Pilar Aranda | Universidad de Granada (original) (raw)
Papers by Pilar Aranda
Nutricion hospitalaria, Jan 25, 2014
Introduction: It is well established that soy protein diets as well as aerobic exercise could pro... more Introduction: It is well established that soy protein diets as well as aerobic exercise could promote antioxidant capacity and consequently reduce free radicals overproduction on brain. However, little is know regarding to the high-protein diets and high intensity exercise on oxidative stress production. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of high-protein diets and high-intensity exercise (HIE) on brain oxidative stress markers. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in 4 experimental groups (n=10): normal-protein or high-protein diets with or without HIE for an experimental period of 12 weeks. Main oxidative damage markers in brain such as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARs) and protein carbonyl content (PCC) were assessed. In addition, brain manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), cooper/ zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzymes activity, and protein level of Nuclear factor erythr...
EDULEARN Proceedings, 2021
Biology
Our aim was to examine whether vanadium (IV) corrects alterations in zinc, copper and manganese h... more Our aim was to examine whether vanadium (IV) corrects alterations in zinc, copper and manganese homeostasis, observed in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats, and whether such changes are related to divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) mRNA expression, and antioxidant and proinflammatory parameters. Four groups of Wistar rats were examined: control; hyperglycemic (H); hyperglycemic treated with 1 mg V/day (HV); and hyperglycemic treated with 3 mg V/day (HVH). Vanadium was supplied in drinking water as bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) for five weeks. Zinc, copper and manganese were measured in food, excreta, serum and tissues. DMT1 mRNA expression was quantified in the liver. Hyperglycemic rats showed increased Zn and Cu absorption and content in the liver, serum, kidneys and femurs; DMT1 expression also increased (p < 0.05 in all cases). HV rats showed no changes compared to H rats other than decreased DMT1 expression (p < 0.05). In the HVH group, decreased absorption and tis...
Nutrients
Diabetes is a disease with an inflammatory component that courses with an anemic state. Vanadium ... more Diabetes is a disease with an inflammatory component that courses with an anemic state. Vanadium (V) is an antidiabetic agent that acts by stimulating insulin signaling. Hepcidin blocks the intestinal absorption of iron and the release of iron from its deposits. We aim to investigate the effect of V on hepcidin mRNA expression and its consequences on the hematological parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Control healthy rats, diabetic rats, and diabetic rats treated with 1 mgV/day were examined for five weeks. The mineral levels were measured in diet and serum samples. Hepcidin expression was quantified in liver samples. Inflammatory and hematological parameters were determined in serum or whole blood samples. The inflammatory status was higher in diabetic than in control rats, whereas the hematological parameters were lower in the diabetic rats than in the control rats. Hepcidin mRNA expression was significantly lower in the V-treated diabetic rats than in con...
Marine Drugs
Nannochloropsis gaditana is a microalga with interesting nutritional and functional value due to ... more Nannochloropsis gaditana is a microalga with interesting nutritional and functional value due to its high content of protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and bioactive compounds. However, the hardness of its cell wall prevents accessibility to these components. This work aimed to study the effect of a treatment to increase the fragility of the cell wall on the bioavailability of its nutrients and functional compounds. The antioxidant and antiproliferative capacity of functional extracts from treated and untreated N. gaditana was assessed, and the profile of bioactive compounds was characterized. Furthermore, to study the effect of treatment on its nutrient availability and functional capacity, an in vivo experiment was carried out using a rat experimental model and a 20% dietary inclusion level of microalgae. Functional extracts from treated N. gaditana exhibited higher antioxidant activity than the untreated control. Furthermore, the treated microalga induced hypoglycemic action, ...
Antioxidants, 2020
The use of legumes as functional foods has gained increasing attention for the prevention and tre... more The use of legumes as functional foods has gained increasing attention for the prevention and treatment of the so called non-communicable diseases that are highly prevalent worldwide. In this regard, biotechnological approaches for the enhancement of legumes’ nutritional and functional value have been extensively employed. In the present study, the process of germination increased several parameters of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) functionality, including extract yield, total phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant capacity. In addition, 3-day-germinated mung bean proved to be an interesting source of dietary essential minerals and exhibited a greater variety of polyphenolic compounds compared to raw mung bean. These properties resulted in enhanced cytoprotective features of the 3-day mung bean extracts against radical oxygen species in human colorectal (HT29) and monocyte (U937) cell lines. Moreover, the antiproliferative effects were tested in different colon cancer cell lines, ...
