Mati Kahru | University of California, San Diego (original) (raw)
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To better understand the role played by cetaceans as top-level predators in the California Curren... more To better understand the role played by cetaceans as top-level predators in the California Current ecosystem, we estimate the fraction of annual net primary production (NPP) required to support the prey consumed by cetaceans, using a simple trophic transfer model. The biomass of cetacean species in the California Current is calculated as the product of their mean summer and fall abundance during 1991 to 2005 and estimates of mean mass ind. -1 . Total prey consumption by cetaceans is estimated from a mass-specific consumption model. NPP is estimated from remote satellite measurements using the Behrenfeld-Falkowski vertically-generalized production model for each of 4 geographic regions. The total biomass of baleen whales exceeds the biomass of toothed whales by a factor of ~2.5; however, the estimated prey consumption by these taxa is nearly equal. Assuming 10% trophic transfer efficiency, cetaceans are estimated to require 32.2 g C m -2 yr -1 of primary production, or ~12% of the NPP in the study area, to sustain the prey that they directly consume. Because they feed at a lower trophic level, the primary production requirement (PPR) of baleen whales is 13% of that of toothed whales, despite their 2.5-fold greater biomass. Uncertainty in trophic transfer efficiency results in the greatest uncertainty in estimating PPR for these upper trophic predators.
Journal of …, Jan 1, 1998
SeaWiFS postlaunch …, Jan 1, 2000
This chapter describes the revisions (version 4) to the ocean chlorophyll two-and four-band algor... more This chapter describes the revisions (version 4) to the ocean chlorophyll two-and four-band algorithms as well as the very large in situ data set used to update these algorithms for use in the third reprocessing of SeaWiFS data. The in situ data set is substantially larger (N = 2,853) than was used to develop earlier versions of OC2 and OC4, includes samples from a greater variety of bio-optical provinces, and better represents oligotrophic and eutrophic waters. The correlation between chlorophyll a concentration, C a , estimated using OC4 and in situ C a (C a ) estimated from fluorometric and HPLC analyses was slightly higher than that for OC2. Also, OC4 would be expected to perform better than OC2, when applied to satellite-derived, water-leaving radiances retrieved from oligotrophic and eutrophic areas. Variations of the OC4 algorithm are provided for other ocean color sensors to facilitate comparisons with SeaWiFS.
Ambio. Stockholm, Jan 1, 1994
Journal of Geophysical Research, Jan 1, 1998
Geophysical Research Letters, Jan 1, 2000
Journal of Geophysical Research, Jan 1, 2001
Monitoring algal blooms: new techniques for detecting …, Jan 1, 1997
California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries …, Jan 1, 1998
Investigaciones marinas, Jan 1, 2002
Deep Sea Research …, Jan 1, 2004
Deep Sea Research …, Jan 1, 2004
EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, Jan 1, 2008
Journal of Geophysical …, Jan 1, 1991
J. Geophys. Res, Jan 1, 2009
Applied …, Jan 1, 2005
Quantitative assessment of the UV effects on aquatic ecosystems requires an estimate of the in-wa... more Quantitative assessment of the UV effects on aquatic ecosystems requires an estimate of the in-water radiation field. Actual ocean UV reflectances are needed for improving the total ozone retrievals from the total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) and the ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) flown on NASA's Aura satellite. The estimate of underwater UV radiation can be done on the basis of measurements from the TOMS͞OMI and full models of radiative transfer (RT) in the atmosphere-ocean system. The Hydrolight code, modified for extension to the UV, is used for the generation of look-up tables for in-water irradiances. A look-up table for surface radiances generated with a full RT code is input for the Hydrolight simulations. A model of seawater inherent optical properties (IOPs) is an extension of the Case 1 water model to the UV. A new element of the IOP model is parameterization of particulate matter absorption based on recent in situ data. A chlorophyll product from ocean color sensors is input for the IOP model. Verification of the in-water computational scheme shows that the calculated diffuse attenuation coefficient K d is in good agreement with the measured K d .
