Eric Hiariej | Universitas Gadjah Mada (Yogyakarta) (original) (raw)

Papers by Eric Hiariej

Research paper thumbnail of MENYOAL KEBEBASAN (Eric Hiariej)

Kompas, 2008

Dalam beberapa bulan terakhir dua perkembangan penting, yakni penerbitan karikatur bergambarkan N... more Dalam beberapa bulan terakhir dua perkembangan penting, yakni penerbitan karikatur bergambarkan Nabi Muhammad dan perdebatan seputar RUU anti pornografi dan porno aksi, menimbulkan pertanyaan mendasar tentang arti kebebasan. Karikatur nabi dan gambar cabul sulit diterima tapi kebebasan berekspresi adalah pilar terpenting demokrasi. Apakah ini semacam pil pahit yang harus ditelan jika ingin berdemokrasi? Ataukah kebebasan tetap ada batasnya dan-meminjam bahasa Orde Baru-harus bertanggung jawab? Kebebasan yang sekarang diperjuangkan banyak orang merupakan salah satu warisan terpenting Abad Pencerahan. Abad ini ditandai dengan munculnya sebuah gerakan pemikiran yang menekankan reason sebagai kekuatan yang memungkinkan manusia memahami-dan karenanya mengendalikan-dunia natural dan sosial secara obyektif. Newton, Bacon dan Descartes, diantaranya, percaya kemajuan sebuah masyarakat sangat tergantung pada kemampuan manusia menemukan pengetahuan yang memadai berdasarkan cara berpikir yang rasional baik melalui logika maupun observasi empirik. Implikasi politik radikalisme ini sangat luas. Sementara otoritas agama dan tradisi mulai diragukan, Abad Pencerahan merintis jalan bagi munculnya sebuah ekspetasi budaya yang menganggap nilai

Research paper thumbnail of Mengubah Topik Kekerasan

Commentaries, 2012

Slavoj Zizek mengajak kita untuk mencurigai diskursus humanitarian versi liberal tentang kekerasa... more Slavoj Zizek mengajak kita untuk mencurigai diskursus humanitarian versi liberal tentang kekerasan yang ia anggap mengidap "the fake sense of urgency". Kepalsuan ini berkaitan erat dengan koeksistensi yang terlalu konkrit, jelas dan nyata antara analisis di satu sisi dan tampilan data empirik di sisi lainnya dalam proses penggambaran terjadinya sebuah kekerasan. Kita sering membaca laporan tentang anak-anak yang meninggal akibat malnutrisi dalam hitungan menit, perempuan yang diperkosa di tempat-tempat umum hampir setiap hari dan penghinaan yang tidak ada hentinya terhadap para transgender. Urgensi yang tampil dalam pemberitaan seperti ini kerap menepis refleksi dan teorisasi karena yang sangat dibutuhkan segera adalah "tindakan". Bill Gates menegaskan urgensi (palsu) ini sebagai berikut: "What do computers matter when millions are still unnecessarily dying of dysentery?" Tapi urgensi yang sama tidak muncul ketika jutaan petani menjalani hidup yang semakin sengsara bahkan perlahan jatuh di bawah garis kehidupan yang normal akibat liberalisasi ekonomi. Tidak terdengar kepedulian humanitarian yang hingar bingar seperti menunjukkan adanya semacam mekanisme penyaringan yang memungkinkan berita semacam ini tidak berhasil menimbulkan implikasi yang optimal dalam medan simbolik para pemirsa. Dalam pergulatan memperebutkan hegemoni penderitaan, peristiwa semacam ini, menurut Zizek, telah memilih korban yang "salah"; sama persis dengan kematian sekitar empat juta orang dalam perang saudara di Republik Demokratik Kongo yang tidak begitu banayak mendapat perhatian dunia karena korbannya bukan anak-anak Palestina di Tepi Barat atau korban serangan 11 September. Zizek kemudian mengutip sebuah gurauan lama tentang seorang suami yang pulang ke rumah lebih awal dan menemukan isterinya di tempat tidur dengan lelaki lain. Isteri yang terperanjat langsung bertanya, "why have you come back early?" Sang suami dengan nada marah membalas, "what are you doing in bed with another man?" Isteri yang tertangkap basah dengan nada tenang menjawab, "I asked you a question first-don't try to squeeze out of it by changing the topic!" Situasi yang serupa, bagi Zizek, dialami diskursus tentang kekerasan. Tugas utamanya adalah "change the topic", beranjak dari seruan humanitarian untuk menghentikan kekerasan yang kasat mata dan bersifat subyektif menuju analisis tentang kekerasan yang juga memperhatikan keterkaiatan antara kekerasan jenis ini dengan kekerasan yang bersifat sistemik dan simbolik yang sering kali tidak terdeteksi dengan indra.