Magnesium Research, 2009
Chronic renal failure (CRF) alters the metabolism for a number of elements, and can lead to defic... more Chronic renal failure (CRF) alters the metabolism for a number of elements, and can lead to deficiency of these nutrients. Among the causes of these alterations are reduced food intake and the low element content of some lowprotein diets recommended in CRF. This study aimed to determine whether nutritional status for magnesium and zinc were changed by a nutritional intervention providing patients with CRF with enough information to prepare a low protein diet that met their needs. The effects of the intervention were compared in 40 adult participants divided into two groups. The control group consumed their usual prescribed diet, and the nutritionally instructed group received dietary training to teach them how to choose foods that met their nutritional needs. The study period lasted 12 months. Food consumption was assessed by 24-h recall. Magnesium and zinc were measured in plasma at the start and at the end of the study. Participants in the nutritionally instructed group decreased their protein intake and increased that of carbohydrates, magnesium and zinc. Plasma zinc correlated with glomerular filtration rate, measured as creatinine clearance, (r = 0.37) plasma protein (r = 0.39) and zinc intake (r = 0.63). At the start of the study 1 participant in the control group and no participants in the instructed group had hypomagnesaemia (< 1.8 mg/dL) whereas 2 participants in the control group, and 5 in the instructed group had hypozincaemia (Zn < 70 μg/dL). After the intervention we observed no changes in the number of participants with hypomagnesaemia in either group, whereas hypozincaemia was found in only 1 participant in the control group and 1 in the instructed group (changes in the instructed group were significant; p < 0.05). Nutritional intervention benefited our participants by improving their ability to choose foods that provided magnesium and zinc while reducing their protein intake. The results of this study indicate that the dietary intervention enabled participants to better control their protein intake and zinc status without detriment to magnesium status.
Food & function, Jan 24, 2018
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic alterations characterized by central obesity, dyslip... more Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic alterations characterized by central obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated plasma glucose, insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, a combined intervention of a lentil protein hydrolysate and a mixed training protocol was assessed in an animal experimental model of genetic obesity and metabolic syndrome. Thirty-two male obese and 32 lean Zucker rats were divided into eight different experimental groups. Rats performed a mixed exercise protocol or had a sedentary lifestyle and were administered a lentil protein hydrolysate or placebo. Daily food intake, weekly body weight gain, plasma parameters of glucose and lipid metabolisms, body composition, hepatic weight, total fat content and fatty acid profile, as well as gene expression of lipogenic and lipolytic nuclear transcription factors and their target genes were measured. Obese Zucker rats exhibited higher body and liver weight and fat content than d...
Nutrients, 2017
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of related metabolic alterations that increase the risk of d... more Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of related metabolic alterations that increase the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Several lifestyle interventions based on dietary treatment with functional ingredients and physical activity are being studied as alternative or reinforcement treatments to the pharmacological ones actually in use. In the present experiment, the combined treatment with mung bean (Vigna radiata), a widely used legume with promising nutritional and health benefits that was included in the experimental diet as raw or 4 day-germinated seed flour, and aerobic interval training protocol (65-85% VO 2 max) has been tested in lean and obese Zucker rats following a 2 × 2 × 2 (2 phenotypes, 2 dietary interventions, 2 lifestyles) factorial ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) statistical analysis. Germination of V. radiata over a period of four days originated a significant protein hydrolysis leading to the appearance of low molecular weight peptides. The combination of 4 day-germinated V. radiata and aerobic interval training was more efficient compared to raw V. radiata at improving the aerobic capacity and physical performance, hepatic histology and functionality, and plasma lipid parameters as well as reverting the insulin resistance characteristic of the obese Zucker rat model. In conclusion, the joint intervention with legume sprouts and aerobic interval training protocol is an efficient treatment to improve the alterations of glucose and lipid metabolism as well as hepatic histology and functionality related to the development of NAFLD and the MetS.
Bone, Nov 20, 2016
Weight loss is a public health concern in obesity-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, an... more Weight loss is a public health concern in obesity-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, and the protein level of the diets seem to be crucial for the development and maintenance of bone. The nature of exercise and whether exercise in combination with moderately high-protein dietary interventions could protect against potential bone mass deficits remains unclear. To investigate the effects of a moderately high-protein diet and interval aerobic training combined with strength-endurance exercise (IASE) protocol on bone status, and to assess potential interaction effects (i.e. diet*IASE). Male Zucker fatty rats were randomized distributed into 4 groups (n=8): normoprotein+sedentary; normoprotein+exercise; moderately high-protein+sedentary, and moderately high-protein+exercise. Training groups conducted an IASE program, 5days/week for 2months. Markers of bone metabolism were measured in plasma. Parameters of bone mass and 3D outcomes for trabecular and cortical bone microarchitect...
