Girum Nakie | University of Gondar (original) (raw)

Papers by Girum Nakie

Research paper thumbnail of Exposure to stress-full life events and help-seeking behaviors among reproductive-age women in Northwest Ethiopia: Community-based cross-sectional study

Journal of Affective Disorders

Research paper thumbnail of Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among adults exposed to stress in Ethiopia: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Sage Open Medicine, 2023

Objective: Post-traumatic stress disorder is a complex psychiatric disorder that develops after e... more Objective: Post-traumatic stress disorder is a complex psychiatric disorder that develops after exposure to traumatic events, such as violent physical assaults, accidents, rape, natural disasters, and conflicts, stranger than usual human experiences. The typical presentation of intrusive thoughts, the persistence of the trauma, the avoidance of pertinent stimuli, emotional numbness, and physiological hyperarousal are the characteristics of this anxiety symptom. Despite the presence of a study conducted on this problem, the pooled effect, particularly in Ethiopia, is not known; therefore, this study assessed the allover burden of post-traumatic stress disorder. Method: The available study was extracted and conducted on post-traumatic stress disorder and its associated factors in Ethiopia by three independent authors. The data were analyzed by using STATA version 11 after extraction was done on a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled effect size of post-traumatic stress disorder and its effect in the previous studies with 95% confidence intervals. Funnel plots analysis and Egger regression tests were conducted to detect the presence of publication bias. A subgroup analysis and a sensitivity analysis were done. Result: Thirteen (13) studies were included with a total of 5874 study participants in this meta-analysis and systematic reviews. The pooled prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in Ethiopia was 39.28% with a 95% confidence interval (26.54, 52.01). Poor social support (adjusted odds ratio = 2.86; 95% confidence interval (1.81, 4.53)), being female (adjusted odds ratio = 1.89; 95% confidence interval (1.53, 2.34)), presence of previous mental illness (adjusted odds ratio = 4.72; 95% confidence interval (2.62, 8.36)), and witness (adjusted odds ratio = 2.01; 95% confidence interval (1.30, 3.11)) were associated with post-traumatic stress disorder. Conclusion: The burden of post-traumatic stress disorder in this meta-analysis and systematic review is high; therefore, immediate intervention is needed for those specific traumatized individuals.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among high school students in, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

BMC Psychiatry, Nov 28, 2022

Background: Many studies have revealed that students' performance in school, is affected by sympt... more Background: Many studies have revealed that students' performance in school, is affected by symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, which may impair their academic achievement, and lead to school dropout. However, to date, no studies have evaluated these three disorders among high school students in Africa. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and their associated factors among high school students in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 849 participants from six high schools in Northwest Ethiopia. A self-administered Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 25.0 software to identify factors associated with DAS, and bi-variable and multi-variable analyses were performed. Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 41.4, 66.7, and 52.2% respectively. Being female (AOR = 1.304, 95% CI = 1.006-1.849), higher risky khat chewers (AOR = 5.595, 95% CI = 2.357-11.132), having social phobia (AOR = 1.416, 95% CI = 1.045-1.919) were associated with depression. Being higher risky cigarette smokers (AOR = 4.777, 95% CI = 1.407-7304), having a history of chronic medical illness (AOR = 2.099, 95% CI = 1.045-4.218), and having a family history of mental illness (AOR = 1.777, 95% CI = 1.028-3.073) associated with anxiety. Stress was associated with high-risk alcohol drinkers (AOR = 1.828, 95% CI = 1.012-3.303), rural residency (AOR = 1.395, 95%CI = 1.010-1.925), and low social support (AOR 1.7391, 95% CI = 1.203-2.515). Conclusion: The burden of DAS among high school students was found to be high. Female sex, chewing khat, and having social phobia are associated with depression. Conversely, smoking cigarettes, having a chronic medical illness, and having a family history of mental illness are all linked to anxiety. Being a highly risky alcoholic drinker, having poor social support, and being a rural resident are positively associated with stress. Therefore, extending mental health services to all high schools, and strengthening the existing counseling services, are recommended.

