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Papers by Renata Orłowska

Research paper thumbnail of Imperfection of the World Trade Organization as a Hazard for International Business

-358 -Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 2020

This paper examines the negative impact of the paralysis observed in the World Trade Organization... more This paper examines the negative impact of the paralysis observed in the World Trade Organization (WTO) functioning on international business. We provide an overview of the loopholes in the WTO rules and principles which became serious threats for the multilateral trading system. Our research identifies important loopholes in the MFN clause, DSB and Appellate Body. We bring clarity that the paralysis observed in the WTO functioning is a consequence of these factors. The deviations and exceptions of the WTO rules permit the WTO members to compete "unfairly". China is among the economies which are the most efficient in this respect. We term China's behaviour on the global market as "economic factitious disorder". It can be explained as permanently maintaining the status of a developing country by China and using preferences for LDCs despite a really high level of economic development. These findings indicate that the WTO lacks the mechanism to react and to prevent such abuses. They were not envisaged by the WTO creators, which suggests the need of the WTO reform. We contribute to international business research and the international organizations literature by identifying the causes of the paralysis of the WTO functioning.
Keywords: Multilateral Trading System;International Business;WTO;MFN;DSB;Appellate Body.

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Research paper thumbnail of Renata Orłowska

Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, 2011

This article presents immigration as an important issue discussed within European Union (EU). Th... more This article presents immigration as an important issue discussed within European Union (EU). The author shows some statistics on international migration, population stocks of national and foreign (non-national) citizens. In destination countries, international migration may be used as a tool to solve specific labour market shortages. At the same time though, international migration alone will almost certainly not reverse the ongoing trend of population ageing experienced in many parts of the EU. The main aim of this paper is to show that immigration is one of the most efficient objects of interest to European Union citizens and leaders. In the interest of the EU and its Member States is therefore to show that they are developing an overall strategy for managing migration for the benefit of all stakeholders: the European Union, its citizens, migrants and the source countries of migration. Migration policies within the EU are increasingly concerned with attracting a particular migrant profile, often in an attempt to alleviate specific skills shortages. Besides policies to encourage labour recruitment, immigration policy is often focused on two areas: preventing irregular migration and the illegal employment of migrants who are not permitted to work, and promoting the integration of immigrants into society. In the EU, significant resources have been mobilised to fight people smuggling and trafficking networks.
Keywords: EU immigration policy, international migration, labour force, labour market.
JEL classification: F22, J11.

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Research paper thumbnail of Imperfection of the World Trade Organization as a Hazard for International Business

Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 2020

This paper examines the negative impact of the paralysis observed in the World Trade Organization... more This paper examines the negative impact of the paralysis observed in the World Trade Organization (WTO) functioning on international business. We provide an overview of the loopholes in the WTO rules and principles which became serious threats for the multilateral trading system. Our research identifies important loopholes in the MFN clause, DSB and Appellate Body. We bring clarity that the paralysis observed in the WTO functioning is a consequence of these factors. The deviations and exceptions to the WTO rules permit the WTO members to compete "unfairly". China is among the economies which are the most efficient in this respect. We term China's behaviour on the global market as "economic factitious disorder". It can be explained as permanently maintaining the status of a developing country by China and using preferences for LDCs despite a really high level of economic development. These findings indicate that the WTO lacks the mechanism to react and to prevent such abuses. They were not envisaged by the WTO creators, which suggests the need of the WTO reform. We contribute to international business research and the international organizations' literature by identifying the causes of the paralysis of the WTO functioning.

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Research paper thumbnail of Immigration in the European Union in the Second Decade of the 21st Century: Problem or Solution?

Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, 2011

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Books by Renata Orłowska

Research paper thumbnail of Współpraca instytucji nauki i biznesu w Polsce i w USA. Raport

Publikacja jest efektem realizacji projektu współpracy ponadnarodowej "Uniwersytet jutra:umiędzyn... more Publikacja jest efektem realizacji projektu współpracy ponadnarodowej "Uniwersytet jutra:umiędzynarodowienie kształcenia w Uniwersytecie Gdańskim poprzez współpracę z Uniwersytetem Houston-Downtown (USA)". Publikacja zwiera wyniki badań, uwzględniające potrzeby edukacyjne i rynku pracy z punktu widzenia pracodawców, absolwentów i dydaktyków oraz studentów.