Journal of Sports Sciences, 2015
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of interval aerobic training combined wi... more The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session on body composition, and glycaemic and lipid profile in obese rats. Sixteen lean Zucker rats and sixteen obese Zucker rats were randomly divided into exercise and sedentary subgroups (4 groups, n = 8). Exercise consisted of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session. The animals trained 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Body composition, lipid and glycaemic profiles and inflammatory markers were assessed. Results showed that fat mass was reduced in both lean and obese rats following the exercise training (effect size (95% confidence interval (CI)) = 1.8 (0.5-3.0)). Plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and fasting glucose were lower in the exercise compared to the sedentary groups (d = 2.0 (0.7-3.2) and 1.8 (0.5-3.0), respectively). Plasma insulin was reduced in exercise compared to sedentary groups (d = 2.1 (0.8-3.4)). Some exercise × phenotype interactions showed that the highest decreases in insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, fasting and postprandial glucose were observed in the obese + exercise group (all, P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01). The findings of this study suggest that interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise would improve body composition, and lipid and glycaemic profiles, especially in obese rats.
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 2015
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of metabolic alterations that increase the susceptibility to c... more Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of metabolic alterations that increase the susceptibility to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been described as the liver manifestation of MS. We aimed to test the beneficial effects of an aerobic interval training (AIT) protocol on different biochemical, microscopic, and functional liver alterations related to the MS in the experimental model of obese Zucker rat. Two groups of lean and obese animals (6 weeks old) followed a protocol of AIT (4 min at 65%–80% of maximal oxygen uptake, followed by 3 min at 50%–65% of maximal oxygen uptake for 45–60 min, 5 days/week, 8 weeks of experimental period), whereas 2 control groups remained sedentary. Obese rats had higher food intake and body weight (P < 0.0001) and suffered significant alterations in plasma lipid profile, area under the curve after oral glucose overload (P < 0.0001), liver histology and functionality, and antioxidant status. The AIT prot...
Nutrición hospitalaria
Vitamin A deficiency can result from malnutrition, malabsorption of vitamin A, impaired vitamin m... more Vitamin A deficiency can result from malnutrition, malabsorption of vitamin A, impaired vitamin metabolism associated with liver disease, or chronic debilitating diseases like HIV infection or cancer. Cannabis administration has been described as a palliative symptom management therapy in such pathological stages. Therefore, this research aimed to study the effects of acute administration of cannabidiol (CBD) or thetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on the levels of retinol in plasma and in the liver, and biochemical parameters related to lipid and glucose metabolism (cholesterolaemia, triglyceridemia and glycemia) in a rat experimental model of vitamin A deficiency. The experimental animal model of Vitamin A deficiency was developed during a 50-day experimental period in which rats consumed a vitamin A-free diet. Cannabidiol (10 mg/kg body weight) or thetrahydrocannabinol (5 mg/kg body weight) were administered intraperitoneally 2 hours prior to sacrifice of the animals. The nutritional defi...
Nutrición hospitalaria
High protein (HP) diet consumption may adversely affect metabolic acidosis and hepatic and renal ... more High protein (HP) diet consumption may adversely affect metabolic acidosis and hepatic and renal health. Despite such potentially adverse effect, there are only few studies analyzing the effects of resistance training on the parameters that could be altered by such diets. A total of 32 adult male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in 4 experimental groups (n = 8): normoprotein or HP diets, with or without resistance training. Diets were based on a whey protein hydrolyzate, and the experimental period lasted for 90 days. Consumption of HP diets and resistance training significantly affected food intake, body composition and plasmatic levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides. Consumption of HP diets led to a considerable increase in liver and kidney weight (P < 0.001), urinary volume and acidity, as well as in the urinary excretion of Ca, with a parallel reduction in the urinary excretion of citrate (P < 0.05). The buffering action of resistance training on such diet-ind...
Journal of Medicinal Food, 2014
Different dietary protein sources can promote different renal statuses. We examined the effects o... more Different dietary protein sources can promote different renal statuses. We examined the effects of whey protein (WP) and soy protein (SP) intake on plasma, urinary, and morphological renal parameters in rats. One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were randomly distributed into 2 experimental groups fed with either WP or SP diets over 12 weeks. These diets were based on commercial WP or SP isolates. The urinary calcium content was higher in the WP diet compared to the SP diet group (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.001) whereas the urinary citrate level was lower (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.001). The urinary pH was more acidic in the WP diet group compared to the SP diet group (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.001); however, no differences were observed between the groups for any of the renal morphological parameters analyzed (all, P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;.05) or other plasma renal markers such as albumin or urea concentrations. The increase of acid and urinary calcium and the lower urinary citrate level observed in the WP diet group could increase the incidence of nephrolithiasis compared to the SP diet group. Despite the WP showed poorer acid-base profile, no significant morphological renal changes were observed. These results suggest that the use of SP instead of WP appears to promote a more alkaline plasma and urinary profile, with their consequent renal advantages.
