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Papers by Omar Giovanny Sanchez Rivera

Revista de la Construcción, 2020

Project delays adversely affect road infrastructure development in developing countries. Unfavora... more Project delays adversely affect road infrastructure development in developing countries. Unfavorable consequences of project delays involve cost overrun, contractual disputes, arbitration, and quality non-conformities. Despite these risks, literature shows that delays are still a prevalent problem in construction management. Although there is a considerable number of publications on project delays, few studies have compared their causes between developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to: a) classify and determine the level of influence of the delay causes; b) find the relationship between delay causes and country's development; and c) propose recommendations for mitigating the most critical causes in developing countries. A systematic literature review provided a sample of 14 primary studies from Africa (50%) and Asia (50%). Based on this sample, the study found that developing countries, with a GDP per capita ($US2018) <= $ 2,000, may experience different delay causes depending on the economic and the geographical contexts. In African countries with a Global Competitiveness Index-GCI <= 56, road projects may experience delays due to financial issues of the project owner, as well as delays due to equipment/material issues of the project supplier/subcontractor. On the other hand, in Asian countries with a GCI between 62 and 49, road projects may experience delays due to financial issues of the project contractor, and delays due to planning issues of the project designer/consultant. According to these economic contexts, this study proposes a frame of causes and mitigation actions as a contribution to the risk analysis of road projects in developing countries.

Applied sciences, 2020

Road infrastructure projects are essential for a country's economic and social development. Due t... more Road infrastructure projects are essential for a country's economic and social development. Due to the magnitude, the projects are associated with considerable economic investments that in the case of failure can seriously affect regions' economies. Despite the importance, roads from different countries are affected by cost overruns, hence, it is essential to identify and analyze the causative factors to focus the search for mitigation solutions. There are several studies focused on the cost factors identification, however, studies are lacking that synthesize and analyze the frequency and importance with which the factors have been reported to obtain a phenomenon overview. Therefore, this paper focuses on analyzing the frequency and importance with which cost overrun factors are reported in road projects. The research method consisted of a systematic review compound of five principal stages: (1) question formulation; (2) searching of relevant documents; (3) document selection; (4) evidence collection, analysis and synthesis; and (5) results' report. Thirty-eight cost overrun factors were identified and classified into 14 categories. According to the Influence Index, the five most important and frequent cost overrun factors were: (1) failures in design, (2) price variation of materials, (3) inadequate project planning, (4) project scope changes, and (5) design changes.

XI Simpósio Brasileiro de Gestão e Economia da Construção, 2019

Delay is a phenomenon that affects road infrastructure projects around the world with serious con... more Delay is a phenomenon that affects road infrastructure projects around the world with serious consequences. The study of methodologies that allow mitigate delay causes is a key issue. One option is Last Planner® System (LPS) that is a collaborative planning method that improves the fulfillment of construction activities in time. LPS has the characteristics for mitigate delay causes in early stages and avoid delays happening during the projects. This study analyzes delay causes mitigation through LPS implementation in road infrastructure projects. The research method consisted in: literature review of the main delay causes in road infrastructure projects, benefits identification of LPS implementation in 10 road projects and analysis of relations between delay causes and LPS benefits. The results indicate that many delay causes in road infrastructure projects have relation with: financial difficulties by owner, shortage of materials, inadequate contractor experience. On the other side, the implementation of LPS provides benefits in: time reduction, improvement in communication, early identification of problems and others. Relations between delay causes and benefits show that LPS is an efficient tool for mitigate delay causes in road infrastructure projects.

Revista Entramado, 2018

La planificación de recursos humanos de un proyecto de construcción es una actividad de gran impo... more La planificación de recursos humanos de un proyecto de construcción es una actividad de gran importancia para el desarrollo exitoso de este tipo de actividades. Resulta una labor compleja que requiere de herramientas y metodologías automatizadas que permiten la optimi-zación de variables relacionadas con tiempo y costos. Building Information Modeling (BIM) es una base de datos digital que proporciona una réplica virtual del proceso constructivo a partir de cinco variables: i) el tiempo; ii) el costo; y tres dimensiones: x, y, z; el modelo se conoce como BIM 5D. En este artículo se propone una metodología para la planificación de recursos humanos que tome como referencia la simulación del proceso constructivo BIM 5D. Se expone un conjunto de técnicas para la planificación del recurso humano en proyectos de construcción y se realiza la planificación de un caso de estudio a partir del enfoque BIM 5D. Con base en los resultados se formaliza un método para el diseño de la planificación del recurso humano. Comparado con otras metodologías, la propuesta presenta ventajas como la automatización del proceso y la posibilidad para la evaluación de distintas alternativas en tiempos reducidos.

