Ismaheel A Azeez | University College Hospital, Ibadan (original) (raw)

Papers by Ismaheel A Azeez

Journal of Clinical and Medical Images, Case Reports

Chronic Otitis media is a permanent abnormality on the tympanic membrane following a long-standin... more Chronic Otitis media is a permanent abnormality on the tympanic membrane following a long-standing middle ear infection emanating from a previous acute infection. Patients usually presentwith persistent drainage from the middle ear. It may be accompanied by complications such assepticemia, meningitis, brain abscess, facial paralysis, and deafness in children. Associatedrhino-conjunctivitis is not common but this case presented with clinical features of chronic activeotitis media, tonsillitis, and allergic rhino-conjunctivitis.

PubMed, Dec 1, 2022

Background: Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally, making it a growing pan... more Background: Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally, making it a growing pandemic affecting adults and children. Obesity is associated with multiple morbidities and mortalities increasing the burden on the health care system. Objective: There is inadequacy of data in Nigeria on the prevalence of obesity among adult patients with hypertension and adequate data on these conditions would help in their comprehensive management. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 354 patients with hypertension, and the systematic sampling technique was used to recruit patients. The data were analysed using SPSS software version 23. Logistic regressions and linear regressions were done to determine the predictors of obesity and blood pressure levels. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 52.60(SD±8.26) years and the prevalence of obesity was 53.1%. After adjusting for other variables, the predictors of obesity were female sex. Females were about six times more likely to be obese than males (OR=6.23; 95%CI= 3.16 - 12.32). For every 1 unit increase in triceps skinfold, there was a statistically significant increase in diastolic blood pressure by about 2.77units (95% C.I equals 2.63 to 2.91, p-value= 0.0001). Also, for every 1 unit increase in biceps skinfold, there was a statistically significant increase in systolic blood pressure by about 5.78 units (95% C.I equals 5.46- 6.10, p-value= 0.0001). Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity was high, and the predictors of obesity were female sex. Triceps skinfold measurements were predictors of diastolic blood pressure while biceps skinfold measurements were predictors of systolic blood pressure.

PubMed, Dec 1, 2019

Background: There has been an increase in prevalence of hypertension worldwide and a trend toward... more Background: There has been an increase in prevalence of hypertension worldwide and a trend towards poor control of hypertension. Despite the development of new guidelines on management of hypertension, it remains a difficult disease to control. Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study of 386 patients aged 18 to 70 years with uncontrolled hypertension. A simple random sampling technique with computer generated random numbers was used for selection. Results: Majority (58.3%) of the respondents who were overweight had diastolic blood pressure of less than 100 mmHg while 55 (41.7%) respondents who were overweight had diastolic blood pressure of 100mmHg to 110mmHg. Forty (42.1%) of the respondents who were obese had diastolic blood pressure of less than 100mmHg while 55 (57.9%) respondents who were obese had diastolic blood pressure of 100mmHg to 110mmHg. The association was statistically significant (χ2 = 9.845, p-value = 0.02). There was a significant difference between the mean first Systolic Blood pressure and the mean third systolic blood pressure. (< 0.001, 95% CI 19.01- 23.04). Also there was a significant difference between the mean first Diastolic Blood pressure and the mean third Diastolic Blood pressure. (p < 0.001, 95% CI 11.13-11.56). Conclusion: This study has shown that increasing body weight was associated with high blood pressures and health education on management of hypertension had significant effect in reducing blood pressures and subsequently leading to better control of hypertension.

