Lêda Rita D'Antonino Faroni | Universidade Federal de Viçosa (original) (raw)
Papers by Lêda Rita D'Antonino Faroni
1 Agronomist Eng., Dr.; 2 Mechanical Eng., MSc.; 3 Agronomist Eng., MSc., Research of IRGA (Insti... more 1 Agronomist Eng., Dr.; 2 Mechanical Eng., MSc.; 3 Agronomist Eng., MSc., Research of IRGA (Instituto Rio Grandense do Arroz); 4 Chemistry Eng., MSc., Science and Technology Agroindustry Doctor Degree Student; 5 Agronomist Eng., Science and Technology Agroindustry Master Degree Student; 6 Agriculture Eng. student; 7 Agronomist Eng., Dr. Professor. 1 Post-harvest, Industrialization and Quality of Grains Laboratory, Science and Technology Agroindustry Department. Agronomy Faculty. Federal University of Pelotas. Phone: +55 53 3275 7258. Campus Universitário, UFPel, Caixa Postal 354, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS. Brazil. E-mail: eliasmc@ufpel.tche.br. * Corresponding author. Abstract
The influence of different storage conditions of soybean grains in the quality of the extracted o... more The influence of different storage conditions of soybean grains in the quality of the extracted oil was assessed. The soybean grains were harvested with moisture content around 18% and dried until 11.2, 12.8 and 14.8 % moisture content. The grains were subsequently stored at the following conditions of temperature and relative humidity for 11.2 % m.c.: 20 ºC and 61.7 %; 30 ºC and 67.9 %; 40 ºC and 69.4 %; for 12.8 % m.c.: 20 ºC and 73.7 %, 30 ºC and 76.7 % and 40 ºC and 80.8 %; and for grains with 14.8 % m.c.: 20 ºC and 82.7 %, 30 ºC and 83.9 % and 40 ºC and 85.3 %. Sampling was carried out every 45 days until 180 days of storage and the level of lipids and free fatty acids, besides the index of iodine and peroxide were determined. Despite of no change of iodine index taking place, the other parameters assessed in the extracted oil showed significant change during storage. Nonetheless, only the oil extract from soybean grains stored with initial moisture content of 12.8 % at 40 ºC a...
Proceedings of the Ninth International Working …, 2006
Chemical insecticides, including fumigants, disinfestants and grain protectants, are essential co... more Chemical insecticides, including fumigants, disinfestants and grain protectants, are essential components of grain insect pest management systems. This is particularly the case in warmer climates where insect infestation pressure is high. Because of health, safety, environmental and economic considerations, only a very limited number of chemicals is available for application to grain. A serious threat to the continued availability of these materials is the development of resistance in target pests. Worldwide , the fumigant phosphine is by far the most important insect control treatment for stored grain. There are no practical alternatives to this unique material. However, resistance to this fumigant has developed in major pest species in many regions threatening its continued viability. Incidence of resistance to residual grain protectants is widespread. Populations of major pest species have developed resistance to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and other agents such as methoprene and Bacillus thuringiensis. In some regions, the situation is precarious with insect populations containing multiple resistances leaving no effective protectant options available. Because grain protection chemicals are a rare resource, the ability to manage or reduce the impact of resistance is a priority. Effective management relies on early detection which can only be achieved with a routine monitoring system and a research capability to estimate the impact of resistance. Development of effective strategies requires understanding of the grain storage system, the ecology of the pest insects, the response of insects to various chemicals and other treatments, and some insight into resistance genetics. We need to be able to answer the questions: How is resistance selected? and, What can we do to reduce selection? Implementation requires cooperation between scientists and storage managers across the system.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 2009
The expansion of dryeration may impose a further problem for insect control with protectants - th... more The expansion of dryeration may impose a further problem for insect control with protectants - the high grain temperatures during insecticide spraying. To assess the impact of this procedure on insecticide activity, maize grains at different temperatures (25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 °C) were sprayed with pirimiphos-methyl. Residue analyses were carried out every 30 days and insecticide biological activity towards Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum was assessed every 15 days throughout the experimental period of 90 days. Insect mortality was evaluated after 48 h. Pirimiphos-methyl residue decreased with increased storage time and grain temperature during spraying. Similar trends were also observed for mortality of S. zeamais and T. castaneum, which dropped from around 100% for lower grain temperatures, shortly after spraying, to mortality values around 0% for higher temperatures and after 90 days of storage. These results indicate the drastic effect of grain temperatures during spr...
Pest Management Science, 2007
Resistance to fumigants has been frequently reported in insect pests of stored products and is on... more Resistance to fumigants has been frequently reported in insect pests of stored products and is one of the obstacles in controlling these pests. The authors studied phosphine resistance and its physiological basis in adult insects of 12 populations of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Tenebrionidae), ten populations of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Bostrichidae) and eight populations of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. (Silvanidae) from Brazil, and the possible existence of fitness costs associated with phosphine resistance in the absence of this fumigant. The bioassays for the detection of phosphine resistance followed the FAO standard method. The production of carbon dioxide and the instantaneous rate of population increase (ri) of each population of each species were correlated with their resistance ratios at the LC50. The resistance ratio at LC50 in T. castaneum ranged from 1.0‐ to 186.2‐fold, in R. dominica from 2.0‐ to 71.0‐fold and in O. surinamensis from 1.9‐ to 32.2‐fold. Ten populatio...
