Álvaro Sousa | UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PIAUÍ (BRAZIL) (original) (raw)

Papers by Álvaro Sousa

Objective: To identify the prevalence of bloodstream infection in elderly hospitalized in a surgi... more Objective: To identify the prevalence of bloodstream infection in elderly hospitalized in a surgical clinic of a general hospital. Methodology: This is an epidemiological study, retrospective, descriptive with quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 68 patients hospitalized in 2013 in a referral and teaching hospital in Teresina-PI. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 10.0 and the research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Piauí (CAAE: 18110614.10000.5214). Results: Of the 68 patients diagnosed with positive culture for BSI, the prevalence of elderly (60 and over) was 49%. Patients were predominantly female (58%) and married (43%). The most prevalent microorganisms were Acinetobacter baumannii (23.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (19.65), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.05%) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (17.3%). Conclusion: The high prevalence of BSI reveals the need to evaluate preventive measures for this age group.
Descriptors: elderly; nosocomial infection; infection control; prevalence.

Objective: discussing from the national and international scientific production, the aspects rela... more Objective: discussing from the national and international scientific production, the aspects related to the reported prevalence of resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Intensive Care Units and the associated risk factors. Method: an integrative review, in order to answer the guiding question << What is the prevalence of hospital infections caused by resistant Staphylococcus aureus in intensive care units, and its associated risk factors? >>. It was held in the databases LILACS and Science Direct, between 2004 and 2014, considering the inclusion and exclusion predetermined criteria. Results: there were selected in all eight articles. The associated risk factors were invasive procedures performed, previous exposure to antibiotics, the patient's own predispositions before his pathological condition, immunosuppression, endogenous contamination of professionals and patients, as well as length of stay in the ICU. Conclusion: the Staphylococcus aureus is a major problem in hospital infection control. Descriptors: Staphylococcus Aureus; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus; Hospital Infection; Intensive Therapy. RESUMO Objetivo: discutir a partir da produção cientifica nacional e internacional, os aspectos relacionados à prevalência relatada de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva e os fatores de risco associados. Método: revisão integrativa, com vistas a responder a questão norteadora << Qual a prevalência das infecções hospitalares causadas por Staphyloccocus aureus resistente em unidades de terapia intensiva, e seus fatores de risco associados? >>. Foi realizada nas bases de dados LILACS e Science Direct, entre 2004 e 2014, considerando-se os critérios de inclusão e exclusão pré-estabelecidos. Resultados: foram selecionados ao todo oito artigos. Os fatores de risco associados foram procedimentos invasivos realizados, exposição prévia a antibióticos, predisposições do próprio paciente diante a sua condição patológica, imunossupressão, contaminação endógena dos profissionais e pacientes, bem como tempo de internação nas UTIs. Conclusão: o Staphylococcus aureus resistente representa um grave problema no controle de infecção hospitalar. Descritores: Staphylococcus Aureus; Staphylococcus Aureus Resistente a Meticilina; Infecção Hospitalar; Terapia Intensiva. RESUMEN Objetivo: discutir, desde la producción científica nacional e internacional, los aspectos relacionados con la prevalencia de Staphylococcus aureus resistente en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos y los factores de riesgo asociados. Método: esta es una revisión integradora, con el fin de responder a la pregunta principal << ¿Cuál es la prevalencia de las infecciones hospitalarias causadas por Staphylococcus aureus resistente en las unidades de cuidados intensivos, y sus factores de riesgo asociados? >>. Se celebró en la bases de datos LILACS y Science Direct, entre 2004 y 2014, teniendo en cuenta los criterios de inclusión y exclusión predeterminados. Resultados: fueron seleccionados en los ocho artículos. Los factores de riesgo asociados fueron procedimientos invasivos realizados, la exposición previa a antibióticos, predisposiciones del propio paciente antes de una condición patológica, la inmunosupresión, la contaminación endógena de los profesionales y de los pacientes, así como la duración de la estancia en la UCI. Conclusión: el Staphylococcus aureus resistente es un problema significativo en el control de la infección hospitalaria. Descriptores: Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina; Infección Hospitalaria; La Terapia Intensiva.

Objective: analyzing the international scientific literature about biosafety in dental procedures... more Objective: analyzing the international scientific literature about biosafety in dental procedures. Method: an integrative review, with a view to answering the question << What is the panorama of biosafety in dental procedures and its relationship to the health of the oral health worker? >>. It was held in international databases: PUBMED, Elsevier and Springer Link, covering the years 2010 to 2015. Data were processed in IRAMUTEQ software and analyzed through the Descending Hierarchical Classification. Results: there were obtained six classes: Conditions of work provided by the employer; Organizational climate and the perception of safety; Standard precaution material, its availability and disposition in the office; Biosecurity in preventing infection; Professional exposure to biological agents and the dental procedure and the risk of accidents. Conclusion: there is a consensus about the importance, implementation and proper use of biosafety measures in the development of practice of dentists surgeons and auxiliary.