Food / Nahrung, 1987
Influence of hydrocortison acetate on the evolution of the nutritive utilization of calcium and p... more Influence of hydrocortison acetate on the evolution of the nutritive utilization of calcium and phosphorus and their contents on the Longissimus dorsi muscle during gestation in the rat P. ARANDA, M. L~PEZ-JURAW, J. LLOPIS and G. URBANO Th ! evolution of the nutritive utilization and plasma and muscular content of calcium and phosphorus in rats is studied, as well as the influence that hydrocortisone acetate has (4 mg/lOO g weight and day), on them. In pregnant rats injected with salIne solution, the retention of calcium is higher on the days 15-18 as a consequence of the increase on the net absorption of the cation. The balance of phosphorus reaches its maximum hight on days 18-21 of gestation, due to the decrease of the urinary excretion during these days. The administration of hydrocortisone acetate to pregnant rats originate a decrease of the net absorption and an increase of the urinary excretion of calcium and phosphorus, which leads to significantly lower balances than those of animals injected with saline solution. The hormone maintains the animals in a negative balance of phosphorus until day 18 of gestation. Besides, it impedes the high retention of calcium wich is found with the control pregnant rats on days 15-18. In general, the content in calcium and phosphorus by gram of dry matter of Longissimus dorsi muscle is not modified during gestation. From day 9 of the treatment with hydrocortisone acetate a significant decrease of calcium and phosphorus of the muscle is observed, that in calcium is the more marked the more the treatment is prolonged. This effect seems to be due to the catabolic action of the hormone.
Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1997
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of dietary magnesium (Mg) deficiency o... more The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of dietary magnesium (Mg) deficiency on vitamin B2 (riboflavin) and B6 (pyridoxine) status in rats. We fed Wistar rats an Mg-deficient diet (56 mg magnesium per kg food) for 70 days. On days 21, 35 and 70 we measured Mg and manganese (Mn) in plasma and whole blood, alkaline phosphatase in plasma, erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient (AC-EGR) for riboflavin status, and erythrocyte aspartase transaminase activity coefficient (AC-EAST) for vitamin B6 status. Intake of the Mg-deficient diet significantly decreased plasma and whole blood levels of Mg and plasma alkaline phosphatase activity on all sampling days. The Mg deficit had no effect on plasma concentrations of Mn, but significantly increased whole blood levels of this element on days 35 and 70. The Mg-deficient diet had no effect on AC-EGR, and thus appeared not to affect riboflavin status. However, AC-EAST was significantly increased on day 70, implying that the animals were at risk for vitamin B6 deficiency. Mg deficiency impairs vitamin B6 status by depleting intracellular Mg and thus inhibits the activity of alkaline phosphatase, a metalloenzyme required for the uptake of pyridoxal phosphate by tissues. Although part of the intraerythrocyte loss of Mg is countervailed by Mn, which can act as a substitute activator of alkaline phosphatase, the degree of compensation is insufficient to fully offset the decrease in activity caused by Mg depletion.
Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1995
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of dietary magnesium (Mg) deficiency o... more The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of dietary magnesium (Mg) deficiency on plasma levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT), and the changes in tissue calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) content. Wistar rats were fed an Mg-deficient diet. Plasma levels of PTH and CT, and Ca and P content in plasma, whole blood, skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, femoral bone and brain, were determined after 7, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63 and 70 days. Mg deficiency significantly increased plasma levels of ionic Ca after 1 week of deficiency, and significantly increased total Ca in plasma and whole blood after 5 weeks. Whole blood and plasma levels of P decreased significantly after 8 and 5 weeks, respectively, in comparison with values obtained in pair-fed control rats. Plasma levels of CT were not modified by hypercalcemia and hypomagnesemia. Plasma PTH decreased significantly during the first 3 weeks, then recovered gradually, reaching control values in week 7 and remaining stable thereafter, despite elevated levels of ionic Ca. The Mg-deficient diet led to calcification in skeletal muscle, heart, kidney and femur, detectable as early as week 5. However, P content increased only in kidney after 1 week, decreased in heart and femur after 5 weeks, and did not change in muscle. The Mg-deficient diet did not significantly modify Ca or P content in brain. Mg deficiency led to tissue calcification and decreased P levels in blood, heart, and femur. These changes did not affect CT secretion. PTH appeared to be more closely related with hypomagnesemia than with hypercalcemia.
