Alexandra Finotti | Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC (Federal University of Santa Catarina) (original) (raw)

Papers by Alexandra Finotti

Research paper thumbnail of O Papel Da Drenagem Urbana Na Prevenção De Desastres Hidrológicos Na Bacia Hidrográfica Do Rio Itajaí Açu

Revista Brasileira de Cartografia, Jan 23, 2017

As inundações são fenômenos naturais que tem sido intensifi cados pela urbanização e gestão sem p... more As inundações são fenômenos naturais que tem sido intensifi cados pela urbanização e gestão sem planejamento. A bacia hidrográfi ca do rio Itajaí Açu é a mais afetada por estes tipos de desastres no Estado de Santa Catarina. A pesquisa analisou o tratamento da gestão municipal na área de drenagem urbana em 28 municípios da bacia, infraestrutura responsável na prevenção de inundações. Muitas cidades possuem inundações e alagamentos anuais resultantes da ocupação das planícies de inundação e de projetos mal elaborados. A erosão, assoreamento, ausência de limpeza, de manutenção e de fi scalização são problemas recorrentes na maioria dos municípios, o que prejudica o funcionamento dos sistemas de drenagem. Os responsáveis por estes sistemas não possuem conhecimento técnico na área e a drenagem é, na maioria dos municípios, vinculada ao setor de obras das prefeituras. Isto caracteriza a drenagem urbana como uma atividade estrutural, e não de planejamento (prevenção de desastres). É necessária uma maior atenção à gestão da drenagem urbana no nível municipal.

Research paper thumbnail of Panorama dos instrumentos de planejamento e gestão da drenagem urbana no Brasil

Paranoá

O aumento do número de eventos extremos como consequência das mudanças climáticas têm agravado pr... more O aumento do número de eventos extremos como consequência das mudanças climáticas têm agravado problemas e desastres associadas à drenagem urbana especialmente em climas tropicais e em localizações cuja urbanização ainda segue o modelo higienista. Para lidar com esses problemas, planejamentos bem feitos e executados são essenciais. Em termos de instrumentos legais de planejamento de drenagem urbana, a única exigência é que os municípios possuam planos municipais de saneamento básico (PMSB), estes por sua vez, costumam ser documentos volumosos o que dificulta a análise comparativa e global. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho teve como objetivo usar das análises de conteúdo para comparar e alcançar um panorama geral sobre como a drenagem urbana tem sido planejada. Portanto, utilizou-se do software de análise textual Iramuteq para a realização de análises quantitativas de 280 planos agrupados em quatro Corpora referentes aos estados do Mato Grosso, Amazonas, Bahia e municípios distribuídos p...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Infiltration Swale Performance as a Low-Impact Development Technique in Tropical Coastal Environments

Coasts

Operation of source control measures (SCM) in urban drainage in tropical/transitional climates ar... more Operation of source control measures (SCM) in urban drainage in tropical/transitional climates are still a challenge because of higher rain volumes and more intense rains, as well as constraints from sea-level interference. In this study, the performance of a swale to control runoff was detailed and monitored in such an environment. The data on rain, runoff, and sea levels were acquired at a site located in an island in the south coast of Brazil. The results showed that even with higher rain volumes and more intense rains, the mean capture of the swale was 51.7% of the entrance runoff volume, but it depended on seasonal rain variation and interference of sea/tide level. As a result, the swale might be undersized in summer and oversized in winter. Peak flow retardation was observed in 97% of monitored events. The interference of sea/tide level was not directly correlated with infiltration volumes, but in the principal component analysis, the parameters of sea/tide level, along with t...

Research paper thumbnail of Low-Impact Development (LID) in Coastal Watersheds: Infiltration Swale Pollutant Transfer in Transitional Tropical/Subtropical Climates

Water, 2022

The control of runoff pollution is one of the advantages of low-impact development (LID) or susta... more The control of runoff pollution is one of the advantages of low-impact development (LID) or sustainable drainage systems (SUDs), such as infiltration swales. Coastal areas may have characteristics that make the implementation of drainage systems difficult, such as sandy soils, shallow aquifers and flat terrains. The presence of contaminants was investigated through sampling and analysis of runoff, soil, and groundwater from a coastal region served by an infiltration swale located in southern Brazil. The swale proved to be very efficient in controlling the site’s urban drainage volumes even under intense tropical rainfall. Contaminants of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Fe, Mn and Ni were identified at concentrations above the Brazilian regulatory limit (BRL) in both runoff and groundwater. Soil concentrations were low and within the regulatory limits, except for Cd. The soil was predominantly sandy, with neutral pH and low ionic exchange capacity, characteristic of coastal regions and not very ...

