Philippe Sarrazin | Joseph Fourier University (original) (raw)

Papers by Philippe Sarrazin

Educational Psychology, 1996

This study assessed the influence of individual and contextual factors on adolescent girls’ inter... more This study assessed the influence of individual and contextual factors on adolescent girls’ interest in school physical education (PE). Specifically, girls (N = 700) were assessed on: (a), perceptions of their PE class climate, using the Perceived Motivational Climate Scale (PMCS, Cury et al., 1994; (b) dispositional achievement goal orientations, using the French version of the Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ, Durand et alM in press; and (c) the interest and competence subscales from the French version of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI, Cury et al., 1994a). Structural equation modelling analysis, using LISREL VII, showed an excellent fit with the hypothesised model. Specifically, situational class climate was found to be more important than individual goals in influencing pupil interest in PE. However, perceived competence also influenced interest, as did a mastery goal orientation. Results are discussed in the context of theoretical propositions of goal perspectives theory and practical issues of enhancing adolescent girls’ interest in physical education.

Psychology & Health, 2015

T his a r ticl e w a s d o w nlo a d e d b y : [ U niv e rsit é d e G e n è v e ] O n : 1 0 D e c... more T his a r ticl e w a s d o w nlo a d e d b y : [ U niv e rsit é d e G e n è v e ] O n : 1 0 D e c e m b e r 2 0 1 4 , A t : 2 3 : 1 5 Pu blis h e r : Ro u tl e d g e I n for m a Lt d Re gist e r e d in E n gl a n d a n d W a l e s Re gist e r e d N u m b e r : 1 0 7 2 9 5 4 Re gist e r e d offic e : Mor ti m e r H o u s e , 3 7 -4 1 Mor ti m e r S t r e e t , Lo n d o n W 1 T 3JH , U K

Science & Motricité, 2006

Science & Motricité, 2009

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2007

Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 2002

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 2015

Objective: The present study tested whether taking into account both the reflective and the impul... more Objective: The present study tested whether taking into account both the reflective and the impulsive processes of physical activity (PA) is helpful in understanding how and for whom PA-promoting messages will be (in)effective in changing behavior. Method: Participants (N = 101) were presented with a persuasive message promoting either PA (experimental condition) or healthy eating (control condition). Reflective intentions to be physically active were assessed both at baseline and after exposure to the message. Impulsive approach tendencies towards PA (IAPA) and sedentary behaviors (IASB) were assessed using a manikin task. The main outcome variable was accelerometer-assessed free time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over one-week after exposure to the message was assessed using accelerometer. Results: Although the PA-promoting message had no direct effect on MVPA, the results showed that (1) this message increased intentions to practice PA notably among participants with low or moderate (but not high) baseline intentions, (2) objective MVPA was positively predicted by post-message PA intentions and IAPA, and negatively predicted by IASB, (3) post-message PA intentions predicted MVPA for individuals with low or moderate (but not high) IASB. A follow-up moderated mediation analysis corroborated these earlier results, showing that PA-promoting messages positively predicted MVPA through post-message intentions only among individuals with low or moderate baseline intentions and low or moderate IASB. Conclusions: By identifying two boundary conditions, this study revealed important insights to explain when PA-promoting messages will be effective to predict objective MVPA and when they will not.

PloS one, 2014

Understanding the determinants of non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is crucial, given it... more Understanding the determinants of non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is crucial, given its extensive health benefits. Some scholars have assumed that a proneness to react differently to environmental cues promoting sedentary versus active behaviors could be responsible for inter-individual differences in NEAT. In line with this reflection and grounded on the Reflective-Impulsive Model, we test the assumption that impulsive processes related to sedentary and physical activity behaviors can prospectively predict NEAT, operationalized as spontaneous effort exerted to maintain low intensity muscle contractions within the release phases of an intermittent maximal isometric contraction task. Participants (n591) completed a questionnaire assessing their intentions to adopt physical activity behaviors and a manikin task to assess impulsive approach tendencies towards physical activity behaviors (IAPA) and sedentary behaviors (IASB). Participants were then instructed to perform a maximal handgrip strength task and an intermittent maximal isometric contraction task. As hypothesized, multilevel regression analyses revealed that spontaneous effort was (a) positively predicted by IAPA, (b) negatively predicted by IASB, and (c) was not predicted by physical activity intentions, after controlling for some confounding variables such as age, sex, usual PA level and average force provided during the maximal-contraction phases of the task. These effects remained constant throughout all the phases of the task. This study demonstrated that impulsive processes may play a unique role in predicting spontaneous physical activity behaviors. Theoretically, this finding reinforces the utility of a motivational approach based on dual-process models to explain inter-OPEN ACCESS

