Iram Tahir | University of Central Lancashire (original) (raw)
Papers by Iram Tahir
Evaluation Review, Jan 11, 2023
IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS), 2020
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies
The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the mostmarginalised groups in so... more The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the mostmarginalised groups in societies. In a highly patriarchal society like Pakistan, this dilemma is further magnified due to the lack of focus on human rights problems it creates for subsections of society that do not have equal access to mainstream resources, such as women. This paper seeks to identify the human rights issues created due to terrorism and counter-terrorism from a gendered perspective in the context of women in Swat, Pakistan. Secondary data analysis has been used as a research methodology, and the Feminist Theory has been applied as the theoretical framework. Findings reveal that women in Swat have suffered human rights abuses in the economic, social and cultural context far more than men, and continue to suffer from psychological problems. The militant activity in Swat altered the mindset of women towards terrorism, creating women militants. The paper concludes that women in Swat suffered severe h...
Special Issue, Nov 22, 2019
This research was conducted to investigate the impact of supply chain management strategies and p... more This research was conducted to investigate the impact of supply chain management strategies and practices on the retail supply chain performance specifically focusing on textile or apparel industry. For Sample selection we chose systematic random sampling method and a list of 120 retail stores located in Islamabad was developed. Data was collected from every second store on the list using a survey questionnaire, giving a sample size of 60 managers of textile retail stores. The data accumulated was analyzed by performing different statistical tests, reliability, mean, correlation, standard deviation and regression. The findings showed that supply chain practices have an impact on retail supply chain performance statistically but, supply chain strategies do not have an impact on retail supply chain performance. However, supply chain strategies and practices are significantly related to each other.
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies
This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on organizational commitmen... more This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on organizational commitment of female faculty at private universities in Karachi, Pakistan. To test association between the two variables, correlation was used. The results were further corroborated by the use of contingency table. The target population was permanently employed female faculty of private universities. The study was done through interviews and questionnaire survey. The method employed for this purpose wast-test of correlation and chi-square test of association. The study revealed that faculty members at private universities in Karachi had time-based conflict but they did not have strain-based and behaviour-based Conflict. The female faculty were committed to their organizations and the affective commitment showed higher result than continuance and normative commitment. The study reveals that there exists a weak association between two critical variables i.e. work-life conflicts and organizational commitment.
Volume 3, Issue 1
Purpose - This study primarily examines how local retail businesses strategically take advantage ... more Purpose - This study primarily examines how local retail businesses strategically take advantage of an event like the Peace and Love Festival. The financial effects of the event on these businesses were studied with a focus on whether sales increase or decrease during the Festival. The influence of three important factors was examined; business strategy, location of business and type of business on local businesses’ sales during festivals. The study assessed the impact of specific location and the effect of these festivals on different types of businesses. It uncovers the influence of such events on businesses, particularly on their sales. Overall, such festivals have positive financial effects on all local business, except a few, which are further explored in the study. Methodology- The study adopts a qualitative research method in order to obtain a deeper knowledge of how local businesses take advantage of events and festivals. Primary data has been gathered by interviewing local ...
International Journal of Business and Management Study, 2019
This independent study has been conducted to analyse and establish whether any relationship exist... more This independent study has been conducted to analyse and establish whether any relationship exists between effective risk management practices and project success in the construction industry of Pakistan. The industry under question is marred with inefficiencies both in the public as well as private sector, and success rate of projects are very low. The study aims to investigate, through the use of questionnaires, whether a relationship between effective risk management and improved project success exists., and whether the organisations that undertake risk management processes are able to achieve a better project success rate and, in the process, establish a link between the two. Literature suggests that an effective risk management system comprises of a four-step process which includes risk identification, risk assessment, risk response and overall control of risk. Further study of the literature suggests that the first three elements help enforce and reaffirm the fourth element. Hence, the first three elements were taken as independent variables and a mediation relationship was suggested in the theoretical framework for the fourth element. Questionnaires were adapted from previous research in this area, with country specific factors such as training on risk management issues, policies in this regard and overall understanding and acknowledgement of risk management incorporated into the questionnaires to make it more relevant to the population and chosen sample. This research paper is relevant in today's context since infrastructure projects are at a peak in Pakistan, and the importance of risk management in the overall project planning and execution needs to be determined so that effective measures can be taken to improve the project success ratio in terms of schedule, cost and quality, so that the mediocre performance of construction projects as a whole can be improved and efficiencies can be achieved in this sector of the economy.
