memberships and hierarchical structures are under challenge across electoral democracies from movements and candidates that claim they are "going to the people" directly for their support. Italy has been a laboratory for this populism even as the term itself is used more widely. The basic question of what the people are to whom populism refers has not received much, if any, empirical examination. After surveying usage of the term populism, three facets behind the rise of Italian populism since 1990 are examined using a geographic perspective. First, the geography of voter turnout and rising abstention is considered to be emblematic of dissatisfaction with existing parties and the expanding pool of nonvoters available for mobilization by populist movements and candidates. Second, the role of the leader as an alternative focal point to the party is shown to be central to such populist movements. Silvio Berlusconi is the primary actor in this account, although other similar figures are identified. Third and finally, the rise of the Internet-based 5 Star Movement and the promise of going to the people without any institutional or geographical mediation is assessed. The Movement's dual identity as having strong roots in some places as a civic organization and a remarkably uneven geography as a protest movement shows how much even it cannot engage with a singular people. When examined closely, the promise of politics without mediation made by populist movements proves beyond realization.
The word populism is increasingly capacious. At one time it referred specifically to political mo... more The word populism is increasingly capacious. At one time it referred specifically to political movements geared towards diminishing the political influence of economic elites and pushing for redistribution of incomes to "the people" at large. This was the meaning populism had in US politics at the turn of the twentieth century. This version was entirely left-wing in the sense of verging or overlapping with socialism, at least of the parliamentary or electoral varieties. This type of populism still has political mileage; witness the success of Bernie Sanders in the 2016 US Democratic Party presidential primaries and caucuses and of Podemos in Spain and Syriza in Greece. Increasingly, however, particularly in Europe and North America, populism can be rightwing and overtly nationalist rather than leftist and weakly nationalist. It is fervently disruptive, looking to totalistic change in the status quo. The compromises and pork-barrel exchanges that typically make politics work across socially and geographically heterogeneous countries are decried as deceptive and corrupt. Dark conspiracies are posited in which the rhetorical vacuum of "There's something going on" can be filled in by listeners with whatever threat or fear of challenge or difference (immigrants, Jews, Moslems, the European Union, Chinese economic competition and so on) they choose. Oppositional demagoguery rather than much in the way of constructive policy proposals that could actually be followed once government were achieved tends to be the leitmotif of much contemporary populism, including the often central claim to be "overcoming" the historic distinction between left and right. Likewise, sense of loss more than potential for the future tends to be the overwhelming refrain; "taking back the country" rather than discussing what that might actually involve. The campaign in Britain to leave the European Union in 2016 had all of these features. Populism was its leitmotif.