Research paper thumbnail of Depressive symptoms and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: an institution-based cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Jun 21, 2023

Background: Depression during pregnancy has a significant impact on public health as it can adver... more Background: Depression during pregnancy has a significant impact on public health as it can adversely a ect both the mother's and the child's health. These can have devastating e ects on the mother, the unborn child, and the entire family. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women attending antenatal care services at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia from May to June .

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of depressive symptoms and their associated factors among older adults in Yirgalem town, Southern Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Mar 29, 2023

Background: Depression is a serious mental health issue and the largest contributor to disability... more Background: Depression is a serious mental health issue and the largest contributor to disability worldwide. Elderly people with depression are significantly more likely to experience negative outcomes such as poor physical health, strained social relationships, and decreased quality of life. Studies on geriatric depression are limited in developing nations like Ethiopia. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among older adults in Yirgalem, Southern Ethiopia, in 2022. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 628 older adults in Yirgalem town from May 15 to June 15, 2022. The study subjects were selected using a multi-stage systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using the 15-item Geriatric depression scale through face-to-face interviews. The collected data were edited, cleaned, coded, and entered into Epi data version 4.6 software and analyzed using STATA version 14. Bivariable and multivariate logistic regression analysis was computed to identify factors associated with depression, and statistical significance was declared at a 95% confidence interval with a P-value less than 0.05. Results: A total of 620 older adults were included in the study, with a response rate of 97.8%. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among older adults was 51.77% (95%

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among high school adolescents in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Oct 25, 2022

Background: Social phobia is the third most common mental illness in the world. It harms educatio... more Background: Social phobia is the third most common mental illness in the world. It harms educational achievement by increasing school absentees and prevents students to participate in class, and this leads to a significant impairment of the emotional, psychological, social, and physical wellbeing of students. The research done regarding social phobia and associated factors among high school students in low-and middle-income countries is limited. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among adolescents and have a pivotal role in further investigation. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among high school adolescents in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021. Materials and methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 April to 14 May 2021, by using a simple random sampling technique to select a sample of 936 participants after proportional allocation to the six high schools. Social phobia was assessed by using the social phobia inventory (SPIN), independent variables like social support were assessed by Oslo social support scale, substance-related factors by ASSIST, and the rest of the other factors were assessed by structured questionnaires. Binary and multivariate analyses were done to identify factors associated with social phobia. Statistical significance was declared at a 95% confidence interval (CI) of p-value less than or equal to 0.05. Result: The prevalence of social phobia among adolescents was found to be 40.2% (95% CI 37.0 to 43.4%). In the multivariable analysis, female sex (AOR = 1.374, 95% CI = 1.016, 1.858), poor social support (AOR = 2.408, 95% CI = 1.660, 3.493), having known chronic medical illness (AOR = 2.131, 95% CI = 1.173, 3.870), having a history of mental illness in the family (AOR = 1.723, 95% CI = 1.071, 2.773), and is highly risky alcohol user (AOR = 1.992 95% CI 1.034, 3.838) were factors significantly associated with social phobia symptoms. Frontiers in Psychiatry 01 frontiersin.org Nakie et al. 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.949124 Conclusion: The overall prevalence of SP among adolescents was high. Therefore, early detection and adequate intervention are crucial to reducing the overall burden of social phobia among adolescents.

Research paper thumbnail of Poor Quality of Sleep among Women during the perinatal period in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background Sleep is a very crucial physiological process for human beings. During pregnancy and t... more Background Sleep is a very crucial physiological process for human beings. During pregnancy and the postpartum period, sleep becomes very vital and it needs additional total sleep time for a better pregnancy outcome. However, poor sleep quality remains a major public health concern, particularly for perinatal women. Therefore, the pooled prevalence and risk factors from the study will provide a more conclusive result to take evidence-based measures against poor sleep in perinatal women. Methods Ten published studies with a total of 4,297 participants were included. All appropriate databases and grey literature were searched to get relevant articles. Studies reporting the prevalence and associated risk factors of poor sleep quality among perinatal women were included. The quality of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment Scale (NOS). Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel 2010 and the analysis was done using STATA version 11 software. The pooled prev...