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies, 2019
This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on organizational commitmen... more This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on
organizational commitment of female faculty at private universities in Karachi,
Pakistan. To test association between the two variables, correlation was used. The
results were further corroborated by the use of contingency table. The target
population was permanently employed female faculty of private universities. The
study was done through interviews and questionnaire survey. The method employed
for this purpose wast-test of correlation and chi-square test of association. The study
revealed that faculty members at private universities in Karachi had time-based
conflict but they did not have strain-based and behaviour-based Conflict. The female
faculty were committed to their organizations and the affective commitment showed
higher result than continuance and normative commitment. The study reveals that
there exists a weak association between two critical variables i.e. work-life conflicts
and organizational commitment.
Keywords: Work- Life Conflict, Organizational Commitment, Female Faculty.
ISSRA Papers, 2018
This paper attempts to investigate the prevalence of interpersonal workplace aggression (IWA), or... more This paper attempts to investigate the prevalence of interpersonal workplace aggression (IWA), organisational citizenship behaviours (OCBs) and counterproductive work behaviours (CWBs) among employees in Pakistani organisations. Interpersonal workplace aggression, organisational citizenship behaviours and counterproductive work behaviours were measured through adopted instruments after establishing the validity of measures. The population of the study included private sector organisations in Pakistan. Data was collected by administering close-ended questionnaires to a sample of 123 respondents selected through convenience sampling design. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regressions statistical tools. The results indicated significant positive relationship between IWA and counterproductive work behaviours, whereas significant negative relationship was found between organisational citizenship behaviours and counterproductive work behaviours. The study’s implications, limitations and directions for future studies are discussed.
Key Words: Interpersonal Workplace Aggression, Counterproductive Work Behaviours, Organisational Citizenship Behaviours.
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies, 2018
The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the most marginalised groups in s... more The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the most marginalised groups in societies. In a highly patriarchal society like Pakistan, this dilemma is further magnified due to the lack of focus on human rights problems it creates for subsections of society that do not have equal access to mainstream resources, such as women. This paper seeks to identify the human rights issues created due to terrorism and counter-terrorism from a gendered perspective in the context of women in Swat, Pakistan. Secondary data analysis has been used as a research methodology, and the Feminist Theory has been applied as the theoretical framework. Findings reveal that women in Swat have suffered human rights abuses in the economic, social and cultural context far more than men, and continue to suffer from psychological problems. The militant activity in Swat altered the mindset of women towards terrorism, creating women militants. The paper concludes that women in Swat suffered severe human rights abuses to their economic, social and cultural freedoms, and were not beneficiary to adequate rehabilitation initiatives, leaving emotional and mental after-effects on these women.
Keywords: Terrorism; Counter-Terrorism; Human Rights; Women.
Conference Presentations by Iram Tahir
Asia International Conference, 2018
Purpose- This study analyzes the effect of congruence between consumer idea self-image and their ... more Purpose- This study analyzes the effect of congruence between consumer idea self-image and their perceived brand image on brand preference of mobile phone users in Pakistan. Consumer’s perceived images of different mobile brands were analyzed against their ideal self-image to know the impact on brand preference.
Methodology/sample- 400 respondents filled the Questionnaires, which belonged to different age groups, marital status, educational background and professional background. To analyze data regression and Correlation tests were used.