Research paper thumbnail of Volatilization of benzene from gasoline: the effect of ethanol blends

Water Pollution X, 2010

In this work experiments were performed with vapor collection in columns to assess the evaporatio... more In this work experiments were performed with vapor collection in columns to assess the evaporation profile of benzene from gasoline-ethanol blend fuels. The vapors from two columns simulating gasoline-contaminated soils (with and without ethanol) were monitored for 77 d. The instrumental analysis was performed by Gas Chromatography (GC) with a Flame Ionization Detector (FID). Compound identification was based on the GC retention times of standard BTX (benzene, toluene and xylenes). The concentration of benzene in the vapor phase decreased by 89.09%, considering the entire experimental period, while the toluene and xylene concentrations were increased by 239.34 and 251.78%, respectively. These results suggest that the benzene evaporation behavior was affected by the interactions among ethanol and other aromatic compounds. These results are particularly important, since ethanol is an alternative to gasoline blends. Furthermore, benzene (a well known carcinogen) was retained in the liquid phase and, in this way, can reach the underground water sources. These findings can point out necessary changes in traditional risk models for soil spills that are based on compound concentrations in the environment.

Research paper thumbnail of Estudos sobre a oxidação aeróbia do metano na cobertura de três aterros sanitários no Brasil

Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental, 2009

A oxidação biológica e aeróbia do metano em materiais de cobertura de aterros de resíduos sólidos... more A oxidação biológica e aeróbia do metano em materiais de cobertura de aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos é uma das alternativas para se minimizarem as emissões dos gases de efeito estufa. Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a oxidação biológica do metano em material de cobertura de três aterros brasileiros (dois municipais e uma célula experimental). O trabalho consistiu na coleta de amostras dos solos, as quais foram caracterizadas através de ensaios geotécnicos e microbiológicos. Em laboratório, avaliou-se o consumo de metano de uma amostra de cada aterro. Os resultados revelaram a presença de bactérias metanotróficas e consumo de metano em laboratório, o que sugere que exista uma relação inversa entre o grau de saturação no momento da coleta e o número de bactérias metanotróficas.

Research paper thumbnail of Avaliação da influência do etanol sobre o grau de volatilização BTEX em solos impactados por derrames de gasolina/etanol

Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental, 2009

O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi a avaliação quantitativa da influência do etanol sobre a ... more O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi a avaliação quantitativa da influência do etanol sobre a volatilização de BTEX (benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos) em mistura de gasolina e etanol anidro 25% (v/v) em colunas experimentais, que simularam solos contaminados com gasolina pura e gasolina/etanol. Todos os BTEX apresentaram expressivo aumento das taxas de volatilização na coluna contendo a mistura gasolina/etanol. Porém, em termos percentuais, o maior e menor aumento nas taxas de volatilização foi observado para tolueno e benzeno, respectivamente. Em amostras de controle, com o percentual de etanol variando entre 0 e 25%, não foi observado aumento no grau de volatilização do etilbenzeno, enquanto que o grau de volatilização dos xilenos foi reduzido. Estes resultados sugerem que, além de forças de interação intermoleculares, efeitos de interação líquido/estrutura do solo podem estar exercendo importante papel na volatilização dos BTEX.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative environmental performance of semi-trailer load boxes for grain transport made of different materials

The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2009

Background, aim, and scope Semi-trailers with load boxes are the most important mode of grain tra... more Background, aim, and scope Semi-trailers with load boxes are the most important mode of grain transport by land in the world. Load boxes can be produced with different materials such as: wood, steel, and synthetic material. They are responsible for effectiveness retention and quality of grains during the transport. Among the main aspects to be considered and valued when selecting materials for load boxes are the final mass of the semi-trailer, loss of grains, and mechanical properties. Environmental performance is another important aspect to be taken into account for developing and selecting new materials in this kind of application. This study presents a comparative environmental evaluation of load boxes built from two different materials (a wood panel and a three-layer synthetic (TLS) panel). Mass balance and life cycle assessment (LCA) were used in this study. Materials and methods The TLS panel is made of polyvinyl chloride, metal, and wood sheets. The wood panel is composed of a marine plywood, protected with latex paint. Each semi-trailer is 7.1 m long and has two load boxes. Mass balance allowed the evaluation of the productive process itself, considering the different materials used, water and energy consumption and solid waste generation. LCA was applied to evaluate the environmental impacts associated with the production, use, and end-of-life (EOL) processes for the two different types of load box panels. LCA followed the ISO 14040 standard and was performed with the SimaPro 7.0 software. The functional unit of the load boxes is defined as: to allow and to protect the transportation of 40 tons per journey of dry grains, for 10 years, traveling 120,000 km per year. The databases selected for this study were local ones produced by different authors that presented Brazilian inventories (petroleum, PVC, wood, electrical energy, steel, and natural gas). When local databases were not available, inventories from Buwal and Ecoinvent were used. Impact evaluation was performed with the Eco-indicator 95 method. Results The mass of materials necessary to build wood panel load boxes is four times higher than the mass of material required to build the TLS panel load boxes. Furthermore, solid waste generation is ten times higher for the wood panels (on a mass basis). Water consumption is also higher for the production of the wood panel load boxes. However, the mass balance analysis showed that energy consumption during production is higher for a TLS panel load box than for the wood panel load box. The results of the LCA showed that the TLS panel load boxes provide superior environmental performance compared with wood panel load boxes. However, the wood boxes panel scored only 10.7% more impact points than the TLS panel load boxes in the LCA, considering all phases, including production, use, and end-of-life processes. The use phase is responsible for more than 96% of the total impact points for the wood panel load boxes. Impact points for the TLS load boxes are 33% higher than for the wood panel boxes during the production phase. Discussion The TLS load boxes offer greater durability than wood panel load boxes, resulting in a smaller number