Modelos BrIM 5D y Lean Construction para planificar actividades de obra en puentes de concreto re... more Modelos BrIM 5D y Lean Construction para planificar actividades de obra en puentes de concreto reforzado Modelos BrIM 5D e Lean Construction para planificar atividades de obra em pontes de concreto reforçado Abstract Integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Lean Construction (LC) can improve the reinforced concrete bridging planning process, due to the possibility of managing the project information with BIM to obtain accurate input data that benefit the application of LC principles. The application of BIM to bridges is called Bridge Information Modeling (BrIM). In this paper, we study the feasibility of jointly apply BrIM technology and LC philosophy, instead of the individual use of BrIM models for planning reinforced concrete bridges. We used an investigative approach based on a case study, divided into two stages: in the first, we planned the case study with BrIM 3D models; and in the second, with BrIM 5D models and LC. The integration of BrIM and LC improve the results of the project planning stage by early detecting problems and constraints; this detection has the visualization and information management advantages provided by BIM, which along with the application of LC principles improve project planning, and encourage waste reduction. Resumen La integración de Building Information Modeling (BIM) y Lean Construction (LC) puede mejorar el proceso de planificación de puentes de concreto reforzado; esto se fundamenta en la posibilidad de gestionar la informa-ción del proyecto con BIM para obtener datos de entrada precisos que benefician la aplicación de los principios LC. La aplicación de BIM en puentes se denomina Bridge Information Modeling (BrIM). En el presente trabajo

R e s u m e n En el presente artículo se estudia el impacto de la aplicación de la tecnología Bui... more R e s u m e n En el presente artículo se estudia el impacto de la aplicación de la tecnología Building Information Modeling (BIM), en la elaboración de presupuestos de construcción de estructuras en concreto reforzado, frente al método tradicional de cálculo que se fundamenta en dibujos en dos dimensiones (2D). El caso de estudio es la estructura de concreto reforzado de una estación de buses alimentadores del sistema de transporte público de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Se presenta la metodología para el desarrollo del modelo BIM y la integración de la información del presupuesto de construcción al modelo. Se efectúa una comparación del presupuesto de obra obtenido con el mé-todo tradicional, y el presupuesto obtenido con la utilización de BIM, a partir de la cual es posible verificar el aporte de la implementación de BIM al aumento de la precisión del presupuesto de construcción, soportado en la precisión que se logra en el cálculo de cantidades de obra, las facilidades del modelo BIM para, entre otros, la determinación de actividades de obra y la integración de la información del proyecto en una única base de datos. PalabRas c l av e

Construcción sin pérdidas, eficiencia en construcción, sistema último planificador, sistema de en... more Construcción sin pérdidas, eficiencia en construcción, sistema último planificador, sistema de entrega de proyectos "Lean".

Revista de la Construcción, 2020

Project delays adversely affect road infrastructure development in developing countries. Unfavora... more Project delays adversely affect road infrastructure development in developing countries. Unfavorable consequences of project delays involve cost overrun, contractual disputes, arbitration, and quality non-conformities. Despite these risks, literature shows that delays are still a prevalent problem in construction management. Although there is a considerable number of publications on project delays, few studies have compared their causes between developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to: a) classify and determine the level of influence of the delay causes; b) find the relationship between delay causes and country's development; and c) propose recommendations for mitigating the most critical causes in developing countries. A systematic literature review provided a sample of 14 primary studies from Africa (50%) and Asia (50%). Based on this sample, the study found that developing countries, with a GDP per capita ($US2018) <= $ 2,000, may experience different delay causes depending on the economic and the geographical contexts. In African countries with a Global Competitiveness Index-GCI <= 56, road projects may experience delays due to financial issues of the project owner, as well as delays due to equipment/material issues of the project supplier/subcontractor. On the other hand, in Asian countries with a GCI between 62 and 49, road projects may experience delays due to financial issues of the project contractor, and delays due to planning issues of the project designer/consultant. According to these economic contexts, this study proposes a frame of causes and mitigation actions as a contribution to the risk analysis of road projects in developing countries.

Applied sciences, 2020

Road infrastructure projects are essential for a country's economic and social development. Due t... more Road infrastructure projects are essential for a country's economic and social development. Due to the magnitude, the projects are associated with considerable economic investments that in the case of failure can seriously affect regions' economies. Despite the importance, roads from different countries are affected by cost overruns, hence, it is essential to identify and analyze the causative factors to focus the search for mitigation solutions. There are several studies focused on the cost factors identification, however, studies are lacking that synthesize and analyze the frequency and importance with which the factors have been reported to obtain a phenomenon overview. Therefore, this paper focuses on analyzing the frequency and importance with which cost overrun factors are reported in road projects. The research method consisted of a systematic review compound of five principal stages: (1) question formulation; (2) searching of relevant documents; (3) document selection; (4) evidence collection, analysis and synthesis; and (5) results' report. Thirty-eight cost overrun factors were identified and classified into 14 categories. According to the Influence Index, the five most important and frequent cost overrun factors were: (1) failures in design, (2) price variation of materials, (3) inadequate project planning, (4) project scope changes, and (5) design changes.