Research paper thumbnail of Depressive symptoms and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: an institution-based cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Psychiatry

BackgroundDepression during pregnancy has a significant impact on public health as it can adverse... more BackgroundDepression during pregnancy has a significant impact on public health as it can adversely affect both the mother's and the child's health. These can have devastating effects on the mother, the unborn child, and the entire family.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia.MethodAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women attending antenatal care services at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia from May to June 2022.MeasurementThe desired data were collected through face-to-face interview techniques by using validated questionnaires such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Oslo-3 social support scale, and the Abuse Assessment Screen tools. The data were analyzed by using SPSS Version 25. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with antenatal depressive symptoms. Variables having a ...

Research paper thumbnail of Suicidal ideation and attempts among high school students of war- affected area at Woldia town, Northeast, Ethiopia, 2022

BMC Psychiatry

Background Suicidal ideation and attempts usually occur during adolescence time, and living in wa... more Background Suicidal ideation and attempts usually occur during adolescence time, and living in war- affected area make the problem more predominate and severe. To the best of our knowledge, there were no studies done among high school students who live in war affected areas in Ethiopia. Objective We assessed the prevalence and factors associated with suicide ideation and suicide attempts among high school students of war- affected area at Woldia town, Northeast, Ethiopia. Methods School based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 23 to June 08, 2022.Data were collected from high school students in Woldia town, Ethiopia. Pretested, self-administered Amharic-language questionnaire was used to collect the data. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the independent factors associated with suicide ideation and attempt. Results A total of 668 of the 707 sampled students participated in the study (94.5% response rate). The prevalence of suicidal ideat...

Research paper thumbnail of Social phobia of Ethiopian students: meta-analysis and systematic review

Systematic Reviews

Background Social anxiety disorder is defined as the fear of social situations, incorporating sit... more Background Social anxiety disorder is defined as the fear of social situations, incorporating situations that involve contact with strangers. People highly fear embarrassing themselves which includes situations like social gatherings, oral presentations, and meeting new people. People with social phobia have nonspecific fears of practicing vague or, performing specific tasks like eating or speaking in front of others. In people with social anxiety disorder, worry can arise from both the circumstance itself and embarrassment from others, for students, social phobia is an overwhelming fear of speaking in front of others or giving presentations in class. The prevalence of social phobia among different studies in Ethiopia was inconsistent and inconclusive therefore, this study showed the cumulative burden of social phobia among students in Ethiopia. Method Observational studies published on social phobia and associated factors among students in Ethiopia were included in this study based...

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among high school students in, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

BMC Psychiatry

Background Many studies have revealed that students’ performance in school, is affected by sympto... more Background Many studies have revealed that students’ performance in school, is affected by symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, which may impair their academic achievement, and lead to school dropout. However, to date, no studies have evaluated these three disorders among high school students in Africa. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and their associated factors among high school students in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 849 participants from six high schools in Northwest Ethiopia. A self-administered Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 25.0 software to identify factors associated with DAS, and bi-variable and multi-variable analyses were performed. Results The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 41.4...

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among high school adolescents in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Frontiers in Psychiatry

BackgroundSocial phobia is the third most common mental illness in the world. It harms educationa... more BackgroundSocial phobia is the third most common mental illness in the world. It harms educational achievement by increasing school absentees and prevents students to participate in class, and this leads to a significant impairment of the emotional, psychological, social, and physical wellbeing of students. The research done regarding social phobia and associated factors among high school students in low- and middle-income countries is limited. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among adolescents and have a pivotal role in further investigation.ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among high school adolescents in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021.Materials and methodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 April to 14 May 2021, by using a simple random sampling technique to select a sample of 936 participants after proportional allocation to the six high schools. Social p...

Research paper thumbnail of Sleep quality and associated factors among nurses working at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest, Ethiopia

Frontiers in Psychiatry

BackgroundPoor sleep quality is common among nurses. This problem possibly results in negative em... more BackgroundPoor sleep quality is common among nurses. This problem possibly results in negative emotional and psychological consequences in nurses which secondary affect their work performances. However, in Ethiopia, there is a paucity of information about poor sleep quality and associated factors among nurses. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated factors among nurses working at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 542 nurses who worked at University of Gondar (UOG), Tibebe Ghion, Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Ethiopia, who were incorporated into the study through a simple random sampling technique from 1 May to 2 June 2021. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) with a cut score of above 5 was used to assess sleep quality using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Other tools used are Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (...