Research paper thumbnail of The environmental aspects of the evaporation of BTEX from gasoline with and without ethanol

International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 2013

ABSTRACT In this work the vapours from two columns simulating gasoline-contaminated soils (with a... more ABSTRACT In this work the vapours from two columns simulating gasoline-contaminated soils (with and without ethanol) were monitored. Standards mixtures of BTEX, containing different ethanol contents were also analysed. The instrumental analysis was performed by Gas Chromatography with a Flame Ionisation Detector. Among BTEX, except benzene, in both columns the evaporation rate increases with time. In the gasoline/ethanol column this effect is higher particularly for the xylenes. Although the benzene concentrations were reduced in both columns, this reduction was less marked in the gasoline/ethanol column. The toluene concentrations were higher in the pure gasoline column.

Research paper thumbnail of Estudos sobre a oxida��o aer�bia do metano na cobertura de tr�s aterros sanit�rios no Brasil

Research paper thumbnail of Hierarchical Analytical Process (AHP) in Spatial Modeling of Flood Vulnerability in Mixed Environments

Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Relação Entre Estruturas Primárias e a Locação De Poços Tubulares: Análise Preliminar

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar dados preliminares que evidenciam uma relacao exi... more O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar dados preliminares que evidenciam uma relacao existente entre estruturas primarias das rochas vulcânicas da Formacao Serra Geral, com aquiferos fraturados e pocos tubulares produtivos. A area de estudo localiza-se na regiao nordeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul e em parte da bacia hidrografica Taquari-Antas. Nessa regiao observou-se que as zonas vesiculares/amigdaloides e as zonas de brechas vulcânicas sao condicionantes de aquiferos fraturados, visto que ha uma associacao de pocos tubulares produtivos (que nao estao associados com lineamentos) com essas zonas.

Research paper thumbnail of Groundwater impact assessment of infiltration structures for urban drainage control

We have proposed in this work the development of protocols to evaluate quali quantitative impacts... more We have proposed in this work the development of protocols to evaluate quali quantitative impacts of infiltration structures in aquifer. Protocols were created considering soil profile in three compartments: infiltration structure, vadose zone and aquifer. For each compartment we will need a model or an equation that calculate the outlet flux to the next compartment. We are testing both simplifying equations and popular softwares of flow and transport. The first was Chemflow. Its response was judged adequate for flow prediction above a retention basin with varying levels of water. The contaminant transport has not being tested yet. We have started the definition of impact categories that will be improved as the protocols project proceeds.

Research paper thumbnail of Hydrossedimentological Simulation of the Quatorze River Watershed, Francisco Beltrão (Paraná, Brazil)

Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ, 2017

Resumo O processo de erosão hídrica e o arraste dos sedimentos para os cursos d'agua é um fenômen... more Resumo O processo de erosão hídrica e o arraste dos sedimentos para os cursos d'agua é um fenômeno natural que vem sendo agravado pelas práticas inadequadas de uso, ocupação e manejo do solo, favorecendo o desenvolvimento de graves impactos ambientais, sociais e econômicos. Dentro desta perspectiva, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os processos hidrossedimentológicos da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Quatorze, utilizando o modelo hidrológico computacional SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools). Para atingir este objetivo utilizaram-se as seguintes metodologias: a) pesquisa de dados em referencial teórico específico da bacia; b) geração de banco de dados espaciais e tabulares e c) aplicação do Modelo SWAT para simulação da produção de sedimentos e do escoamento superficial. Os resultados obtidos a partir da simulação demonstraram a influência do uso e ocupação do solo sobre o processo erosivo, sendo geradas pequenas quantidades de sedimentos em áreas cobertas por floresta e grandes quantidades em áreas cobertas pela agricultura. A topografia também influenciou na produção de sedimentos, sendo que em bacias planas a perda de solo foi inferior comparada a relevos acidentados ou áreas íngremes. De uma forma geral, apesar das restrições dos dados e da não calibração, o modelo demonstrou ser relativamente eficaz, fornecendo informações de apoio para gestão ambiental de uso, ocupação e manejo do solo, reduzindo os impactos sobre os recursos hídricos.

