Fatai Sowunmi | University of Ibadan Nigeria (original) (raw)
Papers by Fatai Sowunmi
Environmental degradation continues to pose a threat to the sustainability of African natural res... more Environmental degradation continues to pose a threat to the sustainability of African natural resource endowments. Increasing demand for sand for construction purposes has made sand dredging along river or sea resources a major threat to aquatic habitats and artisanal fishing. The importance of artisanal fishing as a source of protein, and means of livelihoods in Nigeria cannot be over emphasised, bearing in mind the high level of unemployment in the country. This study examined the concept of environmental efficiency and how it can be used to evaluate the performance of artisanal fishing, using high water turbidity arising from sand dredging activities as a detrimental input. It also identified the cost and returns associated with artisanal fishing in sand dredging and nonsand dredging areas in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study highlighted the need for sand dredging activities to be monitored and urged relevant authorities to consider restricting the activities of sand dredgers to non-fishing communities. It also recommended intensive family planning campaigns in fishing communities to reduce household sizes, and called for the need for fishermen to engage in fish farming to complement their income. Small-size fish caught at Majidun, Nigeria
Food and Agribusiness Management, 2022
Dynamics of production efficiency is a key factor in assessing resource-use patterns and producti... more Dynamics of production efficiency is a key factor in assessing resource-use patterns and production growth. Raising technical efficiency of smallholder farmers in rural areas would not only increase their income but also stimulate the rest of the economy. This study therefore assessed movement of smallholder farmers in and out of technical efficiency regime over time in Nigeria. Panel data from Living Standard Measurement Survey was analysed using stochastic production frontier model, Markov chain and multinomial logit model. Farm size, labour, cassava cuttings and the use of pesticides, significantly influenced the productivity of cassava production while age squared, household size, no access to extension services and membership of a cooperative society reduced the efficiency of the farming households. A higher percentage (64.83%) of cassava farms under mono-cropping system were efficient in 2010/2011, while a large proportion of about 92.91% were inefficient in 2015/2016. Further, the rate of entry into technical inefficiency (31.32%) was more than the rate of exit from technical inefficiency (14.89%). Transition into technical inefficiency was explained by age, age squared, farm size, gender, household size, marital status, secondary school education and farming systems. In the long run, the probability that rural cassava farmers will be technically efficient was higher than that of being technically inefficient in the future.
Alanya Akademik Bakış, 2020
The needs to create time utility and present pap in a form that will enhance its preservation hav... more The needs to create time utility and present pap in a form that will enhance its preservation have led to pap flour gradually becoming an important processed agricultural product. The study showed that among respondents, the awareness on pap flour was high. Majority of the respondents (62.0%) was female while the average age was 33.7years. The respondents’ average monthly income was ₦137, 753 and 0.53% of the monthly income was spent on pap flour. The average amount spent on pap flour per month was ₦553.50. The study revealed that occupation influenced respondents’ perception on pap flour. Household size, monthly income, years of schooling and marital status were factors that influenced consumers’ choice of pap flour. The probability of resident consuming pap flour in the study area was 0.83. Market segmentation based on income earnings will enhance the sales revenue.
World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development, 2012
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe a project designed with the aim of developing ... more Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe a project designed with the aim of developing a black and green tea processing technology for Nigerian farmers and evaluate the conformance of the quality of the processed tea to the recommended international standard. Design/methodology/approach – Locally processed and graded black teas were collected from Kakara and Bangoba for analysis. Different grades analyzed were Dust 1, Pekoe fanning (PF), broken pekoe (BP) and Fibre. Green tea was also processed from 21 tea clones selected from the Cocoa Research Institute, Kusuku Station tea plantation located at 1,840 m above mean sea level and analyzed for quality characteristics. The methods used for the quality of black and green teas analysis were in accordance with ISO standard: ISO 9768 method (revised) was used for determining % water extract, ISO 5498 for crude fibre, ISO 1575 for % total ash, and ISO 1577 for acid insoluble ash. Other additional quality parameters evaluated for b...