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2007

Objectives: Mallett, Kawabata, Newcombe, questioned the validity of some of the items from the SM... more Objectives: Mallett, Kawabata, Newcombe, questioned the validity of some of the items from the SMS, the construct validity of the three types of intrinsic motivation measured by the SMS, and they proposed an integrated regulation subscale to measure the most self-determined form of extrinsic motivation proposed by SDT. In this article, we focus on the following two questions: ''Does the SMS need to be revised?'', and ''Is the Revised 6-factor SMS a better scale?''. Conclusion: Our review leads us to the following main conclusions: (a) the SMS has generally demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability in many previous studies, supporting its use; (b) the proposed revised version may also be problematic due to item selection, factor structure, and validity issues as well as problems with the integration scale. r

Revue française de pédagogie, 2013

Dans le cadre de cette étude, nous proposons un modèle sociocognitif des apprentissages scolaires... more Dans le cadre de cette étude, nous proposons un modèle sociocognitif des apprentissages scolaires, basé sur la théorie de l'autodétermination et la théorie sociocognitive de Bandura (1986), qui intègre le style motivationnel de l'enseignant, la perception que les élèves en ont, trois variables motivationnelles (la motivation autodéterminée, l'amotivation et les croyances d'auto-efficacité) et le niveau scolaire des élèves évalué par des tests standardisés d'acquisitions. Les données ont été recueillies en 2003 à l'occasion de l'Évaluation-bilan-école conduite par la Direction de l'évaluation, de la prospective et de la performance du ministère de l'Éducation nationale. L'échantillon est constitué de 4402 élèves de CM2 et de leurs 326 enseignants. Des modèles multiniveaux conduits de manière séquentielle fournissent des résultats qui sont cohérents avec nos hypothèses théoriques. Dans ce qu'ils ont d'essentiel, les résultats montrent que le style motivationnel autorapporté par les enseignants est relié aux acquisitions scolaires des élèves et que cette relation transite par la perception que les élèves ont du style motivationnel autorapporté par leur enseignant, qui est reliée aux variables motivationnelles des élèves, elles-mêmes corrélées au niveau scolaire des élèves.

Revue française de pédagogie, 2006

Psychology of Women Quarterly, 2006

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2014

1

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2013

 This article reviews studies on stereotypes and gender roles in sport and exercise  Past studi... more  This article reviews studies on stereotypes and gender roles in sport and exercise  Past studies are mostly based on the models of and  We argue that other models of stereotypes would be relevant in sport  Two perspectives are proposed: the situational and stereotype content approaches M Abstract The role of sex stereotypes and gender roles in the sex differences observed in sport and exercise has been extensively investigated in sport psychology, past studies showing that stereotypes are internalized into the self during the socialization process. Although this research has provided clear evidence of the psychosocial roots of sex differences in athletics, focusing exclusively on an internalization explanation may not allow a complete understanding of the influence of stereotypes in this domain. This article presents two approaches that have been developed in mainstream psychology and discusses their relevance in sport psychology: (1) the situational approach, which considers that the mere presence of stereotypes in the environment is sufficient to affect individuals (e.g., stereotype threat theory); (2) the content of stereotypes approach (e.g., stereotype content model), which suggests that stereotypes about a particular group may be ambivalent, and that this ambivalence may serve to legitimize the status quo.

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2005

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009

Objective: This study investigated girls' endorsement of the stereotype that girls are not good s... more Objective: This study investigated girls' endorsement of the stereotype that girls are not good soccer performers through three questions: (1) did stereotype endorsement predict soccer performance? (2) Was this relationship mediated by perceived ability? (3) Was stereotype endorsement related to gender role orientation?

Psychology & Health, 2011

Past studies have found that risk perceptions of suffering from diseases play an important role i... more Past studies have found that risk perceptions of suffering from diseases play an important role in the development of intentions to perform physical activity (PA). According to the behaviour motivation hypothesis, perceived risk could be positively and directly related to PA, but this possibility has been ignored and/or underestimated. Accounting for recent methodological developments on the importance of study design and risk perception assessment, the purpose of the present study was to examine the risk-perceptions-PA relationship among older adults. Participants (N=143) aged from 61 to 70 years initially underwent measurement of risk perceptions, baseline PA, socio-demographic and health factors. Six months later, they were asked about their PA participation. Multiple regression analyses revealed that perceived risk of suffering from diseases and conditions without regular PA participation was an independent positive predictor of later PA, over and beyond baseline behaviour, socio-demographic and health variables. This study fills a gap in the existing literature on the PAs of older adults and reveals that risk perceptions are directly linked to their participation. In addition, it extends existing knowledge in health psychology on the behaviour motivation hypothesis, and emphasises the necessity of methodological adjustments when assessing the risk-perception-behaviour relationship.