Findings- Analysis indicated that Pakistani individuals prefer those mobile phone brands which are similar to their ideal self-image as there was a positive relation between them. Though, it also showed that other factors should be considered in order to obtain a strong relation.
Practical Implications- The result of the research will help the marketers and brand managers in building up a brand image that is similar to the consumer’s ideal self image. It also showed how much it is important to maintain a brand image which has an association to the consumer’s ideal self-image. As today not just the functional aspects of a mobile phone matters but the brand image of mobile also matters as consumers express their own image to others through mobile phone brands.
Asia International Multidisciplinary Conference, 2019
This research was conducted to investigate the impact of supply chain management strategies and p... more This research was conducted to investigate the impact of supply chain management strategies and practices on the retail supply chain performance specifically focusing on textile or apparel industry. For Sample selection we chose systematic random sampling method and a list of 120 retail stores located in Islamabad was developed. Data was collected from every second store on the list using a survey questionnaire, giving a sample size of 60 managers of textile retail stores. The data accumulated was analyzed by performing different statistical tests, reliability, mean, correlation, standard deviation and regression. The findings showed that supply chain practices have an impact on retail supply chain performance statistically but, supply chain strategies do not have an impact on retail supply chain performance. However, supply chain strategies and practices are significantly related to each other.
Keywords: Supply chain management strategies, supply chain management practices and retail supply chain performance.
Conference Proceedings Eighth International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Economics and Management Study SEM, 2019
This independent study has been conducted to analyse and establish whether any relationship exist... more This independent study has been conducted to analyse and establish whether any relationship exists between effective risk management practices and project success in the construction industry of Pakistan. The industry under question is marred with inefficiencies both in the public as well as private sector, and success rate of projects are very low. The study aims to investigate, through the use of questionnaires, whether a relationship between effective risk management and improved project success exists., and whether the organisations that undertake risk management processes are able to achieve a better project success rate and, in the process, establish a link between the two. Literature suggests that an effective risk management system comprises of a four-step process which includes risk identification, risk assessment, risk response and overall control of risk. Further study of the literature suggests that the first three elements help enforce and reaffirm the fourth element. Hence, the first three elements were taken as independent variables and a mediation relationship was suggested in the theoretical framework for the fourth element. Questionnaires were adapted from previous research in this area, with country specific factors such as training on risk management issues, policies in this regard and overall understanding and acknowledgement of risk management incorporated into the questionnaires to make it more relevant to the population and chosen sample. This research paper is relevant in today's context since infrastructure projects are at a peak in Pakistan, and the importance of risk management in the overall project planning and execution needs to be determined so that effective measures can be taken to improve the project success ratio in terms of schedule, cost and quality, so that the mediocre performance of construction projects as a whole can be improved and efficiencies can be achieved in this sector of the economy.
The Business and Management Review, Volume 10, Number 1, 2018
Keywords Actual Self-image, Brand image, Brand preference, Self-concept, Self-image congruity. Ab... more Keywords Actual Self-image, Brand image, Brand preference, Self-concept, Self-image congruity. Abstract Purpose-The aim of this study was to analyze consumer's perceived images of different mobile phone brands against their actual self-image in order to know the impact on the brand preference. Methodology/sample-In this study questionnaires were filled by 400 respondents, where the respondent individuals belonged to different groups. To analyze the data regression and Correlation tests were applied and the relationship between dependent and independent variables were analyzed. Findings-the relative results clearly indicated that individuals in Pakistan prefer those mobile phone brands which go along with their actual self-image, as there was a positive relation. Though, the strength of the relation was moderate, which showed that there are other factors which should be considered. Practical Implications-The result of the research will help the marketers and brand managers in building up a brand image that is similar to the consumer's self-image. It will also help them to understand how much it is important to maintain a brand image which has an association to the consumer's self-image. As today not just the functional aspects of a mobile phone matters but the brand image of mobile also matters because through the brand consumer express their own image to others.
