Randeep Kumar | Universitas Gadjah Mada (Yogyakarta) (original) (raw)

Papers by Randeep Kumar

Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 3: of Implementation fidelity of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling of tuberculosis patients under the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Kathmandu District of Nepal: an implementation research

Key Informant Interview and Indepth Interview Guide. (DOCX 16 kb)

Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 2: of Implementation fidelity of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling of tuberculosis patients under the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Kathmandu District of Nepal: an implementation research

Modified DOTS Center readiness assessment tool. (DOCX 31 kb)

Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 1: of Implementation fidelity of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling of tuberculosis patients under the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Kathmandu District of Nepal: an implementation research

Data extraction tool. (DOCX 14 kb)

Research paper thumbnail of Past , present and future of breast cancer in Nepal : A review

The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive outlook on existing evidence related t... more The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive outlook on existing evidence related to breast cancer in Nepal and provide a way forward. Different key words were used to search the articles in MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Google. In addition, grey literatures were searched and experts on related fields were contacted. We also looked into the references of each searched articles. BC cases are on the rise since 1990. It is more common among urban women aged 41-50. Majority of women presented self-detected mass at an advanced stage. Most common type of cancer was Invasive ductal carcinoma. Quality of life among BC patients was above average. History of BC treatment goes back to 1992 where first radiation therapy was started. Treatment services are being provided in seven major hospitals along and some private hospitals. BP Koirala memorial hospital is the first specialized cancer hospital in Nepal catering all kind of cancer treatment in Nepal. Different NGOs, government and cancer hospitals are working on prevention of BC in Nepal. Nepal has invested much in detection, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. It is high time when the resources should be diverted to primary prevention and early detection along with awareness creation.

Research paper thumbnail of MOESM1 of The addition of mobile SMS effectively improves dengue prevention practices in community: an implementation study in Nepal

Additional file 1. Research tools, Survey instruments (DOCX 43 kb)

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation fidelity of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling of tuberculosis patients under the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Kathmandu District of Nepal: an implementation research

BackgroundThere exists low uptake of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing among Tuberculosi... more BackgroundThere exists low uptake of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing among Tuberculosis (TB) patients through Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counseling (PITC) under the national TB control program in Nepal. The degree and quality of program delivery were explored through determining whether the PITC program is currently implemented as intended. This study aimed to assess three major components of the program’s implementation fidelity: adherence to PITC service, exposure, and quality of program delivery in order to optimize and standardize PITC implementation by exploring its barriers and enablers.MethodsThis research used a sequential explanatory mixed method design. Retrospective cross-sectional study of TB patients enrolled in five TB treatment centers of the Kathmandu district from July 1, 2016, to June 30, 2017 was done to assess PITC adherence to Direct Observed Treatment-Short Course (DOTS) protocols. The centers’ TB-DOTS readiness was assessed using the WHO Ser...

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation fidelity of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling of tuberculosis patients under the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Kathmandu District of Nepal: an implementation research

BMC Health Services Research, Aug 2, 2019

Background: There exists low uptake of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing among Tuberculo... more Background: There exists low uptake of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing among Tuberculosis (TB) patients through Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counseling (PITC) under the national TB control program in Nepal. The degree and quality of program delivery were explored through determining whether the PITC program is currently implemented as intended. This study aimed to assess three major components of the program's implementation fidelity: adherence to PITC service, exposure, and quality of program delivery in order to optimize and standardize PITC implementation by exploring its barriers and enablers. Methods: This research used a sequential explanatory mixed method design. Retrospective cross-sectional study of TB patients enrolled in five TB treatment centers of the Kathmandu district from July 1, 2016, to June 30, 2017 was done to assess PITC adherence to Direct Observed Treatment-Short Course (DOTS) protocols. The centers' TB-DOTS readiness was assessed using the WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment checklist. A qualitative study was conducted to explore the barriers and enablers of PITC service implementation. Results: From a total of 643 TB patients registered, 591 (92.1%) patients were offered HIV test counseling. Amongst those, 571 (96.6%) accepted and 523 (91.5%) were tested. Service providers' HIV knowledge was found to be good although only 2/5 (40%) had participated in PITC training. The key barriers experienced by service providers were: patients feeling offended, stigmatization and lack of human resources in DOTS centers. The main enablers for PITC were national TB program commitment, health workers' motivation, collaboration between stakeholders and external development partners' promotion of program implementation. Conclusion: In the selected study sites, PITC services are well integrated into the routine TB control program with a high uptake of HIV testing among registered TB patients. This achievement should be sustained by addressing the identified barriers mainly in the quality of the PITC program delivery.

