JESUS SAIZ GALDOS | Universidad Complutense de Madrid (original) (raw)

Papers by JESUS SAIZ GALDOS

Objective: To analyze the relationship between participation in a drug-Objective: To analyze the ... more Objective: To analyze the relationship between participation in a drug-Objective: To analyze the relationship between participation in a drug-Objective: addiction treatment program and Schwartz's values of Openness to change (Self-direction, Stimulation and Hedonism) and Conservation (Tradition, Conformity and Security) in cocaine users. Method: The Method: The Method: present quasi-experimental study was carried out on a sample of 411 adult cocaine users, grouped according to whether they had begun treatment more than three months earlier or less than three months earlier or they were not receiving any treatment. Using Schwartz's Personal Values Questionnaire (PVQ), we measured the priority given by each of these groups to the values of Conservation and Openness to change. Results: Participants who had initiated the treatment more than Results: Participants who had initiated the treatment more than Results: three months earlier tended to score lower in the values of Openness to change than those who were not in treatment, though there were no significant differences in these values between those who were not in treatment and those who had been in treatment for less than three months. On the other hand, it was observed that participants in treatment, regardless of the time spent in treatment, scored higher in values of Conservation than the cocaine users who were not in treatment. Discussion: These results reveal the relationship between attendance on Discussion: These results reveal the relationship between attendance on Discussion: a cocaine-dependence treatment program and personal values, together with their potential importance in treatment and rehabilitation programs for cocaine users.

Healthcare

In recent years, the literature on the relationship between religion and spirituality (R/S) and t... more In recent years, the literature on the relationship between religion and spirituality (R/S) and the health of cancer patients has been flourishing. Although most studies focus on mental health, many study the physical health of these individuals. In order to summarize the findings of these studies, we reviewed the most recent research on this subject using the PubMed and PsycInfo databases. The objective of this systematic review was to recognize the primary R/S variables studied in research on physical health in cancer contexts. We found that spiritual well-being was the most-researched variable in studies of these characteristics, followed by R/S struggles and other variables such as religious coping; religious commitment or practice; or self-rated R/S. In general, R/S seems to have a positive association with the physical health of cancer patients, although the results are quite heterogeneous, and occasionally there are no relationships or the association is negative. Our results...

Clínica y Salud, 2022

The aim of the current research is trying to fill in the gap that exists in regard with the lack ... more The aim of the current research is trying to fill in the gap that exists in regard with the lack of knowledge about the psychological status of social care professionals who worked in an emergency social service for homeless people during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study measured work sastisfaction, burnout, fatigue, depression, and anxiety symptoms in a sample of 44 Spanish social care professionals who worked in the IFEMA Pabellon 14 Social Emergency Centre for Homeless People in Madrid, Spain. The study was carried out in four measurement moments (between April and May), and results showed that, overall, workers displayed good levels of psychological adaptation to their workplace during the two months and a half that the emergency centre was running, in spite of all the uncertainty and risks existing throughout that time.

Sumario: Definición del negocio -- El mercado -- Análisis interno -- Atractivo del mercado y posi... more Sumario: Definición del negocio -- El mercado -- Análisis interno -- Atractivo del mercado y posición competitiva -- Evaluación de la actuación -- Objetivos y estrategias generales de marketing -- Planes tácticos -- Resultados -- Contingencias

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2000

In two separate studies out-group bias was examined in relationship to personality traits of prej... more In two separate studies out-group bias was examined in relationship to personality traits of prejudice with Gough’s Prejudice/Tolerance (Pr/To) scale and ascribed social group values. In Study 1 conducted with a Chilean sample, results of a hierarchical multiple regression revealed that perceived in-group/out-group value dissimilarity (based on the Schwartz Value Survey) and Pr/To independently predicted negative stereotyping of indigenous Chilean people (Mapuches Indians). In Study 2 findings with a U.S. Asian- Pacific sample indicated that Pr/To and ascription to filial piety predicted anti-Semitic attitudes. In both studies, Pr/To significantly improved the prediction of out-group bias after in-group social values had been accounted for in the regression model.