Research paper thumbnail of POST-FUNDAMENTALIST ISLAMISM AND THE POLITICS OF CITIZENSHIP IN INDONESIA

Politics of Citizenship, 2017

Since the beginning of 2000s Indonesia has witnessed the rise of Islamic fundamentalism. Its rise... more Since the beginning of 2000s Indonesia has witnessed the rise of Islamic fundamentalism. Its rise has been largely—though not necessarily—associated with brutal terrorist attacks in a number of places in Java and Bali; deadly religious conflicts in Ambon and Poso; and battering downs of the so called “places of vice” such as discotheque, karaoke bar and massage parlor across the country. At the heart of these movements is a demand to establish an Islamic state and implement shari’a—a sort of Islamic way of life. The movements want to do it by returning to the pristine Islam as practiced by the Prophet Muhammad and rely on method called jihad—largely understood as fighting against “enemies of Islam” in the name of Allah. Referring to Hiariej (2009) this study argues that the rise of Islamic fundamentalism should be seen as a part of a larger resistance against a particular structure of oppression. Taking the form of struggle for specific Islamic identity the resistance should be further understood in terms of the politics of representation, in which Islamic identity is produced and adopted through a number of discursive practices. This identity is hardly given, static and fixed; and constantly modified and reproduced within political frontiers of oppression and resistance found in the activists’ everyday life.

Research paper thumbnail of THE POSITION OF MINANG-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP IN THE HISTORY OF INTER-ETHNIC GROUPS RELATIONS IN PADANG, WEST SUMATRA (2016)

Generally studies on pribumi and Chinese relationship in Indonesia are dominated with conflict pe... more Generally studies on pribumi and Chinese relationship in Indonesia are dominated with conflict perspectives. In fact, in practice, the relationship between the two groups can be very dynamic. Amongst social tension arose between them, there are often stories about social harmony, social engagement and social cohesion. This is also what we found in the Minang-Chinese relationship in Padang, West Sumatra. The Minang-Chinese relationship in Padang, West Sumatra, in current period has been not only about social tension. In spite of the strong tension arose due to differences in ethnicity and religious belief, they are strongly tied in running local trading, political party, and other areas of public policy making. Competition in economy often stands together with cooperation. This similarly works in local politics, and, recently, community recovery post 2009-earthquake. Such dynamic relationships is inseparable from ethnic politics constructed throughout Padang history in the past. This paper sees that the relationships of Minang and Chinese are inseparable from the ethnic politics constructed throughout Padang history. This paper tries to portray briefly the journey of Minang and Chinese relationship in Padang and the politics that contextualizes the making of that relationship based on literature research and in-depth interviews. Despite its shortness, this paper is supposed to provide background information for those interested in discussing the issue of ethnicity in Padang and West Sumatra.

Research paper thumbnail of Rethinking the Border: In Search of Border Governance Concept

Taking the Indonesian-Malaysia border in the Province of West Kalimantan, Indonesia and Serawak, ... more Taking the Indonesian-Malaysia border in the Province of West Kalimantan, Indonesia and Serawak, Malaysia this research aims to delineate border as plural realities and how it has been governed. This research finds out that besides the 'state's border', there are other borders defined by various structures; based on ethnicity and economic networks which both formally and informally structure the understanding and behavior of the society in the region. Each has defines its own border which not necessarily in line with the state's border. These structures and the borders they define have been co-existing with the state's formal structure through various ways of arrangement which constitute the border governance in this region.