Research paper thumbnail of Proposta Metodológica Para a Elaboração De Um Zoneamento Ambiental

Revista Brasileira De Cartografia, Sep 20, 2012

O Zoneamento Ambiental é um dos instrumentos da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente (Lei Federal N... more O Zoneamento Ambiental é um dos instrumentos da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente (Lei Federal N° 6.938), a qual estabelece normas para a preservação, proteção e melhoria da qualidade ambiental. O zoneamento consiste na segmentação de uma determinada região em zonas homogêneas, que apresentam as mesmas características ambientais, constituindo, desta forma, um mecanismo a disposição do poder público para o planejamento do território. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de elaborar um Zoneamento Ambiental para o município de Nova Alvorada/RS, a partir de dados relativos ao meio físico e biótico, constituindo uma das etapas para a elaboração de um cenário para a proposição de diretrizes e metas que visem definir, entre as alternativas possíveis, o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foram utilizados dados cartográficos e imagem de satélite, os quais permitiam a elaboração de mapas temáticos referentes aos recursos hídricos, malha viária, hipsometria, clinografia, uso e cobertura do solo, risco potencial a erosão dos solos e áreas de preservação permanente, que depois de avaliados e cruzados, geraram o mapa de Zoneamento Ambiental. Foram definidas seis zonas planejamento, como seguem: zona de uso agrícola 1 e 2, zona urbana consolidada, zona de expansão urbana, zona de proteção aos remanescentes florestais e zona proteção aos recursos hídricos, encostas e topos de morro.

Research paper thumbnail of Processos De Gestão Social e Participativa Do Risco Para Manejo De Águas Pluviais Em Comunidades Urbanas

Sustentabilidade e meio ambiente: rumos e estratégias para o futuro

Research paper thumbnail of Evolução da Gestão da Drenagem Urbana na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Itajaí-Açu

Revista de Gestão Ambiental e Sustentabilidade

EVOLUTION OF STORMWATER MANAGEMENT IN THE WATERSHED ITAJAI AÇU RIVER ABSTRACT Urban drainage syst... more EVOLUTION OF STORMWATER MANAGEMENT IN THE WATERSHED ITAJAI AÇU RIVER ABSTRACT Urban drainage systems are designed to prevent or reduce the occurrence of flooding and waterlogging. However, the management of this instrument is complex with municipalities, a reality found in the Itajaí Açu river basin, which is the region most affected by hydrological disasters in the State of Santa Catarina. A survey was carried out in 27 municipalities of the basin in 2012 and compared to a similar study developed in 1998. It was observed that urban drainage is usually linked to the construction sector, with interventions of an eminently structural and punctual nature, unrelated to comprehensive planning. In 2012, the managers did not consider the absence of an Urban Drainage Master Plan as a problem, contrary to what is predicted in the technical literature of Brazil and the world. Most of the municipalities have siltation in the water courses, but the maintenance and the desorption of these systems are not carried out periodically. In general, the main problems of municipalities are related to the lack of resources, which makes it impossible to manage drainage efficiently and the presence of a qualified technical staff. The panorama found was similar in both years of the research, that is, the evolution in the management of urban drainage was not significant in a horizon of 14 years. Urban drainage remains a secondary part of environmental sanitation, even in one of the major Brazilian river basins affected by natural disasters, demonstrating that the lack of a technical notion of the problem is one of the main obstacles to its proper management.

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Systems Thinking to the assessment of an institutional development project of river restoration at a campus university in Southern Brazil

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Research paper thumbnail of Use of shrimp-shell for adsorption of metals present in surface runoff

Water Science and Technology

This research analyzes the use of natural shrimp shell and commercial chitin for biosorption of m... more This research analyzes the use of natural shrimp shell and commercial chitin for biosorption of metal ions in surface runoff. Investigation of the use of these biosorbent materials in drainage systems becomes a management measure for two extremely important issues in Brazil, fish waste management and the surface runoff quality. Methodological procedures involved treatments with different amounts of unprocessed shrimp shell and commercial chitin (5g and 10g) for 200mL of a compensatory drainage mechanism (infiltration swale). The contact time of biosorbent and runoff was 24h and removal of metal ions Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cr was studied. Tests with unprocessed shrimp shell showed high concentrations of metallic ions (Pb, Ni, and Cu) causing contamination of the environment. However, the two biosorbents presented good removal of specific metallic ions (Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cr). These results indicate the need for a biosorbent pre-treatment prior to full-scale use. We indicate the nee...

