Kristin Bergtora Sandvik | University of Oslo (original) (raw)
Uploads
Papers by Kristin Bergtora Sandvik
Hellums Metode (Festskrift), 2023
This chapter – which is a scoping exercise – addresses an emerging issue at the interface of gend... more This chapter – which is a scoping exercise – addresses an emerging issue at the interface of gender-based violence, economic oppression and the digital transformation of society: how does digitalization of bank ID and legal aid shape the legal and economic problems immigrant women face? International human rights norms around these issues are still just emerging. To contribute to the discussion, and to help clarify the norms around digital economic violence, we use the Norwegian context to identify a set of problem framings. We reflect on how the effects of the digital transformation tie in with traditional drivers and multipliers of inequality and exclusion in the context of legal aid to migrant women
Social Science Research Network, 2014
The growing literature on gender in armed conflict and the debates over post-conflict reparations... more The growing literature on gender in armed conflict and the debates over post-conflict reparations for women, focus on the prevalence and harms of sexual violence. While this focus has recently been critiqued, there are few articulations of other types of gendered injuries. This article decentres the emphasis on sexual violence by examining the intersection between forced displacement and political insecurity. Based on extensive field research in Colombia, and using as an example a case study of an internally displaced women's grassroots organization in Cartagena, Colombia, this article examines political insecurity as a specifically gendered harm. It reflects on the concrete circumstances of insecurity, on the relevance of traditional gender roles in the constitution of insecurity, and on the challenges for court-ordered remedies. This widening of the scope of attention also invites complex reflection on the possibility of transformative reparations in post-conflict situations.
Conjuntura Austral, 2016
Neste artigo, aborda-se o emprego de Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANTs), ou drones, para a aç... more Neste artigo, aborda-se o emprego de Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANTs), ou drones, para a ação humanitária. Através da análise do emprego e funções adquiridas por estas tecnologias no âmbito global, tenciona-se discutir e escrutinar criticamente as narrativas, cada vez mais frequentes, que associam drones como veículos para a ação humanitária e, desse modo, pretende-se contribuir e oferecer alguns insumos para este nascente e importante debate.
The chapter begins to carve out an account of the ‘public order drone’ with the aim of developing... more The chapter begins to carve out an account of the ‘public order drone’ with the aim of developing a critical narrative of the relationship between drone proliferation and public order. Particular attention is given to the types of ‘drone disorder’ that emerge out of the current explosion in popular recreational use of drones. At present, the central project of the drone industry is to gain access to civil airspace in the US and the EU. Industry groups are having considerable success in shaping the political and legislative debates about the integration of drones in civilian airspace, yet remain greatly frustrated by public and government resistance to such integration. Promoting ‘good uses’ for drones are central to the effort of increasing the legitimacy of drones and drone usage, in the eyes of a public skeptical of the drone war and concerned about the perceived threats to privacy resulting from domestic drone surveillance. What is here called ‘the public order drone’ (following Hayes, Jones and Töpfer 2014) has in recent years emerged as an important part of this project.
Internasjonal Politikk, Jun 18, 2014
Internasjonal Politikk, Jun 18, 2014
Kritisk juss, 2006
Debatten om å åpne for samkjønnede ekteskap har gått høyt det siste året. Formålet med denne arti... more Debatten om å åpne for samkjønnede ekteskap har gått høyt det siste året. Formålet med denne artikkelen er å gjennomføre en ryddeeksersis.Forfatterne ønsker å plassere argumenter og debatter i forhold til hverandre, for om mulig å forstå noe mer av hva slags debatt som egentlig føres. Artikkelen handler således mer om en «diskrimineringsdebatt» og bestrebelser på å få sine argument betraktet som rettslige, enn om diskriminering som rettslig begrep. Forfatterne argumenterer for at allmenn aksept for en slik endring ikke kan oppnås gjennom lovgivning alene, den må diskuteres frem. Slik dialog er et komplisert, men nødvendig prosjekt.
Norsk antropologisk tidsskrift, 2010
... av Kristin Bergtora Sandvik. Forbindelser gjennom bryst: Om melk, sosial tilknytning og passe... more ... av Kristin Bergtora Sandvik. Forbindelser gjennom bryst: Om melk, sosial tilknytning og passende -ekteskapspartnere blant wolof-talende folk i Vest-Afrika (Side 32-42) av Tone Sommerfelt. Dialektikeren fra Senja: Et intervju med Ottar Brox (Side 46-58) av Halvard Vike. ...