Nutricion hospitalaria, Jan 25, 2014
Introduction: It is well established that soy protein diets as well as aerobic exercise could pro... more Introduction: It is well established that soy protein diets as well as aerobic exercise could promote antioxidant capacity and consequently reduce free radicals overproduction on brain. However, little is know regarding to the high-protein diets and high intensity exercise on oxidative stress production. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of high-protein diets and high-intensity exercise (HIE) on brain oxidative stress markers. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in 4 experimental groups (n=10): normal-protein or high-protein diets with or without HIE for an experimental period of 12 weeks. Main oxidative damage markers in brain such as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARs) and protein carbonyl content (PCC) were assessed. In addition, brain manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), cooper/ zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzymes activity, and protein level of Nuclear factor erythr...
EDULEARN Proceedings, 2021
Biology
Our aim was to examine whether vanadium (IV) corrects alterations in zinc, copper and manganese h... more Our aim was to examine whether vanadium (IV) corrects alterations in zinc, copper and manganese homeostasis, observed in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats, and whether such changes are related to divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) mRNA expression, and antioxidant and proinflammatory parameters. Four groups of Wistar rats were examined: control; hyperglycemic (H); hyperglycemic treated with 1 mg V/day (HV); and hyperglycemic treated with 3 mg V/day (HVH). Vanadium was supplied in drinking water as bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) for five weeks. Zinc, copper and manganese were measured in food, excreta, serum and tissues. DMT1 mRNA expression was quantified in the liver. Hyperglycemic rats showed increased Zn and Cu absorption and content in the liver, serum, kidneys and femurs; DMT1 expression also increased (p < 0.05 in all cases). HV rats showed no changes compared to H rats other than decreased DMT1 expression (p < 0.05). In the HVH group, decreased absorption and tis...
Nutrients
Diabetes is a disease with an inflammatory component that courses with an anemic state. Vanadium ... more Diabetes is a disease with an inflammatory component that courses with an anemic state. Vanadium (V) is an antidiabetic agent that acts by stimulating insulin signaling. Hepcidin blocks the intestinal absorption of iron and the release of iron from its deposits. We aim to investigate the effect of V on hepcidin mRNA expression and its consequences on the hematological parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Control healthy rats, diabetic rats, and diabetic rats treated with 1 mgV/day were examined for five weeks. The mineral levels were measured in diet and serum samples. Hepcidin expression was quantified in liver samples. Inflammatory and hematological parameters were determined in serum or whole blood samples. The inflammatory status was higher in diabetic than in control rats, whereas the hematological parameters were lower in the diabetic rats than in the control rats. Hepcidin mRNA expression was significantly lower in the V-treated diabetic rats than in con...
Marine Drugs
Nannochloropsis gaditana is a microalga with interesting nutritional and functional value due to ... more Nannochloropsis gaditana is a microalga with interesting nutritional and functional value due to its high content of protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and bioactive compounds. However, the hardness of its cell wall prevents accessibility to these components. This work aimed to study the effect of a treatment to increase the fragility of the cell wall on the bioavailability of its nutrients and functional compounds. The antioxidant and antiproliferative capacity of functional extracts from treated and untreated N. gaditana was assessed, and the profile of bioactive compounds was characterized. Furthermore, to study the effect of treatment on its nutrient availability and functional capacity, an in vivo experiment was carried out using a rat experimental model and a 20% dietary inclusion level of microalgae. Functional extracts from treated N. gaditana exhibited higher antioxidant activity than the untreated control. Furthermore, the treated microalga induced hypoglycemic action, ...
Antioxidants, 2020
The use of legumes as functional foods has gained increasing attention for the prevention and tre... more The use of legumes as functional foods has gained increasing attention for the prevention and treatment of the so called non-communicable diseases that are highly prevalent worldwide. In this regard, biotechnological approaches for the enhancement of legumes’ nutritional and functional value have been extensively employed. In the present study, the process of germination increased several parameters of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) functionality, including extract yield, total phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant capacity. In addition, 3-day-germinated mung bean proved to be an interesting source of dietary essential minerals and exhibited a greater variety of polyphenolic compounds compared to raw mung bean. These properties resulted in enhanced cytoprotective features of the 3-day mung bean extracts against radical oxygen species in human colorectal (HT29) and monocyte (U937) cell lines. Moreover, the antiproliferative effects were tested in different colon cancer cell lines, ...