Research paper thumbnail of Substance use and associated factors among high school students in Northwest Ethiopia

Pan African Medical Journal

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among high school students in, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

BMC Psychiatry, Nov 28, 2022

Background: Many studies have revealed that students' performance in school, is affected by sympt... more Background: Many studies have revealed that students' performance in school, is affected by symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, which may impair their academic achievement, and lead to school dropout. However, to date, no studies have evaluated these three disorders among high school students in Africa. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and their associated factors among high school students in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 849 participants from six high schools in Northwest Ethiopia. A self-administered Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 25.0 software to identify factors associated with DAS, and bi-variable and multi-variable analyses were performed. Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 41.4, 66.7, and 52.2% respectively. Being female (AOR = 1.304, 95% CI = 1.006-1.849), higher risky khat chewers (AOR = 5.595, 95% CI = 2.357-11.132), having social phobia (AOR = 1.416, 95% CI = 1.045-1.919) were associated with depression. Being higher risky cigarette smokers (AOR = 4.777, 95% CI = 1.407-7304), having a history of chronic medical illness (AOR = 2.099, 95% CI = 1.045-4.218), and having a family history of mental illness (AOR = 1.777, 95% CI = 1.028-3.073) associated with anxiety. Stress was associated with high-risk alcohol drinkers (AOR = 1.828, 95% CI = 1.012-3.303), rural residency (AOR = 1.395, 95%CI = 1.010-1.925), and low social support (AOR 1.7391, 95% CI = 1.203-2.515). Conclusion: The burden of DAS among high school students was found to be high. Female sex, chewing khat, and having social phobia are associated with depression. Conversely, smoking cigarettes, having a chronic medical illness, and having a family history of mental illness are all linked to anxiety. Being a highly risky alcoholic drinker, having poor social support, and being a rural resident are positively associated with stress. Therefore, extending mental health services to all high schools, and strengthening the existing counseling services, are recommended.

Research paper thumbnail of Exposure to stress-full life events and help-seeking behaviors among reproductive-age women in Northwest Ethiopia: Community-based cross-sectional study

Journal of Affective Disorders

Research paper thumbnail of Post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among adults exposed to stress in Ethiopia: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Sage Open Medicine, 2023

Objective: Post-traumatic stress disorder is a complex psychiatric disorder that develops after e... more Objective: Post-traumatic stress disorder is a complex psychiatric disorder that develops after exposure to traumatic events, such as violent physical assaults, accidents, rape, natural disasters, and conflicts, stranger than usual human experiences. The typical presentation of intrusive thoughts, the persistence of the trauma, the avoidance of pertinent stimuli, emotional numbness, and physiological hyperarousal are the characteristics of this anxiety symptom. Despite the presence of a study conducted on this problem, the pooled effect, particularly in Ethiopia, is not known; therefore, this study assessed the allover burden of post-traumatic stress disorder. Method: The available study was extracted and conducted on post-traumatic stress disorder and its associated factors in Ethiopia by three independent authors. The data were analyzed by using STATA version 11 after extraction was done on a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled effect size of post-traumatic stress disorder and its effect in the previous studies with 95% confidence intervals. Funnel plots analysis and Egger regression tests were conducted to detect the presence of publication bias. A subgroup analysis and a sensitivity analysis were done. Result: Thirteen (13) studies were included with a total of 5874 study participants in this meta-analysis and systematic reviews. The pooled prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in Ethiopia was 39.28% with a 95% confidence interval (26.54, 52.01). Poor social support (adjusted odds ratio = 2.86; 95% confidence interval (1.81, 4.53)), being female (adjusted odds ratio = 1.89; 95% confidence interval (1.53, 2.34)), presence of previous mental illness (adjusted odds ratio = 4.72; 95% confidence interval (2.62, 8.36)), and witness (adjusted odds ratio = 2.01; 95% confidence interval (1.30, 3.11)) were associated with post-traumatic stress disorder. Conclusion: The burden of post-traumatic stress disorder in this meta-analysis and systematic review is high; therefore, immediate intervention is needed for those specific traumatized individuals.

