Daniel Kramer | University of Dayton (original) (raw)

Papers by Daniel Kramer

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Sintering Parameters and Composition on the Resistivity of a Cermet Used as an Electrical Feedthrough

Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, 1982

ABSTRACT The improvement of the electrical characteristics of an Al2O3/Mo cermet presently used a... more ABSTRACT The improvement of the electrical characteristics of an Al2O3/Mo cermet presently used as an electrical feedthrough was demonstrated. Samples of 50 wt% Al2O3/50 wt% Mo cermets were fabricated using 99% Al2O3, 94% Al2O3, and 91% Al2O3. Sintering was performed at 1400°, 1500°, or 1600°C using three different H2 dew points (–4°, –10°, and +25°C). After sintering, the resistivity of the cermet samples was measured by using a four-point-probe technique. The results show that the resistivity of the cermet decreased significantly as the purity of the Al2O3 used in the cermet decreased from 99% to 91% Al2O3.

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Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of the Effect of Time, Temperature, and Fuel Age on Helium Release from 238-Plutonium Dioxide Fuel

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2005

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Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of the Presence of 2 wt% Hafnium in T-111

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2006

Tantalum alloys have been used by the U.S. Department of Energy as structural alloys for space nu... more Tantalum alloys have been used by the U.S. Department of Energy as structural alloys for space nuclear power systems such as Radioisotopic Thermoelectric Generators (RTG) since the 1960s. Tantalum alloys are attractive for high temperature structural applications due to their high melting point, excellent formability, good thermal conductivity, good ductility (even at low temperatures), corrosion resistance, and weldability. A number

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Research paper thumbnail of Thermal emittance measurements on candidate refractory materials for application in nuclear space power systems

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2001

Thermal emittance measurements on candidate refractory materials for application in nuclear space... more Thermal emittance measurements on candidate refractory materials for application in nuclear space power systems. [AIP Conference Proceedings 552, 979 (2001)]. Daniel P. Kramer, Donald A. Jaworske, James R. McDougal ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of molybdenum-44.5%rhenium as cell wall material in an AMTEC based space power system

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2000

Investigation of molybdenum-44.5%rhenium as cell wall material in an AMTEC based space power syst... more Investigation of molybdenum-44.5%rhenium as cell wall material in an AMTEC based space power system. [AIP Conference Proceedings 504, 1402 (2000)]. Daniel P. Kramer, Joe D. Ruhkamp, Dennis C. McNeil, Edwin I. Howell ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Measurement Techniques for Determining the Thermal Emittance of Coupons at Elevated Temperatures

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2003

Comparison of Measurement Techniques for Determining the Thermal Emittance of Coupons at Elevated... more Comparison of Measurement Techniques for Determining the Thermal Emittance of Coupons at Elevated Temperatures. [AIP Conference Proceedings 654, 715 (2003)]. Daniel P. Kramer, Roger G. Miller, Edwin I. Howell, Donald A. Jaworske, Kenneth E. Wilkes. Abstract. ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Property comparisons of commercially available silica-based microporous insulations I. Machinability and thermal dimensional stability

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2002

Property comparisons of commercially available silica-based microporous insulations I. Machinabil... more Property comparisons of commercially available silica-based microporous insulations I. Machinability and thermal dimensional stability. [AIP Conference Proceedings 608, 956 (2002)]. Daniel P. Kramer, Dennis C. McNeil, Joseph ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Dew point/temperature curves for selected metal/metal oxide systems in hydrogen atmospheres

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Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of Effects of Neutron Irradiation on Tantalum Alloys for Radioisotope Power System Applications

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2007

Page 1. Investigation of Effects of Neutron Irradiation on Tantalum Alloys for Radioisotope Power... more Page 1. Investigation of Effects of Neutron Irradiation on Tantalum Alloys for Radioisotope Power System Applications Chadwick D. Barklay1, Daniel P. Kramer1 and Joseph Talnagi2 1University of Dayton Research Institute, 300 ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Effect of sintering parameters and composition on the resistivity of a cermet used as an electrical feedthrough

ABSTRACT The improvement of the electrical characteristics of an Al2O3/Mo cermet presently used a... more ABSTRACT The improvement of the electrical characteristics of an Al2O3/Mo cermet presently used as an electrical feedthrough was demonstrated. Samples of 50 wt% Al2O3/50 wt% Mo cermets were fabricated using 99% Al2O3, 94% Al2O3, and 91% Al2O3. Sintering was performed at 1400°, 1500°, or 1600°C using three different H2 dew points (–4°, –10°, and +25°C). After sintering, the resistivity of the cermet samples was measured by using a four-point-probe technique. The results show that the resistivity of the cermet decreased significantly as the purity of the Al2O3 used in the cermet decreased from 99% to 91% Al2O3.