Research paper thumbnail of FORMASI NEGARA NEOLIBERAL DAN KEBANGKITAN KOMUNALISME

Books by Eric Hiariej

Research paper thumbnail of Democratic Institutions from Good Governance To Vibrant CSOS

Research paper thumbnail of MENYOAL KEBEBASAN (Eric Hiariej)

Kompas, 2008

Dalam beberapa bulan terakhir dua perkembangan penting, yakni penerbitan karikatur bergambarkan N... more Dalam beberapa bulan terakhir dua perkembangan penting, yakni penerbitan karikatur bergambarkan Nabi Muhammad dan perdebatan seputar RUU anti pornografi dan porno aksi, menimbulkan pertanyaan mendasar tentang arti kebebasan. Karikatur nabi dan gambar cabul sulit diterima tapi kebebasan berekspresi adalah pilar terpenting demokrasi. Apakah ini semacam pil pahit yang harus ditelan jika ingin berdemokrasi? Ataukah kebebasan tetap ada batasnya dan-meminjam bahasa Orde Baru-harus bertanggung jawab? Kebebasan yang sekarang diperjuangkan banyak orang merupakan salah satu warisan terpenting Abad Pencerahan. Abad ini ditandai dengan munculnya sebuah gerakan pemikiran yang menekankan reason sebagai kekuatan yang memungkinkan manusia memahami-dan karenanya mengendalikan-dunia natural dan sosial secara obyektif. Newton, Bacon dan Descartes, diantaranya, percaya kemajuan sebuah masyarakat sangat tergantung pada kemampuan manusia menemukan pengetahuan yang memadai berdasarkan cara berpikir yang rasional baik melalui logika maupun observasi empirik. Implikasi politik radikalisme ini sangat luas. Sementara otoritas agama dan tradisi mulai diragukan, Abad Pencerahan merintis jalan bagi munculnya sebuah ekspetasi budaya yang menganggap nilai

Research paper thumbnail of Mengubah Topik Kekerasan

Commentaries, 2012

Slavoj Zizek mengajak kita untuk mencurigai diskursus humanitarian versi liberal tentang kekerasa... more Slavoj Zizek mengajak kita untuk mencurigai diskursus humanitarian versi liberal tentang kekerasan yang ia anggap mengidap "the fake sense of urgency". Kepalsuan ini berkaitan erat dengan koeksistensi yang terlalu konkrit, jelas dan nyata antara analisis di satu sisi dan tampilan data empirik di sisi lainnya dalam proses penggambaran terjadinya sebuah kekerasan. Kita sering membaca laporan tentang anak-anak yang meninggal akibat malnutrisi dalam hitungan menit, perempuan yang diperkosa di tempat-tempat umum hampir setiap hari dan penghinaan yang tidak ada hentinya terhadap para transgender. Urgensi yang tampil dalam pemberitaan seperti ini kerap menepis refleksi dan teorisasi karena yang sangat dibutuhkan segera adalah "tindakan". Bill Gates menegaskan urgensi (palsu) ini sebagai berikut: "What do computers matter when millions are still unnecessarily dying of dysentery?" Tapi urgensi yang sama tidak muncul ketika jutaan petani menjalani hidup yang semakin sengsara bahkan perlahan jatuh di bawah garis kehidupan yang normal akibat liberalisasi ekonomi. Tidak terdengar kepedulian humanitarian yang hingar bingar seperti menunjukkan adanya semacam mekanisme penyaringan yang memungkinkan berita semacam ini tidak berhasil menimbulkan implikasi yang optimal dalam medan simbolik para pemirsa. Dalam pergulatan memperebutkan hegemoni penderitaan, peristiwa semacam ini, menurut Zizek, telah memilih korban yang "salah"; sama persis dengan kematian sekitar empat juta orang dalam perang saudara di Republik Demokratik Kongo yang tidak begitu banayak mendapat perhatian dunia karena korbannya bukan anak-anak Palestina di Tepi Barat atau korban serangan 11 September. Zizek kemudian mengutip sebuah gurauan lama tentang seorang suami yang pulang ke rumah lebih awal dan menemukan isterinya di tempat tidur dengan lelaki lain. Isteri yang terperanjat langsung bertanya, "why have you come back early?" Sang suami dengan nada marah membalas, "what are you doing in bed with another man?" Isteri yang tertangkap basah dengan nada tenang menjawab, "I asked you a question first-don't try to squeeze out of it by changing the topic!" Situasi yang serupa, bagi Zizek, dialami diskursus tentang kekerasan. Tugas utamanya adalah "change the topic", beranjak dari seruan humanitarian untuk menghentikan kekerasan yang kasat mata dan bersifat subyektif menuju analisis tentang kekerasan yang juga memperhatikan keterkaiatan antara kekerasan jenis ini dengan kekerasan yang bersifat sistemik dan simbolik yang sering kali tidak terdeteksi dengan indra.