Research paper thumbnail of Socio-technological tool for mapping susceptibility to urban flooding

Research paper thumbnail of O Papel Da Drenagem Urbana Na Prevenção De Desastres Hidrológicos Na Bacia Hidrográfica Do Rio Itajaí Açu

Revista Brasileira de Cartografia, Jan 23, 2017

As inundações são fenômenos naturais que tem sido intensifi cados pela urbanização e gestão sem p... more As inundações são fenômenos naturais que tem sido intensifi cados pela urbanização e gestão sem planejamento. A bacia hidrográfi ca do rio Itajaí Açu é a mais afetada por estes tipos de desastres no Estado de Santa Catarina. A pesquisa analisou o tratamento da gestão municipal na área de drenagem urbana em 28 municípios da bacia, infraestrutura responsável na prevenção de inundações. Muitas cidades possuem inundações e alagamentos anuais resultantes da ocupação das planícies de inundação e de projetos mal elaborados. A erosão, assoreamento, ausência de limpeza, de manutenção e de fi scalização são problemas recorrentes na maioria dos municípios, o que prejudica o funcionamento dos sistemas de drenagem. Os responsáveis por estes sistemas não possuem conhecimento técnico na área e a drenagem é, na maioria dos municípios, vinculada ao setor de obras das prefeituras. Isto caracteriza a drenagem urbana como uma atividade estrutural, e não de planejamento (prevenção de desastres). É necessária uma maior atenção à gestão da drenagem urbana no nível municipal.

Research paper thumbnail of Panorama dos instrumentos de planejamento e gestão da drenagem urbana no Brasil

Paranoá

O aumento do número de eventos extremos como consequência das mudanças climáticas têm agravado pr... more O aumento do número de eventos extremos como consequência das mudanças climáticas têm agravado problemas e desastres associadas à drenagem urbana especialmente em climas tropicais e em localizações cuja urbanização ainda segue o modelo higienista. Para lidar com esses problemas, planejamentos bem feitos e executados são essenciais. Em termos de instrumentos legais de planejamento de drenagem urbana, a única exigência é que os municípios possuam planos municipais de saneamento básico (PMSB), estes por sua vez, costumam ser documentos volumosos o que dificulta a análise comparativa e global. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho teve como objetivo usar das análises de conteúdo para comparar e alcançar um panorama geral sobre como a drenagem urbana tem sido planejada. Portanto, utilizou-se do software de análise textual Iramuteq para a realização de análises quantitativas de 280 planos agrupados em quatro Corpora referentes aos estados do Mato Grosso, Amazonas, Bahia e municípios distribuídos p...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Infiltration Swale Performance as a Low-Impact Development Technique in Tropical Coastal Environments

Coasts

Operation of source control measures (SCM) in urban drainage in tropical/transitional climates ar... more Operation of source control measures (SCM) in urban drainage in tropical/transitional climates are still a challenge because of higher rain volumes and more intense rains, as well as constraints from sea-level interference. In this study, the performance of a swale to control runoff was detailed and monitored in such an environment. The data on rain, runoff, and sea levels were acquired at a site located in an island in the south coast of Brazil. The results showed that even with higher rain volumes and more intense rains, the mean capture of the swale was 51.7% of the entrance runoff volume, but it depended on seasonal rain variation and interference of sea/tide level. As a result, the swale might be undersized in summer and oversized in winter. Peak flow retardation was observed in 97% of monitored events. The interference of sea/tide level was not directly correlated with infiltration volumes, but in the principal component analysis, the parameters of sea/tide level, along with t...

Research paper thumbnail of Low-Impact Development (LID) in Coastal Watersheds: Infiltration Swale Pollutant Transfer in Transitional Tropical/Subtropical Climates

Water, 2022

The control of runoff pollution is one of the advantages of low-impact development (LID) or susta... more The control of runoff pollution is one of the advantages of low-impact development (LID) or sustainable drainage systems (SUDs), such as infiltration swales. Coastal areas may have characteristics that make the implementation of drainage systems difficult, such as sandy soils, shallow aquifers and flat terrains. The presence of contaminants was investigated through sampling and analysis of runoff, soil, and groundwater from a coastal region served by an infiltration swale located in southern Brazil. The swale proved to be very efficient in controlling the site’s urban drainage volumes even under intense tropical rainfall. Contaminants of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Fe, Mn and Ni were identified at concentrations above the Brazilian regulatory limit (BRL) in both runoff and groundwater. Soil concentrations were low and within the regulatory limits, except for Cd. The soil was predominantly sandy, with neutral pH and low ionic exchange capacity, characteristic of coastal regions and not very ...