Evaluation Review, Jan 11, 2023
IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS), 2020
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies
The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the mostmarginalised groups in so... more The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the mostmarginalised groups in societies. In a highly patriarchal society like Pakistan, this dilemma is further magnified due to the lack of focus on human rights problems it creates for subsections of society that do not have equal access to mainstream resources, such as women. This paper seeks to identify the human rights issues created due to terrorism and counter-terrorism from a gendered perspective in the context of women in Swat, Pakistan. Secondary data analysis has been used as a research methodology, and the Feminist Theory has been applied as the theoretical framework. Findings reveal that women in Swat have suffered human rights abuses in the economic, social and cultural context far more than men, and continue to suffer from psychological problems. The militant activity in Swat altered the mindset of women towards terrorism, creating women militants. The paper concludes that women in Swat suffered severe h...
Special Issue, Nov 22, 2019
This research was conducted to investigate the impact of supply chain management strategies and p... more This research was conducted to investigate the impact of supply chain management strategies and practices on the retail supply chain performance specifically focusing on textile or apparel industry. For Sample selection we chose systematic random sampling method and a list of 120 retail stores located in Islamabad was developed. Data was collected from every second store on the list using a survey questionnaire, giving a sample size of 60 managers of textile retail stores. The data accumulated was analyzed by performing different statistical tests, reliability, mean, correlation, standard deviation and regression. The findings showed that supply chain practices have an impact on retail supply chain performance statistically but, supply chain strategies do not have an impact on retail supply chain performance. However, supply chain strategies and practices are significantly related to each other.
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies
This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on organizational commitmen... more This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on organizational commitment of female faculty at private universities in Karachi, Pakistan. To test association between the two variables, correlation was used. The results were further corroborated by the use of contingency table. The target population was permanently employed female faculty of private universities. The study was done through interviews and questionnaire survey. The method employed for this purpose wast-test of correlation and chi-square test of association. The study revealed that faculty members at private universities in Karachi had time-based conflict but they did not have strain-based and behaviour-based Conflict. The female faculty were committed to their organizations and the affective commitment showed higher result than continuance and normative commitment. The study reveals that there exists a weak association between two critical variables i.e. work-life conflicts and organizational commitment.
Volume 3, Issue 1
Purpose - This study primarily examines how local retail businesses strategically take advantage ... more Purpose - This study primarily examines how local retail businesses strategically take advantage of an event like the Peace and Love Festival. The financial effects of the event on these businesses were studied with a focus on whether sales increase or decrease during the Festival. The influence of three important factors was examined; business strategy, location of business and type of business on local businesses’ sales during festivals. The study assessed the impact of specific location and the effect of these festivals on different types of businesses. It uncovers the influence of such events on businesses, particularly on their sales. Overall, such festivals have positive financial effects on all local business, except a few, which are further explored in the study. Methodology- The study adopts a qualitative research method in order to obtain a deeper knowledge of how local businesses take advantage of events and festivals. Primary data has been gathered by interviewing local ...
International Journal of Business and Management Study, 2019
This independent study has been conducted to analyse and establish whether any relationship exist... more This independent study has been conducted to analyse and establish whether any relationship exists between effective risk management practices and project success in the construction industry of Pakistan. The industry under question is marred with inefficiencies both in the public as well as private sector, and success rate of projects are very low. The study aims to investigate, through the use of questionnaires, whether a relationship between effective risk management and improved project success exists., and whether the organisations that undertake risk management processes are able to achieve a better project success rate and, in the process, establish a link between the two. Literature suggests that an effective risk management system comprises of a four-step process which includes risk identification, risk assessment, risk response and overall control of risk. Further study of the literature suggests that the first three elements help enforce and reaffirm the fourth element. Hence, the first three elements were taken as independent variables and a mediation relationship was suggested in the theoretical framework for the fourth element. Questionnaires were adapted from previous research in this area, with country specific factors such as training on risk management issues, policies in this regard and overall understanding and acknowledgement of risk management incorporated into the questionnaires to make it more relevant to the population and chosen sample. This research paper is relevant in today's context since infrastructure projects are at a peak in Pakistan, and the importance of risk management in the overall project planning and execution needs to be determined so that effective measures can be taken to improve the project success ratio in terms of schedule, cost and quality, so that the mediocre performance of construction projects as a whole can be improved and efficiencies can be achieved in this sector of the economy.