XI Simpósio Brasileiro de Gestão e Economia da Construção, 2019

Delay is a phenomenon that affects road infrastructure projects around the world with serious con... more Delay is a phenomenon that affects road infrastructure projects around the world with serious consequences. The study of methodologies that allow mitigate delay causes is a key issue. One option is Last Planner® System (LPS) that is a collaborative planning method that improves the fulfillment of construction activities in time. LPS has the characteristics for mitigate delay causes in early stages and avoid delays happening during the projects. This study analyzes delay causes mitigation through LPS implementation in road infrastructure projects. The research method consisted in: literature review of the main delay causes in road infrastructure projects, benefits identification of LPS implementation in 10 road projects and analysis of relations between delay causes and LPS benefits. The results indicate that many delay causes in road infrastructure projects have relation with: financial difficulties by owner, shortage of materials, inadequate contractor experience. On the other side, the implementation of LPS provides benefits in: time reduction, improvement in communication, early identification of problems and others. Relations between delay causes and benefits show that LPS is an efficient tool for mitigate delay causes in road infrastructure projects.

Revista Entramado, 2018

La planificación de recursos humanos de un proyecto de construcción es una actividad de gran impo... more La planificación de recursos humanos de un proyecto de construcción es una actividad de gran importancia para el desarrollo exitoso de este tipo de actividades. Resulta una labor compleja que requiere de herramientas y metodologías automatizadas que permiten la optimi-zación de variables relacionadas con tiempo y costos. Building Information Modeling (BIM) es una base de datos digital que proporciona una réplica virtual del proceso constructivo a partir de cinco variables: i) el tiempo; ii) el costo; y tres dimensiones: x, y, z; el modelo se conoce como BIM 5D. En este artículo se propone una metodología para la planificación de recursos humanos que tome como referencia la simulación del proceso constructivo BIM 5D. Se expone un conjunto de técnicas para la planificación del recurso humano en proyectos de construcción y se realiza la planificación de un caso de estudio a partir del enfoque BIM 5D. Con base en los resultados se formaliza un método para el diseño de la planificación del recurso humano. Comparado con otras metodologías, la propuesta presenta ventajas como la automatización del proceso y la posibilidad para la evaluación de distintas alternativas en tiempos reducidos.

Modelos BrIM 5D y Lean Construction para planificar actividades de obra en puentes de concreto re... more Modelos BrIM 5D y Lean Construction para planificar actividades de obra en puentes de concreto reforzado Modelos BrIM 5D e Lean Construction para planificar atividades de obra em pontes de concreto reforçado Abstract Integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Lean Construction (LC) can improve the reinforced concrete bridging planning process, due to the possibility of managing the project information with BIM to obtain accurate input data that benefit the application of LC principles. The application of BIM to bridges is called Bridge Information Modeling (BrIM). In this paper, we study the feasibility of jointly apply BrIM technology and LC philosophy, instead of the individual use of BrIM models for planning reinforced concrete bridges. We used an investigative approach based on a case study, divided into two stages: in the first, we planned the case study with BrIM 3D models; and in the second, with BrIM 5D models and LC. The integration of BrIM and LC improve the results of the project planning stage by early detecting problems and constraints; this detection has the visualization and information management advantages provided by BIM, which along with the application of LC principles improve project planning, and encourage waste reduction. Resumen La integración de Building Information Modeling (BIM) y Lean Construction (LC) puede mejorar el proceso de planificación de puentes de concreto reforzado; esto se fundamenta en la posibilidad de gestionar la informa-ción del proyecto con BIM para obtener datos de entrada precisos que benefician la aplicación de los principios LC. La aplicación de BIM en puentes se denomina Bridge Information Modeling (BrIM). En el presente trabajo

R e s u m e n En el presente artículo se estudia el impacto de la aplicación de la tecnología Bui... more R e s u m e n En el presente artículo se estudia el impacto de la aplicación de la tecnología Building Information Modeling (BIM), en la elaboración de presupuestos de construcción de estructuras en concreto reforzado, frente al método tradicional de cálculo que se fundamenta en dibujos en dos dimensiones (2D). El caso de estudio es la estructura de concreto reforzado de una estación de buses alimentadores del sistema de transporte público de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Se presenta la metodología para el desarrollo del modelo BIM y la integración de la información del presupuesto de construcción al modelo. Se efectúa una comparación del presupuesto de obra obtenido con el mé-todo tradicional, y el presupuesto obtenido con la utilización de BIM, a partir de la cual es posible verificar el aporte de la implementación de BIM al aumento de la precisión del presupuesto de construcción, soportado en la precisión que se logra en el cálculo de cantidades de obra, las facilidades del modelo BIM para, entre otros, la determinación de actividades de obra y la integración de la información del proyecto en una única base de datos. PalabRas c l av e

Construcción sin pérdidas, eficiencia en construcción, sistema último planificador, sistema de en... more Construcción sin pérdidas, eficiencia en construcción, sistema último planificador, sistema de entrega de proyectos "Lean".