Giok Hun Pue | National University of Malaysia (original) (raw)

Papers by Giok Hun Pue

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Jul 10, 2021

Geografia: Malaysian journal of society and space, Aug 27, 2021

Dewan Budaya, 2022

Bahasa Melayu merupakan bahasa kebangsaan Malaysia dan digunakan sebagai bahasa rasmi dan tidak r... more Bahasa Melayu merupakan bahasa kebangsaan Malaysia dan digunakan sebagai bahasa rasmi dan tidak rasmi dalam komunikasi oleh pelbagai masyarakat di negara ini setiap hari. Namun begitu, kefasihan bertutur bahasa Melayu masih cenderung dikaitkan dengan penutur natif bahasa tersebut iaitu etnik Melayu. Etnik minoriti seperti Cina dan India pula tidak dilihat sebagai penutur natif, dan umum berpandangan bahasa Melayu tidak dianggap sebagai sebahagian daripada jati diri mereka. Hanya sekumpulan kecil dalam etnik minoriti ini yang berjaya memecahkan stereotaip ini dan menjadikan bahasa Melayu sebagai sebahagian daripada jati diri mereka, iaitu masyarakat Peranakan.

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Abstract. The issue of 'social organization of difference'in a society has been an inte... more Abstract. The issue of 'social organization of difference'in a society has been an integral part of human life as social being. One way to address the issue is by organizing social differences according to ethnicity. When interplay of majority and minority ethnic groups ...

Asian Social Science, 2013

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 2021

Malaysia adalah negara yang dibina berasaskan integrasi. Usaha untuk memupuk dan mengukuhkan hubu... more Malaysia adalah negara yang dibina berasaskan integrasi. Usaha untuk memupuk dan mengukuhkan hubungan antara etnik ke arah perpaduan yang diidamkan sentiasa ditekankan dalam agenda pembangunan negara bangsa Malaysia. Untuk itu, program Rukun Tetangga telah dilancarkan pada tahun 1975 sebagai satu usaha kerajaan untuk memupuk perpaduan di peringkat akar umbi masyarakat. Setelah lebih empat dekad dibentuk, sejauh mana terbinanya kesepaduan nasional dalam kalangan penduduk Kawasan Rukun Tetangga (KRT) di seluruh negara? Satu kajian kuantitatif yang diadaptasikan daripada model Indeks Perpaduan Nasional (IPNas) 2018 telah dijalankan ke atas 585 orang penduduk KRT di seluruh negara melalui kaedah purposive sampling. Ujian ANOVA sehala digunakan untuk menentukan perbezaan di antara etnik bagi konstruk kesepaduan sosial dan etos bangsa yang berhubungan dalam membentuk kesepaduan nasional. Ujian regresi linear mudah diaplikasikan untuk menentukan hubungan di antara etos bangsa dan kesepadua...

Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 2021

Kajian Malaysia, 2017

In 2005, National Heritage Act was enacted by the Government of Malaysia as an effort to protect ... more In 2005, National Heritage Act was enacted by the Government of Malaysia as an effort to protect and preserve tangible and intangible cultural heritage in the country. Despite its significance and well intentions, the Act remains weak and limited in terms of its definition, scope, implementation and awareness. This, in particular, becomes problematic when it comes to intangible cultural heritage (ICH) as it is living and continuously evolving. The increasingly rapid globalisation at the end of the 20th century causes more communities to become susceptible to frequent changes. In addition, Malaysian studies itself is still in the early phase of forming and building the breadth and depth of local knowledge of the country and its society. One particular aspect of concern is knowledge about minority ethnic groups with the potentials to be considered as regional heritage such as the various Peranakan communities in Malaysia. Hence, it is a race against time to have the communities' rich and invaluable culture documented for future preservation and conservation. Against this background, the present article explores theses as a potential viable source of knowledge on a minority ethnic community in Malaysia with a focus on Peranakan Chinese in Kelantan. Selected available theses pertaining to social aspects of the community that were written at bachelor degree levels at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) and Universiti Malaya (UM) from 1970s to 2010s are analysed using content analysis technique. Findings of the study suggests that theses can potentially serve as custodians to the untapped "treasure trove" of Malaysian heritage by preserving arcane information of the community at the grass-root level. Several theses written even go beyond "potentials" after they were

GEMA Online® Journal of Language Studies, 2019

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 2021

Keunikan warisan kebudayaan tidak ketara masyarakat multietnik di Malaysia kian terancam oleh mod... more Keunikan warisan kebudayaan tidak ketara masyarakat multietnik di Malaysia kian terancam oleh modenisasi dan globalisasi yang berlaku dengan lebih pesat berbanding dengan usaha-usaha yang dijalankan untuk melestari dan memperkasakan warisan kebudayaan itu sendiri. Hal ini lebih ketara bila melibatkan komuniti etnik minoriti yang kurang dikenali umum seperti komuniti Cina Peranakan Kelantan. Justeru itu, makalah ini cuba untuk mengupas dan meneliti satu upacara tradisi Cina Peranakan Kelantan yang semakin dilupakan iaitu upacara Koi Hoi. Perbincangan makalah ini adalah kepada sejarah asal-usul, kepercayaan dan amalan upacara tersebut berdasarkan kajian lapangan yang dilakukan di Kampung Pasir Parit di Jajahan Pasir Mas pada tahun 2019. Kajian mendapati upacara Koi Hoi adalah satu upacara tradisi Tao yang diwarisi secara turun-temurun daripada leluhur yang tiba di Tanah Melayu 300 tahun yang lalu. Ia bertitik-tolak daripada sistem kepercayaan tradisi Cina yang berkaitan dengan kewujud...

Kajian Malaysia

Geografia, 2021

Isu menguruskan perbedaan sosial mengikut garis etnik masih kekal menjadi satu isu yang sensitif ... more Isu menguruskan perbedaan sosial mengikut garis etnik masih kekal menjadi satu isu yang sensitif dan kritikal dalam masyarakat multietnik di Malaysia hari ini walaupun setelah tercapainya kemerdekaan lebih daripada enam dekad yang lalu. Signifikasi faktor etnik dalam kehidupan seharian menyebabkan kerajaan giat melakukan usaha-usaha proaktif untuk memupuk perpaduan yang dikatakan masih belum tercapai. Melalui penubuhan dan pelaksanaan program Rukun Tetangga, para sarjana umumnya bersetuju bahawa program tersebut memberi kesan positif ke atas pemupukan perpaduan di peringkat akar-umbi masyarakat. Namun, adakah konsensus ini turut relevan di peringkat kebangsaan? Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengupas pengukuran tahap kesepaduan sosial penduduk Kawasan Rukun Tetangga (KRT) dari setiap negeri dan Wilayah Persekutuan dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan statistik inferensi ke atas data kuantitatif yang dikumpul menggunakan borang soal-selidik. Responden kajian adalah seramai 585 orang penduduk yang menetap di 60 buah KRT dari seluruh negara. Pendekatan purposive sampling digunakan untuk memastikan komposisi etnik responden kajian ini adalah selaras dengan komposisi etnik populasi Malaysia. Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan tahap kesepaduan sosial yang dicapai adalah tinggi di mana penduduk daripada pelbagai latar belakang etnik dan agama telahpun berkongsi nilai hidup dan pandangan hidup yang sama. Pengukuran kesepaduan sosial daripada enam dimensi iaitu kekitaan, keterangkuman, penyertaan, pengiktirafan, legitimasi dan kesamarataan mendapati walaupun mereka mempunyai bentuk perhubungan yang merentasi batas etnik, signifikasi faktor etnik belum terhapus sepenuhnya dalam masyarakat Malaysia. Oleh itu, walaupun kesepaduan sosial dalam masyarakat adalah kuat biarpun dalam keadaan politik dan sosioekonomi masa kini yang tidak stabil, usaha proaktif untuk memperkukuhkan perpaduan masih diperlukan.

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021

[BAHASA MALAYSIA] Keunikan warisan kebudayaan tidak ketara masyarakat multietnik di Malaysia kian... more [BAHASA MALAYSIA] Keunikan warisan kebudayaan tidak ketara masyarakat multietnik di Malaysia kian terancam oleh modenisasi dan globalisasi yang berlaku dengan lebih pesat berbanding dengan usaha-usaha yang dijalankan untuk melestari dan memperkasakan warisan kebudayaan itu sendiri. Hal ini lebih ketara bila melibatkan komuniti etnik minoriti yang kurang dikenali umum seperti komuniti Cina Peranakan Kelantan. Justeru itu, makalah ini cuba untuk mengupas dan meneliti satu upacara tradisi Cina Peranakan Kelantan yang semakin dilupakan iaitu upacara Koi Hoi. Perbincangan makalah ini adalah kepada sejarah asal-usul, kepercayaan dan amalan upacara tersebut berdasarkan kajian lapangan yang dilakukan di Kampung Pasir Parit di Jajahan Pasir Mas pada tahun 2019. Kajian mendapati upacara Koi Hoi adalah satu upacara tradisi Tao yang diwarisi secara turun-temurun daripada leluhur yang tiba di Tanah Melayu 300 tahun yang lalu. Ia bertitik-tolak daripada sistem kepercayaan tradisi Cina yang berkaitan dengan kewujudan dan pengaruh kuasa supernatural dalam kehidupan seharian seperti dewa-dewi dan keramat. Upacara Koi Hoi dijalankan sebagai satu usaha beramai-ramai oleh penduduk kampung untuk memohon kepada dewa penjaga kampung perlindungan daripada musibah duniawi mahupun gangguan kuasa ghaib, selain mendapatkan keberkatan demi kesejahteraan seluruh warga kampung. Daripada segi penganjurannya, persiapan dan proses kerja upacara Koi Hoi menerapkan juga elemen-elemen budaya tempatan dan melibatkan partisipasi warga kampung daripada latar etnik berlainan. Justeru itu, melihat kepada kerelevanannya dalam konteks pemupukan perpaduan dalam hubungan antara etnik di Malaysia, maka seharusnya warisan upacara Koi Hoi ini dipelihara dan diiktiraf dengan sewajarnya sebagai warisan kebangsaan di bawah Akta Warisan Kebangsaan 2005.