PubMed, Dec 1, 2016

Background: Asthma is a chronic disease which places considerable economic, social and public hea... more Background: Asthma is a chronic disease which places considerable economic, social and public health burdens on the society. Education, occupation and income are the most widely used indicators of socioeconomic status (SES). Studies have shown increased asthma hospital admissions for those who are materially deprived and increased asthma severity in low social class groups. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of socioeconomic status on control of asthma in adults. Method: The study was a cross-sectional analytical one, conducted over a year at the Medical Outpatient Clinic of the University College Hospital Ibadan. The study population was composed of 355 randomly selected adults aged between 18years and 55years with an established diagnosis of asthma already on treatment. Results: Respondents with monthly income of 40000 and above had a higher proportion with good asthma control (74.1%) compared to those that earned 10000 to 39999 (69.0%) and less than 10000 (47.8%). This was statistically significant. Respondents in occupational class I/II had a slightly higher proportion with good asthma control (70.9%) compared to those in occupation class III/IV (70.1%) and occupation class V/VI (50.6%). This was statistically significant at p = 0.003. Conclusion: Respondents in the higher occupational class had better asthma control than respondents in the lower occupational class. Respondents who were earning 40000 and above as monthly income had better control of asthma than other respondents. After adjusting for other variables, the predictor of good asthma control was monthly income of the respondents.

Journal of Clinical and Medical Images, Case Reports, Jan 24, 2023

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

Introduction and aim. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing with accompanying poor control... more Introduction and aim. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing with accompanying poor control. The aim of this study was to assess the predictors of knowledge and practices of adult hypertensives. Material and method. The study was a prospective (before and after) study with health education as the intervention. A simple random sampling technique with computer-generated random numbers was used to recruit 386 patients. Data were analysed using SPSS version 23. Logistic regressions were used to determine the predictors of knowledge and practices. Results. Those who had tertiary education were about four times more likely to have good knowledge of hypertension than those who had secondary education (OR=0.256; 95% CI=0.106–0.617). The females were about 1.73 times more likely to have good practices of hypertension than males (OR=1.729; 95% CI=1.008–2.966). For every 1 unit increase in the body mass index, there was a statistically significant increase in diastolic blood pressure by ...

Eureka: Health Sciences, May 31, 2022

The aim: this study aims to assess the prevalence of hyperglycaemia, the association between diet... more The aim: this study aims to assess the prevalence of hyperglycaemia, the association between diet quality, physical exercise and blood glucose levels among hypertensives attending a secondary health centre in Nigeria. There is a paucity of data concerning these issues and the study would contribute positively to future management of the patients. Methods: the study was a cross-sectional study of 354 hypertensives that was conducted at the State Hospital, Oyo, Nigeria. The systematic sampling technique was used to recruit patients, and the data were analysed using SPSS software version 23. Linear regression was done to determine the predictors of hyperglycaemia, and logistic regression was done to determine the predictors of diet quality. Results: the mean age of the respondents was 52.60(SD ± 8.26) years. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes in this cohort was 19.60 %. The association of glycated haemoglobin (HbAic) with High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) was negative, weak in strength and statistically significant (p-value = 0.034). For every 1 unit decrease in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), there was a statistically significant increase in HbAic by about 0.383 units (95 % C.I equals-0.737 to-0.029, p-value = 0.034). For every 1 unit increase in total Cholesterol, there was a significant increase in HbAic by about 0.158 units (95 % CI equals 0.007 to 0.308, p-value = 0.04). Age group <45 years were about 2 times less likely to have good diet quality than those of 55 years and above (OR = 0.502; 95 % CI = 0.270-0.932, p-value = 0.029). Conclusions: the study has assisted to characterise this population of hypertensives in terms of serum glucose levels. The prevalence of hyperglycaemia was high among these hypertensives. The predictors of hyperglycaemia were HDL and Cholesterol. Also, the predictor of good diet quality was the age of the respondents.