Neotropical Entomology, 2006
Interaction between Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) (Prostigmata: Acarophenacidae) and Ani... more Interaction between Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) (Prostigmata: Acarophenacidae) and Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) on Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) ABSTRACT-The interaction between Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) and Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) may be a promising tool for the integrated pest management of stored grain insect pests. The objective of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of these two natural enemies on Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius). The experimental units were petri dishes (140 x 10 mm) containing 30 g of whole wheat grains (13% water content) infested with 20 adults of R. dominica. The treatments consisted of inoculation of A. lacunatus and A. calandrae, separately and associated, in eight replicates. Three inoculations of fi ve adult females of the natural enemies were carried out in each petri dish at fi ve, ten and fi fteen days after the infestation of R. dominica. All treatments were stored during 60 days in environmental chamber at 30 ± 1°C, 60 ± 5% relative humidity and 24h scotophase. The smallest numbers of physogastric females of A. lacunatus and of adults of A. calandrae were obtained when the natural enemies were in association. The use of A. calandrae alone demonstrated a low instantaneous rate of increase (r i) of R. dominica and a high protection of the wheat grains. The association of A. calandrae with A. lacunatus led to the lowest number of immatures of R. dominica. These results demonstrate the importance of this interaction as a tool of for the integrated management of R. dominica in stored wheat grains.
Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2004
... José Roberto Gonc¸alves a , Leda Rita D'A. Faroni b & Raul Narciso C. Guedes a * pag... more ... José Roberto Gonc¸alves a , Leda Rita D'A. Faroni b & Raul Narciso C. Guedes a * pages 251-260. ... Guedes, RNC, Lima, JOG, Santos, JP and Cruz, CD 1995. ... 2.2 Insecticides and spraying. The organophosphate insecticides fenitrothion 500 EC (Iharabras SA, Sorocaba. ...
Revista Ambiente & Água, 2018
This work investigated the degradation of organic matter present in synthetic dairy wastewater by... more This work investigated the degradation of organic matter present in synthetic dairy wastewater by the combination of ozonation (ozone (O3)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)) and catalytic ozonation (ozone (O3)/manganese (Mn 2+)) associated with dispersed air flotation process. The effect of independent factors such as O3 concentration, pH and H2O2 and Mn 2+ concentration was evaluated. For the flotation/O3/H2O2 treatment, the significant variables (p ≤ 0.05) were: O3 concentration (linear and quadratic effect), H2O2 concentration linear and quadratic effect, pH values (linear and quadratic effect) and interaction O3 concentration versus pH. For catalytic ozonation, it was observed that the significant variable was the linear effect of O3 concentration. According to the desirability function, it was concluded that the optimal condition for the treatment of flotation/O3/H2O2 can be obtained in acidic solution using O3 concentrations greater than 42.9 mg L-1 combined with higher concentrations of H2O2 to 1071.5 mg L-1. On other hand, at pH values higher than 9.0, the addition of O3 may be neglected when using higher concentrations than 1071.5 mg L-1 of H2O2. For flotation/ozonation catalyzed by Mn 2+ , it was observed that metal addition did not affect treatment, resulting in an optimum condition: 53.8 mg L-1 of O3 and pH 3.6.
Revista Ciencia Agronomica, Aug 21, 2021
Engenharia Agricola, 2016
Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade de graos de feijao (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) ar... more Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade de graos de feijao (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) armazenados com diferentes teores de agua sob condicoes hermeticas. Graos de feijao com teores de agua de 12,3, 15,7 e 17,8% b.u. foram acondicionados em silos tipo bolsa (3 kg), garrafas pet (1,5 L) e recipientes de vidro (3 L) cobertos com organza (controle), e armazenados a temperatura de 25 °C e umidade relativa de 70±5% por 120 dias. Avaliou-se o teor de agua, massa especifica aparente, condutividade eletrica, percentual de germinacao, tempo de coccao e classificacao dos graos, a cada 30 dias. A excecao da condutividade eletrica e tempo de coccao, as demais caracteristicas foram mantidas por 120 dias nos graos armazenados com teores de agua de 12,3 e 15,7% b.u. em condicoes hermeticas. Nos graos armazenados com 17,8% b.u. ocorreu aumento no teor de agua, condutividade eletrica e tempo de coccao, e reducao na massa especifica aparente e na germinacao. No controle, independente do teor ...
Brazilian Journal of Food Technology, 2018
This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of ozone in the microbiological disinfection o... more This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of ozone in the microbiological disinfection of maize grains. Two kg samples of maize grains were used with moisture contents of 14.4% (w.b.), and 94% and 97% of natural infection by Penicillium spp and Aspergillus spp, respectively. The gas was applied at a concentration of 2.14 mg L-1 and flow rate of 5.8 L min-1 for 370 min at 25 ºC ± 2 ºC in order to determine the ozone concentration and saturation time of the maize grains. The experiment was installed according to a split plot design, with two treatments in the plots (atmospheric air and ozone gas) and exposure times of (0, 10, 20, 30 and 50 h) in the subplots, in a completely randomized design. It was shown that the ozone concentration and saturation time in the grain mass were 0.9874 mg L-1 and 138.56 min, respectively. Ozonation was effective in controlling storage fungi in the grain mass with 50 h of exposure to the gas, reducing the rate of incidence of Aspergillus spp (78...
Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science, 2018
This work investigated the degradation of organic matter present in synthetic dairy wastewater by... more This work investigated the degradation of organic matter present in synthetic dairy wastewater by the combination of ozonation (ozone (O3)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)) and catalytic ozonation (ozone (O3)/manganese (Mn2+)) associated with dispersed air flotation process. The effect of independent factors such as O3 concentration, pH and H2O2 and Mn2+ concentration was evaluated. For the flotation/O3/H2O2 treatment, the significant variables (p ≤ 0.05) were: O3 concentration (linear and quadratic effect), H2O2 concentration linear and quadratic effect, pH values (linear and quadratic effect) and interaction O3 concentration versus pH. For catalytic ozonation, it was observed that the significant variable was the linear effect of O3 concentration. According to the desirability function, it was concluded that the optimal condition for the treatment of flotation/O3/H2O2 can be obtained in acidic solution using O3 concentrations greater than 42.9 mg L-1 combined with higher concentrations o...
Food Research International, 2019
Treatment of tomatoes with ozone and detergent: removal of pesticides and storage quality Use of ... more Treatment of tomatoes with ozone and detergent: removal of pesticides and storage quality Use of ozone and detergent for removal of pesticides and improving storage quality of tomato
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018
Milk industry is one of the most important economy sectors in Brazil and in many countries. Howev... more Milk industry is one of the most important economy sectors in Brazil and in many countries. However, it is also the sector that most generates environmental impacts due to the large volume of waste generated and its high polluting load. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of a dissolved air flotation system to treat a synthetic milk industry wastewater. In the experiment, batch tests were carried out using a dissolved air flotation bench system with a flotation column and utilizing the turbidity removal efficiency as response variable for the analyses. For the study of the process, an experimental design was used to optimize the process, in two stages and in acid and basic media separately. In the first stage, a fractionated factorial design was used to test five factors and its range of values: Saturation pressure (4-10 bar); recirculation ratio (20-100%); pH (3-12); coagulant doses Ferrous sulfate (0-1000 mg L-1) and cationic organic polymer TanFloc (0-50 mg L-1). In the second stage a central rotational compound was designed for optimization of the process and determination of the best treatment. The inferences were made using: Pareto graph; generated models with their respective statistical parameters; contour plots and the response optimization function. As a result of the experiment it was possible to verify that the factors that significantly (p ≤ 0.1) affected the flotation process were the saturation pressure, pH and coagulant dose. The optimum treatment determined in the second phase was obtained in acid medium using saturation pressure of 10 bar, recirculation ratio of 20%, pH of 4 and ferrous sulfate concentration of 250.0 mg L-1 , obtaining removal efficiencies of 97.8% (turbidity), 83.1% (color), and 87.5% (chemical oxygen demand). The new approach used to study the optimization of the dissolved air flotation process proved to be a useful tool to determine the relevant factors and best operating parameters for the treatment of milk industry wastewater.
PLOS ONE, 2018
The use of plant essential oils has been shown to efficiently control insect pests of stored bean... more The use of plant essential oils has been shown to efficiently control insect pests of stored beans, significantly reducing the threats associated with synthetic insecticides. Here, we evaluated the potential of applications of essential oils of clove, Syzygium aromaticum L., and cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum L., to control Callosobruchus maculatus, considered as one of the most cosmopolitan pests of stored beans. Using four combinations of couples (i.e., unexposed couples, exposed females, exposed males, and exposed couples), we also evaluated how sublethal exposure to these essential oils impacted C. maculatus oviposition. Bioassays results revealed that both essential oils exhibited insecticidal activities similar to the synthetic pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin. Furthermore, oil dosage increments proportionately decreased the growth rate and reduced the losses in bean weight caused by cowpea weevils, and offspring emergence was almost abolished when parents were exposed to the LD 20 of each essential oil. Finally, significant oviposition impairments were perceived only in couples where females were exposed (i.e., females exposed and exposed couples) to the LD 20 of cinnamon and clove essential oils. Thus, by exhibiting similar insecticidal activities as synthetic insecticides and by significantly affecting the oviposition of sublethally exposed C. maculatus females, the cinnamon and clove essential oils represent valuable tools with potential of integration into the management of C. maculatus infestations.
Food chemistry, Jan 15, 2018
The present study aimed to optimize ozone (O3) treatments, as gas and dissolved in water, to remo... more The present study aimed to optimize ozone (O3) treatments, as gas and dissolved in water, to remove difenoconazole and linuron in carrots. We employed a central composite design to study three variables governing the efficacy of treatments: O3 concentration, temperature and treatment time. The temperature did not influence the efficacy of treatments. The removal percentage of pesticides increases with increases in ozone concentration and the time of treatment. O3 application promoted the removal of more than 80% of pesticides when the roots were exposed for approximately 120min at 5 and 10mgL-1, respectively, in treatments with O3 as gas and dissolved in water. After storage, pesticide removal was higher than 98% for difenoconazole and 95% for linuron. The degradation products from the pesticides resulting from treatment were monitored, but none were found. This is the first report demonstrating the removal of difenoconazole and linuron from carrots by ozone.