Research paper thumbnail of Volatilization of benzene from gasoline: the effect of ethanol blends

Water Pollution X, 2010

In this work experiments were performed with vapor collection in columns to assess the evaporatio... more In this work experiments were performed with vapor collection in columns to assess the evaporation profile of benzene from gasoline-ethanol blend fuels. The vapors from two columns simulating gasoline-contaminated soils (with and without ethanol) were monitored for 77 d. The instrumental analysis was performed by Gas Chromatography (GC) with a Flame Ionization Detector (FID). Compound identification was based on the GC retention times of standard BTX (benzene, toluene and xylenes). The concentration of benzene in the vapor phase decreased by 89.09%, considering the entire experimental period, while the toluene and xylene concentrations were increased by 239.34 and 251.78%, respectively. These results suggest that the benzene evaporation behavior was affected by the interactions among ethanol and other aromatic compounds. These results are particularly important, since ethanol is an alternative to gasoline blends. Furthermore, benzene (a well known carcinogen) was retained in the liquid phase and, in this way, can reach the underground water sources. These findings can point out necessary changes in traditional risk models for soil spills that are based on compound concentrations in the environment.

Research paper thumbnail of Estudos sobre a oxidação aeróbia do metano na cobertura de três aterros sanitários no Brasil

Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental, 2009

A oxidação biológica e aeróbia do metano em materiais de cobertura de aterros de resíduos sólidos... more A oxidação biológica e aeróbia do metano em materiais de cobertura de aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos é uma das alternativas para se minimizarem as emissões dos gases de efeito estufa. Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a oxidação biológica do metano em material de cobertura de três aterros brasileiros (dois municipais e uma célula experimental). O trabalho consistiu na coleta de amostras dos solos, as quais foram caracterizadas através de ensaios geotécnicos e microbiológicos. Em laboratório, avaliou-se o consumo de metano de uma amostra de cada aterro. Os resultados revelaram a presença de bactérias metanotróficas e consumo de metano em laboratório, o que sugere que exista uma relação inversa entre o grau de saturação no momento da coleta e o número de bactérias metanotróficas.

Research paper thumbnail of Avaliação da influência do etanol sobre o grau de volatilização BTEX em solos impactados por derrames de gasolina/etanol

Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental, 2009

O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi a avaliação quantitativa da influência do etanol sobre a ... more O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi a avaliação quantitativa da influência do etanol sobre a volatilização de BTEX (benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos) em mistura de gasolina e etanol anidro 25% (v/v) em colunas experimentais, que simularam solos contaminados com gasolina pura e gasolina/etanol. Todos os BTEX apresentaram expressivo aumento das taxas de volatilização na coluna contendo a mistura gasolina/etanol. Porém, em termos percentuais, o maior e menor aumento nas taxas de volatilização foi observado para tolueno e benzeno, respectivamente. Em amostras de controle, com o percentual de etanol variando entre 0 e 25%, não foi observado aumento no grau de volatilização do etilbenzeno, enquanto que o grau de volatilização dos xilenos foi reduzido. Estes resultados sugerem que, além de forças de interação intermoleculares, efeitos de interação líquido/estrutura do solo podem estar exercendo importante papel na volatilização dos BTEX.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative environmental performance of semi-trailer load boxes for grain transport made of different materials

The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2009

Background, aim, and scope Semi-trailers with load boxes are the most important mode of grain tra... more Background, aim, and scope Semi-trailers with load boxes are the most important mode of grain transport by land in the world. Load boxes can be produced with different materials such as: wood, steel, and synthetic material. They are responsible for effectiveness retention and quality of grains during the transport. Among the main aspects to be considered and valued when selecting materials for load boxes are the final mass of the semi-trailer, loss of grains, and mechanical properties. Environmental performance is another important aspect to be taken into account for developing and selecting new materials in this kind of application. This study presents a comparative environmental evaluation of load boxes built from two different materials (a wood panel and a three-layer synthetic (TLS) panel). Mass balance and life cycle assessment (LCA) were used in this study. Materials and methods The TLS panel is made of polyvinyl chloride, metal, and wood sheets. The wood panel is composed of a marine plywood, protected with latex paint. Each semi-trailer is 7.1 m long and has two load boxes. Mass balance allowed the evaluation of the productive process itself, considering the different materials used, water and energy consumption and solid waste generation. LCA was applied to evaluate the environmental impacts associated with the production, use, and end-of-life (EOL) processes for the two different types of load box panels. LCA followed the ISO 14040 standard and was performed with the SimaPro 7.0 software. The functional unit of the load boxes is defined as: to allow and to protect the transportation of 40 tons per journey of dry grains, for 10 years, traveling 120,000 km per year. The databases selected for this study were local ones produced by different authors that presented Brazilian inventories (petroleum, PVC, wood, electrical energy, steel, and natural gas). When local databases were not available, inventories from Buwal and Ecoinvent were used. Impact evaluation was performed with the Eco-indicator 95 method. Results The mass of materials necessary to build wood panel load boxes is four times higher than the mass of material required to build the TLS panel load boxes. Furthermore, solid waste generation is ten times higher for the wood panels (on a mass basis). Water consumption is also higher for the production of the wood panel load boxes. However, the mass balance analysis showed that energy consumption during production is higher for a TLS panel load box than for the wood panel load box. The results of the LCA showed that the TLS panel load boxes provide superior environmental performance compared with wood panel load boxes. However, the wood boxes panel scored only 10.7% more impact points than the TLS panel load boxes in the LCA, considering all phases, including production, use, and end-of-life processes. The use phase is responsible for more than 96% of the total impact points for the wood panel load boxes. Impact points for the TLS load boxes are 33% higher than for the wood panel boxes during the production phase. Discussion The TLS load boxes offer greater durability than wood panel load boxes, resulting in a smaller number

