Cesar Augusto | Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (original) (raw)

Papers by Cesar Augusto

Cancer, 2007

Considerable progress in research and clinical application has been made since the original guide... more Considerable progress in research and clinical application has been made since the original guidelines for managing mucositis in cancer patients were published in 2004, and the first active drug for the prevention and treatment of this condition has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration and other regulatory agencies in Europe and Australia. These changes necessitate an updated review of the literature and guidelines. Panel members reviewed the biomedical literature on mucositis published in English between January 2002 and May 2005 and reached a consensus based on the criteria of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. Changes in the guidelines included recommendations for the use of palifermin for oral mucositis associated with stem cell transplantation, amifostine for radiation proctitis, and cryotherapy for mucositis associated with high-dose melphalan. Recommendations against specific practices were introduced: Systemic glutamine was not recommended for the prevention of gastrointestinal mucositis, and sucralfate and antimicrobial lozenges were not recommended for radiation-induced oral mucositis. Furthermore, new guidelines suggested that granulocyte–macrophage-colony stimulating factor mouthwashes not be used for oral mucositis prevention in the transplantation population. Advances in mucositis treatment and research have been complemented by an increased rate of publication on mucosal injury in cancer. However, additional and sustained efforts will be required to gain a fuller understanding of the pathobiology, impact on overall patient status, optimal therapeutic strategies, and improved educational programs for health professionals, patients, and caregivers. These efforts are likely to have significant clinical and economic impact on the treatment of cancer patients. Cancer 2007;109:820–31. © 2007 American Cancer Society.

Psicologia-reflexao E Critica, 2002

O presente artigo examina algumas questões teóricas e achados de estudos recentes acerca das impl... more O presente artigo examina algumas questões teóricas e achados de estudos recentes acerca das implicações da doença orgânica crônica na infância. Analisam-se, em particular, as conseqüências emocionais da enfermidade precoce tanto para a criança como para sua família, especialmente no que se refere à relação mãe-criança. Além disso, discute-se as dificuldades enfrentadas pela família ao lidar com uma criança doente e os possíveis riscos de ajustamento aos quais ela pode estar exposta. Apesar dos avanços no tratamento de doenças crônicas orgânicas infantis e a melhora nas taxas de sobrevivência dessas crianças, poucas investigações são encontradas na literatura em relação às implicações emocionais e familiares da doença orgânica crônica na infância. Os estudos revisados sugerem que mudanças importantes nos relacionamentos familiares podem ocorrer quando há uma criança com doença crônica orgânica na família, em particular no que se refere ao estresse parental, isolamento social, comportamentos de superproteção com a criança e riscos aumentados para desajustes psicológicos tanto para a criança quanto para seus genitores e irmãos. Palavras-chave: Doença crônica; infância; relações familiares.

La serie de Documentos de Trabajo en versión PDF puede obtenerse gratis en la dirección electróni... more La serie de Documentos de Trabajo en versión PDF puede obtenerse gratis en la dirección electrónica: http://www.bcentral.cl/esp/estpub/estudios/dtbc. Existe la posibilidad de solicitar una copia impresa con un costo de 500siesdentrodeChileyUS500 si es dentro de Chile y US500siesdentrodeChileyUS12 si es para fuera de Chile. Las solicitudes se pueden hacer por fax: (56-2) 6702231 o a través de correo electrónico: bcch@bcentral.cl.