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among high school students in, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

BMC Psychiatry, Nov 28, 2022

Background: Many studies have revealed that students' performance in school, is affected by sympt... more Background: Many studies have revealed that students' performance in school, is affected by symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, which may impair their academic achievement, and lead to school dropout. However, to date, no studies have evaluated these three disorders among high school students in Africa. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and their associated factors among high school students in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 849 participants from six high schools in Northwest Ethiopia. A self-administered Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 25.0 software to identify factors associated with DAS, and bi-variable and multi-variable analyses were performed. Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 41.4, 66.7, and 52.2% respectively. Being female (AOR = 1.304, 95% CI = 1.006-1.849), higher risky khat chewers (AOR = 5.595, 95% CI = 2.357-11.132), having social phobia (AOR = 1.416, 95% CI = 1.045-1.919) were associated with depression. Being higher risky cigarette smokers (AOR = 4.777, 95% CI = 1.407-7304), having a history of chronic medical illness (AOR = 2.099, 95% CI = 1.045-4.218), and having a family history of mental illness (AOR = 1.777, 95% CI = 1.028-3.073) associated with anxiety. Stress was associated with high-risk alcohol drinkers (AOR = 1.828, 95% CI = 1.012-3.303), rural residency (AOR = 1.395, 95%CI = 1.010-1.925), and low social support (AOR 1.7391, 95% CI = 1.203-2.515). Conclusion: The burden of DAS among high school students was found to be high. Female sex, chewing khat, and having social phobia are associated with depression. Conversely, smoking cigarettes, having a chronic medical illness, and having a family history of mental illness are all linked to anxiety. Being a highly risky alcoholic drinker, having poor social support, and being a rural resident are positively associated with stress. Therefore, extending mental health services to all high schools, and strengthening the existing counseling services, are recommended.

Research paper thumbnail of Depressive symptoms and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: an institution-based cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Jun 21, 2023

Background: Depression during pregnancy has a significant impact on public health as it can adver... more Background: Depression during pregnancy has a significant impact on public health as it can adversely a ect both the mother's and the child's health. These can have devastating e ects on the mother, the unborn child, and the entire family. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women attending antenatal care services at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia from May to June .

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of depressive symptoms and their associated factors among older adults in Yirgalem town, Southern Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Mar 29, 2023

Background: Depression is a serious mental health issue and the largest contributor to disability... more Background: Depression is a serious mental health issue and the largest contributor to disability worldwide. Elderly people with depression are significantly more likely to experience negative outcomes such as poor physical health, strained social relationships, and decreased quality of life. Studies on geriatric depression are limited in developing nations like Ethiopia. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among older adults in Yirgalem, Southern Ethiopia, in 2022. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 628 older adults in Yirgalem town from May 15 to June 15, 2022. The study subjects were selected using a multi-stage systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using the 15-item Geriatric depression scale through face-to-face interviews. The collected data were edited, cleaned, coded, and entered into Epi data version 4.6 software and analyzed using STATA version 14. Bivariable and multivariate logistic regression analysis was computed to identify factors associated with depression, and statistical significance was declared at a 95% confidence interval with a P-value less than 0.05. Results: A total of 620 older adults were included in the study, with a response rate of 97.8%. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among older adults was 51.77% (95%

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among high school adolescents in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Oct 25, 2022