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Research paper thumbnail of Production of glass or glass-ceramic to metal seals with the application of pressure

This patent describes a process for preparing a glass or glass-ceramic to metal seal comprising c... more This patent describes a process for preparing a glass or glass-ceramic to metal seal comprising contacting the glass with the metal and heat-treating the glass and metal under conditions whereby the glass to metal seal is effected and, optionally, the glass is converted to a glass-ceramic. The improvement comprises carrying out the heat-treating step under hot isostatic pressing and using

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Research paper thumbnail of Oxygen exchange reaction kinetics for cerium(IV) oxide at 1000°C

Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2014

ABSTRACT Bulk oxygen exchange rate kinetics on CeO2 at 1000 degrees C were observed to have a fir... more ABSTRACT Bulk oxygen exchange rate kinetics on CeO2 at 1000 degrees C were observed to have a first order dependence on the fraction of reaction remaining and to be independent of oxygen partial pressure, total pressure, particle size, and specific surface area. This suggests that the exchange reaction is dominated by an internal chemical reaction that is occurring throughout the bulk of the material, and not at the material surface. Oxygen exchange rates were limited by this internal chemical reaction for all CeO2 powders studied (15 nm to -325 mesh), and had a rate constant of 1.19 x 10(-2) s(-1) with a time to completion of 617 s. These results are similar to the exchange rates observed previously on PuO2, suggesting that oxygen exchange on PuO2 may also be dominated by an internal chemical reaction under similar conditions. This work will help guide future experiments on (PuO2)-Pu-238 oxygen exchange reactions.

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Research paper thumbnail of Materials Technology Support for Radioisotope Power Systems Final Report

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Research paper thumbnail of Mechanisms and kinetics of the oxygen exchange reaction with CeO2 at high temperatures

Solid State Ionics, 2015

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Research paper thumbnail of Mechanical Testing Studies on Niobium-1%zirconium in Association with Its Application as Cell Wall Material in an AMTEC Based Radioisotope Space Power System

SAE Technical Paper Series, 1999

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Research paper thumbnail of Method of making an integral window hermetic fiber optic component

In the fabrication of igniters, actuators, detonators, and other pyrotechnic devices to be activa... more In the fabrication of igniters, actuators, detonators, and other pyrotechnic devices to be activated by a laser beam, an integral optical glass window is formed by placing a preform in the structural member of the device and then melting the glass and sealing it in place by heating at a temperature between the ceramming temperature of the glass and the melting point of the metal, followed by rapid furnace cooling to avoid devitrification. No other sealing material is needed to achieve hermeticity. A preferred embodiment of this type of device is fabricated by allowing the molten glass to flow further and form a plano-convex lens integral with and at the bottom of the window. The lens functions to decrease the beam divergence caused by refraction of the laser light passing through the window when the device is fired by means of a laser beam.

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Research paper thumbnail of Ni3Nb alloy species in oxide surfaces of INCONEL 718

Metallurgical Transactions A, 1986

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Research paper thumbnail of Evidence for Diffusion of Zerovalent Metal Atoms during Glass/Metal Sealing

Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1985

Page 1. C-298 Communications of the American Ceramic Society November 1985 J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68... more Page 1. C-298 Communications of the American Ceramic Society November 1985 J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68 [ll] C-298-C-300 (1985) Evidence for Diffusion of Zerovalent Metal Atoms during Glass/Metal Sealing WILLIAM E. MODDEMAN ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Integral window hermetic fiber optic components

In the fabrication of igniters, actuators, detonators, and other pyrotechnic devices to be activa... more In the fabrication of igniters, actuators, detonators, and other pyrotechnic devices to be activated by a laser beam, an integral optical glass window is formed by placing a preform in the structural member of the device and then melting the glass and sealing it in place by heating at a ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Evidence for diffusion of zerovalent metal atoms during glass/metal sealing

Journal of the American …, 1985

Page 1. C-298 Communications of the American Ceramic Society November 1985 J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68... more Page 1. C-298 Communications of the American Ceramic Society November 1985 J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68 [ll] C-298-C-300 (1985) Evidence for Diffusion of Zerovalent Metal Atoms during Glass/Metal Sealing WILLIAM E. MODDEMAN ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Sintering Parameters and Composition on the Resistivity of a Cermet Used as an Electrical Feedthrough

Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, 1982

ABSTRACT The improvement of the electrical characteristics of an Al2O3/Mo cermet presently used a... more ABSTRACT The improvement of the electrical characteristics of an Al2O3/Mo cermet presently used as an electrical feedthrough was demonstrated. Samples of 50 wt% Al2O3/50 wt% Mo cermets were fabricated using 99% Al2O3, 94% Al2O3, and 91% Al2O3. Sintering was performed at 1400°, 1500°, or 1600°C using three different H2 dew points (–4°, –10°, and +25°C). After sintering, the resistivity of the cermet samples was measured by using a four-point-probe technique. The results show that the resistivity of the cermet decreased significantly as the purity of the Al2O3 used in the cermet decreased from 99% to 91% Al2O3.

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Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of the Effect of Time, Temperature, and Fuel Age on Helium Release from 238-Plutonium Dioxide Fuel

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2005

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of the Presence of 2 wt% Hafnium in T-111

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2006

Tantalum alloys have been used by the U.S. Department of Energy as structural alloys for space nu... more Tantalum alloys have been used by the U.S. Department of Energy as structural alloys for space nuclear power systems such as Radioisotopic Thermoelectric Generators (RTG) since the 1960s. Tantalum alloys are attractive for high temperature structural applications due to their high melting point, excellent formability, good thermal conductivity, good ductility (even at low temperatures), corrosion resistance, and weldability. A number

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Research paper thumbnail of Thermal emittance measurements on candidate refractory materials for application in nuclear space power systems

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2001

Thermal emittance measurements on candidate refractory materials for application in nuclear space... more Thermal emittance measurements on candidate refractory materials for application in nuclear space power systems. [AIP Conference Proceedings 552, 979 (2001)]. Daniel P. Kramer, Donald A. Jaworske, James R. McDougal ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of molybdenum-44.5%rhenium as cell wall material in an AMTEC based space power system

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2000

Investigation of molybdenum-44.5%rhenium as cell wall material in an AMTEC based space power syst... more Investigation of molybdenum-44.5%rhenium as cell wall material in an AMTEC based space power system. [AIP Conference Proceedings 504, 1402 (2000)]. Daniel P. Kramer, Joe D. Ruhkamp, Dennis C. McNeil, Edwin I. Howell ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Measurement Techniques for Determining the Thermal Emittance of Coupons at Elevated Temperatures

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2003

Comparison of Measurement Techniques for Determining the Thermal Emittance of Coupons at Elevated... more Comparison of Measurement Techniques for Determining the Thermal Emittance of Coupons at Elevated Temperatures. [AIP Conference Proceedings 654, 715 (2003)]. Daniel P. Kramer, Roger G. Miller, Edwin I. Howell, Donald A. Jaworske, Kenneth E. Wilkes. Abstract. ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Property comparisons of commercially available silica-based microporous insulations I. Machinability and thermal dimensional stability

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2002

Property comparisons of commercially available silica-based microporous insulations I. Machinabil... more Property comparisons of commercially available silica-based microporous insulations I. Machinability and thermal dimensional stability. [AIP Conference Proceedings 608, 956 (2002)]. Daniel P. Kramer, Dennis C. McNeil, Joseph ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Dew point/temperature curves for selected metal/metal oxide systems in hydrogen atmospheres

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of Effects of Neutron Irradiation on Tantalum Alloys for Radioisotope Power System Applications

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2007

Page 1. Investigation of Effects of Neutron Irradiation on Tantalum Alloys for Radioisotope Power... more Page 1. Investigation of Effects of Neutron Irradiation on Tantalum Alloys for Radioisotope Power System Applications Chadwick D. Barklay1, Daniel P. Kramer1 and Joseph Talnagi2 1University of Dayton Research Institute, 300 ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Effect of sintering parameters and composition on the resistivity of a cermet used as an electrical feedthrough

ABSTRACT The improvement of the electrical characteristics of an Al2O3/Mo cermet presently used a... more ABSTRACT The improvement of the electrical characteristics of an Al2O3/Mo cermet presently used as an electrical feedthrough was demonstrated. Samples of 50 wt% Al2O3/50 wt% Mo cermets were fabricated using 99% Al2O3, 94% Al2O3, and 91% Al2O3. Sintering was performed at 1400°, 1500°, or 1600°C using three different H2 dew points (–4°, –10°, and +25°C). After sintering, the resistivity of the cermet samples was measured by using a four-point-probe technique. The results show that the resistivity of the cermet decreased significantly as the purity of the Al2O3 used in the cermet decreased from 99% to 91% Al2O3.