Cancer, 2005

BACKGROUNDThe current report presented 17 patients with cancer with bone metastases and 1 patient... more BACKGROUNDThe current report presented 17 patients with cancer with bone metastases and 1 patient with osteopenia who received treatment with bisphosphonates and who subsequently developed osteonecrosis of the mandible and/or maxilla.The current report presented 17 patients with cancer with bone metastases and 1 patient with osteopenia who received treatment with bisphosphonates and who subsequently developed osteonecrosis of the mandible and/or maxilla.METHODSThe authors reviewed information on 18 patients who were referred to oral medicine or oral surgery specialists for evaluation and treatment of mandibular and/or maxillary bone necrosis from June 2002 to September 2004. To be included in the current review, patients must have been treated with either pamidronate or zoledronic acid to control or prevent metastatic disease, or with alendronate for osteoporosis. All patients with cancer had received chemotherapy while receiving bisphosphonate management.The authors reviewed information on 18 patients who were referred to oral medicine or oral surgery specialists for evaluation and treatment of mandibular and/or maxillary bone necrosis from June 2002 to September 2004. To be included in the current review, patients must have been treated with either pamidronate or zoledronic acid to control or prevent metastatic disease, or with alendronate for osteoporosis. All patients with cancer had received chemotherapy while receiving bisphosphonate management.RESULTSThe 17 patients with cancer were receiving active medical care for a malignancy. Cancer treatment included a variety of chemotherapeutic agents. They presented with metastatic disease to bone and were treated intravenously with the bisphosphonates pamidronate or zoledronic acid for a mean time of 25 months (range, 4–41 mos). There were 14 females and 4 males with a mean age of 62 years (range, 37–74 yrs). Malignancies included breast carcinoma (n = 10), multiple myeloma (n = 3), prostate carcinoma (n = 1), ovarian carcinoma (n = 1), prostate carcinoma/lymphoma (n = 1), and breast/ovarian carcinoma (n = 1). One female patient with osteopenia received alendronate. The most common clinical osteonecrosis presentations included infection and necrotic bone in the mandible. Associated events included dental extractions, infection, and trauma. Two patients appeared to develop disease spontaneously, without any clinical or radiographic evidence of local pathology. Despite surgical intervention, antibiotic therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and topical use of chemotherapeutic mouth rinses, most of the lesions did not respond well to therapy. Discontinuation of bisphosphonate therapy did not assure healing. However, 1 patient with cancer healed after discontinuation of bisphosphonate therapy for 4 months.The 17 patients with cancer were receiving active medical care for a malignancy. Cancer treatment included a variety of chemotherapeutic agents. They presented with metastatic disease to bone and were treated intravenously with the bisphosphonates pamidronate or zoledronic acid for a mean time of 25 months (range, 4–41 mos). There were 14 females and 4 males with a mean age of 62 years (range, 37–74 yrs). Malignancies included breast carcinoma (n = 10), multiple myeloma (n = 3), prostate carcinoma (n = 1), ovarian carcinoma (n = 1), prostate carcinoma/lymphoma (n = 1), and breast/ovarian carcinoma (n = 1). One female patient with osteopenia received alendronate. The most common clinical osteonecrosis presentations included infection and necrotic bone in the mandible. Associated events included dental extractions, infection, and trauma. Two patients appeared to develop disease spontaneously, without any clinical or radiographic evidence of local pathology. Despite surgical intervention, antibiotic therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and topical use of chemotherapeutic mouth rinses, most of the lesions did not respond well to therapy. Discontinuation of bisphosphonate therapy did not assure healing. However, 1 patient with cancer healed after discontinuation of bisphosphonate therapy for 4 months.CONCLUSIONSThe findings in the patient population combined with recent literature reports suggested that bisphosphonates may contribute to the pathogenesis of the oral lesions. The risk factors and precise mechanism involved in the formation of the osteonecrosis are not known. This condition represents a new oral complication in patients with cancer and can be termed bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis. Lesions in patients with osteoporosis are worrisome and need to be further evaluated. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.The findings in the patient population combined with recent literature reports suggested that bisphosphonates may contribute to the pathogenesis of the oral lesions. The risk factors and precise mechanism involved in the formation of the osteonecrosis are not known. This condition represents a new oral complication in patients with cancer and can be termed bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis. Lesions in patients with osteoporosis are worrisome and need to be further evaluated. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.

Contributions in Macroeconomics, 2002

The objective of this paper is to provide some stylized facts on the links between current accoun... more The objective of this paper is to provide some stylized facts on the links between current account deficits and a broad set of economic variables proposed by the literature. In order to accomplish this task, we complement and extend previous empirical research by (1) using a large and consistent macroeconomic data set on current account deficits and other national income variables, (2) focusing on developing economies by drawing on a panel data set consisting of 44 developing countries and annual information for the period 1966-94, (3) adopting a reduced-form approach, instead of holding to a particular structural model, (4) distinguishing between within-country and cross-country effects, and (5) employing a class of estimators that controls for simultaneity and reverse causation. Some of our findings are the following. (i) Current account deficits are moderately persistent. (ii) A rise in domestic output growth generates larger current account deficits. (iii) Shocks that increase the terms of trade or appreciate the real exchange rate are linked with higher current account deficits. And (iv) either higher growth rates in industrialized economies or larger international interest rates reduce the current account deficit in developing economies. JEL Classification: F30, F32, F40.

