Vincent Yzerbyt - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Vincent Yzerbyt
Conclusions et recommandations
Annee Psychologique, 1997
Voir l'article en ligne Résumé Dans un premier article (Dardenne, Leyens et Yzerbyt, 1997), nous ... more Voir l'article en ligne Résumé Dans un premier article (Dardenne, Leyens et Yzerbyt, 1997), nous avons présenté les études de psychologie sociale qui concernent les stratégies de recherche d'informations et la confirmation d'hypothèse. Dans ce second article, nous étudions les stratégies confîrmatoires en fonction des buts de l'interaction sociale. Très souvent, les études de perception sociale ont été menées comme si le seul but recherché était un but d'exactitude. Les recherches
Variables asociadas a la identidad social satisfactoria y sus efectos diferenciales en el esencia... more Variables asociadas a la identidad social satisfactoria y sus efectos diferenciales en el esencialismo endo y exogrupal
The Facets of Social Hierarchy: How Judges’ Legitimacy Beliefs and Relative Status Shape Their Evaluation of Assertiveness and Ability
International Review of Social Psychology
Gendered Self-Views Across 62 Countries: A Test of Competing Models
Social Psychological and Personality Science
Social role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in les... more Social role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in less egalitarian countries, reflecting these countries’ more pronounced sex-based power divisions. Conversely, evolutionary and self-construal theorists suggest that gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in more egalitarian countries, reflecting the greater autonomy support and flexible self-construction processes present in these countries. Using data from 62 countries ( N = 28,640), we examine binary gender gaps in agentic and communal self-views as a function of country-level objective gender equality (the Global Gender Gap Index) and subjective distributions of social power (the Power Distance Index). Findings show that in more egalitarian countries, gender gaps in agency are smaller and gender gaps in communality are larger. These patterns are driven primarily by cross-country differences in men’s self-views and by the Power Distance Index (PDI) more robustly than the Gl...
When my actions shape your looks: Experience-based properties of approach/avoidance bias the visual representation of others
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
The literature on the approach/avoidance training (AAT) effect has focused on its evaluative cons... more The literature on the approach/avoidance training (AAT) effect has focused on its evaluative consequences (with approached stimuli evaluated as more positive than avoided ones). Building on a grounded cognition framework, we investigated AAT effects on the visual representation of stimuli (here, neutral faces). We formulated specific predictions regarding the facial features that should be the most biased and the conditions under which the effect should be the strongest. We tested these predictions in five preregistered experiments using a reverse correlation paradigm. In Experiments 1-2, the facial representations resulting from an AAT looked more "approachable" and "avoidable," respectively. Specifically, we observed more bias on facial traits related to approach/avoidance (e.g., trustworthiness) than on traits less relevant for these actions (e.g., cleverness). Experiment 2 additionally tested the unique contribution of both approach and avoidance as compared to control actions. Experiments 3A-4 showed that this effect depends on experiencing the AAT (compared to the mere instructions of approach/avoidance) and on the sensory aspects of approach/avoidance that are mimicked in the AAT. Finally, Experiment 5 supported the idea that the AAT effect still emerges in the absence of explicit instructions of approach/avoidance (i.e., by only leaving the sensory aspects of approach/avoidance). The present research enriches the literature by revealing AAT effects that extend beyond mere evaluative consequences to the visual representation of the target stimuli. Our results also inform existing theoretical views on AAT effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
This study examined the contribution of social anxiety to the evaluation of emotional facial stim... more This study examined the contribution of social anxiety to the evaluation of emotional facial stimuli, while controlling for the gender of participants and stimuli. Participants (n063) completed two tasks: a single face evaluation task in which they had to evaluate angry versus neutral faces and, a facial crowd evaluation task in which they had to evaluate displays with a varying number of neutral and angry faces. In each task, participants had to evaluate the stimuli with respect to (a) the degree of disapproval expressed by the single face/crowd, and (b) the perceived difficulty of interacting with the face/crowd (emotional cost). Consistent with earlier studies, results showed that social anxiety modulated the evaluation of single faces for emotional cost, but not for disapproval ratings. In contrast, the evaluation of facial crowds was modulated by social anxiety on both ratings.