ISIJ International, 2013

This is a thermal control model that aims to increase sinter process stability and standardize co... more This is a thermal control model that aims to increase sinter process stability and standardize control criteria using the position and temperature of the sintering point or BTP calculated by the model. The process computer sends to the instrumentation setpoints of return fines, strand speed and coke content. The model was successfully tested at the facilities of AM Asturias with contrasted improvements in productivity, cok consumption and quality stability.

Healthcare

Trust in God implies the conviction that God looks after a person’s own interests. The first evid... more Trust in God implies the conviction that God looks after a person’s own interests. The first evidence of a relationship between this construct and people’s psychological and emotional health dates back several centuries. However, the literature on this is limited, especially for people with physical health conditions, such as cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to test the relationships between trust/mistrust in God, social support and emotions in people affected by cancer. The sample consisted of 177 women and men in Spain diagnosed with cancer. The instruments used were the Trust/Mistrust in God Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were performed to compare several explanatory models for the dependent variables: positive and negative emotions. The results show significant relationships between all variables. It was observed that, when trust/...

The longitudinal study took place between March 21 and 29 (first evaluation), between April 13 an... more The longitudinal study took place between March 21 and 29 (first evaluation), between April 13 and 27 (second evaluation) and between May 21 and June 4 (third evaluation). Data was collected online through Google Forms in an attempt to reach the maximum population possible. The first survey consisted of 80 items (15 minutes long). At the end of the questionnaire, a section was included describing the research, as well as the consent form to participate in the study and acceptance of the data protection laws regarding the regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 27 April 2016, on the protection of personal data. Participants were given the possibility of completing the second and third evaluation. Those who agreed received the survey via email during the second and third data collection periods. <strong>Participants</strong> The sample was recruited by sending requests for participation to people belonging to databases of different instit...

Adicciones, 2011

To describe the relationship between personal values and personality traits in cocaine-using pati... more To describe the relationship between personal values and personality traits in cocaine-using patients and analyze their specificity in the explanation of different types of constructs. A study was carried out to explore the association between these variables in a group of 230 patients receiving treatment for cocaine dependence. The Portrait Values Questionnaire was used for measuring personal values, while the Big-Five Factors Questionnaire was used to measure personality traits. In addition, we explored the relationship of values and traits with the variables "degree of satisfaction with life" (life satisfaction) and "belonging to a religious association" (religiosity). A significant association was found between personal values and personality traits. At the same time, their conceptual and empirical differences were revealed, as it was demonstrated that personal values better explain "belonging to a religious association", whilst personality traits b...

Religions

The Latin American immigrant population in Spain is growing year after year. The aim of this stud... more The Latin American immigrant population in Spain is growing year after year. The aim of this study is to describe how religious coping mechanisms, religiosity, acculturation and social support act in the prediction of happiness within the group of Latin American immigrants with Christian beliefs in Spain. Previous studies indicate that religious practice can be a factor that favors the perception of well-being and happiness in people. It is considered that the existence of close sources of support act as a key resource in facing stressful situations. A questionnaire consisting of 36 items was administered to a sample made up of 206 subjects of different Latin American nationalities who were going through a migration process. It was observed that religiosity, social support, religious coping mechanisms and gender were related to the perception of happiness. The results underline the importance of considering religiosity and social support together while intervening to improve the per...

Journal of Public Health Issues and Practices

Background: Chronic stress in Western society may currently be characterized as a public health c... more Background: Chronic stress in Western society may currently be characterized as a public health concern at pandemic levels and may be at risk of crossing a tipping point, as evidenced by major societal unrest. While evolutionarily, activation of the body’s sympathetic nervous system (SNS) exists to protect the individual by triggering the ‘fight or flight’ response, this response has been observed to be chronically occurring in a significant number of individuals in Western society. This chronically stressed physiological state has been linked to numerous physical health problems, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, as well as mental health problems such as depression and anxiety, and behavioral problems such as addictions. When considered in the framework of Systems Theory, the multiple levels of stress – including individual, relationship, and societal levels – may be viewed as interacting and thus compounding features of the system. In this context, this paper also bri...