African Journal of Biomedical Research, Jan 31, 2019

Pesticides impart a crucial role for the improvement of food production according to the requirem... more Pesticides impart a crucial role for the improvement of food production according to the requirement of world population. However, pesticide use also has created concern regarding effect on the environment and the potentially toxic residues remaining in the food chain. This study assessed the knowledge and practice of pesticide use among raw food sellers in Bodija market, Ibadan. A cross-sectional study was conducted using all the registered 400 Beans Sellers and 720 Maize Sellers in the market. Majority (60%) of the respondents had good knowledge on pesticide use. Most (66.7%) of the food sellers that sell in retails had good pesticide application practice while only 45.6% of those selling in whole sale had good practice. The association was statistically significant. (χ2 = 7.977, p=0.019). After adjusting for other variables, the predictors of good practice in pesticide application were level of education and the type of food sold.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2007

Background: The incidence of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is high worldwide but increa... more Background: The incidence of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is high worldwide but increasing occurrence of complications appear peculiar to West Africa. However, knowledge of associated risk factors is sparse, we report the sociodemographic risk factors of CSOM with the aim of control of the disease and complications; and possible preventive strategies. Method: This is a survey of children with CSOM in five sites spread in two suburban cities in two states in Nigeria. Questionnaire was administered on the informants followed by examination of the children. Result: Of the 189 children, 114 (60%) had developed ear suppuration before 6 months of age, the number of attacks within the previous 18 months ranged between 2-12 with average of 7. Sociodemographic risk factors included low socioeconomic class in 153 (81%), 136 (72%) live in congested houses with more than 10 people and 79 (42%) belonged to families with more than 5 children. Indoor-cooking and infant daycare attendance were 117 (62%) while supine bottlefeeding was 115 (61%) and 34 (18%) of subjects had smoking father.

Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine, Jun 1, 2018

Background: The prevalence of hypertension is higher in Semi-urban areas than in rural areas. The... more Background: The prevalence of hypertension is higher in Semi-urban areas than in rural areas. There is a rising prevalence of hypertension in developing countries. Significant independent association has been found between age, family history and prevalence of hypertension according to the literature. This study sought to determine the prevalence of hypertension at the State Hospital Oyo and provide evidence for routine checks of blood pressure (BP) for adult patients. Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted at the General Outpatient Clinic of the State Hospital Oyo. 350 adults between the ages of 18 and 70 years were recruited for the study. A total sampling technique was used to recruit consecutive patients until a sample size of 350 was achieved. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 102/350 = 29%. Thirty (29.70%) of respondents who were 55 years and above had systolic hypertension while 24 (23.80%) had normal BP ( 2 = 87.62, p-value = 0.0001). Majority (57.6%) of respondents who had tertiary education had normal blood pressure while 24 (20.3%) had systolic hypertension (2 = 39.88, p-value = 0.0001). Twenty one (36.8%s) of respondents who were obese had systolic hypertension while 16 (28.1%) had normal blood pressure (2 = 20.61 , p-value = 0.02). Thirteen (12.80%) of respondents who were 55 years and above had diastolic hypertension while a majority (58.40%) had normal BP ( 2 = 33.40, p-value = 0.0001). Conclusions: Age, obesity and education were found to be risk factors for developing hypertension. However after adjusting for other variables, the predictor of risk of developing hypertension was age of respondents.

Hernias by themselves may be asymptomatic, but nearly all have a potential risk of being strangul... more Hernias by themselves may be asymptomatic, but nearly all have a potential risk of being strangulated. Inguinal hernias are usually caused by a congenital defect which occurs as a weakness in the inguinal canal manifesting after injury, pregnancy or aging. This was a case of a 50-year-old woman known hypertensive who presented with right inguinal swelling of two years duration. The swelling was painless and had increased progressively in size. Examination showed the abdomen to be full, moved with respiration, no area of tenderness, liver and spleen were not enlarged and the kidneys were not ballotable. There was a palpable and visible cough impulse in the right inguinal region. She was managed for hypertension and the hernia by Lichtenstein repair. She was also being managed for hypertension. The Lichtenstein repair which is a tension-free repair was found to be associated with a lower incidence of recurrence, pain, numbness, and discomfort and so it is a better option than the tra...

