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Papers by Zadariana Jamil

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF MATHEMATICS AND MATHEMATICS EDUCATION (I-CMME) 2021

Frequent water supply disruptions have been a nightmare to consumers especially in Malaysia. Thes... more Frequent water supply disruptions have been a nightmare to consumers especially in Malaysia. These recurring events occurred due to river contaminations at water intakes. The condition becomes worst during the spread of Covid-19 pandemic and the implementation of stay-at-home or lockdown order. The recent water supply disruptions badly affected about 1.2 million consumers in Klang Valley. Therefore, the water management system needs to be improved to prevent repetitive of massive water supply disruptions in the future. One of the approaches that can be implemented is by continuous monitoring of river water quality in real time basis, in order to assist the authority in monitoring river water quality, especially at the water intakes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop and validate a functional prototype to monitor real time surface water quality using IoT technology. This prototype potentially assists the authority to monitor the water quality, provide early pollution detection and warning, and plan mitigations of the river water pollution events.

Gading Journal of Science and Technology (e-ISSN: 2637-0018), Oct 5, 2020

International Journal of Energy Research, 2022

High‐temperature solid oxide fuel cells (HT‐SOFCs) generally operate at 800°C to 1000°C and inter... more High‐temperature solid oxide fuel cells (HT‐SOFCs) generally operate at 800°C to 1000°C and intermediate temperature SOFCs (IT‐SOFCs) at 600°C to 800°C. Reducing the SOFCs operational from high to ITs results in many issues mainly at the cathode site. One of the shortcomings that have been addressed is high polarization losses associated with oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and degradation of La1−xSrxCo1−yFeyO3−δ (LSCF) cathode materials. Strontium (Sr) has been discovered to segregate and inhibit the surface‐active site for the ORR under specified conditions (temperature, relative humidity, and suppressing activity). It enriched the surface, formed Sr‐rich secondary phases, and eventually changes the composition and the structure of the perovskite surfaces. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the occurrences of Sr segregation at the LSCF cathode surfaces as a function of operating conditions and their effects on the material performance. In addition, the characterization techniques utilized to investigate the Sr segregation, and strategies for Sr segregation mitigation are also discussed.

The palm oil mill industry generates massive wastes in solid and liquid forms such as Empty fruit... more The palm oil mill industry generates massive wastes in solid and liquid forms such as Empty fruit bunches (EFB) and palm oil mill effluent (POME). These two wastes are high in fibre and organic content that may affect the environment and health without proper management. Thus, the recovery of these valuable resources from wastes is vital in order to reduce pollutions generated from palm oil production. The empty fruit bunch ash (EFBA) was investigated to determine its potential as a natural coagulant for COD and TSS removal in palm oil mill effluent (POME). The effectiveness of EFBA was determined by varying the parameters such as coagulant dosage (0 – 22 g/l) and initial pH of POME (3 – 4). The maximum removal of COD and TSS were about 39.96% and 77.09% respectively at initial POME pH of 4 and EFBA dosage of 6 g/l, suggesting EFBA as a new alternative coagulant for treating palm oil mill effluent. Keyword: Empty fruit bunch, natural coagulant, Palm oil mill effluent Introduction Ma...

for their valuable discussion and assistance on the experimental works especially the analysis us... more for their valuable discussion and assistance on the experimental works especially the analysis using chemisorption method and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Dr. Kristina Kareh and Dr. Antonio Bertei for their guidance, discussion and assistance on the 3D imaging and analysis. Graham Stevenson for his kindness to help me with proof reading my thesis. My gratitude also goes to all the members of The Electrochemical Science and Engineering group for having made these four years enjoyable and for all the help and support they gave me. My dear friends,