Cancer, 2007

Considerable progress in research and clinical application has been made since the original guide... more Considerable progress in research and clinical application has been made since the original guidelines for managing mucositis in cancer patients were published in 2004, and the first active drug for the prevention and treatment of this condition has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration and other regulatory agencies in Europe and Australia. These changes necessitate an updated review of the literature and guidelines. Panel members reviewed the biomedical literature on mucositis published in English between January 2002 and May 2005 and reached a consensus based on the criteria of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. Changes in the guidelines included recommendations for the use of palifermin for oral mucositis associated with stem cell transplantation, amifostine for radiation proctitis, and cryotherapy for mucositis associated with high-dose melphalan. Recommendations against specific practices were introduced: Systemic glutamine was not recommended for the prevention of gastrointestinal mucositis, and sucralfate and antimicrobial lozenges were not recommended for radiation-induced oral mucositis. Furthermore, new guidelines suggested that granulocyte–macrophage-colony stimulating factor mouthwashes not be used for oral mucositis prevention in the transplantation population. Advances in mucositis treatment and research have been complemented by an increased rate of publication on mucosal injury in cancer. However, additional and sustained efforts will be required to gain a fuller understanding of the pathobiology, impact on overall patient status, optimal therapeutic strategies, and improved educational programs for health professionals, patients, and caregivers. These efforts are likely to have significant clinical and economic impact on the treatment of cancer patients. Cancer 2007;109:820–31. © 2007 American Cancer Society.

Psicologia-reflexao E Critica, 2002

O presente artigo examina algumas questões teóricas e achados de estudos recentes acerca das impl... more O presente artigo examina algumas questões teóricas e achados de estudos recentes acerca das implicações da doença orgânica crônica na infância. Analisam-se, em particular, as conseqüências emocionais da enfermidade precoce tanto para a criança como para sua família, especialmente no que se refere à relação mãe-criança. Além disso, discute-se as dificuldades enfrentadas pela família ao lidar com uma criança doente e os possíveis riscos de ajustamento aos quais ela pode estar exposta. Apesar dos avanços no tratamento de doenças crônicas orgânicas infantis e a melhora nas taxas de sobrevivência dessas crianças, poucas investigações são encontradas na literatura em relação às implicações emocionais e familiares da doença orgânica crônica na infância. Os estudos revisados sugerem que mudanças importantes nos relacionamentos familiares podem ocorrer quando há uma criança com doença crônica orgânica na família, em particular no que se refere ao estresse parental, isolamento social, comportamentos de superproteção com a criança e riscos aumentados para desajustes psicológicos tanto para a criança quanto para seus genitores e irmãos. Palavras-chave: Doença crônica; infância; relações familiares.

La serie de Documentos de Trabajo en versión PDF puede obtenerse gratis en la dirección electróni... more La serie de Documentos de Trabajo en versión PDF puede obtenerse gratis en la dirección electrónica: http://www.bcentral.cl/esp/estpub/estudios/dtbc. Existe la posibilidad de solicitar una copia impresa con un costo de 500siesdentrodeChileyUS500 si es dentro de Chile y US500siesdentrodeChileyUS12 si es para fuera de Chile. Las solicitudes se pueden hacer por fax: (56-2) 6702231 o a través de correo electrónico: bcch@bcentral.cl.