International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical invention, Oct 21, 2019

The use of Intra-Uterine contraceptive device (IUCD) had been found to be associated with several... more The use of Intra-Uterine contraceptive device (IUCD) had been found to be associated with several complications such as bleeding, perforation or migration into surrounding tissues or the omentum and retention. This is a case of a 30-year-old woman who had insertion of IUCD six years before presentation in the clinic which was believed to have been removed. However, uterine ultrasound showed that the IUCD was retained. She then presented with inability to achieve pregnancy of three years duration despite adequate unprotected sexual intercourse. She had Intra-Uterine contraceptive device inserted six years before presentation which she said a Doctor at a private hospital had removed two years after insertion. Her last confinement was about six years before presentation. However, uterine ultrasound showed a normal-sized uterus containing an Intra-Uterine contraceptive device. The retained IUCD was subsequently removed by dilatation and curettage and the patient became pregnant two months later. With appropriate investigation, in this case, accurate ultrasound, it was possible to locate the IUCD and subsequently removed it to solve the patient's problem.

Background: The increasing prevalence of asthma and failure of control are sources of concern in ... more Background: The increasing prevalence of asthma and failure of control are sources of concern in most parts of the world. A review of literature has shown that factors that affect patients' adherence to the use of inhalers included level of literacy, attitudes towards asthma management, knowledge about asthma, deficiencies in patients knowledge and control of symptoms. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of adult asthmatics presenting to University College Hospital Ibadan towards asthma and the impact of family support on adherence to the use of inhalers. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from 1st of April 2010 to 31st of March 2011. The study population involved 355 adults aged between 18years and 55years with an established diagnosis of asthma already on treatment and follow up. Results: Mor e than half of the r espondents 205(57.7%) had poor knowledge of asthma and its management. Two hundred and twenty one (62.3%) of the respondents had poor attitude towards asthma. Majority of the respondents 332(93.5%) had good family support. A higher proportion of respondents with good knowledge of asthma, good attitude toward asthma and good family support had good adherence to the use of inhalers and consequently good control of asthma. Conclusion: This study showed that the majority of the respondents had poor knowledge of asthma, poor attitude towards asthma and good family support. Résumé Contexte: La prévalence croissante de l'asthme et le manque du contrôle sont des sources de préoccupation dans la plupart des régions du monde.

Asthma remains a poorly controlled disease despite the availability of new management guidelines ... more Asthma remains a poorly controlled disease despite the availability of new management guidelines and effective medications leading to increasing morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to determine the factors that influence adherence to the use of inhalers for the control of asthma in adult asthmatics. The study was a cross-sectional analytical conducted over a year from the first of June 2010 at the Medical Outpatient Clinic of University College Hospital Ibadan. The study population was composed of 355 randomly selected adults aged between 18years and 55years with an established diagnosis of asthma already on treatment and follow up. Chi-square test was used for bivariate analyses to test the significance of the association between categorical variables and asthma control and adherence to drugs. Logistic regression analysis was performed for the various factors to show the predictors of asthma control and adherence to treatment. There were 188 females (53%) and 167males (47%). The mean age of the consenting patients was 39.04 years (SD± 11.335). Patients with correct inhaler technique had good asthma control (72.9%) compared to those with incorrect inhaler technique (61.9%), (p=0.085). Patients who used metered dose inhalers(MDI) and dry powder inhalers (DPI) had good asthma control (83.7%) compared to those who used MDI (62.9%) alone and DPI (57.7%) alone, (p=0.001). This study showed that a high proportion of patients on both MDI and DPI had better control of asthma than those on either DPI or MDI alone. And that the predictor of good asthma control was inhaler preference.

The prevalence of hypertension is higher in Semi-urban areas than in rural areas. There is a risi... more The prevalence of hypertension is higher in Semi-urban areas than in rural areas. There is a rising prevalence of hypertension in developing countries. Significant independent association has been found between age, family history and prevalence of hypertension according to the literature. This study sought to determine the prevalence of hypertension at the State Hospital Oyo and provide evidence for routine checks of blood pressure (BP) for adult patients.