Background: Social phobia is the third most common mental illness in the world. It harms educatio... more Background: Social phobia is the third most common mental illness in the world. It harms educational achievement by increasing school absentees and prevents students to participate in class, and this leads to a significant impairment of the emotional, psychological, social, and physical wellbeing of students. The research done regarding social phobia and associated factors among high school students in low-and middle-income countries is limited. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among adolescents and have a pivotal role in further investigation. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among high school adolescents in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021. Materials and methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 April to 14 May 2021, by using a simple random sampling technique to select a sample of 936 participants after proportional allocation to the six high schools. Social phobia was assessed by using the social phobia inventory (SPIN), independent variables like social support were assessed by Oslo social support scale, substance-related factors by ASSIST, and the rest of the other factors were assessed by structured questionnaires. Binary and multivariate analyses were done to identify factors associated with social phobia. Statistical significance was declared at a 95% confidence interval (CI) of p-value less than or equal to 0.05. Result: The prevalence of social phobia among adolescents was found to be 40.2% (95% CI 37.0 to 43.4%). In the multivariable analysis, female sex (AOR = 1.374, 95% CI = 1.016, 1.858), poor social support (AOR = 2.408, 95% CI = 1.660, 3.493), having known chronic medical illness (AOR = 2.131, 95% CI = 1.173, 3.870), having a history of mental illness in the family (AOR = 1.723, 95% CI = 1.071, 2.773), and is highly risky alcohol user (AOR = 1.992 95% CI 1.034, 3.838) were factors significantly associated with social phobia symptoms. Frontiers in Psychiatry 01 frontiersin.org Nakie et al. 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.949124 Conclusion: The overall prevalence of SP among adolescents was high. Therefore, early detection and adequate intervention are crucial to reducing the overall burden of social phobia among adolescents.

Research paper thumbnail of Poor Quality of Sleep among Women during the perinatal period in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background Sleep is a very crucial physiological process for human beings. During pregnancy and t... more Background Sleep is a very crucial physiological process for human beings. During pregnancy and the postpartum period, sleep becomes very vital and it needs additional total sleep time for a better pregnancy outcome. However, poor sleep quality remains a major public health concern, particularly for perinatal women. Therefore, the pooled prevalence and risk factors from the study will provide a more conclusive result to take evidence-based measures against poor sleep in perinatal women. Methods Ten published studies with a total of 4,297 participants were included. All appropriate databases and grey literature were searched to get relevant articles. Studies reporting the prevalence and associated risk factors of poor sleep quality among perinatal women were included. The quality of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment Scale (NOS). Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel 2010 and the analysis was done using STATA version 11 software. The pooled prev...

Research paper thumbnail of Depressive symptoms and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: an institution-based cross-sectional study

Frontiers in Psychiatry

BackgroundDepression during pregnancy has a significant impact on public health as it can adverse... more BackgroundDepression during pregnancy has a significant impact on public health as it can adversely affect both the mother's and the child's health. These can have devastating effects on the mother, the unborn child, and the entire family.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia.MethodAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women attending antenatal care services at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia from May to June 2022.MeasurementThe desired data were collected through face-to-face interview techniques by using validated questionnaires such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Oslo-3 social support scale, and the Abuse Assessment Screen tools. The data were analyzed by using SPSS Version 25. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with antenatal depressive symptoms. Variables having a ...

Research paper thumbnail of Suicidal ideation and attempts among high school students of war- affected area at Woldia town, Northeast, Ethiopia, 2022

BMC Psychiatry

Background Suicidal ideation and attempts usually occur during adolescence time, and living in wa... more Background Suicidal ideation and attempts usually occur during adolescence time, and living in war- affected area make the problem more predominate and severe. To the best of our knowledge, there were no studies done among high school students who live in war affected areas in Ethiopia. Objective We assessed the prevalence and factors associated with suicide ideation and suicide attempts among high school students of war- affected area at Woldia town, Northeast, Ethiopia. Methods School based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 23 to June 08, 2022.Data were collected from high school students in Woldia town, Ethiopia. Pretested, self-administered Amharic-language questionnaire was used to collect the data. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the independent factors associated with suicide ideation and attempt. Results A total of 668 of the 707 sampled students participated in the study (94.5% response rate). The prevalence of suicidal ideat...

Research paper thumbnail of Social phobia of Ethiopian students: meta-analysis and systematic review

Systematic Reviews

Background Social anxiety disorder is defined as the fear of social situations, incorporating sit... more Background Social anxiety disorder is defined as the fear of social situations, incorporating situations that involve contact with strangers. People highly fear embarrassing themselves which includes situations like social gatherings, oral presentations, and meeting new people. People with social phobia have nonspecific fears of practicing vague or, performing specific tasks like eating or speaking in front of others. In people with social anxiety disorder, worry can arise from both the circumstance itself and embarrassment from others, for students, social phobia is an overwhelming fear of speaking in front of others or giving presentations in class. The prevalence of social phobia among different studies in Ethiopia was inconsistent and inconclusive therefore, this study showed the cumulative burden of social phobia among students in Ethiopia. Method Observational studies published on social phobia and associated factors among students in Ethiopia were included in this study based...