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies, 2019
This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on organizational commitmen... more This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on
organizational commitment of female faculty at private universities in Karachi,
Pakistan. To test association between the two variables, correlation was used. The
results were further corroborated by the use of contingency table. The target
population was permanently employed female faculty of private universities. The
study was done through interviews and questionnaire survey. The method employed
for this purpose wast-test of correlation and chi-square test of association. The study
revealed that faculty members at private universities in Karachi had time-based
conflict but they did not have strain-based and behaviour-based Conflict. The female
faculty were committed to their organizations and the affective commitment showed
higher result than continuance and normative commitment. The study reveals that
there exists a weak association between two critical variables i.e. work-life conflicts
and organizational commitment.
Keywords: Work- Life Conflict, Organizational Commitment, Female Faculty.
ISSRA Papers, 2018
This paper attempts to investigate the prevalence of interpersonal workplace aggression (IWA), or... more This paper attempts to investigate the prevalence of interpersonal workplace aggression (IWA), organisational citizenship behaviours (OCBs) and counterproductive work behaviours (CWBs) among employees in Pakistani organisations. Interpersonal workplace aggression, organisational citizenship behaviours and counterproductive work behaviours were measured through adopted instruments after establishing the validity of measures. The population of the study included private sector organisations in Pakistan. Data was collected by administering close-ended questionnaires to a sample of 123 respondents selected through convenience sampling design. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regressions statistical tools. The results indicated significant positive relationship between IWA and counterproductive work behaviours, whereas significant negative relationship was found between organisational citizenship behaviours and counterproductive work behaviours. The study’s implications, limitations and directions for future studies are discussed.
Key Words: Interpersonal Workplace Aggression, Counterproductive Work Behaviours, Organisational Citizenship Behaviours.
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies, 2018
The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the most marginalised groups in s... more The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the most marginalised groups in societies. In a highly patriarchal society like Pakistan, this dilemma is further magnified due to the lack of focus on human rights problems it creates for subsections of society that do not have equal access to mainstream resources, such as women. This paper seeks to identify the human rights issues created due to terrorism and counter-terrorism from a gendered perspective in the context of women in Swat, Pakistan. Secondary data analysis has been used as a research methodology, and the Feminist Theory has been applied as the theoretical framework. Findings reveal that women in Swat have suffered human rights abuses in the economic, social and cultural context far more than men, and continue to suffer from psychological problems. The militant activity in Swat altered the mindset of women towards terrorism, creating women militants. The paper concludes that women in Swat suffered severe human rights abuses to their economic, social and cultural freedoms, and were not beneficiary to adequate rehabilitation initiatives, leaving emotional and mental after-effects on these women.
Keywords: Terrorism; Counter-Terrorism; Human Rights; Women.
Asia International Conference, 2018
Purpose- This study analyzes the effect of congruence between consumer idea self-image and their ... more Purpose- This study analyzes the effect of congruence between consumer idea self-image and their perceived brand image on brand preference of mobile phone users in Pakistan. Consumer’s perceived images of different mobile brands were analyzed against their ideal self-image to know the impact on brand preference.
Methodology/sample- 400 respondents filled the Questionnaires, which belonged to different age groups, marital status, educational background and professional background. To analyze data regression and Correlation tests were used.