Research paper thumbnail of The environmental aspects of the evaporation of BTEX from gasoline with and without ethanol

International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 2013

ABSTRACT In this work the vapours from two columns simulating gasoline-contaminated soils (with a... more ABSTRACT In this work the vapours from two columns simulating gasoline-contaminated soils (with and without ethanol) were monitored. Standards mixtures of BTEX, containing different ethanol contents were also analysed. The instrumental analysis was performed by Gas Chromatography with a Flame Ionisation Detector. Among BTEX, except benzene, in both columns the evaporation rate increases with time. In the gasoline/ethanol column this effect is higher particularly for the xylenes. Although the benzene concentrations were reduced in both columns, this reduction was less marked in the gasoline/ethanol column. The toluene concentrations were higher in the pure gasoline column.

Research paper thumbnail of Estudos sobre a oxida��o aer�bia do metano na cobertura de tr�s aterros sanit�rios no Brasil

Research paper thumbnail of Hierarchical Analytical Process (AHP) in Spatial Modeling of Flood Vulnerability in Mixed Environments

Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Relação Entre Estruturas Primárias e a Locação De Poços Tubulares: Análise Preliminar

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar dados preliminares que evidenciam uma relacao exi... more O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar dados preliminares que evidenciam uma relacao existente entre estruturas primarias das rochas vulcânicas da Formacao Serra Geral, com aquiferos fraturados e pocos tubulares produtivos. A area de estudo localiza-se na regiao nordeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul e em parte da bacia hidrografica Taquari-Antas. Nessa regiao observou-se que as zonas vesiculares/amigdaloides e as zonas de brechas vulcânicas sao condicionantes de aquiferos fraturados, visto que ha uma associacao de pocos tubulares produtivos (que nao estao associados com lineamentos) com essas zonas.

Research paper thumbnail of Groundwater impact assessment of infiltration structures for urban drainage control

We have proposed in this work the development of protocols to evaluate quali quantitative impacts... more We have proposed in this work the development of protocols to evaluate quali quantitative impacts of infiltration structures in aquifer. Protocols were created considering soil profile in three compartments: infiltration structure, vadose zone and aquifer. For each compartment we will need a model or an equation that calculate the outlet flux to the next compartment. We are testing both simplifying equations and popular softwares of flow and transport. The first was Chemflow. Its response was judged adequate for flow prediction above a retention basin with varying levels of water. The contaminant transport has not being tested yet. We have started the definition of impact categories that will be improved as the protocols project proceeds.

Research paper thumbnail of Hydrossedimentological Simulation of the Quatorze River Watershed, Francisco Beltrão (Paraná, Brazil)

Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ, 2017

Resumo O processo de erosão hídrica e o arraste dos sedimentos para os cursos d'agua é um fenômen... more Resumo O processo de erosão hídrica e o arraste dos sedimentos para os cursos d'agua é um fenômeno natural que vem sendo agravado pelas práticas inadequadas de uso, ocupação e manejo do solo, favorecendo o desenvolvimento de graves impactos ambientais, sociais e econômicos. Dentro desta perspectiva, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os processos hidrossedimentológicos da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Quatorze, utilizando o modelo hidrológico computacional SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools). Para atingir este objetivo utilizaram-se as seguintes metodologias: a) pesquisa de dados em referencial teórico específico da bacia; b) geração de banco de dados espaciais e tabulares e c) aplicação do Modelo SWAT para simulação da produção de sedimentos e do escoamento superficial. Os resultados obtidos a partir da simulação demonstraram a influência do uso e ocupação do solo sobre o processo erosivo, sendo geradas pequenas quantidades de sedimentos em áreas cobertas por floresta e grandes quantidades em áreas cobertas pela agricultura. A topografia também influenciou na produção de sedimentos, sendo que em bacias planas a perda de solo foi inferior comparada a relevos acidentados ou áreas íngremes. De uma forma geral, apesar das restrições dos dados e da não calibração, o modelo demonstrou ser relativamente eficaz, fornecendo informações de apoio para gestão ambiental de uso, ocupação e manejo do solo, reduzindo os impactos sobre os recursos hídricos.