Engenharia Agrícola, 2017
The implementation of the ozonation process in the milling industry to control insect pests and i... more The implementation of the ozonation process in the milling industry to control insect pests and improve wheat flour qualities requires understanding the behavior of ozone during ozonation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the reaction kinetics of ozone gas in wheat flour. Wheat flour ozonation at concentrations of 0.54, 1.07, 1.61 and 2.14 mg L-1 was used in a prototype consisting of a cylinder and a mixing system with a helical thread. The iodometric titration method was used to quantify the ozone concentration in the air stream. The reaction kinetics were characterized by determining the saturation time and the decomposition kinetics (decay rate and half-life time). With increasing ozone concentration, less time was required to saturate the wheat flour. The saturation times were 812, 434, 370 and 342 min for ozone concentrations of 0.54, 1.07, 1.61 and 2.14 mg L-1 , respectively. Increasing the ozone concentration did not influence the constant decay rate and half-life time. The ozone decomposition kinetics could be represented by a first-order model, with a decay rate constant of 0.23±0.008 min-1 and a half-life time of 3.02±0.081 min.
Journal of Stored Products Research, 2017
This work investigates the kinetics of degradation of pirimiphos-methyl residues in maize grains ... more This work investigates the kinetics of degradation of pirimiphos-methyl residues in maize grains exposed to ozone gas and evaluates the effect of ozonation on grain quality. The assays employed maize grains treated with the insecticide, namely Actellic 500 CE ® (pirimiphos-methyl), which were exposed for different periods to ozone gas at a concentration of 0.86 mg L À1 , provided at a continuous flow rate of 1.0 L min À1. The insecticide residues were extracted from the grains using solid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Ozone effectively degraded more than 91% of the pirimiphos-methyl residues, with the degradation efficiency increasing in direct proportion to the duration of exposure to the gas. A first order kinetic model provided the best fit to the degradation data. The use of ozone gas did not alter the qualitative characteristics of the maize.
Journal of economic entomology, Jan 27, 2015
Essential oils have been suggested as suitable alternatives for controlling insect pests. However... more Essential oils have been suggested as suitable alternatives for controlling insect pests. However, the potential adaptive responses elicited in insects for mitigating the actions of these compounds have not received adequate attention. Furthermore, as is widely reported with traditional insecticides, sublethal exposure to essential oils might induce stimulatory responses or contribute to the development of resistance strategies that can compromise the management of insect pests. The current study evaluated the locomotory and respiratory responses as well as the number of larvae per grain produced by the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, after being sublethally exposed to the essential oils of clove, Syzygium aromaticum L., and cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum L. The essential oils showed similar insecticidal toxicity (exposure route: contact with dried residues; Clove LC95 = 3.96 [2.78-6.75] µl/cm(2); Cinnamon LC95 = 3.47 [2.75-4.73] µl/cm(2)). A stimulatory effect on the...
Revista Engenharia na Agricultura - REVENG, 2008
Em decorrência das perdas que ocorrem durante o período de armazenamento de grãos, objetivou-se c... more Em decorrência das perdas que ocorrem durante o período de armazenamento de grãos, objetivou-se com este trabalho quantificar a perda de matéria seca dos grãos de milho armazenados e infestados com Sitophilus zeamais, em diferentes condições de temperatura do ar ambiente, através da determinação da taxa respiratória pela produção de CO 2. Neste trabalho, foram utilizados grãos de milho da variedade BRS 3060, provenientes da EMBRAPA/CNPMS (Sete Lagoas, MG). Logo após a colheita, os grãos infestados com o inseto-praga, na proporção de 10 insetos por quilo de produto, foram armazenados dentro de recipientes, que permitiam a troca gasosa. Estes foram então, colocados em câmara do tipo BOD às temperaturas de 20, 25, 30, 35 e 40 °C. Para a determinação da produção de CO 2 e conseqüente perda de matéria seca, nos intervalos de zero, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 e 150 dias, os grãos de cada tratamento foram distribuídos em frascos de vidro, com volume igual a 800 mL, os quais foram mantidos hermeticamente fechados durante 24 horas. Após este intervalo, 5 mL de ar intergranular foi removido do interior dos frascos e injetado em um analisador de fluxo segmentado com detecção condutimétrica. Por meio da leitura obtida, da porosidade da massa de grãos, da curva-padrão do sistema e da equação dos gases perfeitos foram determinadas a taxa respiratória e a perda de matéria seca dos grãos de milho. A análise dos dados e a interpretação dos resultados obtidos, nas condições específicas deste trabalho, permitiram concluir que: o sistema em uso (analisador em fluxo bissegmentado) forneceu dados que permitiram o acompanhamento da taxa respiratória dos grãos e mostrou-se sensível para tal; a umidade dos grãos e a temperatura de armazenamento influenciam diretamente a taxa respiratória; as maiores taxas respiratórias e as maiores perdas de matéria seca devido à respiração dos grãos foram observadas para os grãos armazenados nas condições em que o inseto-praga se desenvolveu, ou seja, às temperaturas de 20, 25 e 30 °C.
