Stoe Smiljkov | Ss. Cyril and Methodius University (UKIM) (Univerzitet "Sv. Kiril i Metodij" - Skopje) (original) (raw)

Papers by Stoe Smiljkov

Biocenotic research on the benthic fauna from the northwestern part of Lake Ohrid, has shown that... more Biocenotic research on the benthic fauna from the northwestern part of Lake Ohrid, has shown that different habitats characterize different qualitative compositions of the benthic fauna. The affinity of the macrozoobenthic communities to populate different habitats was investigated in 5 different localities from the northwestern part of Lake Ohrid. Among the five different types of habitats such as stony bottom, sandy bottom, sandymuddy bottom and muddy bottom mostly covered with mollusc shells, it was found that from the qualitative point of view, the sandy-muddy bottom covered with vascular macrophytes is characterized with highest biodiversity of benthic fauna. In all localities, with the exclusion of the locality As (where the macrophytic vegetation is not well developed), the maximum number of species was recorded between depth points from 3 to 11m. In the Rado`da locality, the maximum number of species (11 species) was recorded at a depth point of 6m., on a bottom covered with sandy mud. In the Livadishte locality, the highest biodiversity (13 species) was recorded at a depth points of 5 and 11m., on bottom covered with sandy mud with well developed macrophytic vegetation. The localities Kali{ta and Struga, the maximum number of species (14 in Kali{ta and 11 in Struga) was also recorded in the same type of habitat, a sandy-muddy bottom with well developed macrophytic vegetation.

Prilozi / Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite, Oddelenie za biološki i medicinski nauki = Contributions / Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Section of Biological and Medical Sciences, 2007

The class of Gastropoda is one of the Lake Ohrid' macrozoobenthic groups, which characterize ... more The class of Gastropoda is one of the Lake Ohrid' macrozoobenthic groups, which characterize highest level of endemism. Since the first published references until now, studying the Lake Ohrid's snail fauna represents huge scientific challenge for many malacologists from the world. The high percent of endemic as well as relic forms among the lake's gastropods could be explained by the processes of intralacustric speciation during the history and evolution of this aquatic ecosystem. These processes no doubt have been enabled by the complexity and stability of the Lake's basin. This work represents the results of the dominant species, from both qualitative and quantitative sense of the gastropod fauna from 19 investigated littoral localities of Lake Ohrid. The results from the investigations on gastropod fauna has shown that following species: Chilopyrgula sturanyi, Radix relicta and Valvata stenotrema quailtatively predominates in the samples from the littoral region o...

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 2010

There is much information about odonates in lakes in the whole Europe. The lack of data about thi... more There is much information about odonates in lakes in the whole Europe. The lack of data about this group of invertebrates in the Lake Ohrid-the UNESCO natural and cultural heritage is unusual. The aim of our paper is to cover that field. Material included 17 species and 476 specimens of only adult Odonata, which was collected in June 2009 year on 21 stations of the Lake Ohrid. Such number of species is not very high and appears in low differential of phyto-littoral of the lake. The most numerous species is Enallagma cyathigerum, which is widespread and associated with nymphaeid and elodeid plant species. Such big number of individuals the species is supported by a large belt of elodeids (Potamegeton perfoliatus) occurring in the Lake Ohrid. Four odonates belong to South-European species; the other ones are widespread European species. Probably the reason is position of the Lake Ohrid in the mountains, which made climate more moderate.

Archives of Biological Sciences, 2009

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the quality of water of the Mantovo Reservoir (Southeast Mace... more The aim of the paper is to evaluate the quality of water of the Mantovo Reservoir (Southeast Macedonia)based on physico-chemical parameters and the macrozoobenthos. Monthly sampling was performed during 2003 and 2004. Temperature and DO depth profile data indicate that the Mantovo Reservoir is a dimictic lake. Based on mean nutrient concentrations, the Mantovo Reservoir can be considered as being phosphorus-deficient. During the summer stratification, very high concentrations of Mn (2,819 ?g/l)and Cu (147.6?g/l)were detected in the lower profundal. Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri was the dominant species, which indicates the presence of organic pollution. Dominance of Chaoborus crystallinus and decline in abundance of L. hoffmeisteri in the lower profundal indicate a deterioration of environmental status in the deepest part of the lake.