Healthcare

People diagnosed with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) face multiple vulnerabilities, ... more People diagnosed with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) face multiple vulnerabilities, including when seeking employment. Among SPMI patients, studies show that a stronger sense of spirituality can help to reduce psychotic symptoms, increase social integration, reduce the risk of suicide attempts and promote adherence to psychiatric treatment. This study examined how the variables spirituality and employment affect the recovery process and psychological well-being of people with SPMI who attend employment recovery services. The sample consisted of 64 women and men diagnosed with an SPMI. The assessment instruments included the Recovery Assessment Scale, Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale, Work Motivation Questionnaire, Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy—Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp12). Hierarchical regression analyses were performed to compare three different models for each dependent variable (recovery and psychologic...

Athenea Digital. Revista de pensamiento e investigación social, 2007

Este estudio tiene como objetivo general tratar el tema propuesto por Álvaro y Fernández (2006) e... more Este estudio tiene como objetivo general tratar el tema propuesto por Álvaro y Fernández (2006) en su artículo dedicado a explorar las representaciones sociales de la mujer desde la teoría elaborada por el psicólogo social Serge Moscovici. Volver a analizar un mismo tema pero desde una perspectiva diferente incluye supuestos que, aunque de forma breve, es preciso señalar. Si desde una concepción clásica del positivismo o desde el positivismo lógico, nuestros enunciados deben 132

Intervención Psicosocial, 2008

Psicología Social de la Salud sobre el consumo adictivo de cocaína: un modelo psicosocial sintéti... more Psicología Social de la Salud sobre el consumo adictivo de cocaína: un modelo psicosocial sintético Social Psychology of the Health on the addictive cocaine's consumption: a synthetic psychosocial model JESÚS SAIZ GALDÓS* RESUMEN El consumo de drogas es un problema personal y social que se ha abordado desde numerosos frentes y distintas perspectivas. Los estudios sobre los factores de riesgo y protección en el uso y abuso de drogas son abundantes y, mientras que en un principio los investigadores anteponían unos factores sobre otros, en estos momentos se está optando cada vez más por una perspectiva integral y sintética. Este artículo pretende precisamente presentar la perspectiva psicosocial del problema de la adicción a la cocaína, y parte del supuesto de que la Psicología Social posee una capacidad integrativa privilegiada para ofrecer un modelo de análisis lo suficientemente amplio, dentro del cual pueda ocurrir una convergencia de posturas. En primer lugar, se

Athenea Digital. Revista de pensamiento e investigación social, 2007

Este estudio tiene como objetivo general tratar el tema propuesto por Álvaro y Fernández (2006) e... more Este estudio tiene como objetivo general tratar el tema propuesto por Álvaro y Fernández (2006) en su artículo dedicado a explorar las representaciones sociales de la mujer desde la teoría elaborada por el psicólogo social Serge Moscovici. Volver a analizar un mismo tema pero desde una perspectiva diferente incluye supuestos que, aunque de forma breve, es preciso señalar. Si desde una concepción clásica del positivismo o desde el positivismo lógico, nuestros enunciados deben 132

Religions

Trust/Mistrust in God have turned out to be two constructs that have great relevance in the study... more Trust/Mistrust in God have turned out to be two constructs that have great relevance in the study of the relationship between religion, spirituality, and health. In Spain, there are no instruments adapted to measure trust/mistrust in God, which limits the work of researchers interested in these aspects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to validate the Brief Trust/Mistrust in God Scale (BTMGS) in Spanish. The scale translated into Spanish was applied in a sample of 178 oncologic patients together with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the significant others subscale of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, due to the existing evidence of relationships between the variables evaluated by these measures. Internal consistency, structural validity, convergent and discriminant validity were evaluated. The Spanish adaptation of the BTMGS obtained high internal consistency, both for trust subscale (α = 0.95) and for the mistrust subscale (α = 0.86). ...