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2016

A novel fabrication method using electroless and electrodeposited Ni/Ag/GDC for SOFC anodes is pr... more A novel fabrication method using electroless and electrodeposited Ni/Ag/GDC for SOFC anodes is presented. First a porous Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2Àx (GDC) scaffold was deposited on a YSZ electrolyte by screen printing and sintering. The scaffold was then metallized with silver using Tollens' reaction, followed by electrodeposition of nickel from a Watt's bath. The electrodes (Ni/Ag/GDC) were tested in both symmetrical and fuel cell configurations. The microstructures of the Ni/Ag/GDC anodes were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Nano-particles of Ni formed in the porous GDC scaffold provided triple phase boundaries (TPB). The electronic conductivity of the Ni/Ag/GDC (3.5/24.7/71.8 vol%) electrode was good even at relatively low Ni volume fractions. The electrochemical performance was examined in different concentrations of humidified hydrogen (3% H 2 O) and over a range of temperatures (600e750 C). The total area specific resistance (ASR) of the anode at 750 C in humidified 97 vol% H 2 was 1.12 U cm 2 , with low-frequency polarization (R_l) as the largest contributor. The electrodes were successfully integrated into a fuel cell and operated in both H 2 and syngas.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

2013 IEEE Business Engineering and Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC), 2013

The objective of this study was to find the optimum conditions for anaerobic co-digestion of food... more The objective of this study was to find the optimum conditions for anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and sewage sludge and hydrogen (H 2) production. The selected parameters for optimization of H 2 production (e.g. temperature, initial pH, inoculum size) were analysed using Response Surface Methodology with Full Factorial Design. Two types of substrates were tested; food waste as a sole substrate and food waste mixed with palm oil mill effluent (POME) at volume ratio1:1. The optimized conditions for food waste as a sole substrate were pH 4.5, temperature of 35°C and inoculum size of 20% (v/v), with maximum predicted cumulative hydrogen production (MPCHP) of 0.22 ml H 2 /ml substrate. On the other hand, for food waste mixed with POME, pH 4.5, temperature of 35°C and inoculum size of 20% were the optimum conditions with MPCHP of 0.26 ml H 2 /ml substrate. Subsequently, verification experiments at optimal parameter values yielded cumulative H 2 of 0.28 ml H 2 /ml substrate for food waste only, and 0.33 ml H 2 /ml substrate for food waste mixed with POME.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009

The development of e-assessment system of laboratory practical exam/test for Civil Engineering Di... more The development of e-assessment system of laboratory practical exam/test for Civil Engineering Diploma students is presented. The conventional laboratory practical exam requires lecturers to be on-site or in campus to make the assessment for their students. This new approach provides a broad access for a lecturer who is not able to attend the conventional laboratory exam at the laboratory and on the scheduled time. Furthermore, the e-PraTeSiM system also allows:(i) the enhancement of practical exam assessment standard due to the mechanism used in the system; and (ii) the improvement of digital student record. This system is simple, flexible and user friendly. The implementation of this system was done, firstly, by recording or lives streaming of the student who is doing the practical exam in the laboratory. Then, the student was asked with some questions provided in the system and his/her answer was recorded. The body gesture and voice level of the student were recorded in the syste...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021

Regular water quality monitoring of water bodies is essential to ensure it is within the allowing... more Regular water quality monitoring of water bodies is essential to ensure it is within the allowing standard limits. The development of a simple and low-cost water quality measurement device for real time monitoring using Internet of Things (IoT) technology is presented in this study. Kolora meter is an alternative to the existing commercial monitoring devices. It was developed using the open-source platform Arduino UNO model and NodeMCU board as the microcontroller and Wi-Fi connection respectively. Two sensors such as temperature and turbidity were selected to be installed in the early stage of Kolora meter development. The physical parameters (temperature and turbidity) of water were measured and the measured data collected are able to be viewed and monitored on the mobile phone using Kolora Mobile Application via Wi-Fi connection. Therefore, this surface water quality device has potential to be applied in real time monitoring for early pollution detection and during COVID-19 pande...