1 Agronomist Eng., Dr.; 2 Mechanical Eng., MSc.; 3 Agronomist Eng., MSc., Research of IRGA (Insti... more 1 Agronomist Eng., Dr.; 2 Mechanical Eng., MSc.; 3 Agronomist Eng., MSc., Research of IRGA (Instituto Rio Grandense do Arroz); 4 Chemistry Eng., MSc., Science and Technology Agroindustry Doctor Degree Student; 5 Agronomist Eng., Science and Technology Agroindustry Master Degree Student; 6 Agriculture Eng. student; 7 Agronomist Eng., Dr. Professor. 1 Post-harvest, Industrialization and Quality of Grains Laboratory, Science and Technology Agroindustry Department. Agronomy Faculty. Federal University of Pelotas. Phone: +55 53 3275 7258. Campus Universitário, UFPel, Caixa Postal 354, CEP 96010-900, Capão do Leão, RS. Brazil. E-mail: eliasmc@ufpel.tche.br. * Corresponding author. Abstract
The influence of different storage conditions of soybean grains in the quality of the extracted o... more The influence of different storage conditions of soybean grains in the quality of the extracted oil was assessed. The soybean grains were harvested with moisture content around 18% and dried until 11.2, 12.8 and 14.8 % moisture content. The grains were subsequently stored at the following conditions of temperature and relative humidity for 11.2 % m.c.: 20 ºC and 61.7 %; 30 ºC and 67.9 %; 40 ºC and 69.4 %; for 12.8 % m.c.: 20 ºC and 73.7 %, 30 ºC and 76.7 % and 40 ºC and 80.8 %; and for grains with 14.8 % m.c.: 20 ºC and 82.7 %, 30 ºC and 83.9 % and 40 ºC and 85.3 %. Sampling was carried out every 45 days until 180 days of storage and the level of lipids and free fatty acids, besides the index of iodine and peroxide were determined. Despite of no change of iodine index taking place, the other parameters assessed in the extracted oil showed significant change during storage. Nonetheless, only the oil extract from soybean grains stored with initial moisture content of 12.8 % at 40 ºC a...
Proceedings of the Ninth International Working …, 2006
Chemical insecticides, including fumigants, disinfestants and grain protectants, are essential co... more Chemical insecticides, including fumigants, disinfestants and grain protectants, are essential components of grain insect pest management systems. This is particularly the case in warmer climates where insect infestation pressure is high. Because of health, safety, environmental and economic considerations, only a very limited number of chemicals is available for application to grain. A serious threat to the continued availability of these materials is the development of resistance in target pests. Worldwide , the fumigant phosphine is by far the most important insect control treatment for stored grain. There are no practical alternatives to this unique material. However, resistance to this fumigant has developed in major pest species in many regions threatening its continued viability. Incidence of resistance to residual grain protectants is widespread. Populations of major pest species have developed resistance to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and other agents such as methoprene and Bacillus thuringiensis. In some regions, the situation is precarious with insect populations containing multiple resistances leaving no effective protectant options available. Because grain protection chemicals are a rare resource, the ability to manage or reduce the impact of resistance is a priority. Effective management relies on early detection which can only be achieved with a routine monitoring system and a research capability to estimate the impact of resistance. Development of effective strategies requires understanding of the grain storage system, the ecology of the pest insects, the response of insects to various chemicals and other treatments, and some insight into resistance genetics. We need to be able to answer the questions: How is resistance selected? and, What can we do to reduce selection? Implementation requires cooperation between scientists and storage managers across the system.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 2009
The expansion of dryeration may impose a further problem for insect control with protectants - th... more The expansion of dryeration may impose a further problem for insect control with protectants - the high grain temperatures during insecticide spraying. To assess the impact of this procedure on insecticide activity, maize grains at different temperatures (25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 °C) were sprayed with pirimiphos-methyl. Residue analyses were carried out every 30 days and insecticide biological activity towards Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum was assessed every 15 days throughout the experimental period of 90 days. Insect mortality was evaluated after 48 h. Pirimiphos-methyl residue decreased with increased storage time and grain temperature during spraying. Similar trends were also observed for mortality of S. zeamais and T. castaneum, which dropped from around 100% for lower grain temperatures, shortly after spraying, to mortality values around 0% for higher temperatures and after 90 days of storage. These results indicate the drastic effect of grain temperatures during spr...
Pest Management Science, 2007
Resistance to fumigants has been frequently reported in insect pests of stored products and is on... more Resistance to fumigants has been frequently reported in insect pests of stored products and is one of the obstacles in controlling these pests. The authors studied phosphine resistance and its physiological basis in adult insects of 12 populations of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Tenebrionidae), ten populations of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Bostrichidae) and eight populations of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. (Silvanidae) from Brazil, and the possible existence of fitness costs associated with phosphine resistance in the absence of this fumigant. The bioassays for the detection of phosphine resistance followed the FAO standard method. The production of carbon dioxide and the instantaneous rate of population increase (ri) of each population of each species were correlated with their resistance ratios at the LC50. The resistance ratio at LC50 in T. castaneum ranged from 1.0‐ to 186.2‐fold, in R. dominica from 2.0‐ to 71.0‐fold and in O. surinamensis from 1.9‐ to 32.2‐fold. Ten populatio...