[ENGLISH] The uniqueness of the intangible cultural heritage of Malaysia’s multiethnic community is now threatened by modernisation and globalisation, which is occurring at a much faster rate compared to the efforts carried out to preserve and strengthen the cultural heritage itself. This matter is even more evident when it involves a lesser-known minority ethnic group, namely the Peranakan Chinese community of Kelantan. Therefore, this article seeks to uncover and examine the Koi Hoi ceremony, a traditional Kelantan Peranakan Chinese ceremony that is on the verge of being forgotten. The article discusses the historical origins, the belief and practices of the Koi Hoi ceremony, based on a field work conducted in Kampung Pasir Parit in Pasir Mas district in 2019. The study found that the Koi Hoi ceremony is a traditional Tao ceremony that has been inherited through the generations from ancestors who arrived in the Malay Peninsula about 300 years ago. It derives from a traditional Chinese belief system that revolves around the existence and influence of supernatural powers such as deities and sacred spirits in daily life. The Koi Hoi ceremony is performed as a collective effort by the villagers to seek protection from the patron deities from worldly and other-worldly troubles, in addition to praying for blessings and prosperity for the entire village. Through its preparation and performance, the Koi Hoi ceremony instills elements of local culture and participation of villagers from various ethnic backgrounds. Therefore, looking at its relevance in the context of fostering unity in intercultural relations among ethnic groups in Malaysia, the Koi Hoi ceremony is a heritage that must be preserved and recognised accordingly as a national heritage under the National Heritage Act 2005.

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 2021

Malaysia is constructed based on integration. The efforts to foster and strengthen inter-ethnic r... more Malaysia is constructed based on integration. The efforts to foster and strengthen inter-ethnic relations towards unity are always emphasized in the nation-building development agenda in Malaysia. To this end, the Rukun Tetangga programme was launched in 1975 as a government effort to foster unity at the grassroots level of society. More than four decades after its inception, how developed is the national cohesion among the residents of Rukun Tetangga (KRT) areas nationwide? A quantitative study that was adapted from the National Unity Index (IPNas) 2018 model, was conducted on 585 KRT residents in Malaysia selected via purposive sampling method. One -way ANOVA tests were used to determine inter-ethnic differences for constructs of social cohesion and national ethos related in forming national cohesion. Simple linear regression is applied to determine the relationship between national ethos and social cohesion. The findings of the study indicate that there are differences between ethnics in several dimensions of social cohesion and national ethos. Meanwhile, the national ethos and social cohesion have a significant relationship in forming national unity among the KRT population. It can be concluded that both aspects of social cohesion and the national ethos need to be included in the government’s every move to foster unity at the grassroots level, including via the KRT program which celebrates ethnic diversity in Malaysian society.

Kajian Malaysia, 2021

In 2017, the Terengganu Chinese Peranakan Association (TCPA) withdrew its participation in the 4t... more In 2017, the Terengganu Chinese Peranakan Association (TCPA) withdrew its participation in the 4th Annual Terengganu Peranakan Festival (TPF) organised by the Terengganu Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry (TCCCI) because of a dispute over the combined term “Mek Awang”. To TCPA members, ‘Mek Awang’ is a derogatory term, which the Malays used to refer to someone as being “soft”, effeminate, or a cross-dresser. However, TCCCI has appropriated the term Mek Awang and used it as a brand name to promote the Festival, and to highlight the “uniqueness” of the Terengganu Chinese Peranakan community. This case is an example of how local cultural terms or practices have been readapted to suit tourism interests. Tourism is often accused of reinventing culture for capital ventures. Consequently, many academics and social critics have come to regard official national heritage sites and heritage tourism with scepticism and disdain. Combining ethnographic data from our in-depth interviews with the Terengganu Peranakan Chinese and our participant observation during the Festival, we argue that the dispute over “Mek Awang” is not only a simple change in reference, but is also an indication of a deeper contemporary global process that affects ethnic minorities and their identities. We conclude that various attempts to commodify the peranakan experiences and culture in Terengganu as well as the intention to place the peranakan as a marketable heritage in Chinatown can be interpreted as attempts to replace a heterogeneous community with a homogeneous, uniform, genetic, and identifiable ethnic category with a Peranakan (with capital “P”) identity.