Healthcare, 2020

Background: The vulnerability of drug users in treatment increases their risk of social exclusion... more Background: The vulnerability of drug users in treatment increases their risk of social exclusion. Psychosocial interventions aim to solve or minimise this risk, increasing social integration for individuals in treatment. In this study, the effectiveness of various European drug recovery programmes was studied by examining psychosocial intervention groups with vulnerable populations. Methods: Research was conducted utilising qualitative methodology in the following manner: bibliographical review (reports and papers) and 18 interviews with key informants (from nine European countries). Results: Treatment programmes were found to be effective for recovery from opiate use, however, social recovery programmes were not found to be effective. For females in treatment and young drug users, the adequacy of programmes received medium-to-low evaluations. Conclusion: It is necessary to increase the effectiveness of psychosocial intervention in recovery-based programmes. In addition, the releva...

BACKGROUND Stigma and discrimination have been associated with different diseases and pandemics, ... more BACKGROUND Stigma and discrimination have been associated with different diseases and pandemics, with negative consequences for the people who suffered them and for their communities. Currently, COVID-19 has become a new source of stigmatization. AIMS The aim of the present study is to analyze longitudinally the evolution of intersectional perceived discrimination and internalized stigma among the general population of Spain, at three points in time throughout the confinement. METHOD Participants completed an online survey. RESULTS Results show an increase in both variables from the first to the second evaluation, and a slight decrease from the second to the third evaluation. Moreover, these changes are explained by depression, anxiety and family support. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate the factors that need to be considered to reduce the perception of discrimination and the internalization of stigma, and their detrimental consequences, during an especially stressful event such ...

Religion and spirituality (R/S) serve as coping mechanisms for circumstances that threaten people... more Religion and spirituality (R/S) serve as coping mechanisms for circumstances that threaten people’s psychological well-being. However, using R/S inappropriately to deal with difficulties and problems in daily life may include the practice of Spiritual Bypass (SB). SB refers to avoiding addressing emotional problems and trauma, rather than healing and learning from them. On the other hand, coping strategies may be determined by the cultural context. This study aims to describe the presence of SB in individuals who may have experienced stressful situations and to understand the influence of culture on SB by comparing SB in two culturally different groups. The sample consists of a total of 435 people, 262 of Honduran nationality and 173 of Spanish nationality. Both groups are approximately equivalent in age and gender. The degree of SB, stressful events, perception of social support and spiritual well-being are examined, respectively, through the Spiritual Bypass Scale, and specific it...

Objective: To analyze the relationship between participation in a drug-Objective: To analyze the ... more Objective: To analyze the relationship between participation in a drug-Objective: To analyze the relationship between participation in a drug-Objective: addiction treatment program and Schwartz's values of Openness to change (Self-direction, Stimulation and Hedonism) and Conservation (Tradition, Conformity and Security) in cocaine users. Method: The Method: The Method: present quasi-experimental study was carried out on a sample of 411 adult cocaine users, grouped according to whether they had begun treatment more than three months earlier or less than three months earlier or they were not receiving any treatment. Using Schwartz's Personal Values Questionnaire (PVQ), we measured the priority given by each of these groups to the values of Conservation and Openness to change. Results: Participants who had initiated the treatment more than Results: Participants who had initiated the treatment more than Results: three months earlier tended to score lower in the values of Openness to change than those who were not in treatment, though there were no significant differences in these values between those who were not in treatment and those who had been in treatment for less than three months. On the other hand, it was observed that participants in treatment, regardless of the time spent in treatment, scored higher in values of Conservation than the cocaine users who were not in treatment. Discussion: These results reveal the relationship between attendance on Discussion: These results reveal the relationship between attendance on Discussion: a cocaine-dependence treatment program and personal values, together with their potential importance in treatment and rehabilitation programs for cocaine users.

Healthcare

In recent years, the literature on the relationship between religion and spirituality (R/S) and t... more In recent years, the literature on the relationship between religion and spirituality (R/S) and the health of cancer patients has been flourishing. Although most studies focus on mental health, many study the physical health of these individuals. In order to summarize the findings of these studies, we reviewed the most recent research on this subject using the PubMed and PsycInfo databases. The objective of this systematic review was to recognize the primary R/S variables studied in research on physical health in cancer contexts. We found that spiritual well-being was the most-researched variable in studies of these characteristics, followed by R/S struggles and other variables such as religious coping; religious commitment or practice; or self-rated R/S. In general, R/S seems to have a positive association with the physical health of cancer patients, although the results are quite heterogeneous, and occasionally there are no relationships or the association is negative. Our results...