Environment and Ecology Research, 2022

The performance of two types of spent coffee ground (SCG), (i) untreated spent coffee ground (USC... more The performance of two types of spent coffee ground (SCG), (i) untreated spent coffee ground (USCG) and (ii) acid-treated spent coffee ground (TSCG) on the Cu (II) removal from aqueous solution was investigated and compared in this study. The effects of operating parameters such as pH, contact time and initial Cu (II) concentration on the adsorption rate were studied in batch adsorption mode. The USCG showed better results than the TSCG. The highest removal efficiency of Cu (II) (50 mg/L) by USCG was 91.03% with an adsorption capacity of 45.52 mg/g, which was achieved at pH 6 and 90 min of contact time. The TSCG showed lower performance with a removal efficiency of 44.18% and adsorption capacity of 37.06 mg/g. This may be due to the flushed off in the functional groups of SCG that used for metal binding in the adsorption during acid treatment and the existence of Clions on the TSCG surface, interfering the Cu (II) adsorption and reduces its adsorption capacity. Freundlich fitted well with the equilibrium data for copper (II) removal, as indicated by the R2 coefficient, for USCG and TSCG were 0.9912 and 0.9622, respectively. These data indicate that both USCG and TSCG have high sorption capacity and affinity for metal ions. The USCG showed a better Cu (II) removal than the TSCG, indicating a promising function as a low-cost natural adsorbent for Cu (II) and also other heavy metals removals.

ABSTRACT An indigenous purple non-sulfur bacteria Rhodopseudomonas palustris PBUM001 was used to ... more ABSTRACT An indigenous purple non-sulfur bacteria Rhodopseudomonas palustris PBUM001 was used to produce hydrogen gas via batch photofermentation of palm oil mill effluent (POME). The photofermentation hydrogen production was carried out in a 5-l reactor (B. Braun Biostat® B) with a working volume of 3.5 l (height: 39 cm and diameter: 16 cm) under anaerobic condition. The stirred tank reactor (STR) was conducted at temperature, 30 ± 2 °C; POME concentration, 100% (v/v); light intensity, 4.0 klux; pH 6, inoculum size, 10% (v/v); agitation rate, 250 rpm, and operated for 66 h. Two sets of experiments were run in STR (R1 and R2) and the data obtained were used for kinetic study of photofermentation hydrogen production. Unstructured models were used to describe the bacterial growth, substrate consumption, and hydrogen gas production by R. palustris PBUM001. The discrepancy between the proposed model and the experimental data in simulating hydrogen production from POME by R. palustris PBUM001 was measured by using residual sum of squares (RSS). Logistic model could be adopted to describe the kinetics of bacterial growth (RSS: 0.3039–0.2313) and the proposed model for substrate consumption agreed well with the experimental data obtained in this study as shown by its RSS value of 19.1319 and 26.8259 for R1 and R2, respectively. A modified Leudeking-Piret model was applied for the data fitting to determine the relationship between the cell growth and photofermentation hydrogen production (RSS: 1.3267–26.3741).

Journal of The Electrochemical Society

Nickel was electrodeposited on porous Ag/GDC (silver/Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2-x) scaffolds and dense Ag/... more Nickel was electrodeposited on porous Ag/GDC (silver/Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2-x) scaffolds and dense Ag/GDC composites for the fabrication of SOFC electrodes and catalytic membranes respectively. To control the distribution and amount of nickel deposition on the Ag/GDC surfaces; first, a systematic cyclic voltammetry study of nickel electrodeposition from a Watts bath on silver foils was carried out to understand the influence of operating conditions on the electrodeposition process. From the cyclic voltammetry study, it can be concluded that suitable operating conditions for nickel electrodeposition into porous Ag/GDC scaffolds and catalytic membranes are: 1.1 M Ni 2+ concentration in Watts bath; deposition potential between −0.65 to −1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl; a temperature at 55 • C; sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the surfactant; pH 4.0 ± 0.2 and an agitation rate of 500 rpm. It was observed that the nickel surface microstructure changed with the deposition current densities due to the co-evolution of H 2. Pulse and continuous electrodeposition modes allow nickel to be deposited throughout porous Ag/GDC scaffolds and onto catalytic membranes. The pulse electrodeposition mode is favored as this is shown to result in an even Ni distribution within the porous scaffolds at minimum H 2 pitting.