Agricultural Socio-Economics Journal
Branded sausage is one of the fast foods, and the demand for it in Nigeria is increasing substant... more Branded sausage is one of the fast foods, and the demand for it in Nigeria is increasing substantially due to growing household affluence and its availability and affordability. The study examined the market concentration and the need for branded sausage rolls in Oyo State using 290 respondents (buyers and sellers) collected through a three-stage sampling procedure. The study affirmed that Gala (small and big) had the highest percentage (41.3%) of consumers while bigi and the rite spicy had 22.7% and 21.4%, respectively. The yum-yum brand had the lowest consumers percentage (1.8%). The average amount consumers spent on gala (big and small size) per month was ₦824.18 followed by rite spicy and bigi with a moderate amount of ₦582.98 and ₦520 per month. Gala (small and big) had the highest inequality in sales revenue (0.42) while bigi had the least (0.26). The market concentration of gala was the highest (50%) while bigi had the least (40%). The market share of the gala (big and small ...
This article examines how an anti-graft body, the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC),... more This article examines how an anti-graft body, the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC), has fared in reducing the incidence of corruption in Nigeria, in particular, bank fraud, Internet scam, and bad governance. It first discusses the corrup-tion situation in Nigeria by highlighting public office holders who have been associated with corruption charges. A Likert-type scale is used in designing the questionnaire for data collection. Descriptive and chi-square analyses are used, and results reveal that the performance of the EFCC has been affected by government interference (p <.05). However, although the anti-graft body has not been able to reduce the incidence of bank fraud (p>.05), bad governance and advance fee fraud have recorded appreciable reduction (p <.05). Areas of success as well as challenges that need to be addressed are identified. Specifically, it is recommended that the bill that established EFCC should be amended to reduce government interference an...
Poultry, Fisheries & Wildlife Sciences, 2016
The fishery sector occupies a significant position in the economy of Nigeria contributing 4% to a... more The fishery sector occupies a significant position in the economy of Nigeria contributing 4% to agricultural GDP. The artisanal fisheries supplies 81.9% of the total domestic fish production in Nigeria. The result of this study which relied purely on field research examined the socioeconomic activities of artisanal fisher folks in the east and west axes of Lagos state comprising Ibeju-Leki and Badagry areas. Five fishing communities were selected from each axis and 200 respondents (20 from each community) were sampled. Structured questionnaire, focus group discussion and interview sessions were used to collect data on socioeconomic characteristics, livelihood parameters, cost of craft, gear and other fishing inputs, fish species and productivity. T-test and descriptive statistics were used for analyses. The analysis showed that there was no significant variation in the distribution pattern of the socioeconomic characteristics and other parameters between the fishers' areas of operation.
Charcoal production over the years has contributed to deforestation and environmental degradation... more Charcoal production over the years has contributed to deforestation and environmental degradation which could affect its sustainability. Seasonality of production also makes livelihood diversification important for the producers' wellbeing. Hence, the environmental and welfare effects of livelihood diversification of charcoal producers were investigated. The study showed that 71.4% of the respondents diversified into other agriculture and non-agricultural activities. The diversification index was 0.61. With the poverty line of ₦189,023.10, 56.1% of the charcoal producers had poor welfare status (poor). The disaggregation showed that 55.7% and 43.3% of the charcoal producers that diversified and respondents that did not diversify had good welfare status, respectively. Most of the respondents with good welfare-status (non-poor) diversified into poultry, crop farming, fish farming and artisanal work (54.6%, 57.4%, 88.9%) while those that engaged in artisanal work (carpentry, brickl...
Sustainability
An increase in the price of branded feed has been a major problem for the poultry subsector of Ni... more An increase in the price of branded feed has been a major problem for the poultry subsector of Nigerian agriculture, and brand switching for a cheap feed at the expense of quality is a common strategy used by egg-producing farmers. Using descriptive statistics, the Markov chain model and the logistic regression model, our study shows that almost 96% of the egg producers use branded feed while 43.1% switched feed brands because of the increase in the price of their preferred brands. Most farmers used Chikun (39.3%) and Top feed (23.2%) six months before data collection and during data collection, respectively. Our study found that approximately 37% of the feed sellers sold at least 10–50 bags per day. We revealed great inequality regarding market concentration: 50% of the feed sellers accounted for 89.5% of the total bags of feed sold per day. Hybrid had the highest customer loyalty. The study shows that Chikun gained 23.7% and 7.1% from Hybrid and Top feed, respectively, while Hybri...
Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis, 1999
... 1 , P. Kenemans 1 , MJ van der Moore 1 , JJ Emeis 2 , WM van Baal 1 , ER ... In summary, post... more ... 1 , P. Kenemans 1 , MJ van der Moore 1 , JJ Emeis 2 , WM van Baal 1 , ER ... In summary, postmenopausaloral sequentiallycom-bined E2-dydrogesteronetherapy was associated withan increase in ... Philips M, Juul AG, Selmer J, Lind B, Thorsen SA specific immunologicassay for ...
Foods
Food waste is a burden on society in terms of the money wasted. There is limited information on t... more Food waste is a burden on society in terms of the money wasted. There is limited information on the determinants of food waste and the amount lost to food waste by households as most previous studies were on post-harvest losses. Hence, determinants of food waste among households in Kogi West Senatorial District, Kogi State Nigeria were investigated. A three-stage sampling technique was used to select the respondents, while a structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using Tobit regression and an equality test. The study revealed that food waste was higher in male headed households. The average monthly food waste proportion among urban households was significantly higher than that of rural households. The estimated amounts lost to food waste per month were ₦2103 and ₦5530 for the rural and urban households, respectively. These represented 7.2% and 13.1% of the total expenditure on food per month for rural and urban households, respectively. Among rural...
International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 2010
This article examines how an anti-graft body, the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC),... more This article examines how an anti-graft body, the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC), has fared in reducing the incidence of corruption in Nigeria, in particular, bank fraud, Internet scam, and bad governance. It first discusses the corruption situation in Nigeria by highlighting public office holders who have been associated with corruption charges. A Likert-type scale is used in designing the questionnaire for data collection. Descriptive and chi-square analyses are used, and results reveal that the performance of the EFCC has been affected by government interference (p < .05). However, although the anti-graft body has not been able to reduce the incidence of bank fraud (p > .05), bad governance and advance fee fraud have recorded appreciable reduction (p < .05). Areas of success as well as challenges that need to be addressed are identified. Specifically, it is recommended that the bill that established EFCC should be amended to reduce government interference...
Abstract: This study examines the theoretical effect of information asymmetry on auction and bidd... more Abstract: This study examines the theoretical effect of information asymmetry on auction and bidding. The study indicates the significant impact of information asymmetry on the price the winner pays in an auction process. The impact varies from one form of auction to the other. In sealed-bid auction, the more informed party has a much higher marginal expected return than the uninformed competitors. The probability of loser's curse is markedly higher than the probability of winner's curse among uninformed participants that have high private value in English auction. Since bidders are more affected by information asymmetry, it is recommended that bidder should seek for information on goods of interest and also ensure that inspection is carried out on prospective purchases before the auction commences in order to reduce the negative effect of information asymmetry on bidder.
The study examines the effect of NAPEP loan on socioeconomic development of Ogun state. Structure... more The study examines the effect of NAPEP loan on socioeconomic development of Ogun state. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data from small and medium scale entrepreneurs that operate within markets in the study area. Differences of means and Probit analyses were used to analyze data collected. The study revealed that there is no significant difference in the business worth of the loan beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries (p>0.05). The average expenditure on the dependants was significantly higher for the loan beneficiaries (p<0.05). The probability that a small or medium scale entrepreneur obtain NAPEP loan is positively influenced by age, years of experience and educational status. The probability of being a loan beneficiary was 0.74 the loan beneficiaries should be regularly enlightened on proper used of fund to avoid too much concentration on consumption expenditure at the detriment of their business expansion.
Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development
Environmentally detrimental input (water turbidity) and the conventional production inputs are co... more Environmentally detrimental input (water turbidity) and the conventional production inputs are considered within the framework of stochastic frontier analysis to estimate environmental efficiencies of each fisherman in sand dredging and non-dredging areas. Cost and return analyses show the constituents of average gross profit of fishermen in the study area. The result revealed that environmental efficiency is low among fishermen in the sand dredging areas. Educational status, experience in fishing and sand dredging are the factors influencing environmental efficiency in the sand dredging areas. The gross profit per day is higher among the fishermen in the non-dredging areas. The study affirmed large household size among fishermen. It was also revealed that fishermen in the fishing community around the dredging areas travel long distances in order to reduce the negative effect of sand dredging on their fishing activity. It is recommended that government regulate the activities of sand dredgers by restricting them to operate at non-fishing communities as well as intensifying family planning campaign in fishing communities to reduce the negative effect of high household size on fishing. The need to encourage fish rearing among fishermen to complement their meagre incomes is also imperative.
Environmental degradation continues to pose a threat to the sustainability of African natural res... more Environmental degradation continues to pose a threat to the sustainability of African natural resource endowments. Increasing demand for sand for construction purposes has made sand dredging along river or sea resources a major threat to aquatic habitats and artisanal fishing. The importance of artisanal fishing as a source of protein, and means of livelihoods in Nigeria cannot be over emphasised, bearing in mind the high level of unemployment in the country. This study examined the concept of environmental efficiency and how it can be used to evaluate the performance of artisanal fishing, using high water turbidity arising from sand dredging activities as a detrimental input. It also identified the cost and returns associated with artisanal fishing in sand dredging and non-sand dredging areas in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study highlighted the need for sand dredging activities to be monitored and urged relevant authorities to consider restricting the activities of sand dredgers to n...
Asian Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry
Cassava has gained prominence in the world and has become economic crop in the Nigerian agricultu... more Cassava has gained prominence in the world and has become economic crop in the Nigerian agricultural sector. Secondary data was used for this study. The required variables were extracted from General Household Survey Panel Data (GHS-P). The GHS-P is a nationally representative survey of households across Nigeria covering urban and rural sectors. Analytical tools used included Total factor productivity and Markov chain. 82% of populations of Cassava farmers are in the rural areas and close to 73% were young adults including both male and female involved in cassava production. Approximately 65% of the cassava based farmers were single that not yet married and most of the farmers were educated and about 80% and 98% of the cassava based farmers did not have access to credit facilities and extension personnel respectively. Generally, the cassava productivity growth was erratic and very small proportion of cassava farmers that were in lower productivity reduced overtime, while the minimal...
African Journal of Agricultural Research, 2009
The paper employs discriminant analysis to examine key socio-economic variables which distinguish... more The paper employs discriminant analysis to examine key socio-economic variables which distinguish residents of Odeda from Obafemi – Owode local government areas of Ogun State based on the incidence of guinea worm disease status. It is evident that source of drinking water consumed, medication method adopted and duration of healing of guinea worm disease have strong discriminating effects than other socio-economic variables like age, sex, access to health education and type of labour employed. The study revealed an average man-day loss of N850.20 and N1, 350 as the cost of treating the infection that takes 43.7days to heal completely. The paper suggests provision of safe drinking water, either through boreholes, pipe borne water or ensuring that other sources of water like ponds are filtered or treated with necessary chemicals.
International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research
Developing Sustainable Food Systems, Policies, and Securities
The study examined the impact of rural-urban migration on the food consumption pattern of farming... more The study examined the impact of rural-urban migration on the food consumption pattern of farming households. The study revealed that 73.8% of the households had migrants, while 80.2% of the migrants were male. The highest level of education of most of the migrants was secondary school (71.4%). The study showed that the major reason (63.3%) for migration was for job. The average remittance sent per year was ₦108,119.14. The study revealed that household expenditure on carbohydrate food group accounted for 54.4% of the total households' expenditure on food. The average dietary diversity indices for the migrant (0.345) and non-migrant (0.346) households were low. The study revealed that migration (short and long term) positively influenced per capita food expenditure of respondent. Despite the remittance from some of the migrants, the need to develop the rural areas in terms of provision of basic infrastructures by government is imperative in order to reduce rural-urban migration.
Environmental degradation continues to pose a threat to the sustainability of African natural res... more Environmental degradation continues to pose a threat to the sustainability of African natural resource endowments. Increasing demand for sand for construction purposes has made sand dredging along river or sea resources a major threat to aquatic habitats and artisanal fishing. The importance of artisanal fishing as a source of protein, and means of livelihoods in Nigeria cannot be over emphasised, bearing in mind the high level of unemployment in the country. This study examined the concept of environmental efficiency and how it can be used to evaluate the performance of artisanal fishing, using high water turbidity arising from sand dredging activities as a detrimental input. It also identified the cost and returns associated with artisanal fishing in sand dredging and nonsand dredging areas in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study highlighted the need for sand dredging activities to be monitored and urged relevant authorities to consider restricting the activities of sand dredgers to non-fishing communities. It also recommended intensive family planning campaigns in fishing communities to reduce household sizes, and called for the need for fishermen to engage in fish farming to complement their income. Small-size fish caught at Majidun, Nigeria
Food and Agribusiness Management, 2022
Dynamics of production efficiency is a key factor in assessing resource-use patterns and producti... more Dynamics of production efficiency is a key factor in assessing resource-use patterns and production growth. Raising technical efficiency of smallholder farmers in rural areas would not only increase their income but also stimulate the rest of the economy. This study therefore assessed movement of smallholder farmers in and out of technical efficiency regime over time in Nigeria. Panel data from Living Standard Measurement Survey was analysed using stochastic production frontier model, Markov chain and multinomial logit model. Farm size, labour, cassava cuttings and the use of pesticides, significantly influenced the productivity of cassava production while age squared, household size, no access to extension services and membership of a cooperative society reduced the efficiency of the farming households. A higher percentage (64.83%) of cassava farms under mono-cropping system were efficient in 2010/2011, while a large proportion of about 92.91% were inefficient in 2015/2016. Further, the rate of entry into technical inefficiency (31.32%) was more than the rate of exit from technical inefficiency (14.89%). Transition into technical inefficiency was explained by age, age squared, farm size, gender, household size, marital status, secondary school education and farming systems. In the long run, the probability that rural cassava farmers will be technically efficient was higher than that of being technically inefficient in the future.
Alanya Akademik Bakış, 2020
The needs to create time utility and present pap in a form that will enhance its preservation hav... more The needs to create time utility and present pap in a form that will enhance its preservation have led to pap flour gradually becoming an important processed agricultural product. The study showed that among respondents, the awareness on pap flour was high. Majority of the respondents (62.0%) was female while the average age was 33.7years. The respondents’ average monthly income was ₦137, 753 and 0.53% of the monthly income was spent on pap flour. The average amount spent on pap flour per month was ₦553.50. The study revealed that occupation influenced respondents’ perception on pap flour. Household size, monthly income, years of schooling and marital status were factors that influenced consumers’ choice of pap flour. The probability of resident consuming pap flour in the study area was 0.83. Market segmentation based on income earnings will enhance the sales revenue.
World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development, 2012
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe a project designed with the aim of developing ... more Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe a project designed with the aim of developing a black and green tea processing technology for Nigerian farmers and evaluate the conformance of the quality of the processed tea to the recommended international standard. Design/methodology/approach – Locally processed and graded black teas were collected from Kakara and Bangoba for analysis. Different grades analyzed were Dust 1, Pekoe fanning (PF), broken pekoe (BP) and Fibre. Green tea was also processed from 21 tea clones selected from the Cocoa Research Institute, Kusuku Station tea plantation located at 1,840 m above mean sea level and analyzed for quality characteristics. The methods used for the quality of black and green teas analysis were in accordance with ISO standard: ISO 9768 method (revised) was used for determining % water extract, ISO 5498 for crude fibre, ISO 1575 for % total ash, and ISO 1577 for acid insoluble ash. Other additional quality parameters evaluated for b...
Agricultural Socio-Economics Journal
Branded sausage is one of the fast foods, and the demand for it in Nigeria is increasing substant... more Branded sausage is one of the fast foods, and the demand for it in Nigeria is increasing substantially due to growing household affluence and its availability and affordability. The study examined the market concentration and the need for branded sausage rolls in Oyo State using 290 respondents (buyers and sellers) collected through a three-stage sampling procedure. The study affirmed that Gala (small and big) had the highest percentage (41.3%) of consumers while bigi and the rite spicy had 22.7% and 21.4%, respectively. The yum-yum brand had the lowest consumers percentage (1.8%). The average amount consumers spent on gala (big and small size) per month was ₦824.18 followed by rite spicy and bigi with a moderate amount of ₦582.98 and ₦520 per month. Gala (small and big) had the highest inequality in sales revenue (0.42) while bigi had the least (0.26). The market concentration of gala was the highest (50%) while bigi had the least (40%). The market share of the gala (big and small ...
This article examines how an anti-graft body, the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC),... more This article examines how an anti-graft body, the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC), has fared in reducing the incidence of corruption in Nigeria, in particular, bank fraud, Internet scam, and bad governance. It first discusses the corrup-tion situation in Nigeria by highlighting public office holders who have been associated with corruption charges. A Likert-type scale is used in designing the questionnaire for data collection. Descriptive and chi-square analyses are used, and results reveal that the performance of the EFCC has been affected by government interference (p <.05). However, although the anti-graft body has not been able to reduce the incidence of bank fraud (p>.05), bad governance and advance fee fraud have recorded appreciable reduction (p <.05). Areas of success as well as challenges that need to be addressed are identified. Specifically, it is recommended that the bill that established EFCC should be amended to reduce government interference an...
Poultry, Fisheries & Wildlife Sciences, 2016
The fishery sector occupies a significant position in the economy of Nigeria contributing 4% to a... more The fishery sector occupies a significant position in the economy of Nigeria contributing 4% to agricultural GDP. The artisanal fisheries supplies 81.9% of the total domestic fish production in Nigeria. The result of this study which relied purely on field research examined the socioeconomic activities of artisanal fisher folks in the east and west axes of Lagos state comprising Ibeju-Leki and Badagry areas. Five fishing communities were selected from each axis and 200 respondents (20 from each community) were sampled. Structured questionnaire, focus group discussion and interview sessions were used to collect data on socioeconomic characteristics, livelihood parameters, cost of craft, gear and other fishing inputs, fish species and productivity. T-test and descriptive statistics were used for analyses. The analysis showed that there was no significant variation in the distribution pattern of the socioeconomic characteristics and other parameters between the fishers' areas of operation.
Charcoal production over the years has contributed to deforestation and environmental degradation... more Charcoal production over the years has contributed to deforestation and environmental degradation which could affect its sustainability. Seasonality of production also makes livelihood diversification important for the producers' wellbeing. Hence, the environmental and welfare effects of livelihood diversification of charcoal producers were investigated. The study showed that 71.4% of the respondents diversified into other agriculture and non-agricultural activities. The diversification index was 0.61. With the poverty line of ₦189,023.10, 56.1% of the charcoal producers had poor welfare status (poor). The disaggregation showed that 55.7% and 43.3% of the charcoal producers that diversified and respondents that did not diversify had good welfare status, respectively. Most of the respondents with good welfare-status (non-poor) diversified into poultry, crop farming, fish farming and artisanal work (54.6%, 57.4%, 88.9%) while those that engaged in artisanal work (carpentry, brickl...
Sustainability
An increase in the price of branded feed has been a major problem for the poultry subsector of Ni... more An increase in the price of branded feed has been a major problem for the poultry subsector of Nigerian agriculture, and brand switching for a cheap feed at the expense of quality is a common strategy used by egg-producing farmers. Using descriptive statistics, the Markov chain model and the logistic regression model, our study shows that almost 96% of the egg producers use branded feed while 43.1% switched feed brands because of the increase in the price of their preferred brands. Most farmers used Chikun (39.3%) and Top feed (23.2%) six months before data collection and during data collection, respectively. Our study found that approximately 37% of the feed sellers sold at least 10–50 bags per day. We revealed great inequality regarding market concentration: 50% of the feed sellers accounted for 89.5% of the total bags of feed sold per day. Hybrid had the highest customer loyalty. The study shows that Chikun gained 23.7% and 7.1% from Hybrid and Top feed, respectively, while Hybri...
Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis, 1999
... 1 , P. Kenemans 1 , MJ van der Moore 1 , JJ Emeis 2 , WM van Baal 1 , ER ... In summary, post... more ... 1 , P. Kenemans 1 , MJ van der Moore 1 , JJ Emeis 2 , WM van Baal 1 , ER ... In summary, postmenopausaloral sequentiallycom-bined E2-dydrogesteronetherapy was associated withan increase in ... Philips M, Juul AG, Selmer J, Lind B, Thorsen SA specific immunologicassay for ...
Foods
Food waste is a burden on society in terms of the money wasted. There is limited information on t... more Food waste is a burden on society in terms of the money wasted. There is limited information on the determinants of food waste and the amount lost to food waste by households as most previous studies were on post-harvest losses. Hence, determinants of food waste among households in Kogi West Senatorial District, Kogi State Nigeria were investigated. A three-stage sampling technique was used to select the respondents, while a structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using Tobit regression and an equality test. The study revealed that food waste was higher in male headed households. The average monthly food waste proportion among urban households was significantly higher than that of rural households. The estimated amounts lost to food waste per month were ₦2103 and ₦5530 for the rural and urban households, respectively. These represented 7.2% and 13.1% of the total expenditure on food per month for rural and urban households, respectively. Among rural...
International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 2010
This article examines how an anti-graft body, the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC),... more This article examines how an anti-graft body, the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC), has fared in reducing the incidence of corruption in Nigeria, in particular, bank fraud, Internet scam, and bad governance. It first discusses the corruption situation in Nigeria by highlighting public office holders who have been associated with corruption charges. A Likert-type scale is used in designing the questionnaire for data collection. Descriptive and chi-square analyses are used, and results reveal that the performance of the EFCC has been affected by government interference (p < .05). However, although the anti-graft body has not been able to reduce the incidence of bank fraud (p > .05), bad governance and advance fee fraud have recorded appreciable reduction (p < .05). Areas of success as well as challenges that need to be addressed are identified. Specifically, it is recommended that the bill that established EFCC should be amended to reduce government interference...
Abstract: This study examines the theoretical effect of information asymmetry on auction and bidd... more Abstract: This study examines the theoretical effect of information asymmetry on auction and bidding. The study indicates the significant impact of information asymmetry on the price the winner pays in an auction process. The impact varies from one form of auction to the other. In sealed-bid auction, the more informed party has a much higher marginal expected return than the uninformed competitors. The probability of loser's curse is markedly higher than the probability of winner's curse among uninformed participants that have high private value in English auction. Since bidders are more affected by information asymmetry, it is recommended that bidder should seek for information on goods of interest and also ensure that inspection is carried out on prospective purchases before the auction commences in order to reduce the negative effect of information asymmetry on bidder.
The study examines the effect of NAPEP loan on socioeconomic development of Ogun state. Structure... more The study examines the effect of NAPEP loan on socioeconomic development of Ogun state. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data from small and medium scale entrepreneurs that operate within markets in the study area. Differences of means and Probit analyses were used to analyze data collected. The study revealed that there is no significant difference in the business worth of the loan beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries (p>0.05). The average expenditure on the dependants was significantly higher for the loan beneficiaries (p<0.05). The probability that a small or medium scale entrepreneur obtain NAPEP loan is positively influenced by age, years of experience and educational status. The probability of being a loan beneficiary was 0.74 the loan beneficiaries should be regularly enlightened on proper used of fund to avoid too much concentration on consumption expenditure at the detriment of their business expansion.
Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development
Environmentally detrimental input (water turbidity) and the conventional production inputs are co... more Environmentally detrimental input (water turbidity) and the conventional production inputs are considered within the framework of stochastic frontier analysis to estimate environmental efficiencies of each fisherman in sand dredging and non-dredging areas. Cost and return analyses show the constituents of average gross profit of fishermen in the study area. The result revealed that environmental efficiency is low among fishermen in the sand dredging areas. Educational status, experience in fishing and sand dredging are the factors influencing environmental efficiency in the sand dredging areas. The gross profit per day is higher among the fishermen in the non-dredging areas. The study affirmed large household size among fishermen. It was also revealed that fishermen in the fishing community around the dredging areas travel long distances in order to reduce the negative effect of sand dredging on their fishing activity. It is recommended that government regulate the activities of sand dredgers by restricting them to operate at non-fishing communities as well as intensifying family planning campaign in fishing communities to reduce the negative effect of high household size on fishing. The need to encourage fish rearing among fishermen to complement their meagre incomes is also imperative.
Environmental degradation continues to pose a threat to the sustainability of African natural res... more Environmental degradation continues to pose a threat to the sustainability of African natural resource endowments. Increasing demand for sand for construction purposes has made sand dredging along river or sea resources a major threat to aquatic habitats and artisanal fishing. The importance of artisanal fishing as a source of protein, and means of livelihoods in Nigeria cannot be over emphasised, bearing in mind the high level of unemployment in the country. This study examined the concept of environmental efficiency and how it can be used to evaluate the performance of artisanal fishing, using high water turbidity arising from sand dredging activities as a detrimental input. It also identified the cost and returns associated with artisanal fishing in sand dredging and non-sand dredging areas in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study highlighted the need for sand dredging activities to be monitored and urged relevant authorities to consider restricting the activities of sand dredgers to n...
Asian Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry
Cassava has gained prominence in the world and has become economic crop in the Nigerian agricultu... more Cassava has gained prominence in the world and has become economic crop in the Nigerian agricultural sector. Secondary data was used for this study. The required variables were extracted from General Household Survey Panel Data (GHS-P). The GHS-P is a nationally representative survey of households across Nigeria covering urban and rural sectors. Analytical tools used included Total factor productivity and Markov chain. 82% of populations of Cassava farmers are in the rural areas and close to 73% were young adults including both male and female involved in cassava production. Approximately 65% of the cassava based farmers were single that not yet married and most of the farmers were educated and about 80% and 98% of the cassava based farmers did not have access to credit facilities and extension personnel respectively. Generally, the cassava productivity growth was erratic and very small proportion of cassava farmers that were in lower productivity reduced overtime, while the minimal...
African Journal of Agricultural Research, 2009
The paper employs discriminant analysis to examine key socio-economic variables which distinguish... more The paper employs discriminant analysis to examine key socio-economic variables which distinguish residents of Odeda from Obafemi – Owode local government areas of Ogun State based on the incidence of guinea worm disease status. It is evident that source of drinking water consumed, medication method adopted and duration of healing of guinea worm disease have strong discriminating effects than other socio-economic variables like age, sex, access to health education and type of labour employed. The study revealed an average man-day loss of N850.20 and N1, 350 as the cost of treating the infection that takes 43.7days to heal completely. The paper suggests provision of safe drinking water, either through boreholes, pipe borne water or ensuring that other sources of water like ponds are filtered or treated with necessary chemicals.
International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research
Developing Sustainable Food Systems, Policies, and Securities
The study examined the impact of rural-urban migration on the food consumption pattern of farming... more The study examined the impact of rural-urban migration on the food consumption pattern of farming households. The study revealed that 73.8% of the households had migrants, while 80.2% of the migrants were male. The highest level of education of most of the migrants was secondary school (71.4%). The study showed that the major reason (63.3%) for migration was for job. The average remittance sent per year was ₦108,119.14. The study revealed that household expenditure on carbohydrate food group accounted for 54.4% of the total households' expenditure on food. The average dietary diversity indices for the migrant (0.345) and non-migrant (0.346) households were low. The study revealed that migration (short and long term) positively influenced per capita food expenditure of respondent. Despite the remittance from some of the migrants, the need to develop the rural areas in terms of provision of basic infrastructures by government is imperative in order to reduce rural-urban migration.