Clínica y Salud, 2022

The aim of the current research is trying to fill in the gap that exists in regard with the lack ... more The aim of the current research is trying to fill in the gap that exists in regard with the lack of knowledge about the psychological status of social care professionals who worked in an emergency social service for homeless people during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study measured work sastisfaction, burnout, fatigue, depression, and anxiety symptoms in a sample of 44 Spanish social care professionals who worked in the IFEMA Pabellon 14 Social Emergency Centre for Homeless People in Madrid, Spain. The study was carried out in four measurement moments (between April and May), and results showed that, overall, workers displayed good levels of psychological adaptation to their workplace during the two months and a half that the emergency centre was running, in spite of all the uncertainty and risks existing throughout that time.

Sumario: Definición del negocio -- El mercado -- Análisis interno -- Atractivo del mercado y posi... more Sumario: Definición del negocio -- El mercado -- Análisis interno -- Atractivo del mercado y posición competitiva -- Evaluación de la actuación -- Objetivos y estrategias generales de marketing -- Planes tácticos -- Resultados -- Contingencias

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2000

In two separate studies out-group bias was examined in relationship to personality traits of prej... more In two separate studies out-group bias was examined in relationship to personality traits of prejudice with Gough’s Prejudice/Tolerance (Pr/To) scale and ascribed social group values. In Study 1 conducted with a Chilean sample, results of a hierarchical multiple regression revealed that perceived in-group/out-group value dissimilarity (based on the Schwartz Value Survey) and Pr/To independently predicted negative stereotyping of indigenous Chilean people (Mapuches Indians). In Study 2 findings with a U.S. Asian- Pacific sample indicated that Pr/To and ascription to filial piety predicted anti-Semitic attitudes. In both studies, Pr/To significantly improved the prediction of out-group bias after in-group social values had been accounted for in the regression model.

ISIJ International, 2013

This is a thermal control model that aims to increase sinter process stability and standardize co... more This is a thermal control model that aims to increase sinter process stability and standardize control criteria using the position and temperature of the sintering point or BTP calculated by the model. The process computer sends to the instrumentation setpoints of return fines, strand speed and coke content. The model was successfully tested at the facilities of AM Asturias with contrasted improvements in productivity, cok consumption and quality stability.

Healthcare

Trust in God implies the conviction that God looks after a person’s own interests. The first evid... more Trust in God implies the conviction that God looks after a person’s own interests. The first evidence of a relationship between this construct and people’s psychological and emotional health dates back several centuries. However, the literature on this is limited, especially for people with physical health conditions, such as cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to test the relationships between trust/mistrust in God, social support and emotions in people affected by cancer. The sample consisted of 177 women and men in Spain diagnosed with cancer. The instruments used were the Trust/Mistrust in God Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were performed to compare several explanatory models for the dependent variables: positive and negative emotions. The results show significant relationships between all variables. It was observed that, when trust/...

The longitudinal study took place between March 21 and 29 (first evaluation), between April 13 an... more The longitudinal study took place between March 21 and 29 (first evaluation), between April 13 and 27 (second evaluation) and between May 21 and June 4 (third evaluation). Data was collected online through Google Forms in an attempt to reach the maximum population possible. The first survey consisted of 80 items (15 minutes long). At the end of the questionnaire, a section was included describing the research, as well as the consent form to participate in the study and acceptance of the data protection laws regarding the regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 27 April 2016, on the protection of personal data. Participants were given the possibility of completing the second and third evaluation. Those who agreed received the survey via email during the second and third data collection periods. <strong>Participants</strong> The sample was recruited by sending requests for participation to people belonging to databases of different instit...

Adicciones, 2011

To describe the relationship between personal values and personality traits in cocaine-using pati... more To describe the relationship between personal values and personality traits in cocaine-using patients and analyze their specificity in the explanation of different types of constructs. A study was carried out to explore the association between these variables in a group of 230 patients receiving treatment for cocaine dependence. The Portrait Values Questionnaire was used for measuring personal values, while the Big-Five Factors Questionnaire was used to measure personality traits. In addition, we explored the relationship of values and traits with the variables "degree of satisfaction with life" (life satisfaction) and "belonging to a religious association" (religiosity). A significant association was found between personal values and personality traits. At the same time, their conceptual and empirical differences were revealed, as it was demonstrated that personal values better explain "belonging to a religious association", whilst personality traits b...