sj-docx-1-jcc-10.1177_0022022121997997 – Supplemental material for Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations
Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jcc-10.1177_0022022121997997 for Psychometric Properties and Cor... more Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jcc-10.1177_0022022121997997 for Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations by Jennifer K. Bosson, Paweł Jurek, Joseph A. Vandello, Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka, Michał Olech, Tomasz Besta, Michael Bender, Vera Hoorens, Maja Becker, A. Timur Sevincer, Deborah L. Best, Saba Safdar, Anna Włodarczyk, Magdalena Zawisza, Magdalena Żadkowska, Sami Abuhamdeh, Collins Badu Agyemang, Gülçin Akbaş, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Soline Ammirati, Joel Anderson, Gulnaz Anjum, Amarina Ariyanto, John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta, Mujeeba Ashraf, Aistė Bakaitytė, Chiara Bertolli, Dashamir Bërxulli, Chongzeng Bi, Katharina Block, Mandy Boehnke, Renata Bongiorno, Janine Bosak, Annalisa Casini, Qingwei Chen, Peilian Chi, Vera Cubela Adoric, Serena Daalmans, Justine Dandy, Soledad de Lemus, Sandesh Dhakal, Nikolay Dvorianchikov, Sonoko Egami, Edgardo Etchezahar, Carla Sofia Esteves, Neto Felix, Laura Froehlich, Efrain Garcia-Sanchez, Alin Gavr...
Approach and avoidance behaviors towards ingroup and outgroup members
This study is part of a broader research project dealing with the impact of the perception of the... more This study is part of a broader research project dealing with the impact of the perception of the social hierarchy as (im)permeable on approach and avoidance tendencies toward ingroup and outgroup members.
Interamerican Journal of Psychology, 2016
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las diferencias existentes entre delincuentes c... more El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las diferencias existentes entre delincuentes con alto y bajo compromiso delictual en su adherencia a teorias implicitas (determinismo biologico y social, entiteismo, esencialismo y atribucion causal, sobre el comportamiento delictivo). La medicion de las variables se realizo mediante la aplicacion de encuestas. La muestra fue no probabilistica, (N=80), siendo los participantes individuos de sexo masculino condenados, internos en el recinto penitenciario de Punta Arenas. Los resultados indican que los participantes que poseen un perfil criminologico mas severo suelen adherir de distinto modo a algunas de las teorias implicitas en comparacion con los individuos que poseen un bajo compromiso con el delito. En la direccion de las hipotesis, los participantes altos en compromiso delictual se mostraron mas estables respecto de la naturaleza de los grupos. Estos resultados son discutidos con relacion a su relevancia en el desarrollo de pro...
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2021
Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is har... more Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions ( N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held...
Social comparisons across cultures II: Change and stability in self-views – experimental evidence
Social Comparison and Social Psychology, 2005
ABSTRACT
Before the Game even Begins: Outgroup's Representative as a Determinant of Ingroup's Perceptions and Decisions in Intergroup Negotiations
PsycEXTRA Dataset
In three experiments we analyze the consequences of the intragroup status of a group’s representa... more In three experiments we analyze the consequences of the intragroup status of a group’s representative on the counterpart group’s perceptions and choices. First, we argue that a deviant outgroup representative is more informative of the outgroup’s goals than a normative one. Whereas the former triggers inferences of more instrumental than identity goals, the latter does not allow for such a differentiation. We further show that this pattern is due to the differential salience of information concerning the outgroup’s representative. Second, we explore the impact of the selection of a group’s representative on the counterpart group’s selection of its own representative. Based on the observation that negotiators show a strong tendency to reciprocation, we predict and show that group members choose representatives with a symmetrical intragroup status to the other group’s representative.
The dispositional boomerang: On the consequences of correcting social inferences
PsycEXTRA Dataset
Change and stability in self-views across cultures: Experimental evidence
Social judgeability concerns and the dilution of stereotypes
According to social judgeability theory (SJT), people rely upon a series of naive theories in ord... more According to social judgeability theory (SJT), people rely upon a series of naive theories in order to form an impression about others. Yzerbyt et al. (1994) suggested that perceivers' sensitivity to meta-informational aspects of the judgmental situation may explain the use of stereotypic expectations and may thus account for a series of findings generally seen as supportive of a biased interpretation hypothesis. The present study aimed at showing that meta-informational cues could also lead to the dilution of stereotypical judgments. Some subjects judged a specific target on the basis of category information and then again after they had been given pseudorelevant individuating information, i.e., information that appears to be, but is actually not, helpful for the judgment at hand. Other subjects received both category and pseudorelevant individuating information before they conveyed their impression. Compared to a control condition in which subjects indicated their stereotypes, subjects who received only category information about a specific target diluted their judgments. A dilution effect also emerged when these subjects later received additional pseudorelevant information and judged the target anew. Ln contrast, stereotypes influenced subjects' judgments when both category and pseudorelevant individuating information was provided before a judgment was requested. In line with SJT, these results point to the existence of rules involved in social inference processes. Depending on the nature of the information and the rhetorical structure of the situation, observers may or may not think that they possess the kind of evidence that renders decision-making legitimate.