Norsk sosiologisk tidsskrift, 2021
Mens de straffe-og sikkerhetsrettslige aspektene ved terrorangrepet 22. juli 2011 har vaert grund... more Mens de straffe-og sikkerhetsrettslige aspektene ved terrorangrepet 22. juli 2011 har vaert grundig belyst i sakprosa og faglitteratur, har rettens mer generelle rolle i møte med 22. juli ikke blitt gjenstand for samme oppmerksomhet. Denne artikkelen skisserer en rettssosiologisk forskningsagenda ved å kartlegge de rettslige virkningene av 22. juli i lys av rettens møte med overlevende, minnearbeid og gjenoppbygging. Vi viser hvordan den norske staten og rettsapparatet i all hovedsak ser ut til å velge ordinaere virkemidler i respons til det ekstraordinaere 22. juli. Vi er interessert i hvordan retten fordeler ressurser og overprøver offentlige inngrep i sin reaksjon på 22. juli, og hvordan ulike aktører setter retten i spill i kampen om den autoritative fortellingen om 22. juli. På tross av at rettsliggjøring og rettslig mobilisering kan styrke rettigheter, viser våre foreløpige analyser at rettsliggjøringsprosesser også bidrar til å konsolidere sosiale og politiske konfliktlinjer, og kan vanskeliggjøre forsoningsprosesser i etterkant av 22. juli. Således er artikkelens formål å bidra til økt forståelse av rettens og rettssosiologiens rolle i møte med ekstraordinaere hendelser og av 22. juli som en rettslig begivenhet med konsekvenser for det norske samfunnet.
The Oxford Handbook of International Refugee Law, 2021
This chapter evaluates four selected issues arising from the digital transformation of refugee pr... more This chapter evaluates four selected issues arising from the digital transformation of refugee protection, in order to explore how this transformation shapes and challenges refugee law. It focuses on the following domains: UNHCR’s 2015 Data Protection Policy, a concept (legal identity), a platform (databases), and legal-bureaucratic processes (refugee status determination and resettlement procedures). Digital transformation generates new risks, in part because it is premised on a duty of refugee visibility. The chapter argues that international refugee law, conceptually and in practice, appears to be moving towards an idea of ‘algorithmic protection’. First, digitization and the integration of new technology create risks and harms that can compromise existing legal rights and procedural guarantees but also threaten the integrity of refugee protection in new ways. Secondly, algorithmic protection is a useful concept because the digital transformation of refugee protection means that ...
The International Encyclopedia of Anthropology, 2018
This chapter has a twofold starting point. First, there is a widespread concern that the protecti... more This chapter has a twofold starting point. First, there is a widespread concern that the protection of civilians (PoC) agenda is facing a crisis of unrealistic pretentions, as well as inadequate implementation. Second, that the uses of drones in the global battlespace, the humanitarian emergency zone and everyday risk society are often explicitly or implicitly motivated and legitimated by references to protection. In carving out an analytical context that allows us to present a more comprehensive account of this relationship, we ask whether drones are a poison pill or a cure-all for PoC.
Refugees' Roles in Resolving Displacement and Building Peace, 2019
Forced migration review, 2014
The continued evolution of the humanitarian innovation concept needs a critical engagement with h... more The continued evolution of the humanitarian innovation concept needs a critical engagement with how this agenda interacts with previous and contemporary attempts to improve humanitarian action.
Increasingly, global governance happens through a new humanitarianism that involves the strategic... more Increasingly, global governance happens through a new humanitarianism that involves the strategic legal alignment of vulnerable populations with categories of rights violations. Annually, UNHCR (the United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees) resettles thousands of refugees from wartorn, poverty-stricken countries in the Global South to wealthy countries in the North. The pursuit of resettlement occupies a dominant position in the encounter between UNHCR’s legal protection officers and refugee populations. While the UNHCR Resettlement Handbook and the legal officers postulate “the perfect victim” as the ideal resettlement candidate, resettlement requires substantial individual entrepreneurship. Based on my experience as a caseworker for UNHCR (2004), and data from fieldwork among urban refugees (2005) in Kampala, Uganda, this chapter traces the complex strategies through which refugees and humanitarians together translate experiences of physical and psychological injury into legal...
Hellums Metode (Festskrift), 2023
This chapter – which is a scoping exercise – addresses an emerging issue at the interface of gend... more This chapter – which is a scoping exercise – addresses an emerging issue at the interface of gender-based violence, economic oppression and the digital transformation of society: how does digitalization of bank ID and legal aid shape the legal and economic problems immigrant women face? International human rights norms around these issues are still just emerging. To contribute to the discussion, and to help clarify the norms around digital economic violence, we use the Norwegian context to identify a set of problem framings. We reflect on how the effects of the digital transformation tie in with traditional drivers and multipliers of inequality and exclusion in the context of legal aid to migrant women
Social Science Research Network, 2014
The growing literature on gender in armed conflict and the debates over post-conflict reparations... more The growing literature on gender in armed conflict and the debates over post-conflict reparations for women, focus on the prevalence and harms of sexual violence. While this focus has recently been critiqued, there are few articulations of other types of gendered injuries. This article decentres the emphasis on sexual violence by examining the intersection between forced displacement and political insecurity. Based on extensive field research in Colombia, and using as an example a case study of an internally displaced women's grassroots organization in Cartagena, Colombia, this article examines political insecurity as a specifically gendered harm. It reflects on the concrete circumstances of insecurity, on the relevance of traditional gender roles in the constitution of insecurity, and on the challenges for court-ordered remedies. This widening of the scope of attention also invites complex reflection on the possibility of transformative reparations in post-conflict situations.
Conjuntura Austral, 2016
Neste artigo, aborda-se o emprego de Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANTs), ou drones, para a aç... more Neste artigo, aborda-se o emprego de Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANTs), ou drones, para a ação humanitária. Através da análise do emprego e funções adquiridas por estas tecnologias no âmbito global, tenciona-se discutir e escrutinar criticamente as narrativas, cada vez mais frequentes, que associam drones como veículos para a ação humanitária e, desse modo, pretende-se contribuir e oferecer alguns insumos para este nascente e importante debate.
The chapter begins to carve out an account of the ‘public order drone’ with the aim of developing... more The chapter begins to carve out an account of the ‘public order drone’ with the aim of developing a critical narrative of the relationship between drone proliferation and public order. Particular attention is given to the types of ‘drone disorder’ that emerge out of the current explosion in popular recreational use of drones. At present, the central project of the drone industry is to gain access to civil airspace in the US and the EU. Industry groups are having considerable success in shaping the political and legislative debates about the integration of drones in civilian airspace, yet remain greatly frustrated by public and government resistance to such integration. Promoting ‘good uses’ for drones are central to the effort of increasing the legitimacy of drones and drone usage, in the eyes of a public skeptical of the drone war and concerned about the perceived threats to privacy resulting from domestic drone surveillance. What is here called ‘the public order drone’ (following Hayes, Jones and Töpfer 2014) has in recent years emerged as an important part of this project.
Internasjonal Politikk, Jun 18, 2014
Internasjonal Politikk, Jun 18, 2014
Kritisk juss, 2006
Debatten om å åpne for samkjønnede ekteskap har gått høyt det siste året. Formålet med denne arti... more Debatten om å åpne for samkjønnede ekteskap har gått høyt det siste året. Formålet med denne artikkelen er å gjennomføre en ryddeeksersis.Forfatterne ønsker å plassere argumenter og debatter i forhold til hverandre, for om mulig å forstå noe mer av hva slags debatt som egentlig føres. Artikkelen handler således mer om en «diskrimineringsdebatt» og bestrebelser på å få sine argument betraktet som rettslige, enn om diskriminering som rettslig begrep. Forfatterne argumenterer for at allmenn aksept for en slik endring ikke kan oppnås gjennom lovgivning alene, den må diskuteres frem. Slik dialog er et komplisert, men nødvendig prosjekt.
Norsk antropologisk tidsskrift, 2010
... av Kristin Bergtora Sandvik. Forbindelser gjennom bryst: Om melk, sosial tilknytning og passe... more ... av Kristin Bergtora Sandvik. Forbindelser gjennom bryst: Om melk, sosial tilknytning og passende -ekteskapspartnere blant wolof-talende folk i Vest-Afrika (Side 32-42) av Tone Sommerfelt. Dialektikeren fra Senja: Et intervju med Ottar Brox (Side 46-58) av Halvard Vike. ...