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Drafts by Renata Orłowska

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Cooperation between Institutions of Science and the Business Sector in Poland and in the USA

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Research paper thumbnail of Imperfection of the World Trade Organization as a Hazard for International Business

-358 -Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 2020

This paper examines the negative impact of the paralysis observed in the World Trade Organization... more This paper examines the negative impact of the paralysis observed in the World Trade Organization (WTO) functioning on international business. We provide an overview of the loopholes in the WTO rules and principles which became serious threats for the multilateral trading system. Our research identifies important loopholes in the MFN clause, DSB and Appellate Body. We bring clarity that the paralysis observed in the WTO functioning is a consequence of these factors. The deviations and exceptions of the WTO rules permit the WTO members to compete "unfairly". China is among the economies which are the most efficient in this respect. We term China's behaviour on the global market as "economic factitious disorder". It can be explained as permanently maintaining the status of a developing country by China and using preferences for LDCs despite a really high level of economic development. These findings indicate that the WTO lacks the mechanism to react and to prevent such abuses. They were not envisaged by the WTO creators, which suggests the need of the WTO reform. We contribute to international business research and the international organizations literature by identifying the causes of the paralysis of the WTO functioning.
Keywords: Multilateral Trading System;International Business;WTO;MFN;DSB;Appellate Body.

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Research paper thumbnail of Renata Orłowska

Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, 2011

This article presents immigration as an important issue discussed within European Union (EU). Th... more This article presents immigration as an important issue discussed within European Union (EU). The author shows some statistics on international migration, population stocks of national and foreign (non-national) citizens. In destination countries, international migration may be used as a tool to solve specific labour market shortages. At the same time though, international migration alone will almost certainly not reverse the ongoing trend of population ageing experienced in many parts of the EU. The main aim of this paper is to show that immigration is one of the most efficient objects of interest to European Union citizens and leaders. In the interest of the EU and its Member States is therefore to show that they are developing an overall strategy for managing migration for the benefit of all stakeholders: the European Union, its citizens, migrants and the source countries of migration. Migration policies within the EU are increasingly concerned with attracting a particular migrant profile, often in an attempt to alleviate specific skills shortages. Besides policies to encourage labour recruitment, immigration policy is often focused on two areas: preventing irregular migration and the illegal employment of migrants who are not permitted to work, and promoting the integration of immigrants into society. In the EU, significant resources have been mobilised to fight people smuggling and trafficking networks.
Keywords: EU immigration policy, international migration, labour force, labour market.
JEL classification: F22, J11.

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Research paper thumbnail of Imperfection of the World Trade Organization as a Hazard for International Business

Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 2020

This paper examines the negative impact of the paralysis observed in the World Trade Organization... more This paper examines the negative impact of the paralysis observed in the World Trade Organization (WTO) functioning on international business. We provide an overview of the loopholes in the WTO rules and principles which became serious threats for the multilateral trading system. Our research identifies important loopholes in the MFN clause, DSB and Appellate Body. We bring clarity that the paralysis observed in the WTO functioning is a consequence of these factors. The deviations and exceptions to the WTO rules permit the WTO members to compete "unfairly". China is among the economies which are the most efficient in this respect. We term China's behaviour on the global market as "economic factitious disorder". It can be explained as permanently maintaining the status of a developing country by China and using preferences for LDCs despite a really high level of economic development. These findings indicate that the WTO lacks the mechanism to react and to prevent such abuses. They were not envisaged by the WTO creators, which suggests the need of the WTO reform. We contribute to international business research and the international organizations' literature by identifying the causes of the paralysis of the WTO functioning.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Immigration in the European Union in the Second Decade of the 21st Century: Problem or Solution?

Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, 2011

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Research paper thumbnail of Współpraca instytucji nauki i biznesu w Polsce i w USA. Raport

Publikacja jest efektem realizacji projektu współpracy ponadnarodowej "Uniwersytet jutra:umiędzyn... more Publikacja jest efektem realizacji projektu współpracy ponadnarodowej "Uniwersytet jutra:umiędzynarodowienie kształcenia w Uniwersytecie Gdańskim poprzez współpracę z Uniwersytetem Houston-Downtown (USA)". Publikacja zwiera wyniki badań, uwzględniające potrzeby edukacyjne i rynku pracy z punktu widzenia pracodawców, absolwentów i dydaktyków oraz studentów.

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Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Cooperation between Institutions of Science and the Business Sector in Poland and in the USA

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact