Adeela Rafique | University of Health Sciences Lahore (original) (raw)

Papers by Adeela Rafique

Saudi Medical Journal, 2019

Objectives: To assess virus knowledge among dentists in Saudi Arabia and to identify factors asso... more Objectives: To assess virus knowledge among dentists in Saudi Arabia and to identify factors associated with recommended management practices of patients. Method: A structured questionnaire was distributed to dentists in major Saudi cities between September 2016 and December 2017. The questionnaire investigated participants' knowledge about Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus)MERS-CoV(transmission, consequences, patient identification and history taking practices. Data was collected using paper-based questionnaires or an online link sent to dentists registered with Saudi Dental Society nationwide. The analysis was carried using Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows, version 22.0)IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA(logistic regression, odds ratio and confidence intervals to identify the relationship between variables. Results: A total of 423 dentists responded the paperbased questionnaire. Overall the knowledge was good with gaps in history taking practices. Best management practices of MERS-CoV patients were significantly higher among dentists with better knowledge of virus transmission)odd ration [OR]=1.16, p<0.0001(, patients' identification)OR=1.40, p<0.0001(and those knowing that corona infection can be fatal)OR= 2.44, p=0.02(. Conclusion: Best management practices depends on correct patient identification. Educational campaigns should target dentists, given the unique nature of dental practice.

Attitude and practice of dental surgeons towards pharmaceutical companies ’ marketing gifts

Biomedica, 2021

Background and Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the latest infectious disease to... more Background and Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the latest infectious disease to rapidly spread worldwide. The role of dental professionals in preventing the transmission of COVID-19 is critically important while providing routine dental care. The objective of this study was to assess the attitude and perception of dentists to provide treatment to patients and form a general consensus for future dental protocols. Methods: Data collection was done using a well-structured web-based questionnaire (Google forms). The survey form was distributed by sending the link via email, WhatsApp and other online forums. Data were collected from n = 299 participants and analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Frequencies and percentages were determined for qualitative variables whereas mean  standard deviation was calculated for quantitative variables. Results: A total of n = 299 responses were collected. Approximately 90.6% of the respondents were young clinicians with years of experience 1-9 years. Most of the respondents i.e. 70.9% were more inclined towards performing only non-aerosol generating procedures. Ninety five percent agreed upon training of dentists and dental chair side assistants regarding donning and doffing of PPEs and 91% preferred to go for high volume suction for aerosol generating procedures. Ninety four percent of the respondents strongly recommended to check for every patient reporting to dental clinic. Conclusion: Majority of the dentists are well aware of the current crisis, but trends of ambiguities have been seen regarding adaptation of particular protocol for the dental treatment. Intervention from Government is required to establish proper dental guidelines including provision of PPEs so that treatment could be provided with the best of facilities to the poor patients as well.

TRENDS IN ENDODONTIC PROTOCOLS AMONGST DENTISTS IN LAHORE Objectives: To determine the trends in ... more TRENDS IN ENDODONTIC PROTOCOLS AMONGST DENTISTS IN LAHORE Objectives: To determine the trends in endodontic protocols amongst practicing dentists in teaching institutions and private clinics in Lahore. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted amongst dentists working in the teaching institutions and in the private clinics of Lahore. A pre-piloted questionnaire survey adopted from Kohli et al with slight modifications was used. In this descriptive study 270 practicing dentists were selected using consecutive sampling with a 5% level of significance and margin of error Results The 270 respondents had a mean age of 28.16  6.18 participated in this study among which 111 (41.1%) were males and 159(58.9%) were females with the mean age of 30.28  7.416 and 26.68  4.62 respectively. 33(12.2%) were consultants, 175(64.8%) were general dentists whereas 62(23%) were postgraduate residents. In our study population, 76(28.1%) dentists were using magnification among which ...

Study was conducted to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and associated risk ... more Study was conducted to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and associated risk factors among dentists in Lahore. Observational cross-sectional survey conducted in Lahore during March to May 2016. A total of 467 dentists were included with experience ranges from 1-30 years. Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire and specially designed questionnaire were used to record dentists’ responses of dentists. A total of n=467 dentists participated in the study. Results of the current study showed that 88% (n=411) of the total participants were suffering from MSDs. Out of which 51% (n=209) were males and 49% (n=202) were females with no statistically significant difference (p=1.03). Lower back pain was found to be the major complaint of the subjects accounting for 53% (n=218) of the total cases. An increase in prevalence of MSDs was seen with the increasing number of working years of dentists. This increase in MSDs was found to be statistically significant (p value=0.02). ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and practices of minimal intervention dentist... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and practices of minimal intervention dentistry (MID) in the teaching hospitals of Lahore. The target population for this cross-sectional study consisted of fresh graduates, house surgeons and demonstrators of Restorative Dentistry in the dental schools of Lahore. The questionnaire was prepared to assess the teaching and concepts of minimal intervention dentistry being taught at the undergraduate level. The results showed that 83 % of the respondents believed that MID should replace the age old principles of GV Black. The respondents (90-95%) had sound knowledge about the caries risk assessment. However their concepts about clinical management using these techniques of MID were inadequate. In light of this study it is impervious that, a comprehensive practical training guided by the current principles of MID should be designed and implemented to improve present caries management educational program.

Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2021

Background: Odontogenic infections are one of the main causes of patients visit to a dental offic... more Background: Odontogenic infections are one of the main causes of patients visit to a dental office. Antibiotics are magical drugs that have revolutionized the 20th Century in their ability to treat infectious diseases, increasing the life expectancy of individuals. Antibiotics prescription is a common practice among dental professionals and according to an estimate by Centre for Disease Control (CDC) and American Dental Association (ADA), over prescription of antibiotics is seen in 30-50% of the cases. Aim: To assess and compare (no comparison) the antibiotic prescription pattern among general dentists and specialty dentists in Lahore, Pakistan. Methodology: A cross sectional survey was conducted amongst dentists working in the teaching institutions and in the private clinics of Lahore. A pre-piloted questionnaire survey adopted from Jagan et al with slight modifications was used. In this descriptive study 300 practicing dentists were selected using consecutive sampling with a 5% le...

Journal of medical ethics and history of medicine, 2013

Interaction of pharmaceutical companies (PC) with healthcare services has been a reason for conce... more Interaction of pharmaceutical companies (PC) with healthcare services has been a reason for concern. In medicine, awareness of the ethical implications of these interactions have been emphasized upon, while this issue has not been highlighted in dentistry. This study undertook a cross-sectional rapid assessment procedure to gather views of dentists in various institutions towards unethical practices in health care and pharmaceutical industry. The purpose of this study was to assess the need for the formulation and implementation of guidelines for the interaction of dentists with the pharmaceutical and device industry in the best interest of patients. A group of 209 dentists of Lahore including faculty members, demonstrators, private practitioners and fresh graduates responded to a questionnaire to assess their attitudes and practices towards pharmaceutical companies' marketing gifts. The study was conducted during 2011 and provided interesting data that showed the pharmaceutical...

