Cassandra Kirsch | University of Denver (original) (raw)

Cassandra Kirsch

Address: Denver, Colorado, United States

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Papers by Cassandra Kirsch

Research paper thumbnail of Grey Hat Hacking: Reconciling Law with Cyber Reality

Northern Kentucky Law Review (Fall 2014), Nov 2014

Research paper thumbnail of SCIENCE FICTION NO MORE: CYBER WARFARE AND THE UNITED STATES

Denver Journal of International Law and Policy , Sep 2012

Faced with the increased propensity for cyber tools to damage state computer networks and power g... more Faced with the increased propensity for cyber tools to damage state computer networks and power grids with the click of a mouse, politicians and academics from around the world have called for the creation of a Geneva Convention equivalent in cyberspace. Yet, members of United Nations Security Council continue to disagree as to what cyber activities might rise to the level of an armed attack under the existing Law of Armed Conflict. Activities once limited to cyber espionage, and outside the reach of international law, are now the very same tools utilized in cyber operations to disable state communications and wreak havoc on state infrastructure. Wars, traditionally waged between nations and clearly defined groups, can now be fought behind the veil of anonymity inherent of the Internet. While acts of war have yet to happen openly on the Internet, accusations have already been made against Russia for the 2007 cyber attacks on Estonia and against Israel for the Stuxnet worm unleashed on Iran’s nuclear reactors. Just as aerial bombing and nuclear arms revolutionized the battlefield, cyber attacks, and the mechanisms behind them, stand poised as the next evolution in weapons of war and any multilateral treaty must take these facts into consideration.

Research paper thumbnail of Cyber Security: Pay Now or Pay Later

State Legislatures Magazine, Jul 2013

Conference Presentations by Cassandra Kirsch

Research paper thumbnail of Grey Hat Hacking: Reconciling Law and Cyber Reality

Research paper thumbnail of Grey Hat Hacking: Reconciling Law with Cyber Reality

Northern Kentucky Law Review (Fall 2014), Nov 2014

Research paper thumbnail of SCIENCE FICTION NO MORE: CYBER WARFARE AND THE UNITED STATES

Denver Journal of International Law and Policy , Sep 2012

Faced with the increased propensity for cyber tools to damage state computer networks and power g... more Faced with the increased propensity for cyber tools to damage state computer networks and power grids with the click of a mouse, politicians and academics from around the world have called for the creation of a Geneva Convention equivalent in cyberspace. Yet, members of United Nations Security Council continue to disagree as to what cyber activities might rise to the level of an armed attack under the existing Law of Armed Conflict. Activities once limited to cyber espionage, and outside the reach of international law, are now the very same tools utilized in cyber operations to disable state communications and wreak havoc on state infrastructure. Wars, traditionally waged between nations and clearly defined groups, can now be fought behind the veil of anonymity inherent of the Internet. While acts of war have yet to happen openly on the Internet, accusations have already been made against Russia for the 2007 cyber attacks on Estonia and against Israel for the Stuxnet worm unleashed on Iran’s nuclear reactors. Just as aerial bombing and nuclear arms revolutionized the battlefield, cyber attacks, and the mechanisms behind them, stand poised as the next evolution in weapons of war and any multilateral treaty must take these facts into consideration.

Research paper thumbnail of Cyber Security: Pay Now or Pay Later

State Legislatures Magazine, Jul 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Grey Hat Hacking: Reconciling Law and Cyber Reality

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