Personality and Individual Differences, 2005

Educational Psychology, 1996

This study assessed the influence of individual and contextual factors on adolescent girls’ inter... more This study assessed the influence of individual and contextual factors on adolescent girls’ interest in school physical education (PE). Specifically, girls (N = 700) were assessed on: (a), perceptions of their PE class climate, using the Perceived Motivational Climate Scale (PMCS, Cury et al., 1994; (b) dispositional achievement goal orientations, using the French version of the Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ, Durand et alM in press; and (c) the interest and competence subscales from the French version of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI, Cury et al., 1994a). Structural equation modelling analysis, using LISREL VII, showed an excellent fit with the hypothesised model. Specifically, situational class climate was found to be more important than individual goals in influencing pupil interest in PE. However, perceived competence also influenced interest, as did a mastery goal orientation. Results are discussed in the context of theoretical propositions of goal perspectives theory and practical issues of enhancing adolescent girls’ interest in physical education.

Psychology & Health, 2015

T his a r ticl e w a s d o w nlo a d e d b y : [ U niv e rsit é d e G e n è v e ] O n : 1 0 D e c... more T his a r ticl e w a s d o w nlo a d e d b y : [ U niv e rsit é d e G e n è v e ] O n : 1 0 D e c e m b e r 2 0 1 4 , A t : 2 3 : 1 5 Pu blis h e r : Ro u tl e d g e I n for m a Lt d Re gist e r e d in E n gl a n d a n d W a l e s Re gist e r e d N u m b e r : 1 0 7 2 9 5 4 Re gist e r e d offic e : Mor ti m e r H o u s e , 3 7 -4 1 Mor ti m e r S t r e e t , Lo n d o n W 1 T 3JH , U K

Science & Motricité, 2006

Science & Motricité, 2009

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2007

Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 2002

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 2015

Objective: The present study tested whether taking into account both the reflective and the impul... more Objective: The present study tested whether taking into account both the reflective and the impulsive processes of physical activity (PA) is helpful in understanding how and for whom PA-promoting messages will be (in)effective in changing behavior. Method: Participants (N = 101) were presented with a persuasive message promoting either PA (experimental condition) or healthy eating (control condition). Reflective intentions to be physically active were assessed both at baseline and after exposure to the message. Impulsive approach tendencies towards PA (IAPA) and sedentary behaviors (IASB) were assessed using a manikin task. The main outcome variable was accelerometer-assessed free time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over one-week after exposure to the message was assessed using accelerometer. Results: Although the PA-promoting message had no direct effect on MVPA, the results showed that (1) this message increased intentions to practice PA notably among participants with low or moderate (but not high) baseline intentions, (2) objective MVPA was positively predicted by post-message PA intentions and IAPA, and negatively predicted by IASB, (3) post-message PA intentions predicted MVPA for individuals with low or moderate (but not high) IASB. A follow-up moderated mediation analysis corroborated these earlier results, showing that PA-promoting messages positively predicted MVPA through post-message intentions only among individuals with low or moderate baseline intentions and low or moderate IASB. Conclusions: By identifying two boundary conditions, this study revealed important insights to explain when PA-promoting messages will be effective to predict objective MVPA and when they will not.

PloS one, 2014

Understanding the determinants of non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is crucial, given it... more Understanding the determinants of non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is crucial, given its extensive health benefits. Some scholars have assumed that a proneness to react differently to environmental cues promoting sedentary versus active behaviors could be responsible for inter-individual differences in NEAT. In line with this reflection and grounded on the Reflective-Impulsive Model, we test the assumption that impulsive processes related to sedentary and physical activity behaviors can prospectively predict NEAT, operationalized as spontaneous effort exerted to maintain low intensity muscle contractions within the release phases of an intermittent maximal isometric contraction task. Participants (n591) completed a questionnaire assessing their intentions to adopt physical activity behaviors and a manikin task to assess impulsive approach tendencies towards physical activity behaviors (IAPA) and sedentary behaviors (IASB). Participants were then instructed to perform a maximal handgrip strength task and an intermittent maximal isometric contraction task. As hypothesized, multilevel regression analyses revealed that spontaneous effort was (a) positively predicted by IAPA, (b) negatively predicted by IASB, and (c) was not predicted by physical activity intentions, after controlling for some confounding variables such as age, sex, usual PA level and average force provided during the maximal-contraction phases of the task. These effects remained constant throughout all the phases of the task. This study demonstrated that impulsive processes may play a unique role in predicting spontaneous physical activity behaviors. Theoretically, this finding reinforces the utility of a motivational approach based on dual-process models to explain inter-OPEN ACCESS