Neotropical Entomology, 2006
Interaction between Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) (Prostigmata: Acarophenacidae) and Ani... more Interaction between Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) (Prostigmata: Acarophenacidae) and Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) on Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) ABSTRACT-The interaction between Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) and Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) may be a promising tool for the integrated pest management of stored grain insect pests. The objective of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of these two natural enemies on Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius). The experimental units were petri dishes (140 x 10 mm) containing 30 g of whole wheat grains (13% water content) infested with 20 adults of R. dominica. The treatments consisted of inoculation of A. lacunatus and A. calandrae, separately and associated, in eight replicates. Three inoculations of fi ve adult females of the natural enemies were carried out in each petri dish at fi ve, ten and fi fteen days after the infestation of R. dominica. All treatments were stored during 60 days in environmental chamber at 30 ± 1°C, 60 ± 5% relative humidity and 24h scotophase. The smallest numbers of physogastric females of A. lacunatus and of adults of A. calandrae were obtained when the natural enemies were in association. The use of A. calandrae alone demonstrated a low instantaneous rate of increase (r i) of R. dominica and a high protection of the wheat grains. The association of A. calandrae with A. lacunatus led to the lowest number of immatures of R. dominica. These results demonstrate the importance of this interaction as a tool of for the integrated management of R. dominica in stored wheat grains.
Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2004
... José Roberto Gonc¸alves a , Leda Rita D'A. Faroni b & Raul Narciso C. Guedes a * pag... more ... José Roberto Gonc¸alves a , Leda Rita D'A. Faroni b & Raul Narciso C. Guedes a * pages 251-260. ... Guedes, RNC, Lima, JOG, Santos, JP and Cruz, CD 1995. ... 2.2 Insecticides and spraying. The organophosphate insecticides fenitrothion 500 EC (Iharabras SA, Sorocaba. ...
Revista Ambiente & Água, 2018
This work investigated the degradation of organic matter present in synthetic dairy wastewater by... more This work investigated the degradation of organic matter present in synthetic dairy wastewater by the combination of ozonation (ozone (O3)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)) and catalytic ozonation (ozone (O3)/manganese (Mn 2+)) associated with dispersed air flotation process. The effect of independent factors such as O3 concentration, pH and H2O2 and Mn 2+ concentration was evaluated. For the flotation/O3/H2O2 treatment, the significant variables (p ≤ 0.05) were: O3 concentration (linear and quadratic effect), H2O2 concentration linear and quadratic effect, pH values (linear and quadratic effect) and interaction O3 concentration versus pH. For catalytic ozonation, it was observed that the significant variable was the linear effect of O3 concentration. According to the desirability function, it was concluded that the optimal condition for the treatment of flotation/O3/H2O2 can be obtained in acidic solution using O3 concentrations greater than 42.9 mg L-1 combined with higher concentrations of H2O2 to 1071.5 mg L-1. On other hand, at pH values higher than 9.0, the addition of O3 may be neglected when using higher concentrations than 1071.5 mg L-1 of H2O2. For flotation/ozonation catalyzed by Mn 2+ , it was observed that metal addition did not affect treatment, resulting in an optimum condition: 53.8 mg L-1 of O3 and pH 3.6.
Revista Ciencia Agronomica, Aug 21, 2021
Engenharia Agricola, 2016
Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade de graos de feijao (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) ar... more Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade de graos de feijao (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) armazenados com diferentes teores de agua sob condicoes hermeticas. Graos de feijao com teores de agua de 12,3, 15,7 e 17,8% b.u. foram acondicionados em silos tipo bolsa (3 kg), garrafas pet (1,5 L) e recipientes de vidro (3 L) cobertos com organza (controle), e armazenados a temperatura de 25 °C e umidade relativa de 70±5% por 120 dias. Avaliou-se o teor de agua, massa especifica aparente, condutividade eletrica, percentual de germinacao, tempo de coccao e classificacao dos graos, a cada 30 dias. A excecao da condutividade eletrica e tempo de coccao, as demais caracteristicas foram mantidas por 120 dias nos graos armazenados com teores de agua de 12,3 e 15,7% b.u. em condicoes hermeticas. Nos graos armazenados com 17,8% b.u. ocorreu aumento no teor de agua, condutividade eletrica e tempo de coccao, e reducao na massa especifica aparente e na germinacao. No controle, independente do teor ...
Brazilian Journal of Food Technology, 2018
This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of ozone in the microbiological disinfection o... more This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of ozone in the microbiological disinfection of maize grains. Two kg samples of maize grains were used with moisture contents of 14.4% (w.b.), and 94% and 97% of natural infection by Penicillium spp and Aspergillus spp, respectively. The gas was applied at a concentration of 2.14 mg L-1 and flow rate of 5.8 L min-1 for 370 min at 25 ºC ± 2 ºC in order to determine the ozone concentration and saturation time of the maize grains. The experiment was installed according to a split plot design, with two treatments in the plots (atmospheric air and ozone gas) and exposure times of (0, 10, 20, 30 and 50 h) in the subplots, in a completely randomized design. It was shown that the ozone concentration and saturation time in the grain mass were 0.9874 mg L-1 and 138.56 min, respectively. Ozonation was effective in controlling storage fungi in the grain mass with 50 h of exposure to the gas, reducing the rate of incidence of Aspergillus spp (78...
Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science, 2018
This work investigated the degradation of organic matter present in synthetic dairy wastewater by... more This work investigated the degradation of organic matter present in synthetic dairy wastewater by the combination of ozonation (ozone (O3)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)) and catalytic ozonation (ozone (O3)/manganese (Mn2+)) associated with dispersed air flotation process. The effect of independent factors such as O3 concentration, pH and H2O2 and Mn2+ concentration was evaluated. For the flotation/O3/H2O2 treatment, the significant variables (p ≤ 0.05) were: O3 concentration (linear and quadratic effect), H2O2 concentration linear and quadratic effect, pH values (linear and quadratic effect) and interaction O3 concentration versus pH. For catalytic ozonation, it was observed that the significant variable was the linear effect of O3 concentration. According to the desirability function, it was concluded that the optimal condition for the treatment of flotation/O3/H2O2 can be obtained in acidic solution using O3 concentrations greater than 42.9 mg L-1 combined with higher concentrations o...
Food Research International, 2019
Treatment of tomatoes with ozone and detergent: removal of pesticides and storage quality Use of ... more Treatment of tomatoes with ozone and detergent: removal of pesticides and storage quality Use of ozone and detergent for removal of pesticides and improving storage quality of tomato
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018
Milk industry is one of the most important economy sectors in Brazil and in many countries. Howev... more Milk industry is one of the most important economy sectors in Brazil and in many countries. However, it is also the sector that most generates environmental impacts due to the large volume of waste generated and its high polluting load. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of a dissolved air flotation system to treat a synthetic milk industry wastewater. In the experiment, batch tests were carried out using a dissolved air flotation bench system with a flotation column and utilizing the turbidity removal efficiency as response variable for the analyses. For the study of the process, an experimental design was used to optimize the process, in two stages and in acid and basic media separately. In the first stage, a fractionated factorial design was used to test five factors and its range of values: Saturation pressure (4-10 bar); recirculation ratio (20-100%); pH (3-12); coagulant doses Ferrous sulfate (0-1000 mg L-1) and cationic organic polymer TanFloc (0-50 mg L-1). In the second stage a central rotational compound was designed for optimization of the process and determination of the best treatment. The inferences were made using: Pareto graph; generated models with their respective statistical parameters; contour plots and the response optimization function. As a result of the experiment it was possible to verify that the factors that significantly (p ≤ 0.1) affected the flotation process were the saturation pressure, pH and coagulant dose. The optimum treatment determined in the second phase was obtained in acid medium using saturation pressure of 10 bar, recirculation ratio of 20%, pH of 4 and ferrous sulfate concentration of 250.0 mg L-1 , obtaining removal efficiencies of 97.8% (turbidity), 83.1% (color), and 87.5% (chemical oxygen demand). The new approach used to study the optimization of the dissolved air flotation process proved to be a useful tool to determine the relevant factors and best operating parameters for the treatment of milk industry wastewater.
PLOS ONE, 2018
The use of plant essential oils has been shown to efficiently control insect pests of stored bean... more The use of plant essential oils has been shown to efficiently control insect pests of stored beans, significantly reducing the threats associated with synthetic insecticides. Here, we evaluated the potential of applications of essential oils of clove, Syzygium aromaticum L., and cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum L., to control Callosobruchus maculatus, considered as one of the most cosmopolitan pests of stored beans. Using four combinations of couples (i.e., unexposed couples, exposed females, exposed males, and exposed couples), we also evaluated how sublethal exposure to these essential oils impacted C. maculatus oviposition. Bioassays results revealed that both essential oils exhibited insecticidal activities similar to the synthetic pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin. Furthermore, oil dosage increments proportionately decreased the growth rate and reduced the losses in bean weight caused by cowpea weevils, and offspring emergence was almost abolished when parents were exposed to the LD 20 of each essential oil. Finally, significant oviposition impairments were perceived only in couples where females were exposed (i.e., females exposed and exposed couples) to the LD 20 of cinnamon and clove essential oils. Thus, by exhibiting similar insecticidal activities as synthetic insecticides and by significantly affecting the oviposition of sublethally exposed C. maculatus females, the cinnamon and clove essential oils represent valuable tools with potential of integration into the management of C. maculatus infestations.
Food chemistry, Jan 15, 2018
The present study aimed to optimize ozone (O3) treatments, as gas and dissolved in water, to remo... more The present study aimed to optimize ozone (O3) treatments, as gas and dissolved in water, to remove difenoconazole and linuron in carrots. We employed a central composite design to study three variables governing the efficacy of treatments: O3 concentration, temperature and treatment time. The temperature did not influence the efficacy of treatments. The removal percentage of pesticides increases with increases in ozone concentration and the time of treatment. O3 application promoted the removal of more than 80% of pesticides when the roots were exposed for approximately 120min at 5 and 10mgL-1, respectively, in treatments with O3 as gas and dissolved in water. After storage, pesticide removal was higher than 98% for difenoconazole and 95% for linuron. The degradation products from the pesticides resulting from treatment were monitored, but none were found. This is the first report demonstrating the removal of difenoconazole and linuron from carrots by ozone.