Research paper thumbnail of POST-FUNDAMENTALIST ISLAMISM AND THE POLITICS OF CITIZENSHIP IN INDONESIA

Politics of Citizenship, 2017

Since the beginning of 2000s Indonesia has witnessed the rise of Islamic fundamentalism. Its rise... more Since the beginning of 2000s Indonesia has witnessed the rise of Islamic fundamentalism. Its rise has been largely—though not necessarily—associated with brutal terrorist attacks in a number of places in Java and Bali; deadly religious conflicts in Ambon and Poso; and battering downs of the so called “places of vice” such as discotheque, karaoke bar and massage parlor across the country. At the heart of these movements is a demand to establish an Islamic state and implement shari’a—a sort of Islamic way of life. The movements want to do it by returning to the pristine Islam as practiced by the Prophet Muhammad and rely on method called jihad—largely understood as fighting against “enemies of Islam” in the name of Allah. Referring to Hiariej (2009) this study argues that the rise of Islamic fundamentalism should be seen as a part of a larger resistance against a particular structure of oppression. Taking the form of struggle for specific Islamic identity the resistance should be further understood in terms of the politics of representation, in which Islamic identity is produced and adopted through a number of discursive practices. This identity is hardly given, static and fixed; and constantly modified and reproduced within political frontiers of oppression and resistance found in the activists’ everyday life.

Research paper thumbnail of THE POSITION OF MINANG-CHINESE RELATIONSHIP IN THE HISTORY OF INTER-ETHNIC GROUPS RELATIONS IN PADANG, WEST SUMATRA (2016)

Generally studies on pribumi and Chinese relationship in Indonesia are dominated with conflict pe... more Generally studies on pribumi and Chinese relationship in Indonesia are dominated with conflict perspectives. In fact, in practice, the relationship between the two groups can be very dynamic. Amongst social tension arose between them, there are often stories about social harmony, social engagement and social cohesion. This is also what we found in the Minang-Chinese relationship in Padang, West Sumatra. The Minang-Chinese relationship in Padang, West Sumatra, in current period has been not only about social tension. In spite of the strong tension arose due to differences in ethnicity and religious belief, they are strongly tied in running local trading, political party, and other areas of public policy making. Competition in economy often stands together with cooperation. This similarly works in local politics, and, recently, community recovery post 2009-earthquake. Such dynamic relationships is inseparable from ethnic politics constructed throughout Padang history in the past. This paper sees that the relationships of Minang and Chinese are inseparable from the ethnic politics constructed throughout Padang history. This paper tries to portray briefly the journey of Minang and Chinese relationship in Padang and the politics that contextualizes the making of that relationship based on literature research and in-depth interviews. Despite its shortness, this paper is supposed to provide background information for those interested in discussing the issue of ethnicity in Padang and West Sumatra.

Research paper thumbnail of Rethinking the Border: In Search of Border Governance Concept

Taking the Indonesian-Malaysia border in the Province of West Kalimantan, Indonesia and Serawak, ... more Taking the Indonesian-Malaysia border in the Province of West Kalimantan, Indonesia and Serawak, Malaysia this research aims to delineate border as plural realities and how it has been governed. This research finds out that besides the 'state's border', there are other borders defined by various structures; based on ethnicity and economic networks which both formally and informally structure the understanding and behavior of the society in the region. Each has defines its own border which not necessarily in line with the state's border. These structures and the borders they define have been co-existing with the state's formal structure through various ways of arrangement which constitute the border governance in this region.

Research paper thumbnail of FORMASI NEGARA NEOLIBERAL DAN KEBANGKITAN KOMUNALISME

Research paper thumbnail of Democratic Institutions from Good Governance To Vibrant CSOS