Religions

The Latin American immigrant population in Spain is growing year after year. The aim of this stud... more The Latin American immigrant population in Spain is growing year after year. The aim of this study is to describe how religious coping mechanisms, religiosity, acculturation and social support act in the prediction of happiness within the group of Latin American immigrants with Christian beliefs in Spain. Previous studies indicate that religious practice can be a factor that favors the perception of well-being and happiness in people. It is considered that the existence of close sources of support act as a key resource in facing stressful situations. A questionnaire consisting of 36 items was administered to a sample made up of 206 subjects of different Latin American nationalities who were going through a migration process. It was observed that religiosity, social support, religious coping mechanisms and gender were related to the perception of happiness. The results underline the importance of considering religiosity and social support together while intervening to improve the per...

Journal of Public Health Issues and Practices

Background: Chronic stress in Western society may currently be characterized as a public health c... more Background: Chronic stress in Western society may currently be characterized as a public health concern at pandemic levels and may be at risk of crossing a tipping point, as evidenced by major societal unrest. While evolutionarily, activation of the body’s sympathetic nervous system (SNS) exists to protect the individual by triggering the ‘fight or flight’ response, this response has been observed to be chronically occurring in a significant number of individuals in Western society. This chronically stressed physiological state has been linked to numerous physical health problems, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, as well as mental health problems such as depression and anxiety, and behavioral problems such as addictions. When considered in the framework of Systems Theory, the multiple levels of stress – including individual, relationship, and societal levels – may be viewed as interacting and thus compounding features of the system. In this context, this paper also bri...

Healthcare

People diagnosed with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) face multiple vulnerabilities, ... more People diagnosed with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) face multiple vulnerabilities, including when seeking employment. Among SPMI patients, studies show that a stronger sense of spirituality can help to reduce psychotic symptoms, increase social integration, reduce the risk of suicide attempts and promote adherence to psychiatric treatment. This study examined how the variables spirituality and employment affect the recovery process and psychological well-being of people with SPMI who attend employment recovery services. The sample consisted of 64 women and men diagnosed with an SPMI. The assessment instruments included the Recovery Assessment Scale, Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale, Work Motivation Questionnaire, Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy—Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp12). Hierarchical regression analyses were performed to compare three different models for each dependent variable (recovery and psychologic...

Athenea Digital. Revista de pensamiento e investigación social, 2007

Este estudio tiene como objetivo general tratar el tema propuesto por Álvaro y Fernández (2006) e... more Este estudio tiene como objetivo general tratar el tema propuesto por Álvaro y Fernández (2006) en su artículo dedicado a explorar las representaciones sociales de la mujer desde la teoría elaborada por el psicólogo social Serge Moscovici. Volver a analizar un mismo tema pero desde una perspectiva diferente incluye supuestos que, aunque de forma breve, es preciso señalar. Si desde una concepción clásica del positivismo o desde el positivismo lógico, nuestros enunciados deben 132

Intervención Psicosocial, 2008

Psicología Social de la Salud sobre el consumo adictivo de cocaína: un modelo psicosocial sintéti... more Psicología Social de la Salud sobre el consumo adictivo de cocaína: un modelo psicosocial sintético Social Psychology of the Health on the addictive cocaine's consumption: a synthetic psychosocial model JESÚS SAIZ GALDÓS* RESUMEN El consumo de drogas es un problema personal y social que se ha abordado desde numerosos frentes y distintas perspectivas. Los estudios sobre los factores de riesgo y protección en el uso y abuso de drogas son abundantes y, mientras que en un principio los investigadores anteponían unos factores sobre otros, en estos momentos se está optando cada vez más por una perspectiva integral y sintética. Este artículo pretende precisamente presentar la perspectiva psicosocial del problema de la adicción a la cocaína, y parte del supuesto de que la Psicología Social posee una capacidad integrativa privilegiada para ofrecer un modelo de análisis lo suficientemente amplio, dentro del cual pueda ocurrir una convergencia de posturas. En primer lugar, se

Athenea Digital. Revista de pensamiento e investigación social, 2007

Este estudio tiene como objetivo general tratar el tema propuesto por Álvaro y Fernández (2006) e... more Este estudio tiene como objetivo general tratar el tema propuesto por Álvaro y Fernández (2006) en su artículo dedicado a explorar las representaciones sociales de la mujer desde la teoría elaborada por el psicólogo social Serge Moscovici. Volver a analizar un mismo tema pero desde una perspectiva diferente incluye supuestos que, aunque de forma breve, es preciso señalar. Si desde una concepción clásica del positivismo o desde el positivismo lógico, nuestros enunciados deben 132

Religions

Trust/Mistrust in God have turned out to be two constructs that have great relevance in the study... more Trust/Mistrust in God have turned out to be two constructs that have great relevance in the study of the relationship between religion, spirituality, and health. In Spain, there are no instruments adapted to measure trust/mistrust in God, which limits the work of researchers interested in these aspects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to validate the Brief Trust/Mistrust in God Scale (BTMGS) in Spanish. The scale translated into Spanish was applied in a sample of 178 oncologic patients together with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the significant others subscale of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, due to the existing evidence of relationships between the variables evaluated by these measures. Internal consistency, structural validity, convergent and discriminant validity were evaluated. The Spanish adaptation of the BTMGS obtained high internal consistency, both for trust subscale (α = 0.95) and for the mistrust subscale (α = 0.86). ...

Healthcare, 2020

Background: The vulnerability of drug users in treatment increases their risk of social exclusion... more Background: The vulnerability of drug users in treatment increases their risk of social exclusion. Psychosocial interventions aim to solve or minimise this risk, increasing social integration for individuals in treatment. In this study, the effectiveness of various European drug recovery programmes was studied by examining psychosocial intervention groups with vulnerable populations. Methods: Research was conducted utilising qualitative methodology in the following manner: bibliographical review (reports and papers) and 18 interviews with key informants (from nine European countries). Results: Treatment programmes were found to be effective for recovery from opiate use, however, social recovery programmes were not found to be effective. For females in treatment and young drug users, the adequacy of programmes received medium-to-low evaluations. Conclusion: It is necessary to increase the effectiveness of psychosocial intervention in recovery-based programmes. In addition, the releva...

BACKGROUND Stigma and discrimination have been associated with different diseases and pandemics, ... more BACKGROUND Stigma and discrimination have been associated with different diseases and pandemics, with negative consequences for the people who suffered them and for their communities. Currently, COVID-19 has become a new source of stigmatization. AIMS The aim of the present study is to analyze longitudinally the evolution of intersectional perceived discrimination and internalized stigma among the general population of Spain, at three points in time throughout the confinement. METHOD Participants completed an online survey. RESULTS Results show an increase in both variables from the first to the second evaluation, and a slight decrease from the second to the third evaluation. Moreover, these changes are explained by depression, anxiety and family support. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate the factors that need to be considered to reduce the perception of discrimination and the internalization of stigma, and their detrimental consequences, during an especially stressful event such ...

Religion and spirituality (R/S) serve as coping mechanisms for circumstances that threaten people... more Religion and spirituality (R/S) serve as coping mechanisms for circumstances that threaten people’s psychological well-being. However, using R/S inappropriately to deal with difficulties and problems in daily life may include the practice of Spiritual Bypass (SB). SB refers to avoiding addressing emotional problems and trauma, rather than healing and learning from them. On the other hand, coping strategies may be determined by the cultural context. This study aims to describe the presence of SB in individuals who may have experienced stressful situations and to understand the influence of culture on SB by comparing SB in two culturally different groups. The sample consists of a total of 435 people, 262 of Honduran nationality and 173 of Spanish nationality. Both groups are approximately equivalent in age and gender. The degree of SB, stressful events, perception of social support and spiritual well-being are examined, respectively, through the Spiritual Bypass Scale, and specific it...