Hydrobiology

Large freshwater mussels (Unionida) are long-lived, have large bodies, and produce thousands to m... more Large freshwater mussels (Unionida) are long-lived, have large bodies, and produce thousands to millions of larvae (glochidia) that usually must attach to host fish tissue to complete their life cycle. This is an obligate parasitic stage of mussel larvae. However, less than one in onemillion find a suitable host and survive. The degree of host specificity varies among unionid species, from specialists that can successfully parasitize only one or a few closely related fish species to generalists that can complete development on a taxonomically broad range of fish species. In addition, freshwater mussels are among the most threatened groups of animals. This is due to habitat destruction, the introduction of non-native species, and the loss of host fish on which their larvae (glochidia) are obligate parasites. Glochidiosis harms fish by affecting their growth; on the other hand, freshwater mussels play an important role in freshwaters by improving water quality and ridding the water of...

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017

The Republic of Macedonia is a country on the Balkan Peninsula without any history of forensic en... more The Republic of Macedonia is a country on the Balkan Peninsula without any history of forensic entomology use even when insects are the only available indicators of time since death. Here, we report forensic entomology cases in which the necrophagous blow fly Chrysomia albiceps was used for the first time to estimate the time between death and the discovery of the corpse or the postmortem interval (PMI). This is the first record of this species in Macedonia.

Current Trends in Natural Sciences, 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of parasites of the class Cestoda in farm... more The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of parasites of the class Cestoda in farmed common carp from the cyprinid aquaculture facilities in Macedonia. The representatives of the class Cestoda occur most often during the winter (in 3.47% of examined fish), followed by spring (1.80%) and autumn (1.73%). They haven`t been identified during the summer. 20 fish out of 958 totally examined were infected with cestodes, with a mean intensity of 6.40, and a prevalence of 1.76%. In this study, the following parasite species were established: Caryophyllaeus fimbriceps, Bothriocephalus opsariichthydis and Ligula intestinalis (plerocercoid). Based on the total number of fish examined from cyprinid aquaculture facilities in Macedonia, the highest prevalence from the class Cestoda is determined by Bothriocephalus opsariichthydis (1.04%), followed by Caryophyllaeus fimbriceps and Ligula intestinalis with 0.55% each. The highest mean intensity with parasites of the class Cestoda is d...

Annals of parasitology, 2015

Total, 94 specimens of gudgeon (Gobio ohridanus Karaman, 1924) from the Macedonian part of the La... more Total, 94 specimens of gudgeon (Gobio ohridanus Karaman, 1924) from the Macedonian part of the Lake Ohrid were examined and 61 fishes (64.89%) were infected with parasites. The presence of 4 parasite species was established: Dactylogyrus cryptomeres f. typica (Monogenea), Cystidicoloides tenuissima and Philometra ovata (Nematoda), and Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala). The highest prevalence and intensity of infection was with Dactylogyrus cryptomeres f. typica (59.57%; mean intensity 6.07). The lowest one was with Cystidicoloides tenuissima and Philometra ovata (2.13%; 1.0). Dactylogyrus cryptomeres f. typica is recorded for the first time in the ichthyoparasitofauna of Lake Ohrid and Macedonia. KEY WORDS: parasite fauna, gudgeon, Lake Ohrid, Macedonia.