Objective: characterizing the epidemiological profile of AIDS in the State of Piaui. Methodology:... more Objective: characterizing the epidemiological profile of AIDS in the State of Piaui. Methodology: an epidemiological study of a descriptive character, with public domain data analysis in Piaui, with consultations and tab with data from 2008 to 2013, at DATASUS. Results: it was observed that there was increase in the number of reported cases, as well as the feminization of AIDS. The age group of 20-34 years old showed more cases; and people with higher level of schooling were infected less. Blood route was the main form of infection and the Indians had fewer cases. The epidemiological profile is associated with social characteristics, for example, in the case of schooling be related to the impoverishment frame. Conclusion: the findings revealed that changes are taking place, although discrete, in the epidemiological profile of AIDS in the State of Piaui.

Objective: Understand the social representations formulated by primary health care professionals ... more Objective: Understand the social representations formulated by primary health care professionals in relation to community-acquired infection and analyze how these representations influence infection control and quality of care. Methods: Exploratory, qualitative research conducted among 16 health professionals, selected by simple sampling. For data collection, a semi-structured form was used. The data were processed and analyzed by Descending Hierarchical Classification. Results: Four classes were obtained: Primary health care in the management of community-acquired infections; the role of health education in infection prevention and control; the concept of community-acquired infection and risk factors; prevention and control measures for community-acquired infections. Conclusion: The social representations of community-acquired infection are organized on the basis of professional practice, in which participants recognize the difficulties in conceptualizing the term, and list risk factors and prevention and control measures, reflecting on the quality of care provided.

This study aimed to identify the interference that shift work has on the daily lives of nurses fr... more This study aimed to identify the interference that shift work has on the daily lives of nurses from the intensive-care unit ICU. It is a qualitative study, exploratory through interviews with 16 nurses, addressing the influence of night work for ICU nurses. By analyzing emerged are three categories: Interference of night work in everyday life, quality of life Meaning and Influence of night work on quality of life. It is noteworthy that nursing professionals perceive the influence of night work on quality of life and daily life. It concludes that it is necessary the participation of nursing professionals to create strategies and develop policies to encourage health institutions to improve working conditions, ensuring job satisfaction grade and improvement in their quality of life. Descriptors: Night work. Quality of life. Nursing staff.

Objective: To evaluate the approach to sexuality in the dialogue between parents and adolescents ... more Objective: To evaluate the approach to sexuality in the dialogue between parents and adolescents and to describe how nursing can intervene positively in this context. Methods: This descriptive and qualitative study involved 22 parents selected by simple sampling. A semistructured form was used for data collection, and the Collective Subject Discourse method was used to analyse the results. Results: The study included three categories: dialogue between parents and children on sexuality; topics addressed in the dialogue between parents and children; and counselling and difficulties experienced by parents. Conclusion: Parents experienced difficulties when addressing sexuality and addressed this topic only superficially. In this context, nursing plays an important role in the sexual education of adolescents and in the orientation provided in the family and school setting.

Objective: to identify ergonomic risks to which nurses working in critical hospital units are exp... more Objective: to identify ergonomic risks to which nurses working in critical hospital units are exposed and possible risk factors associated with them. Method: this is a qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study. The study sample constituted of 27 nurses who worked in critical units of a public university hospital. After the
data were obtained, they were analyzed and structured according to semantic similarities. The study project
was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, Protocol 5532/12. Results: three categories emerged in the
developement of this research: Ergonomic risks to which critical unit nurses are exposed; Work environment
and development of ergonomic risk factors; Nurse´s exposure time to ergonomic risk factors. Conclusion: we
found the presence of ergonomic risks in these units. Several factors predispose to these risks, including physical exertion, inadequate posture, manual lifting and transport of weight, long working hours and repeatability

O estudo tem como objetivo analisar pesquisas sobre as infecções hospitalares neonatais prevalent... more O estudo tem como objetivo analisar pesquisas sobre as infecções hospitalares neonatais prevalentes em unidades de terapia
intensiva. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados Medline e ScienceDirect. Foram
selecionados 20 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão da pesquisa: estudos primários, disponíveis na integra de forma
eletrônica e publicados no período de 2011 a 2015. Os dados foram processados no software IRAMUTEC e analisados pela
classificação hierárquica descendente, análise de similitude e nuvem de palavras. Os resultados foram apresentados em 04 classes, a
saber: 1-O Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina em infecções na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal - UTIN; 2- Vigilância
aos casos de infecção em UTIN; 3- Distribuição topográfica das infecções neonatais em UTI; 4- Fatores de risco para
desenvolvimento de infecções em UTIN e 5- Medidas de Prevenção e controle de infecções neonatais em UTI. A prevalência de
infecção em unidade de terapia intensiva é elevada e possui relação com fatores intrínsecos ao neonato, bem como ao ambiente
hospitalar. Concluiu-se que há necessidade da adoção de uma política efetiva de prevenção e controle das infecções hospitalares
para diminuir os índices de infecções neonatais em unidades de terapia intensiva. Descritores: Unidade de terapia intensiva.
Infecção hospitalar. Fatores de risco. Neonatal.

Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar o perfil da mortalidade materna no município de Teresi... more Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar o perfil da mortalidade materna no município de Teresina-PI, no período de
2002 a 2011. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, retrospectivo, documental com uma abordagem quantitativa. Foram
registrados no período do estudo 70 óbitos. As causas obstétricas diretas continuam sendo a principal causa de
mortalidade materna mostrando um percentual 62,8%. A faixa etária mais prevalente foi de 20 a 29 anos com uma
porcentagem de 38,5%. Na escolaridade, tem-se um grande número de subinformações, cerca de 31,5%. Encontrou-se
pouca diferença no percentual de mortalidade materna em relação ao status de casadas e solteiras. O período de
maior número de mortes maternas foi durante o puerpério até 42 dias, com um percentual de 41,4%. As mulheres
classificadas como pardas apresentaram um percentual de 67,1% para o período de estudo. A partir da evolução dos
óbitos no período estudado, percebeu-se que as causas diretas ainda são as mais prevalentes, mesmo podendo ser
evitadas com tecnologias presentes nos dias atuais. Descritores: Indicadores de saúde. Mortalidade materna. Saúde da mulher.

Objective: To know the meaning assigned to sexuality for stomized women. Method: this is a qualit... more Objective: To know the meaning assigned to sexuality for stomized women. Method: this is a qualitative study from
the perspective of an oral history of life. a total of 10 women enrolled in the lineu araújo integrated health center in
teresina-pi, in june 2012. Results: four categories emerged: the meaning of sexuality, the meaning of the experience
of sexuality, the meaning of spousal support in the process of acceptance of the stoma and the meaning of being a
woman and living with the stoma. sexuality has a plurality of meanings, which in turn are connected to various factors.
Conclusion: through knowledge, we could complete and implement care actions that influenced the quality of life and
assistance given to the stomized women. Descriptors: Ostomy, Sexuality, Gender, Nursing.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of germs related pneumonia associated with mechanical ventil... more Objective: To analyze the prevalence of germs related pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation and their
sensitivities profiles. Methods: descriptive epidemiological study, with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted
of 99 patients using mechanical ventilation in two intensive care units in a public and teaching hospital in the
municipality of Teresina-Piauí. The data were collected by means of a form in the months of January and February
2009, statistically processed and presented in the form of tables. Results: The most prevalent pathogens were:
Klebsiella spp (40.40%); Bacillus Gram-Negativo non-fermentor (24.24%); Staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas
aeruginosa (17.17%). There was a higher bacterial susceptibility to imipenem (76.77%), meropenem (72.73%) and
cefepime (58.59%). Conclusion: Appropriate therapy and prevention strategies reduce the prevalence rates of
pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation and the emergence of microbial resistance. Descriptors: Nosocomial
infection, Pneumonia, Prevalence, Microbial Sensitivity tests.

Objective: To grasp the meaning of the attending to youth who attempted suicide for the pre-hospi... more Objective: To grasp the meaning of the attending to youth who attempted suicide for the pre-hospital nurse and
analyze how that meaning can influence the treatment of these young people. Method: An exploratory and descriptive
study, with qualitative approach. Research participants were nine nurses who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Results:
From the analysis there emerged three categories: Significance of care to young suicidal; Feelings of nurses to meet a
young suicide; Influence of significance in attending a young suicide and its relation to professional conduct.
Conclusion: Attending a young suicide has special meaning to the study subjects and awakens feelings such as anxiety,
sadness, fear and suffering. The prehospital nurse shows itself compromised in the patient care and family, regardless
of the nature of the occurrence, however, puts the fact of suicide as relevant to the care provided.
Descriptors: Attending Services, Attempted suicide, Young, Nurse.

O estudo tem como objetivo analisar pesquisas sobre as infecções hospitalares neonatais prevalent... more O estudo tem como objetivo analisar pesquisas sobre as infecções hospitalares neonatais prevalentes em unidades de terapia intensiva. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados Medline e ScienceDirect. Foram selecionados 20 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão da pesquisa: estudos primários, disponíveis na integra de forma eletrônica e publicados no período de 2011 a 2015. Os dados foram processados no software IRAMUTEC e analisados pela
classificação hierárquica descendente, análise de similitude e nuvem de palavras. Os resultados foram apresentados em 04 classes, a saber: 1-O Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina em infecções na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal - UTIN; 2- Vigilância
aos casos de infecção em UTIN; 3- Distribuição topográfica das infecções neonatais em UTI; 4- Fatores de risco para
desenvolvimento de infecções em UTIN e 5- Medidas de Prevenção e controle de infecções neonatais em UTI. A prevalência de
infecção em unidade de terapia intensiva é elevada e possui relação com fatores intrínsecos ao neonato, bem como ao ambiente hospitalar. Concluiu-se que há necessidade da adoção de uma política efetiva de prevenção e controle das infecções hospitalares para diminuir os índices de infecções neonatais em unidades de terapia intensiva. Descritores: Unidade de terapia intensiva. Infecção hospitalar. Fatores de risco. Neonatal.