To better understand the role played by cetaceans as top-level predators in the California Curren... more To better understand the role played by cetaceans as top-level predators in the California Current ecosystem, we estimate the fraction of annual net primary production (NPP) required to support the prey consumed by cetaceans, using a simple trophic transfer model. The biomass of cetacean species in the California Current is calculated as the product of their mean summer and fall abundance during 1991 to 2005 and estimates of mean mass ind. -1 . Total prey consumption by cetaceans is estimated from a mass-specific consumption model. NPP is estimated from remote satellite measurements using the Behrenfeld-Falkowski vertically-generalized production model for each of 4 geographic regions. The total biomass of baleen whales exceeds the biomass of toothed whales by a factor of ~2.5; however, the estimated prey consumption by these taxa is nearly equal. Assuming 10% trophic transfer efficiency, cetaceans are estimated to require 32.2 g C m -2 yr -1 of primary production, or ~12% of the NPP in the study area, to sustain the prey that they directly consume. Because they feed at a lower trophic level, the primary production requirement (PPR) of baleen whales is 13% of that of toothed whales, despite their 2.5-fold greater biomass. Uncertainty in trophic transfer efficiency results in the greatest uncertainty in estimating PPR for these upper trophic predators.
Journal of …, Jan 1, 1998
SeaWiFS postlaunch …, Jan 1, 2000
This chapter describes the revisions (version 4) to the ocean chlorophyll two-and four-band algor... more This chapter describes the revisions (version 4) to the ocean chlorophyll two-and four-band algorithms as well as the very large in situ data set used to update these algorithms for use in the third reprocessing of SeaWiFS data. The in situ data set is substantially larger (N = 2,853) than was used to develop earlier versions of OC2 and OC4, includes samples from a greater variety of bio-optical provinces, and better represents oligotrophic and eutrophic waters. The correlation between chlorophyll a concentration, C a , estimated using OC4 and in situ C a (C a ) estimated from fluorometric and HPLC analyses was slightly higher than that for OC2. Also, OC4 would be expected to perform better than OC2, when applied to satellite-derived, water-leaving radiances retrieved from oligotrophic and eutrophic areas. Variations of the OC4 algorithm are provided for other ocean color sensors to facilitate comparisons with SeaWiFS.
Ambio. Stockholm, Jan 1, 1994
Journal of Geophysical Research, Jan 1, 1998
Geophysical Research Letters, Jan 1, 2000
Journal of Geophysical Research, Jan 1, 2001
Monitoring algal blooms: new techniques for detecting …, Jan 1, 1997
California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries …, Jan 1, 1998
Investigaciones marinas, Jan 1, 2002
Deep Sea Research …, Jan 1, 2004
Deep Sea Research …, Jan 1, 2004
EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, Jan 1, 2008
Journal of Geophysical …, Jan 1, 1991
J. Geophys. Res, Jan 1, 2009
Applied …, Jan 1, 2005
Quantitative assessment of the UV effects on aquatic ecosystems requires an estimate of the in-wa... more Quantitative assessment of the UV effects on aquatic ecosystems requires an estimate of the in-water radiation field. Actual ocean UV reflectances are needed for improving the total ozone retrievals from the total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) and the ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) flown on NASA's Aura satellite. The estimate of underwater UV radiation can be done on the basis of measurements from the TOMS͞OMI and full models of radiative transfer (RT) in the atmosphere-ocean system. The Hydrolight code, modified for extension to the UV, is used for the generation of look-up tables for in-water irradiances. A look-up table for surface radiances generated with a full RT code is input for the Hydrolight simulations. A model of seawater inherent optical properties (IOPs) is an extension of the Case 1 water model to the UV. A new element of the IOP model is parameterization of particulate matter absorption based on recent in situ data. A chlorophyll product from ocean color sensors is input for the IOP model. Verification of the in-water computational scheme shows that the calculated diffuse attenuation coefficient K d is in good agreement with the measured K d .