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Research paper thumbnail of Production of glass or glass-ceramic to metal seals with the application of pressure

This patent describes a process for preparing a glass or glass-ceramic to metal seal comprising c... more This patent describes a process for preparing a glass or glass-ceramic to metal seal comprising contacting the glass with the metal and heat-treating the glass and metal under conditions whereby the glass to metal seal is effected and, optionally, the glass is converted to a glass-ceramic. The improvement comprises carrying out the heat-treating step under hot isostatic pressing and using

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Research paper thumbnail of Oxygen exchange reaction kinetics for cerium(IV) oxide at 1000°C

Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2014

ABSTRACT Bulk oxygen exchange rate kinetics on CeO2 at 1000 degrees C were observed to have a fir... more ABSTRACT Bulk oxygen exchange rate kinetics on CeO2 at 1000 degrees C were observed to have a first order dependence on the fraction of reaction remaining and to be independent of oxygen partial pressure, total pressure, particle size, and specific surface area. This suggests that the exchange reaction is dominated by an internal chemical reaction that is occurring throughout the bulk of the material, and not at the material surface. Oxygen exchange rates were limited by this internal chemical reaction for all CeO2 powders studied (15 nm to -325 mesh), and had a rate constant of 1.19 x 10(-2) s(-1) with a time to completion of 617 s. These results are similar to the exchange rates observed previously on PuO2, suggesting that oxygen exchange on PuO2 may also be dominated by an internal chemical reaction under similar conditions. This work will help guide future experiments on (PuO2)-Pu-238 oxygen exchange reactions.

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Research paper thumbnail of Materials Technology Support for Radioisotope Power Systems Final Report

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Mechanisms and kinetics of the oxygen exchange reaction with CeO2 at high temperatures

Solid State Ionics, 2015

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Mechanical Testing Studies on Niobium-1%zirconium in Association with Its Application as Cell Wall Material in an AMTEC Based Radioisotope Space Power System

SAE Technical Paper Series, 1999

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Method of making an integral window hermetic fiber optic component

In the fabrication of igniters, actuators, detonators, and other pyrotechnic devices to be activa... more In the fabrication of igniters, actuators, detonators, and other pyrotechnic devices to be activated by a laser beam, an integral optical glass window is formed by placing a preform in the structural member of the device and then melting the glass and sealing it in place by heating at a temperature between the ceramming temperature of the glass and the melting point of the metal, followed by rapid furnace cooling to avoid devitrification. No other sealing material is needed to achieve hermeticity. A preferred embodiment of this type of device is fabricated by allowing the molten glass to flow further and form a plano-convex lens integral with and at the bottom of the window. The lens functions to decrease the beam divergence caused by refraction of the laser light passing through the window when the device is fired by means of a laser beam.

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Research paper thumbnail of Ni3Nb alloy species in oxide surfaces of INCONEL 718

Metallurgical Transactions A, 1986

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Evidence for Diffusion of Zerovalent Metal Atoms during Glass/Metal Sealing

Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1985

Page 1. C-298 Communications of the American Ceramic Society November 1985 J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68... more Page 1. C-298 Communications of the American Ceramic Society November 1985 J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68 [ll] C-298-C-300 (1985) Evidence for Diffusion of Zerovalent Metal Atoms during Glass/Metal Sealing WILLIAM E. MODDEMAN ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Integral window hermetic fiber optic components

In the fabrication of igniters, actuators, detonators, and other pyrotechnic devices to be activa... more In the fabrication of igniters, actuators, detonators, and other pyrotechnic devices to be activated by a laser beam, an integral optical glass window is formed by placing a preform in the structural member of the device and then melting the glass and sealing it in place by heating at a ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Evidence for diffusion of zerovalent metal atoms during glass/metal sealing

Journal of the American …, 1985

Page 1. C-298 Communications of the American Ceramic Society November 1985 J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68... more Page 1. C-298 Communications of the American Ceramic Society November 1985 J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 68 [ll] C-298-C-300 (1985) Evidence for Diffusion of Zerovalent Metal Atoms during Glass/Metal Sealing WILLIAM E. MODDEMAN ...

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