Research paper thumbnail of The addition of mobile SMS effectively improves dengue prevention practices in community: an implementation study in Nepal

BMC Health Services Research, Oct 15, 2019

Background: Dengue is an emerging vector disease with frequent outbreaks in Nepal that pose a maj... more Background: Dengue is an emerging vector disease with frequent outbreaks in Nepal that pose a major threat to public health. Dengue control activities are mostly outbreak driven, and still lack systematic interventions while most people have poor health-related knowledge and practices. Mobile Short Message Service (SMS) represents a low-cost health promotion intervention that can enhance the dengue prevention knowledge and practices of the affected communities. This study aimed to explore the acceptability, appropriateness, and effectiveness of mobile SMS intervention in improving dengue control practices. Methods: This study was an implementation research that used mixed-methods design with intervention. A total of 300 households were divided into three groups, i.e. one control group, one dengue prevention leaflet (DPL) only intervention group and one DPL with mobile SMS intervention group (DPL + SMS). We used a structured questionnaire to collect information regarding participants' knowledge and practice of dengue prevention. We conducted in-depth interviews with key informants to measure acceptability and appropriateness of intervention. Mean difference with standard deviation (SD), one-way ANOVA, paired t-test and regression analyses were used to assess the effectiveness of the interventions. Thematic analysis was used to assess the acceptability, and appropriateness as well as barriers and enablers of the intervention. Results: The DPL + SMS intervention produced significantly higher mean knowledge difference (32.7 ± 13.7 SD vs. 13.3 ± 8.8 SD) and mean practice difference (27.9 ± 11.4 SD vs 4.9 ± 5.4 SD) compared to the DPL only group (p = 0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that the DPL + SMS intervention was effective to increase knowledge by 28.6 points and practice by 28.1 points compared to the control group. The intervention was perceived as acceptable and appropriate by the study participants and key stakeholders. Perceived barriers included reaching private network users and poor network in geographically remote areas, while enabling factors included mobile phone penetration, low cost, and shared responsibility. Conclusions: Mobile SMS is an effective, acceptable and appropriate health intervention to improve dengue prevention practices in communities. This intervention can be adopted as a promising tool for health education against dengue and other diseases.

Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 3: of Implementation fidelity of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling of tuberculosis patients under the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Kathmandu District of Nepal: an implementation research

Key Informant Interview and Indepth Interview Guide. (DOCX 16 kb)

Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 2: of Implementation fidelity of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling of tuberculosis patients under the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Kathmandu District of Nepal: an implementation research

Modified DOTS Center readiness assessment tool. (DOCX 31 kb)

Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 1: of Implementation fidelity of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling of tuberculosis patients under the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Kathmandu District of Nepal: an implementation research

Data extraction tool. (DOCX 14 kb)

Research paper thumbnail of Past , present and future of breast cancer in Nepal : A review

The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive outlook on existing evidence related t... more The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive outlook on existing evidence related to breast cancer in Nepal and provide a way forward. Different key words were used to search the articles in MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Google. In addition, grey literatures were searched and experts on related fields were contacted. We also looked into the references of each searched articles. BC cases are on the rise since 1990. It is more common among urban women aged 41-50. Majority of women presented self-detected mass at an advanced stage. Most common type of cancer was Invasive ductal carcinoma. Quality of life among BC patients was above average. History of BC treatment goes back to 1992 where first radiation therapy was started. Treatment services are being provided in seven major hospitals along and some private hospitals. BP Koirala memorial hospital is the first specialized cancer hospital in Nepal catering all kind of cancer treatment in Nepal. Different NGOs, government and cancer hospitals are working on prevention of BC in Nepal. Nepal has invested much in detection, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. It is high time when the resources should be diverted to primary prevention and early detection along with awareness creation.

Research paper thumbnail of MOESM1 of The addition of mobile SMS effectively improves dengue prevention practices in community: an implementation study in Nepal

Additional file 1. Research tools, Survey instruments (DOCX 43 kb)

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation fidelity of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling of tuberculosis patients under the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Kathmandu District of Nepal: an implementation research

BackgroundThere exists low uptake of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing among Tuberculosi... more BackgroundThere exists low uptake of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing among Tuberculosis (TB) patients through Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counseling (PITC) under the national TB control program in Nepal. The degree and quality of program delivery were explored through determining whether the PITC program is currently implemented as intended. This study aimed to assess three major components of the program’s implementation fidelity: adherence to PITC service, exposure, and quality of program delivery in order to optimize and standardize PITC implementation by exploring its barriers and enablers.MethodsThis research used a sequential explanatory mixed method design. Retrospective cross-sectional study of TB patients enrolled in five TB treatment centers of the Kathmandu district from July 1, 2016, to June 30, 2017 was done to assess PITC adherence to Direct Observed Treatment-Short Course (DOTS) protocols. The centers’ TB-DOTS readiness was assessed using the WHO Ser...