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among high school students in, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

BMC Psychiatry

Background Many studies have revealed that students’ performance in school, is affected by sympto... more Background Many studies have revealed that students’ performance in school, is affected by symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, which may impair their academic achievement, and lead to school dropout. However, to date, no studies have evaluated these three disorders among high school students in Africa. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and their associated factors among high school students in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 849 participants from six high schools in Northwest Ethiopia. A self-administered Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 25.0 software to identify factors associated with DAS, and bi-variable and multi-variable analyses were performed. Results The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 41.4...

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among high school adolescents in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Frontiers in Psychiatry

BackgroundSocial phobia is the third most common mental illness in the world. It harms educationa... more BackgroundSocial phobia is the third most common mental illness in the world. It harms educational achievement by increasing school absentees and prevents students to participate in class, and this leads to a significant impairment of the emotional, psychological, social, and physical wellbeing of students. The research done regarding social phobia and associated factors among high school students in low- and middle-income countries is limited. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among adolescents and have a pivotal role in further investigation.ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among high school adolescents in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021.Materials and methodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 April to 14 May 2021, by using a simple random sampling technique to select a sample of 936 participants after proportional allocation to the six high schools. Social p...

Research paper thumbnail of Sleep quality and associated factors among nurses working at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest, Ethiopia

Frontiers in Psychiatry

BackgroundPoor sleep quality is common among nurses. This problem possibly results in negative em... more BackgroundPoor sleep quality is common among nurses. This problem possibly results in negative emotional and psychological consequences in nurses which secondary affect their work performances. However, in Ethiopia, there is a paucity of information about poor sleep quality and associated factors among nurses. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated factors among nurses working at comprehensive specialized hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 542 nurses who worked at University of Gondar (UOG), Tibebe Ghion, Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Ethiopia, who were incorporated into the study through a simple random sampling technique from 1 May to 2 June 2021. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) with a cut score of above 5 was used to assess sleep quality using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Other tools used are Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (...

Research paper thumbnail of Substance use and associated factors among high school students in Northwest Ethiopia

Pan African Medical Journal

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among high school students in, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

BMC Psychiatry, Nov 28, 2022

Background: Many studies have revealed that students' performance in school, is affected by sympt... more Background: Many studies have revealed that students' performance in school, is affected by symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, which may impair their academic achievement, and lead to school dropout. However, to date, no studies have evaluated these three disorders among high school students in Africa. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and their associated factors among high school students in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 849 participants from six high schools in Northwest Ethiopia. A self-administered Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 25.0 software to identify factors associated with DAS, and bi-variable and multi-variable analyses were performed. Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 41.4, 66.7, and 52.2% respectively. Being female (AOR = 1.304, 95% CI = 1.006-1.849), higher risky khat chewers (AOR = 5.595, 95% CI = 2.357-11.132), having social phobia (AOR = 1.416, 95% CI = 1.045-1.919) were associated with depression. Being higher risky cigarette smokers (AOR = 4.777, 95% CI = 1.407-7304), having a history of chronic medical illness (AOR = 2.099, 95% CI = 1.045-4.218), and having a family history of mental illness (AOR = 1.777, 95% CI = 1.028-3.073) associated with anxiety. Stress was associated with high-risk alcohol drinkers (AOR = 1.828, 95% CI = 1.012-3.303), rural residency (AOR = 1.395, 95%CI = 1.010-1.925), and low social support (AOR 1.7391, 95% CI = 1.203-2.515). Conclusion: The burden of DAS among high school students was found to be high. Female sex, chewing khat, and having social phobia are associated with depression. Conversely, smoking cigarettes, having a chronic medical illness, and having a family history of mental illness are all linked to anxiety. Being a highly risky alcoholic drinker, having poor social support, and being a rural resident are positively associated with stress. Therefore, extending mental health services to all high schools, and strengthening the existing counseling services, are recommended.