Research paper thumbnail of Proposta Metodológica Para a Elaboração De Um Zoneamento Ambiental

Revista Brasileira De Cartografia, Sep 20, 2012

O Zoneamento Ambiental é um dos instrumentos da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente (Lei Federal N... more O Zoneamento Ambiental é um dos instrumentos da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente (Lei Federal N° 6.938), a qual estabelece normas para a preservação, proteção e melhoria da qualidade ambiental. O zoneamento consiste na segmentação de uma determinada região em zonas homogêneas, que apresentam as mesmas características ambientais, constituindo, desta forma, um mecanismo a disposição do poder público para o planejamento do território. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de elaborar um Zoneamento Ambiental para o município de Nova Alvorada/RS, a partir de dados relativos ao meio físico e biótico, constituindo uma das etapas para a elaboração de um cenário para a proposição de diretrizes e metas que visem definir, entre as alternativas possíveis, o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foram utilizados dados cartográficos e imagem de satélite, os quais permitiam a elaboração de mapas temáticos referentes aos recursos hídricos, malha viária, hipsometria, clinografia, uso e cobertura do solo, risco potencial a erosão dos solos e áreas de preservação permanente, que depois de avaliados e cruzados, geraram o mapa de Zoneamento Ambiental. Foram definidas seis zonas planejamento, como seguem: zona de uso agrícola 1 e 2, zona urbana consolidada, zona de expansão urbana, zona de proteção aos remanescentes florestais e zona proteção aos recursos hídricos, encostas e topos de morro.

Research paper thumbnail of Processos De Gestão Social e Participativa Do Risco Para Manejo De Águas Pluviais Em Comunidades Urbanas

Sustentabilidade e meio ambiente: rumos e estratégias para o futuro

Research paper thumbnail of Evolução da Gestão da Drenagem Urbana na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Itajaí-Açu

Revista de Gestão Ambiental e Sustentabilidade

EVOLUTION OF STORMWATER MANAGEMENT IN THE WATERSHED ITAJAI AÇU RIVER ABSTRACT Urban drainage syst... more EVOLUTION OF STORMWATER MANAGEMENT IN THE WATERSHED ITAJAI AÇU RIVER ABSTRACT Urban drainage systems are designed to prevent or reduce the occurrence of flooding and waterlogging. However, the management of this instrument is complex with municipalities, a reality found in the Itajaí Açu river basin, which is the region most affected by hydrological disasters in the State of Santa Catarina. A survey was carried out in 27 municipalities of the basin in 2012 and compared to a similar study developed in 1998. It was observed that urban drainage is usually linked to the construction sector, with interventions of an eminently structural and punctual nature, unrelated to comprehensive planning. In 2012, the managers did not consider the absence of an Urban Drainage Master Plan as a problem, contrary to what is predicted in the technical literature of Brazil and the world. Most of the municipalities have siltation in the water courses, but the maintenance and the desorption of these systems are not carried out periodically. In general, the main problems of municipalities are related to the lack of resources, which makes it impossible to manage drainage efficiently and the presence of a qualified technical staff. The panorama found was similar in both years of the research, that is, the evolution in the management of urban drainage was not significant in a horizon of 14 years. Urban drainage remains a secondary part of environmental sanitation, even in one of the major Brazilian river basins affected by natural disasters, demonstrating that the lack of a technical notion of the problem is one of the main obstacles to its proper management.

Research paper thumbnail of Application of Systems Thinking to the assessment of an institutional development project of river restoration at a campus university in Southern Brazil

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Research paper thumbnail of Use of shrimp-shell for adsorption of metals present in surface runoff

Water Science and Technology

This research analyzes the use of natural shrimp shell and commercial chitin for biosorption of m... more This research analyzes the use of natural shrimp shell and commercial chitin for biosorption of metal ions in surface runoff. Investigation of the use of these biosorbent materials in drainage systems becomes a management measure for two extremely important issues in Brazil, fish waste management and the surface runoff quality. Methodological procedures involved treatments with different amounts of unprocessed shrimp shell and commercial chitin (5g and 10g) for 200mL of a compensatory drainage mechanism (infiltration swale). The contact time of biosorbent and runoff was 24h and removal of metal ions Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cr was studied. Tests with unprocessed shrimp shell showed high concentrations of metallic ions (Pb, Ni, and Cu) causing contamination of the environment. However, the two biosorbents presented good removal of specific metallic ions (Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cr). These results indicate the need for a biosorbent pre-treatment prior to full-scale use. We indicate the nee...

Research paper thumbnail of Socio-technological tool for mapping susceptibility to urban flooding