Magnesium Research, 2009
Chronic renal failure (CRF) alters the metabolism for a number of elements, and can lead to defic... more Chronic renal failure (CRF) alters the metabolism for a number of elements, and can lead to deficiency of these nutrients. Among the causes of these alterations are reduced food intake and the low element content of some lowprotein diets recommended in CRF. This study aimed to determine whether nutritional status for magnesium and zinc were changed by a nutritional intervention providing patients with CRF with enough information to prepare a low protein diet that met their needs. The effects of the intervention were compared in 40 adult participants divided into two groups. The control group consumed their usual prescribed diet, and the nutritionally instructed group received dietary training to teach them how to choose foods that met their nutritional needs. The study period lasted 12 months. Food consumption was assessed by 24-h recall. Magnesium and zinc were measured in plasma at the start and at the end of the study. Participants in the nutritionally instructed group decreased their protein intake and increased that of carbohydrates, magnesium and zinc. Plasma zinc correlated with glomerular filtration rate, measured as creatinine clearance, (r = 0.37) plasma protein (r = 0.39) and zinc intake (r = 0.63). At the start of the study 1 participant in the control group and no participants in the instructed group had hypomagnesaemia (< 1.8 mg/dL) whereas 2 participants in the control group, and 5 in the instructed group had hypozincaemia (Zn < 70 μg/dL). After the intervention we observed no changes in the number of participants with hypomagnesaemia in either group, whereas hypozincaemia was found in only 1 participant in the control group and 1 in the instructed group (changes in the instructed group were significant; p < 0.05). Nutritional intervention benefited our participants by improving their ability to choose foods that provided magnesium and zinc while reducing their protein intake. The results of this study indicate that the dietary intervention enabled participants to better control their protein intake and zinc status without detriment to magnesium status.
Food & function, Jan 24, 2018
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic alterations characterized by central obesity, dyslip... more Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic alterations characterized by central obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated plasma glucose, insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, a combined intervention of a lentil protein hydrolysate and a mixed training protocol was assessed in an animal experimental model of genetic obesity and metabolic syndrome. Thirty-two male obese and 32 lean Zucker rats were divided into eight different experimental groups. Rats performed a mixed exercise protocol or had a sedentary lifestyle and were administered a lentil protein hydrolysate or placebo. Daily food intake, weekly body weight gain, plasma parameters of glucose and lipid metabolisms, body composition, hepatic weight, total fat content and fatty acid profile, as well as gene expression of lipogenic and lipolytic nuclear transcription factors and their target genes were measured. Obese Zucker rats exhibited higher body and liver weight and fat content than d...
Nutrients, 2017
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of related metabolic alterations that increase the risk of d... more Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of related metabolic alterations that increase the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Several lifestyle interventions based on dietary treatment with functional ingredients and physical activity are being studied as alternative or reinforcement treatments to the pharmacological ones actually in use. In the present experiment, the combined treatment with mung bean (Vigna radiata), a widely used legume with promising nutritional and health benefits that was included in the experimental diet as raw or 4 day-germinated seed flour, and aerobic interval training protocol (65-85% VO 2 max) has been tested in lean and obese Zucker rats following a 2 × 2 × 2 (2 phenotypes, 2 dietary interventions, 2 lifestyles) factorial ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) statistical analysis. Germination of V. radiata over a period of four days originated a significant protein hydrolysis leading to the appearance of low molecular weight peptides. The combination of 4 day-germinated V. radiata and aerobic interval training was more efficient compared to raw V. radiata at improving the aerobic capacity and physical performance, hepatic histology and functionality, and plasma lipid parameters as well as reverting the insulin resistance characteristic of the obese Zucker rat model. In conclusion, the joint intervention with legume sprouts and aerobic interval training protocol is an efficient treatment to improve the alterations of glucose and lipid metabolism as well as hepatic histology and functionality related to the development of NAFLD and the MetS.
Bone, Nov 20, 2016
Weight loss is a public health concern in obesity-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, an... more Weight loss is a public health concern in obesity-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, and the protein level of the diets seem to be crucial for the development and maintenance of bone. The nature of exercise and whether exercise in combination with moderately high-protein dietary interventions could protect against potential bone mass deficits remains unclear. To investigate the effects of a moderately high-protein diet and interval aerobic training combined with strength-endurance exercise (IASE) protocol on bone status, and to assess potential interaction effects (i.e. diet*IASE). Male Zucker fatty rats were randomized distributed into 4 groups (n=8): normoprotein+sedentary; normoprotein+exercise; moderately high-protein+sedentary, and moderately high-protein+exercise. Training groups conducted an IASE program, 5days/week for 2months. Markers of bone metabolism were measured in plasma. Parameters of bone mass and 3D outcomes for trabecular and cortical bone microarchitect...