Norsk sosiologisk tidsskrift, 2021
Mens de straffe-og sikkerhetsrettslige aspektene ved terrorangrepet 22. juli 2011 har vaert grund... more Mens de straffe-og sikkerhetsrettslige aspektene ved terrorangrepet 22. juli 2011 har vaert grundig belyst i sakprosa og faglitteratur, har rettens mer generelle rolle i møte med 22. juli ikke blitt gjenstand for samme oppmerksomhet. Denne artikkelen skisserer en rettssosiologisk forskningsagenda ved å kartlegge de rettslige virkningene av 22. juli i lys av rettens møte med overlevende, minnearbeid og gjenoppbygging. Vi viser hvordan den norske staten og rettsapparatet i all hovedsak ser ut til å velge ordinaere virkemidler i respons til det ekstraordinaere 22. juli. Vi er interessert i hvordan retten fordeler ressurser og overprøver offentlige inngrep i sin reaksjon på 22. juli, og hvordan ulike aktører setter retten i spill i kampen om den autoritative fortellingen om 22. juli. På tross av at rettsliggjøring og rettslig mobilisering kan styrke rettigheter, viser våre foreløpige analyser at rettsliggjøringsprosesser også bidrar til å konsolidere sosiale og politiske konfliktlinjer, og kan vanskeliggjøre forsoningsprosesser i etterkant av 22. juli. Således er artikkelens formål å bidra til økt forståelse av rettens og rettssosiologiens rolle i møte med ekstraordinaere hendelser og av 22. juli som en rettslig begivenhet med konsekvenser for det norske samfunnet.
The Oxford Handbook of International Refugee Law, 2021
This chapter evaluates four selected issues arising from the digital transformation of refugee pr... more This chapter evaluates four selected issues arising from the digital transformation of refugee protection, in order to explore how this transformation shapes and challenges refugee law. It focuses on the following domains: UNHCR’s 2015 Data Protection Policy, a concept (legal identity), a platform (databases), and legal-bureaucratic processes (refugee status determination and resettlement procedures). Digital transformation generates new risks, in part because it is premised on a duty of refugee visibility. The chapter argues that international refugee law, conceptually and in practice, appears to be moving towards an idea of ‘algorithmic protection’. First, digitization and the integration of new technology create risks and harms that can compromise existing legal rights and procedural guarantees but also threaten the integrity of refugee protection in new ways. Secondly, algorithmic protection is a useful concept because the digital transformation of refugee protection means that ...
The International Encyclopedia of Anthropology, 2018
This chapter has a twofold starting point. First, there is a widespread concern that the protecti... more This chapter has a twofold starting point. First, there is a widespread concern that the protection of civilians (PoC) agenda is facing a crisis of unrealistic pretentions, as well as inadequate implementation. Second, that the uses of drones in the global battlespace, the humanitarian emergency zone and everyday risk society are often explicitly or implicitly motivated and legitimated by references to protection. In carving out an analytical context that allows us to present a more comprehensive account of this relationship, we ask whether drones are a poison pill or a cure-all for PoC.
Refugees' Roles in Resolving Displacement and Building Peace, 2019
Forced migration review, 2014
The continued evolution of the humanitarian innovation concept needs a critical engagement with h... more The continued evolution of the humanitarian innovation concept needs a critical engagement with how this agenda interacts with previous and contemporary attempts to improve humanitarian action.
Increasingly, global governance happens through a new humanitarianism that involves the strategic... more Increasingly, global governance happens through a new humanitarianism that involves the strategic legal alignment of vulnerable populations with categories of rights violations. Annually, UNHCR (the United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees) resettles thousands of refugees from wartorn, poverty-stricken countries in the Global South to wealthy countries in the North. The pursuit of resettlement occupies a dominant position in the encounter between UNHCR’s legal protection officers and refugee populations. While the UNHCR Resettlement Handbook and the legal officers postulate “the perfect victim” as the ideal resettlement candidate, resettlement requires substantial individual entrepreneurship. Based on my experience as a caseworker for UNHCR (2004), and data from fieldwork among urban refugees (2005) in Kampala, Uganda, this chapter traces the complex strategies through which refugees and humanitarians together translate experiences of physical and psychological injury into legal...
The War on Drugs in Latin America has encouraged a highly militarized yet unsuccessful approach t... more The War on Drugs in Latin America has encouraged a highly militarized yet unsuccessful approach to drug control, leading to violence, displacement and human suffering throughout the region. In response, humanitarian organizations have begun to frame the War on Drugs in the language of “humanitarian crises”. Moreover, they are increasingly labeling violence in Latin American cities as “complex urban emergencies” to facilitate new spaces of humanitarian entry. To contribute to critical conversations in the Latin American drug policy community in the run-up to the April 2016 UN General Assembly Special Session, we consider four policy implications of the strategic use of the humanitarian crisis label in the context of the War on Drugs: the abdication of state responsibility; the ‘invisibilization’ of policy alternatives; the impediment of discussions on regional drug policy; and the sidelining of civil society in favor of international humanitarian actors.
Theoretical Criminology, 2019