Cancer, 2005

BACKGROUNDThe current report presented 17 patients with cancer with bone metastases and 1 patient... more BACKGROUNDThe current report presented 17 patients with cancer with bone metastases and 1 patient with osteopenia who received treatment with bisphosphonates and who subsequently developed osteonecrosis of the mandible and/or maxilla.The current report presented 17 patients with cancer with bone metastases and 1 patient with osteopenia who received treatment with bisphosphonates and who subsequently developed osteonecrosis of the mandible and/or maxilla.METHODSThe authors reviewed information on 18 patients who were referred to oral medicine or oral surgery specialists for evaluation and treatment of mandibular and/or maxillary bone necrosis from June 2002 to September 2004. To be included in the current review, patients must have been treated with either pamidronate or zoledronic acid to control or prevent metastatic disease, or with alendronate for osteoporosis. All patients with cancer had received chemotherapy while receiving bisphosphonate management.The authors reviewed information on 18 patients who were referred to oral medicine or oral surgery specialists for evaluation and treatment of mandibular and/or maxillary bone necrosis from June 2002 to September 2004. To be included in the current review, patients must have been treated with either pamidronate or zoledronic acid to control or prevent metastatic disease, or with alendronate for osteoporosis. All patients with cancer had received chemotherapy while receiving bisphosphonate management.RESULTSThe 17 patients with cancer were receiving active medical care for a malignancy. Cancer treatment included a variety of chemotherapeutic agents. They presented with metastatic disease to bone and were treated intravenously with the bisphosphonates pamidronate or zoledronic acid for a mean time of 25 months (range, 4–41 mos). There were 14 females and 4 males with a mean age of 62 years (range, 37–74 yrs). Malignancies included breast carcinoma (n = 10), multiple myeloma (n = 3), prostate carcinoma (n = 1), ovarian carcinoma (n = 1), prostate carcinoma/lymphoma (n = 1), and breast/ovarian carcinoma (n = 1). One female patient with osteopenia received alendronate. The most common clinical osteonecrosis presentations included infection and necrotic bone in the mandible. Associated events included dental extractions, infection, and trauma. Two patients appeared to develop disease spontaneously, without any clinical or radiographic evidence of local pathology. Despite surgical intervention, antibiotic therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and topical use of chemotherapeutic mouth rinses, most of the lesions did not respond well to therapy. Discontinuation of bisphosphonate therapy did not assure healing. However, 1 patient with cancer healed after discontinuation of bisphosphonate therapy for 4 months.The 17 patients with cancer were receiving active medical care for a malignancy. Cancer treatment included a variety of chemotherapeutic agents. They presented with metastatic disease to bone and were treated intravenously with the bisphosphonates pamidronate or zoledronic acid for a mean time of 25 months (range, 4–41 mos). There were 14 females and 4 males with a mean age of 62 years (range, 37–74 yrs). Malignancies included breast carcinoma (n = 10), multiple myeloma (n = 3), prostate carcinoma (n = 1), ovarian carcinoma (n = 1), prostate carcinoma/lymphoma (n = 1), and breast/ovarian carcinoma (n = 1). One female patient with osteopenia received alendronate. The most common clinical osteonecrosis presentations included infection and necrotic bone in the mandible. Associated events included dental extractions, infection, and trauma. Two patients appeared to develop disease spontaneously, without any clinical or radiographic evidence of local pathology. Despite surgical intervention, antibiotic therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and topical use of chemotherapeutic mouth rinses, most of the lesions did not respond well to therapy. Discontinuation of bisphosphonate therapy did not assure healing. However, 1 patient with cancer healed after discontinuation of bisphosphonate therapy for 4 months.CONCLUSIONSThe findings in the patient population combined with recent literature reports suggested that bisphosphonates may contribute to the pathogenesis of the oral lesions. The risk factors and precise mechanism involved in the formation of the osteonecrosis are not known. This condition represents a new oral complication in patients with cancer and can be termed bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis. Lesions in patients with osteoporosis are worrisome and need to be further evaluated. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.The findings in the patient population combined with recent literature reports suggested that bisphosphonates may contribute to the pathogenesis of the oral lesions. The risk factors and precise mechanism involved in the formation of the osteonecrosis are not known. This condition represents a new oral complication in patients with cancer and can be termed bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis. Lesions in patients with osteoporosis are worrisome and need to be further evaluated. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.

Contributions in Macroeconomics, 2002

The objective of this paper is to provide some stylized facts on the links between current accoun... more The objective of this paper is to provide some stylized facts on the links between current account deficits and a broad set of economic variables proposed by the literature. In order to accomplish this task, we complement and extend previous empirical research by (1) using a large and consistent macroeconomic data set on current account deficits and other national income variables, (2) focusing on developing economies by drawing on a panel data set consisting of 44 developing countries and annual information for the period 1966-94, (3) adopting a reduced-form approach, instead of holding to a particular structural model, (4) distinguishing between within-country and cross-country effects, and (5) employing a class of estimators that controls for simultaneity and reverse causation. Some of our findings are the following. (i) Current account deficits are moderately persistent. (ii) A rise in domestic output growth generates larger current account deficits. (iii) Shocks that increase the terms of trade or appreciate the real exchange rate are linked with higher current account deficits. And (iv) either higher growth rates in industrialized economies or larger international interest rates reduce the current account deficit in developing economies. JEL Classification: F30, F32, F40.