SGEM2011 11th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference, 2011

13th SGEM GeoConference on WATER RESOURCES. FOREST, MARINE AND OCEAN ECOSYSTEMS, 2013

Archives of Pharmacal Research, 2013

For cancer therapy, microspheres can be used to increase effectiveness while decreasing side effe... more For cancer therapy, microspheres can be used to increase effectiveness while decreasing side effects of treatments. We prepared gelatin microspheres containing carboplatin (GCPtM) for treating lung cancer. We prepared gelatin microspheres of carboplatin (GCPtM) for use in treating lung cancer. Microspheres were prepared using a Buchi B-90 nano spray-drier. Surface morphology was found to be shriveled to nearly spherical, with an average size of 14.7 μm. Drug loading and percentage yield were found to be 72 ± 0.4 and 88 ± 0.2 %, respectively. In vitro release studies indicated that diffusion followed the Peppas model, with 99.3 % of total carboplatin released from GCPtM after 12 h, while for the pure drug this value was 92.4 % in 0.5 h. Liquification was observed during stability studies at 37 °C with an relative humidity of 75 %. Plasma concentration profile was described using a two-compartment model after intravenous injection of GCPtM. Carboplatin containing microspheres distributed in the lung, spleen, liver, and blood were found to be primarily distributed in the lungs. We used a powder technology (spray-dryer) method in this study to significantly reduce the overall production time and desired particle size, without using organic solvents; additionally, this method is economically feasible. Thus, microsphere may be an effective method for successfully delivering carboplatin to the lungs.

&lt;p&gt;Two moderate earthquakes with magnitude ML5.0 happened on 11th of Novemb... more &lt;p&gt;Two moderate earthquakes with magnitude ML5.0 happened on 11th of November 2020 near the Mavrovo lake in northwestern Macedonia. The lake is an artificial lake with a dam built between 1947 and filled by 1953. Its maximum length is 10km, width is 5km and the depth is 50m. Given its water volume, it is possible that geological factors causing earthquakes could also affect the hydrobiological characteristics of the flow system surrounding the lake.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A list of 180 earthquakes registered by the local stations with magnitudes equal or greater than ML1.7 was analysed in terms of temporal and spatial distribution around the lake. No specific clustering of events was noticed in the foreshock period from July 2020. In the aftershock period, the most numerous events lasted about a month after the main events. However, there was another period of increased seismicity during March 2021, followed by gradual decrease onwards. The distribution of epicentres was mainly along the terrain of Radika river and a few smaller tributaries to the lake system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A comparative analysis was done with the dataset collected by the program run at the department of Biology at the Faculty of Natural Sciences, University UKIM in Skopje. Environmental investigations in Europe have shown stress reactions of hydrobionts in respect to water temperature and heavy metal pollution, for example the influence of radioactive radiation. Earthquake-induced seismic changes most often affect the chemical-physical properties of water quality and temperature stratification, i.e., mixing of water masses. In our research, we analyse for the first time the relationship between the seismological activities in the Jul 2020-Nov 2021 period in details and a possible impact to environment thru the population of macrozoobenthos from Mavrovo Lake.&lt;/p&gt;

In the present study, we analysed spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the limnological characte... more In the present study, we analysed spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the limnological characteristics to provide more detailed information about the processes taking place within Mantovo Reservoir (Republic of Macedonia). The relationship between principal macroinvertebrate species and environmental variables was analysed in order to explore factors that dominantly affect community distribution pattern. Unlike the most reservoirs, strong longitudinal gradient for suspended organic matter and nutrients (total phosphorous, nitrates and nitrites) along the reservoir doesn't exist. However, the process of thermal stratification has a strong influence on the metabolism and structure of the Mantovo ecosystem, which can be demonstrated by the vertical and longitudinal distribution of dissolved oxygen (DO), CO2, pH and metals concentrations. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) indicated that the main factors controlling spatial distribution of Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Chironomus plumosus group were temperature, dissolved oxygen and manganese, including sulphates for C. plumous group. Chaoborus crystallinus showed opposite distribution pattern. Cladotanytarsus mancus group was strongly associated with shallower part (littoral and sublittoral) of Mantovo Reservoir characterized by favourable oxygen condition. None of the environmental variables included in CCA showed any relationship with density of Procladius sp.