Findings- Analysis indicated that Pakistani individuals prefer those mobile phone brands which are similar to their ideal self-image as there was a positive relation between them. Though, it also showed that other factors should be considered in order to obtain a strong relation.
Practical Implications- The result of the research will help the marketers and brand managers in building up a brand image that is similar to the consumer’s ideal self image. It also showed how much it is important to maintain a brand image which has an association to the consumer’s ideal self-image. As today not just the functional aspects of a mobile phone matters but the brand image of mobile also matters as consumers express their own image to others through mobile phone brands.
Asia International Multidisciplinary Conference, 2019
This research was conducted to investigate the impact of supply chain management strategies and p... more This research was conducted to investigate the impact of supply chain management strategies and practices on the retail supply chain performance specifically focusing on textile or apparel industry. For Sample selection we chose systematic random sampling method and a list of 120 retail stores located in Islamabad was developed. Data was collected from every second store on the list using a survey questionnaire, giving a sample size of 60 managers of textile retail stores. The data accumulated was analyzed by performing different statistical tests, reliability, mean, correlation, standard deviation and regression. The findings showed that supply chain practices have an impact on retail supply chain performance statistically but, supply chain strategies do not have an impact on retail supply chain performance. However, supply chain strategies and practices are significantly related to each other.
Keywords: Supply chain management strategies, supply chain management practices and retail supply chain performance.
Conference Proceedings Eighth International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Economics and Management Study SEM, 2019
This independent study has been conducted to analyse and establish whether any relationship exist... more This independent study has been conducted to analyse and establish whether any relationship exists between effective risk management practices and project success in the construction industry of Pakistan. The industry under question is marred with inefficiencies both in the public as well as private sector, and success rate of projects are very low. The study aims to investigate, through the use of questionnaires, whether a relationship between effective risk management and improved project success exists., and whether the organisations that undertake risk management processes are able to achieve a better project success rate and, in the process, establish a link between the two. Literature suggests that an effective risk management system comprises of a four-step process which includes risk identification, risk assessment, risk response and overall control of risk. Further study of the literature suggests that the first three elements help enforce and reaffirm the fourth element. Hence, the first three elements were taken as independent variables and a mediation relationship was suggested in the theoretical framework for the fourth element. Questionnaires were adapted from previous research in this area, with country specific factors such as training on risk management issues, policies in this regard and overall understanding and acknowledgement of risk management incorporated into the questionnaires to make it more relevant to the population and chosen sample. This research paper is relevant in today's context since infrastructure projects are at a peak in Pakistan, and the importance of risk management in the overall project planning and execution needs to be determined so that effective measures can be taken to improve the project success ratio in terms of schedule, cost and quality, so that the mediocre performance of construction projects as a whole can be improved and efficiencies can be achieved in this sector of the economy.
The Business and Management Review, Volume 10, Number 1, 2018
Keywords Actual Self-image, Brand image, Brand preference, Self-concept, Self-image congruity. Ab... more Keywords Actual Self-image, Brand image, Brand preference, Self-concept, Self-image congruity. Abstract Purpose-The aim of this study was to analyze consumer's perceived images of different mobile phone brands against their actual self-image in order to know the impact on the brand preference. Methodology/sample-In this study questionnaires were filled by 400 respondents, where the respondent individuals belonged to different groups. To analyze the data regression and Correlation tests were applied and the relationship between dependent and independent variables were analyzed. Findings-the relative results clearly indicated that individuals in Pakistan prefer those mobile phone brands which go along with their actual self-image, as there was a positive relation. Though, the strength of the relation was moderate, which showed that there are other factors which should be considered. Practical Implications-The result of the research will help the marketers and brand managers in building up a brand image that is similar to the consumer's self-image. It will also help them to understand how much it is important to maintain a brand image which has an association to the consumer's self-image. As today not just the functional aspects of a mobile phone matters but the brand image of mobile also matters because through the brand consumer express their own image to others.