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2007

Objectives: Mallett, Kawabata, Newcombe, questioned the validity of some of the items from the SM... more Objectives: Mallett, Kawabata, Newcombe, questioned the validity of some of the items from the SMS, the construct validity of the three types of intrinsic motivation measured by the SMS, and they proposed an integrated regulation subscale to measure the most self-determined form of extrinsic motivation proposed by SDT. In this article, we focus on the following two questions: ''Does the SMS need to be revised?'', and ''Is the Revised 6-factor SMS a better scale?''. Conclusion: Our review leads us to the following main conclusions: (a) the SMS has generally demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability in many previous studies, supporting its use; (b) the proposed revised version may also be problematic due to item selection, factor structure, and validity issues as well as problems with the integration scale. r

Revue française de pédagogie, 2013

Dans le cadre de cette étude, nous proposons un modèle sociocognitif des apprentissages scolaires... more Dans le cadre de cette étude, nous proposons un modèle sociocognitif des apprentissages scolaires, basé sur la théorie de l'autodétermination et la théorie sociocognitive de Bandura (1986), qui intègre le style motivationnel de l'enseignant, la perception que les élèves en ont, trois variables motivationnelles (la motivation autodéterminée, l'amotivation et les croyances d'auto-efficacité) et le niveau scolaire des élèves évalué par des tests standardisés d'acquisitions. Les données ont été recueillies en 2003 à l'occasion de l'Évaluation-bilan-école conduite par la Direction de l'évaluation, de la prospective et de la performance du ministère de l'Éducation nationale. L'échantillon est constitué de 4402 élèves de CM2 et de leurs 326 enseignants. Des modèles multiniveaux conduits de manière séquentielle fournissent des résultats qui sont cohérents avec nos hypothèses théoriques. Dans ce qu'ils ont d'essentiel, les résultats montrent que le style motivationnel autorapporté par les enseignants est relié aux acquisitions scolaires des élèves et que cette relation transite par la perception que les élèves ont du style motivationnel autorapporté par leur enseignant, qui est reliée aux variables motivationnelles des élèves, elles-mêmes corrélées au niveau scolaire des élèves.

Revue française de pédagogie, 2006

Psychology of Women Quarterly, 2006

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2014

1

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2013

 This article reviews studies on stereotypes and gender roles in sport and exercise  Past studi... more  This article reviews studies on stereotypes and gender roles in sport and exercise  Past studies are mostly based on the models of and  We argue that other models of stereotypes would be relevant in sport  Two perspectives are proposed: the situational and stereotype content approaches M Abstract The role of sex stereotypes and gender roles in the sex differences observed in sport and exercise has been extensively investigated in sport psychology, past studies showing that stereotypes are internalized into the self during the socialization process. Although this research has provided clear evidence of the psychosocial roots of sex differences in athletics, focusing exclusively on an internalization explanation may not allow a complete understanding of the influence of stereotypes in this domain. This article presents two approaches that have been developed in mainstream psychology and discusses their relevance in sport psychology: (1) the situational approach, which considers that the mere presence of stereotypes in the environment is sufficient to affect individuals (e.g., stereotype threat theory); (2) the content of stereotypes approach (e.g., stereotype content model), which suggests that stereotypes about a particular group may be ambivalent, and that this ambivalence may serve to legitimize the status quo.

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2005

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009

Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009

Objective: This study investigated girls' endorsement of the stereotype that girls are not good s... more Objective: This study investigated girls' endorsement of the stereotype that girls are not good soccer performers through three questions: (1) did stereotype endorsement predict soccer performance? (2) Was this relationship mediated by perceived ability? (3) Was stereotype endorsement related to gender role orientation?

Psychology & Health, 2011

Past studies have found that risk perceptions of suffering from diseases play an important role i... more Past studies have found that risk perceptions of suffering from diseases play an important role in the development of intentions to perform physical activity (PA). According to the behaviour motivation hypothesis, perceived risk could be positively and directly related to PA, but this possibility has been ignored and/or underestimated. Accounting for recent methodological developments on the importance of study design and risk perception assessment, the purpose of the present study was to examine the risk-perceptions-PA relationship among older adults. Participants (N=143) aged from 61 to 70 years initially underwent measurement of risk perceptions, baseline PA, socio-demographic and health factors. Six months later, they were asked about their PA participation. Multiple regression analyses revealed that perceived risk of suffering from diseases and conditions without regular PA participation was an independent positive predictor of later PA, over and beyond baseline behaviour, socio-demographic and health variables. This study fills a gap in the existing literature on the PAs of older adults and reveals that risk perceptions are directly linked to their participation. In addition, it extends existing knowledge in health psychology on the behaviour motivation hypothesis, and emphasises the necessity of methodological adjustments when assessing the risk-perception-behaviour relationship.

Personality and Individual Differences, 2005