Journal of Sports Sciences, 2015
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of interval aerobic training combined wi... more The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session on body composition, and glycaemic and lipid profile in obese rats. Sixteen lean Zucker rats and sixteen obese Zucker rats were randomly divided into exercise and sedentary subgroups (4 groups, n = 8). Exercise consisted of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session. The animals trained 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Body composition, lipid and glycaemic profiles and inflammatory markers were assessed. Results showed that fat mass was reduced in both lean and obese rats following the exercise training (effect size (95% confidence interval (CI)) = 1.8 (0.5-3.0)). Plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and fasting glucose were lower in the exercise compared to the sedentary groups (d = 2.0 (0.7-3.2) and 1.8 (0.5-3.0), respectively). Plasma insulin was reduced in exercise compared to sedentary groups (d = 2.1 (0.8-3.4)). Some exercise × phenotype interactions showed that the highest decreases in insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, fasting and postprandial glucose were observed in the obese + exercise group (all, P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01). The findings of this study suggest that interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise would improve body composition, and lipid and glycaemic profiles, especially in obese rats.
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 2015
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of metabolic alterations that increase the susceptibility to c... more Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of metabolic alterations that increase the susceptibility to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been described as the liver manifestation of MS. We aimed to test the beneficial effects of an aerobic interval training (AIT) protocol on different biochemical, microscopic, and functional liver alterations related to the MS in the experimental model of obese Zucker rat. Two groups of lean and obese animals (6 weeks old) followed a protocol of AIT (4 min at 65%–80% of maximal oxygen uptake, followed by 3 min at 50%–65% of maximal oxygen uptake for 45–60 min, 5 days/week, 8 weeks of experimental period), whereas 2 control groups remained sedentary. Obese rats had higher food intake and body weight (P < 0.0001) and suffered significant alterations in plasma lipid profile, area under the curve after oral glucose overload (P < 0.0001), liver histology and functionality, and antioxidant status. The AIT prot...
Nutrición hospitalaria
Vitamin A deficiency can result from malnutrition, malabsorption of vitamin A, impaired vitamin m... more Vitamin A deficiency can result from malnutrition, malabsorption of vitamin A, impaired vitamin metabolism associated with liver disease, or chronic debilitating diseases like HIV infection or cancer. Cannabis administration has been described as a palliative symptom management therapy in such pathological stages. Therefore, this research aimed to study the effects of acute administration of cannabidiol (CBD) or thetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on the levels of retinol in plasma and in the liver, and biochemical parameters related to lipid and glucose metabolism (cholesterolaemia, triglyceridemia and glycemia) in a rat experimental model of vitamin A deficiency. The experimental animal model of Vitamin A deficiency was developed during a 50-day experimental period in which rats consumed a vitamin A-free diet. Cannabidiol (10 mg/kg body weight) or thetrahydrocannabinol (5 mg/kg body weight) were administered intraperitoneally 2 hours prior to sacrifice of the animals. The nutritional defi...
Nutrición hospitalaria
High protein (HP) diet consumption may adversely affect metabolic acidosis and hepatic and renal ... more High protein (HP) diet consumption may adversely affect metabolic acidosis and hepatic and renal health. Despite such potentially adverse effect, there are only few studies analyzing the effects of resistance training on the parameters that could be altered by such diets. A total of 32 adult male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in 4 experimental groups (n = 8): normoprotein or HP diets, with or without resistance training. Diets were based on a whey protein hydrolyzate, and the experimental period lasted for 90 days. Consumption of HP diets and resistance training significantly affected food intake, body composition and plasmatic levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides. Consumption of HP diets led to a considerable increase in liver and kidney weight (P < 0.001), urinary volume and acidity, as well as in the urinary excretion of Ca, with a parallel reduction in the urinary excretion of citrate (P < 0.05). The buffering action of resistance training on such diet-ind...
Journal of Medicinal Food, 2014
Different dietary protein sources can promote different renal statuses. We examined the effects o... more Different dietary protein sources can promote different renal statuses. We examined the effects of whey protein (WP) and soy protein (SP) intake on plasma, urinary, and morphological renal parameters in rats. One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were randomly distributed into 2 experimental groups fed with either WP or SP diets over 12 weeks. These diets were based on commercial WP or SP isolates. The urinary calcium content was higher in the WP diet compared to the SP diet group (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.001) whereas the urinary citrate level was lower (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.001). The urinary pH was more acidic in the WP diet group compared to the SP diet group (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;.001); however, no differences were observed between the groups for any of the renal morphological parameters analyzed (all, P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;.05) or other plasma renal markers such as albumin or urea concentrations. The increase of acid and urinary calcium and the lower urinary citrate level observed in the WP diet group could increase the incidence of nephrolithiasis compared to the SP diet group. Despite the WP showed poorer acid-base profile, no significant morphological renal changes were observed. These results suggest that the use of SP instead of WP appears to promote a more alkaline plasma and urinary profile, with their consequent renal advantages.