Current Psychology, Oct 7, 2022
There is clear evidence that people with mental disability suffer from discrimination at school, ... more There is clear evidence that people with mental disability suffer from discrimination at school, at work, and in society. Less is known about the psychological processes and perceptions that guide such behaviors and even less if these perceptions vary according to the type of disability. Our objective was to build on well-established social psychological models and investigate the perceptions (i.e., stereotypes, perceived threats, and emotions) of people towards different types of mental disability. Participants from two francophone countries completed a questionnaire measuring their perceptions towards 18 mental disabilities and their familiarity with disability (N = 560). As expected, results revealed heterogeneous perceptions across groups. Moreover, perceived threats mediated the link between the stereotype of warmth and emotions. Surprisingly, greater familiarity with mental disability went along with greater derogation. This research nuances the overly generalized perceptions often associated with mental disability. We discuss implications for the reduction of discrimination against people with mental disability.
We are not aware of any conflict of interest. The present research was facilitated by a grant fro... more We are not aware of any conflict of interest. The present research was facilitated by a grant from the Research Council of the Catholic University of Louvain to the first and third authors. We express our sincere gratitude to Stéphanie Demoulin, Charles Judd, Nicolas Kervyn, Odile Rohmer, Wojtek Swiatkowski and Julie Terache, for their valuable feedbacks on the earlier version of the paper. We are especially grateful to Adrien Mierop for his help along the research process. We also warmly thanks Geoff Goodwin for providing us the list of traits used in Study 1.
Narrowing down to open up for others: Empathic concern is enhanced by inducing detailed processing
PsycEXTRA Dataset, 2011
Conclusions et recommandations
Annee Psychologique, 1997
Voir l'article en ligne Résumé Dans un premier article (Dardenne, Leyens et Yzerbyt, 1997), nous ... more Voir l'article en ligne Résumé Dans un premier article (Dardenne, Leyens et Yzerbyt, 1997), nous avons présenté les études de psychologie sociale qui concernent les stratégies de recherche d'informations et la confirmation d'hypothèse. Dans ce second article, nous étudions les stratégies confîrmatoires en fonction des buts de l'interaction sociale. Très souvent, les études de perception sociale ont été menées comme si le seul but recherché était un but d'exactitude. Les recherches
Variables asociadas a la identidad social satisfactoria y sus efectos diferenciales en el esencia... more Variables asociadas a la identidad social satisfactoria y sus efectos diferenciales en el esencialismo endo y exogrupal
The Facets of Social Hierarchy: How Judges’ Legitimacy Beliefs and Relative Status Shape Their Evaluation of Assertiveness and Ability
International Review of Social Psychology
Gendered Self-Views Across 62 Countries: A Test of Competing Models
Social Psychological and Personality Science
Social role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in les... more Social role theory posits that binary gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in less egalitarian countries, reflecting these countries’ more pronounced sex-based power divisions. Conversely, evolutionary and self-construal theorists suggest that gender gaps in agency and communion should be larger in more egalitarian countries, reflecting the greater autonomy support and flexible self-construction processes present in these countries. Using data from 62 countries ( N = 28,640), we examine binary gender gaps in agentic and communal self-views as a function of country-level objective gender equality (the Global Gender Gap Index) and subjective distributions of social power (the Power Distance Index). Findings show that in more egalitarian countries, gender gaps in agency are smaller and gender gaps in communality are larger. These patterns are driven primarily by cross-country differences in men’s self-views and by the Power Distance Index (PDI) more robustly than the Gl...