Engenharia Agrícola, 2017
The implementation of the ozonation process in the milling industry to control insect pests and i... more The implementation of the ozonation process in the milling industry to control insect pests and improve wheat flour qualities requires understanding the behavior of ozone during ozonation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the reaction kinetics of ozone gas in wheat flour. Wheat flour ozonation at concentrations of 0.54, 1.07, 1.61 and 2.14 mg L-1 was used in a prototype consisting of a cylinder and a mixing system with a helical thread. The iodometric titration method was used to quantify the ozone concentration in the air stream. The reaction kinetics were characterized by determining the saturation time and the decomposition kinetics (decay rate and half-life time). With increasing ozone concentration, less time was required to saturate the wheat flour. The saturation times were 812, 434, 370 and 342 min for ozone concentrations of 0.54, 1.07, 1.61 and 2.14 mg L-1 , respectively. Increasing the ozone concentration did not influence the constant decay rate and half-life time. The ozone decomposition kinetics could be represented by a first-order model, with a decay rate constant of 0.23±0.008 min-1 and a half-life time of 3.02±0.081 min.
Journal of Stored Products Research, 2017
This work investigates the kinetics of degradation of pirimiphos-methyl residues in maize grains ... more This work investigates the kinetics of degradation of pirimiphos-methyl residues in maize grains exposed to ozone gas and evaluates the effect of ozonation on grain quality. The assays employed maize grains treated with the insecticide, namely Actellic 500 CE ® (pirimiphos-methyl), which were exposed for different periods to ozone gas at a concentration of 0.86 mg L À1 , provided at a continuous flow rate of 1.0 L min À1. The insecticide residues were extracted from the grains using solid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Ozone effectively degraded more than 91% of the pirimiphos-methyl residues, with the degradation efficiency increasing in direct proportion to the duration of exposure to the gas. A first order kinetic model provided the best fit to the degradation data. The use of ozone gas did not alter the qualitative characteristics of the maize.
Journal of economic entomology, Jan 27, 2015
Essential oils have been suggested as suitable alternatives for controlling insect pests. However... more Essential oils have been suggested as suitable alternatives for controlling insect pests. However, the potential adaptive responses elicited in insects for mitigating the actions of these compounds have not received adequate attention. Furthermore, as is widely reported with traditional insecticides, sublethal exposure to essential oils might induce stimulatory responses or contribute to the development of resistance strategies that can compromise the management of insect pests. The current study evaluated the locomotory and respiratory responses as well as the number of larvae per grain produced by the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, after being sublethally exposed to the essential oils of clove, Syzygium aromaticum L., and cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum L. The essential oils showed similar insecticidal toxicity (exposure route: contact with dried residues; Clove LC95 = 3.96 [2.78-6.75] µl/cm(2); Cinnamon LC95 = 3.47 [2.75-4.73] µl/cm(2)). A stimulatory effect on the...
Revista Engenharia na Agricultura - REVENG, 2008
Em decorrência das perdas que ocorrem durante o período de armazenamento de grãos, objetivou-se c... more Em decorrência das perdas que ocorrem durante o período de armazenamento de grãos, objetivou-se com este trabalho quantificar a perda de matéria seca dos grãos de milho armazenados e infestados com Sitophilus zeamais, em diferentes condições de temperatura do ar ambiente, através da determinação da taxa respiratória pela produção de CO 2. Neste trabalho, foram utilizados grãos de milho da variedade BRS 3060, provenientes da EMBRAPA/CNPMS (Sete Lagoas, MG). Logo após a colheita, os grãos infestados com o inseto-praga, na proporção de 10 insetos por quilo de produto, foram armazenados dentro de recipientes, que permitiam a troca gasosa. Estes foram então, colocados em câmara do tipo BOD às temperaturas de 20, 25, 30, 35 e 40 °C. Para a determinação da produção de CO 2 e conseqüente perda de matéria seca, nos intervalos de zero, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 e 150 dias, os grãos de cada tratamento foram distribuídos em frascos de vidro, com volume igual a 800 mL, os quais foram mantidos hermeticamente fechados durante 24 horas. Após este intervalo, 5 mL de ar intergranular foi removido do interior dos frascos e injetado em um analisador de fluxo segmentado com detecção condutimétrica. Por meio da leitura obtida, da porosidade da massa de grãos, da curva-padrão do sistema e da equação dos gases perfeitos foram determinadas a taxa respiratória e a perda de matéria seca dos grãos de milho. A análise dos dados e a interpretação dos resultados obtidos, nas condições específicas deste trabalho, permitiram concluir que: o sistema em uso (analisador em fluxo bissegmentado) forneceu dados que permitiram o acompanhamento da taxa respiratória dos grãos e mostrou-se sensível para tal; a umidade dos grãos e a temperatura de armazenamento influenciam diretamente a taxa respiratória; as maiores taxas respiratórias e as maiores perdas de matéria seca devido à respiração dos grãos foram observadas para os grãos armazenados nas condições em que o inseto-praga se desenvolveu, ou seja, às temperaturas de 20, 25 e 30 °C.