Food / Nahrung, 1987
Influence of hydrocortison acetate on the evolution of the nutritive utilization of calcium and p... more Influence of hydrocortison acetate on the evolution of the nutritive utilization of calcium and phosphorus and their contents on the Longissimus dorsi muscle during gestation in the rat P. ARANDA, M. L~PEZ-JURAW, J. LLOPIS and G. URBANO Th ! evolution of the nutritive utilization and plasma and muscular content of calcium and phosphorus in rats is studied, as well as the influence that hydrocortisone acetate has (4 mg/lOO g weight and day), on them. In pregnant rats injected with salIne solution, the retention of calcium is higher on the days 15-18 as a consequence of the increase on the net absorption of the cation. The balance of phosphorus reaches its maximum hight on days 18-21 of gestation, due to the decrease of the urinary excretion during these days. The administration of hydrocortisone acetate to pregnant rats originate a decrease of the net absorption and an increase of the urinary excretion of calcium and phosphorus, which leads to significantly lower balances than those of animals injected with saline solution. The hormone maintains the animals in a negative balance of phosphorus until day 18 of gestation. Besides, it impedes the high retention of calcium wich is found with the control pregnant rats on days 15-18. In general, the content in calcium and phosphorus by gram of dry matter of Longissimus dorsi muscle is not modified during gestation. From day 9 of the treatment with hydrocortisone acetate a significant decrease of calcium and phosphorus of the muscle is observed, that in calcium is the more marked the more the treatment is prolonged. This effect seems to be due to the catabolic action of the hormone.
Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1997
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of dietary magnesium (Mg) deficiency o... more The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of dietary magnesium (Mg) deficiency on vitamin B2 (riboflavin) and B6 (pyridoxine) status in rats. We fed Wistar rats an Mg-deficient diet (56 mg magnesium per kg food) for 70 days. On days 21, 35 and 70 we measured Mg and manganese (Mn) in plasma and whole blood, alkaline phosphatase in plasma, erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient (AC-EGR) for riboflavin status, and erythrocyte aspartase transaminase activity coefficient (AC-EAST) for vitamin B6 status. Intake of the Mg-deficient diet significantly decreased plasma and whole blood levels of Mg and plasma alkaline phosphatase activity on all sampling days. The Mg deficit had no effect on plasma concentrations of Mn, but significantly increased whole blood levels of this element on days 35 and 70. The Mg-deficient diet had no effect on AC-EGR, and thus appeared not to affect riboflavin status. However, AC-EAST was significantly increased on day 70, implying that the animals were at risk for vitamin B6 deficiency. Mg deficiency impairs vitamin B6 status by depleting intracellular Mg and thus inhibits the activity of alkaline phosphatase, a metalloenzyme required for the uptake of pyridoxal phosphate by tissues. Although part of the intraerythrocyte loss of Mg is countervailed by Mn, which can act as a substitute activator of alkaline phosphatase, the degree of compensation is insufficient to fully offset the decrease in activity caused by Mg depletion.
Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1995
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of dietary magnesium (Mg) deficiency o... more The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of dietary magnesium (Mg) deficiency on plasma levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT), and the changes in tissue calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) content. Wistar rats were fed an Mg-deficient diet. Plasma levels of PTH and CT, and Ca and P content in plasma, whole blood, skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, femoral bone and brain, were determined after 7, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63 and 70 days. Mg deficiency significantly increased plasma levels of ionic Ca after 1 week of deficiency, and significantly increased total Ca in plasma and whole blood after 5 weeks. Whole blood and plasma levels of P decreased significantly after 8 and 5 weeks, respectively, in comparison with values obtained in pair-fed control rats. Plasma levels of CT were not modified by hypercalcemia and hypomagnesemia. Plasma PTH decreased significantly during the first 3 weeks, then recovered gradually, reaching control values in week 7 and remaining stable thereafter, despite elevated levels of ionic Ca. The Mg-deficient diet led to calcification in skeletal muscle, heart, kidney and femur, detectable as early as week 5. However, P content increased only in kidney after 1 week, decreased in heart and femur after 5 weeks, and did not change in muscle. The Mg-deficient diet did not significantly modify Ca or P content in brain. Mg deficiency led to tissue calcification and decreased P levels in blood, heart, and femur. These changes did not affect CT secretion. PTH appeared to be more closely related with hypomagnesemia than with hypercalcemia.