Journal of Conservative Dentistry, 2008

In this study, a Fiber Optic Backscatter Spectroscopic Sensor (FOBSS) is used to monitor deminera... more In this study, a Fiber Optic Backscatter Spectroscopic Sensor (FOBSS) is used to monitor demineralization and remineralization induced changes in the enamel. A bifurcated fiber optic backscatter probe connected to a visible light source and a high resolution spectrophotometer was used to acquire the backscatter light spectrum from the tooth surface. The experiments were conducted in two parts. In Part 1, experiments were carried out using fiber optic backscatter spectroscopy on (1) sound enamel and dentine sections and (2) sound tooth specimens subjected to demineralization and remineralization. In Part 2, polarization microscopy was conducted to examine the depth of demineralization in tooth specimens. The enamel and dentine specimens from the Part-1 experiments showed distinct backscatter spectra. The spectrum obtained from the enamel-dentine combination and the spectrum generated from the average of the enamel and dentine spectral values were closely similar and showed characteristics of dentine. The experiments in Part 2 showed that demineralization and remineralization processes induced a linear decrease and linear increase in the backscatter light intensity respectively. A negative correlation between the decrease in the backscatter light intensity during demineralization and the depth of demineralization determined using the polarization microscopy was calculated to be p = -0.994. This in vitro experiment highlights the potential benefit of using FOBSS to detect demineralization and remineralization of enamel.

... for sharing her expertise with me in mechanical testing. I am also thankful to Prof. Anand As... more ... for sharing her expertise with me in mechanical testing. I am also thankful to Prof. Anand Asundi, Dr Sreekumar and Dr Vivek Subramanium for their support during various experiments. I want to thank Mr Chan Swee Heng for his support and helpful attitude. I would also ...

SPIE Proceedings, 2006

The purpose of this study is to monitor structural response in intact teeth and teeth with struct... more The purpose of this study is to monitor structural response in intact teeth and teeth with structural loss using a noninvasive fiber optic microbend (FOMB) sensor. In this study a miniature fiber optic microbend sensor is fabricated and tested on intact tooth specimens, tooth specimens in which one-third crown structure was removed, tooth specimens in which access cavity was prepared and tooth specimens in which access cavity and root canal were prepared. The microbend sensor displayed a direct relationship between the applied load and the output light intensity. The rate of change in light intensity with increase in loads corresponded with the structural response of the tooth. This experiment highlights the potential of FOMB sensor technology to quantitatively monitor tooth structural loss during post endodontic restorations.

Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2006

The purpose of this study was twofold: ͑1͒ to investigate the nature and degree of water loss at ... more The purpose of this study was twofold: ͑1͒ to investigate the nature and degree of water loss at 21°C, 60% relative humidity ͑de-hydration͒ and at 105°C ͑desiccation͒, and to relate these findings with ͑2͒ the strains produced in the dentine structure during dehydration and rehydration processes. In stage 1, digital moiré interferometry ͑DMI͒ was used to study the strain distribution pattern during dehydration and rehydration at 21°C. In stage 2, the nature and degree of water loss was determined using gravimetric analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. DMI showed that dehydration produced strains in the dentine structure after an initial latent period. Gravimetric analysis showed that dentine exhibited an initial rapid water-loss phase followed by a slow and steady water-loss phase. Though the major portion of water loss occurred in the initial 2 h of dehydration ͑rapid water-loss phase͒, no obvious strains were produced during this period. Rehydration lead to the major reversal of dehydration-induced water loss and strains in dentine. Heating at 105°C resulted in further substantial loss of water from dentine. These experiments highlighted that the free water in the dentine surface, porosities and tubules are lost rapidly and constitute the major water lost when dehydrated at 21°C.

The aim of this study was two fold: (1) to investigate the nature and degree of water loss at 21°... more The aim of this study was two fold: (1) to investigate the nature and degree of water loss at 21°C (dehydration) and relate these findings with (2) strains produced in dentine structure during water loss and regain. The nature and degree of water loss was investigated using Nuclear-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and gravimetric analysis. Digital Moire Interferometry (DMI) was used to study the patterns of strain distribution during water-loss (dehydration) and water-regain (rehydration) at 21°C. The gravimetric analysis showed that dentine exhibited a biphasic response in water-loss. An initial rapid phase followed by a gradual and steady phase. DMI showed that dehydration induced strains were formed within dentine in three phases. These experiments highlighted that the major portion of free water from dentine was lost rapidly from the surface and the dentinal tubules, as soon as they are exposed to 21°C (55% RH). DMI showed that dehydration produced strains in the dentine structur...