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation fidelity of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling of tuberculosis patients under the National Tuberculosis Control Program in Kathmandu District of Nepal: an implementation research

BMC Health Services Research, Aug 2, 2019

Background: There exists low uptake of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing among Tuberculo... more Background: There exists low uptake of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) testing among Tuberculosis (TB) patients through Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counseling (PITC) under the national TB control program in Nepal. The degree and quality of program delivery were explored through determining whether the PITC program is currently implemented as intended. This study aimed to assess three major components of the program's implementation fidelity: adherence to PITC service, exposure, and quality of program delivery in order to optimize and standardize PITC implementation by exploring its barriers and enablers. Methods: This research used a sequential explanatory mixed method design. Retrospective cross-sectional study of TB patients enrolled in five TB treatment centers of the Kathmandu district from July 1, 2016, to June 30, 2017 was done to assess PITC adherence to Direct Observed Treatment-Short Course (DOTS) protocols. The centers' TB-DOTS readiness was assessed using the WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment checklist. A qualitative study was conducted to explore the barriers and enablers of PITC service implementation. Results: From a total of 643 TB patients registered, 591 (92.1%) patients were offered HIV test counseling. Amongst those, 571 (96.6%) accepted and 523 (91.5%) were tested. Service providers' HIV knowledge was found to be good although only 2/5 (40%) had participated in PITC training. The key barriers experienced by service providers were: patients feeling offended, stigmatization and lack of human resources in DOTS centers. The main enablers for PITC were national TB program commitment, health workers' motivation, collaboration between stakeholders and external development partners' promotion of program implementation. Conclusion: In the selected study sites, PITC services are well integrated into the routine TB control program with a high uptake of HIV testing among registered TB patients. This achievement should be sustained by addressing the identified barriers mainly in the quality of the PITC program delivery.

Research paper thumbnail of The addition of mobile SMS effectively improves dengue prevention practices in community: an implementation study in Nepal

BMC Health Services Research, Oct 15, 2019

Background: Dengue is an emerging vector disease with frequent outbreaks in Nepal that pose a maj... more Background: Dengue is an emerging vector disease with frequent outbreaks in Nepal that pose a major threat to public health. Dengue control activities are mostly outbreak driven, and still lack systematic interventions while most people have poor health-related knowledge and practices. Mobile Short Message Service (SMS) represents a low-cost health promotion intervention that can enhance the dengue prevention knowledge and practices of the affected communities. This study aimed to explore the acceptability, appropriateness, and effectiveness of mobile SMS intervention in improving dengue control practices. Methods: This study was an implementation research that used mixed-methods design with intervention. A total of 300 households were divided into three groups, i.e. one control group, one dengue prevention leaflet (DPL) only intervention group and one DPL with mobile SMS intervention group (DPL + SMS). We used a structured questionnaire to collect information regarding participants' knowledge and practice of dengue prevention. We conducted in-depth interviews with key informants to measure acceptability and appropriateness of intervention. Mean difference with standard deviation (SD), one-way ANOVA, paired t-test and regression analyses were used to assess the effectiveness of the interventions. Thematic analysis was used to assess the acceptability, and appropriateness as well as barriers and enablers of the intervention. Results: The DPL + SMS intervention produced significantly higher mean knowledge difference (32.7 ± 13.7 SD vs. 13.3 ± 8.8 SD) and mean practice difference (27.9 ± 11.4 SD vs 4.9 ± 5.4 SD) compared to the DPL only group (p = 0.000). Multivariate analysis showed that the DPL + SMS intervention was effective to increase knowledge by 28.6 points and practice by 28.1 points compared to the control group. The intervention was perceived as acceptable and appropriate by the study participants and key stakeholders. Perceived barriers included reaching private network users and poor network in geographically remote areas, while enabling factors included mobile phone penetration, low cost, and shared responsibility. Conclusions: Mobile SMS is an effective, acceptable and appropriate health intervention to improve dengue prevention practices in communities. This intervention can be adopted as a promising tool for health education against dengue and other diseases.