When my actions shape your looks: Experience-based properties of approach/avoidance bias the visual representation of others
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
The literature on the approach/avoidance training (AAT) effect has focused on its evaluative cons... more The literature on the approach/avoidance training (AAT) effect has focused on its evaluative consequences (with approached stimuli evaluated as more positive than avoided ones). Building on a grounded cognition framework, we investigated AAT effects on the visual representation of stimuli (here, neutral faces). We formulated specific predictions regarding the facial features that should be the most biased and the conditions under which the effect should be the strongest. We tested these predictions in five preregistered experiments using a reverse correlation paradigm. In Experiments 1-2, the facial representations resulting from an AAT looked more "approachable" and "avoidable," respectively. Specifically, we observed more bias on facial traits related to approach/avoidance (e.g., trustworthiness) than on traits less relevant for these actions (e.g., cleverness). Experiment 2 additionally tested the unique contribution of both approach and avoidance as compared to control actions. Experiments 3A-4 showed that this effect depends on experiencing the AAT (compared to the mere instructions of approach/avoidance) and on the sensory aspects of approach/avoidance that are mimicked in the AAT. Finally, Experiment 5 supported the idea that the AAT effect still emerges in the absence of explicit instructions of approach/avoidance (i.e., by only leaving the sensory aspects of approach/avoidance). The present research enriches the literature by revealing AAT effects that extend beyond mere evaluative consequences to the visual representation of the target stimuli. Our results also inform existing theoretical views on AAT effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
This study examined the contribution of social anxiety to the evaluation of emotional facial stim... more This study examined the contribution of social anxiety to the evaluation of emotional facial stimuli, while controlling for the gender of participants and stimuli. Participants (n063) completed two tasks: a single face evaluation task in which they had to evaluate angry versus neutral faces and, a facial crowd evaluation task in which they had to evaluate displays with a varying number of neutral and angry faces. In each task, participants had to evaluate the stimuli with respect to (a) the degree of disapproval expressed by the single face/crowd, and (b) the perceived difficulty of interacting with the face/crowd (emotional cost). Consistent with earlier studies, results showed that social anxiety modulated the evaluation of single faces for emotional cost, but not for disapproval ratings. In contrast, the evaluation of facial crowds was modulated by social anxiety on both ratings.
sj-docx-1-jcc-10.1177_0022022121997997 – Supplemental material for Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations
Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jcc-10.1177_0022022121997997 for Psychometric Properties and Cor... more Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jcc-10.1177_0022022121997997 for Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations by Jennifer K. Bosson, Paweł Jurek, Joseph A. Vandello, Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka, Michał Olech, Tomasz Besta, Michael Bender, Vera Hoorens, Maja Becker, A. Timur Sevincer, Deborah L. Best, Saba Safdar, Anna Włodarczyk, Magdalena Zawisza, Magdalena Żadkowska, Sami Abuhamdeh, Collins Badu Agyemang, Gülçin Akbaş, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Soline Ammirati, Joel Anderson, Gulnaz Anjum, Amarina Ariyanto, John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta, Mujeeba Ashraf, Aistė Bakaitytė, Chiara Bertolli, Dashamir Bërxulli, Chongzeng Bi, Katharina Block, Mandy Boehnke, Renata Bongiorno, Janine Bosak, Annalisa Casini, Qingwei Chen, Peilian Chi, Vera Cubela Adoric, Serena Daalmans, Justine Dandy, Soledad de Lemus, Sandesh Dhakal, Nikolay Dvorianchikov, Sonoko Egami, Edgardo Etchezahar, Carla Sofia Esteves, Neto Felix, Laura Froehlich, Efrain Garcia-Sanchez, Alin Gavr...
Approach and avoidance behaviors towards ingroup and outgroup members
This study is part of a broader research project dealing with the impact of the perception of the... more This study is part of a broader research project dealing with the impact of the perception of the social hierarchy as (im)permeable on approach and avoidance tendencies toward ingroup and outgroup members.
Interamerican Journal of Psychology, 2016
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las diferencias existentes entre delincuentes c... more El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las diferencias existentes entre delincuentes con alto y bajo compromiso delictual en su adherencia a teorias implicitas (determinismo biologico y social, entiteismo, esencialismo y atribucion causal, sobre el comportamiento delictivo). La medicion de las variables se realizo mediante la aplicacion de encuestas. La muestra fue no probabilistica, (N=80), siendo los participantes individuos de sexo masculino condenados, internos en el recinto penitenciario de Punta Arenas. Los resultados indican que los participantes que poseen un perfil criminologico mas severo suelen adherir de distinto modo a algunas de las teorias implicitas en comparacion con los individuos que poseen un bajo compromiso con el delito. En la direccion de las hipotesis, los participantes altos en compromiso delictual se mostraron mas estables respecto de la naturaleza de los grupos. Estos resultados son discutidos con relacion a su relevancia en el desarrollo de pro...
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2021
Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is har... more Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions ( N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held...
Social comparisons across cultures II: Change and stability in self-views – experimental evidence
Social Comparison and Social Psychology, 2005
ABSTRACT
Before the Game even Begins: Outgroup's Representative as a Determinant of Ingroup's Perceptions and Decisions in Intergroup Negotiations
PsycEXTRA Dataset
In three experiments we analyze the consequences of the intragroup status of a group’s representa... more In three experiments we analyze the consequences of the intragroup status of a group’s representative on the counterpart group’s perceptions and choices. First, we argue that a deviant outgroup representative is more informative of the outgroup’s goals than a normative one. Whereas the former triggers inferences of more instrumental than identity goals, the latter does not allow for such a differentiation. We further show that this pattern is due to the differential salience of information concerning the outgroup’s representative. Second, we explore the impact of the selection of a group’s representative on the counterpart group’s selection of its own representative. Based on the observation that negotiators show a strong tendency to reciprocation, we predict and show that group members choose representatives with a symmetrical intragroup status to the other group’s representative.
The dispositional boomerang: On the consequences of correcting social inferences
PsycEXTRA Dataset
Change and stability in self-views across cultures: Experimental evidence
Social judgeability concerns and the dilution of stereotypes
According to social judgeability theory (SJT), people rely upon a series of naive theories in ord... more According to social judgeability theory (SJT), people rely upon a series of naive theories in order to form an impression about others. Yzerbyt et al. (1994) suggested that perceivers' sensitivity to meta-informational aspects of the judgmental situation may explain the use of stereotypic expectations and may thus account for a series of findings generally seen as supportive of a biased interpretation hypothesis. The present study aimed at showing that meta-informational cues could also lead to the dilution of stereotypical judgments. Some subjects judged a specific target on the basis of category information and then again after they had been given pseudorelevant individuating information, i.e., information that appears to be, but is actually not, helpful for the judgment at hand. Other subjects received both category and pseudorelevant individuating information before they conveyed their impression. Compared to a control condition in which subjects indicated their stereotypes, subjects who received only category information about a specific target diluted their judgments. A dilution effect also emerged when these subjects later received additional pseudorelevant information and judged the target anew. Ln contrast, stereotypes influenced subjects' judgments when both category and pseudorelevant individuating information was provided before a judgment was requested. In line with SJT, these results point to the existence of rules involved in social inference processes. Depending on the nature of the information and the rhetorical structure of the situation, observers may or may not think that they possess the kind of evidence that renders decision-making legitimate.
Current Psychology, Oct 7, 2022
There is clear evidence that people with mental disability suffer from discrimination at school, ... more There is clear evidence that people with mental disability suffer from discrimination at school, at work, and in society. Less is known about the psychological processes and perceptions that guide such behaviors and even less if these perceptions vary according to the type of disability. Our objective was to build on well-established social psychological models and investigate the perceptions (i.e., stereotypes, perceived threats, and emotions) of people towards different types of mental disability. Participants from two francophone countries completed a questionnaire measuring their perceptions towards 18 mental disabilities and their familiarity with disability (N = 560). As expected, results revealed heterogeneous perceptions across groups. Moreover, perceived threats mediated the link between the stereotype of warmth and emotions. Surprisingly, greater familiarity with mental disability went along with greater derogation. This research nuances the overly generalized perceptions often associated with mental disability. We discuss implications for the reduction of discrimination against people with mental disability.
We are not aware of any conflict of interest. The present research was facilitated by a grant fro... more We are not aware of any conflict of interest. The present research was facilitated by a grant from the Research Council of the Catholic University of Louvain to the first and third authors. We express our sincere gratitude to Stéphanie Demoulin, Charles Judd, Nicolas Kervyn, Odile Rohmer, Wojtek Swiatkowski and Julie Terache, for their valuable feedbacks on the earlier version of the paper. We are especially grateful to Adrien Mierop for his help along the research process. We also warmly thanks Geoff Goodwin for providing us the list of traits used in Study 1.
Narrowing down to open up for others: Empathic concern is enhanced by inducing detailed processing
PsycEXTRA Dataset, 2011