Jurnal Warisan Tidak Ketara, 2020

Filial piety adalah konsep yang mendasari hubungan kekerabatan dalam institusi kekeluargaan, dan ... more Filial piety adalah konsep yang mendasari hubungan kekerabatan dalam institusi kekeluargaan, dan sekaligus satu nilai yang penting dalam kehidupan orang Cina. Pegangan kepada nilai ini tidak tamat di penghujung hayat seseorang individu. Sebaliknya, ia dimanifestasikan melalui ritus-ritus dalam upacara pengebumian dan ulang tahun kematian ahli keluarga. Artikel ini cuba mengupas manifestasi filial piety dalam upacara kematian mengikut amalan adat resam komuniti Cina Peranakan di Kelantan. Walaupun merupakan satu komuniti etnik Cina di Malaysia yang banyak dipengaruhi oleh budaya etnik tempatan, pegangan kepada nilai filial piety didapati tetap dipertahankan terutamanya dalam peristiwa-peristiwa yang signifikan dalam kitaran hidup seperti kematian demi kelangsungan kesejahteraan bersama.

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Jul 10, 2021

Geografia: Malaysian journal of society and space, Aug 27, 2021

Dewan Budaya, 2022

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Asian Social Science, 2013

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 2021

Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 2021

Kajian Malaysia, 2017

GEMA Online® Journal of Language Studies, 2019

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 2021

Kajian Malaysia

Geografia, 2021

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 2021

Kajian Malaysia, 2021

Jurnal Warisan Tidak Ketara, 2020

This article discusses the significance of etymology and its role in the construction of social c... more This article discusses the significance of etymology and
its role in the construction of social concepts pertaining
to amalgam, namely an ethnic group whose formation
stemmed from amalgamation as part of assimilation
process which occurs continuously in interethnic
relations between the majority ethnic group and the
minority. It is an ethnic group that is often overlooked
in the discourse of ethnicity as a way to organise social
difference in a society into different ethnic categories.
The perception that such a group has no place in
mainstream society is reflected by the way labels that
are created and used on the group tend to be negative
and pejorative. As a result, this contributes to ethnic
contestation in the society. However, this is not the
case in the Malay Archipelago where culturally
localised, local-born of non-indigenous descent,
particularly offspring from mix-marriage with native
women, are referred to as „Peranakan‟. Derived from
the root word „anak‟ (meaning child), Peranakan may
be seen as one of rare social concepts that refers to
amalgam in a neutral, if not positive way where the
majority accepts the minority as one of their own while
simultaneously acknowledging the latter‟s ethnic
differences. As such, Peranakan may be adopted into
societies from non-Malay world as a more suitable
social concept to explain amalgamation harmoniously
as a way to promote social cohesion in a society.

Cina Peranakan Kelantan Menerusi Lensa Sosiologi (Kelantan Peranakan Chinese through Sociological Lens), 2018

Ras dan etnisiti masih menjadi satu isu yang amat sensitif dalam dunia hari ini, termasuk di Mala... more Ras dan etnisiti masih menjadi satu isu yang amat sensitif dalam dunia hari ini, termasuk di Malaysia. Walau bagaimanapun keadaan ini tidak menghalang kumpulan-kumpulan etnik untuk berinteraksi dan seterusnya berasimilasi antara satu sama lain. Proses asimilasi yang dimangkinkan dengan amalgamasi (perkahwinan campur) seterusnya membawa kepada kemunculan kumpulan etnik minoriti lagi marginal yang mempunyai identiti etnik dan kebudayaan yang memperlihatkan kesinambungan dan pengaruh daripada kumpulan-kumpulan induk tadi. Kumpulan etnik minoriti sebegini dirujuk dengan pelbagai label, termasuklah Peranakan. Namun, sejauh mana Peranakan wujud sebagai satu fenomena sosial, yakni realiti sosial yang empirikal? Tumpuan utama buku ini adalah terhadap kewujudan fenomena Peranakan dalam konteks lapisan-lapisan generasi yang berbeza dalam sebuah komuniti Peranakan iaitu Cina Peranakan Kelantan. Walaupun Cina Peranakan Kelantan merupakan salah satu subkumpulan etnik Cina di negara ini, masih tidak ramai yang menyedari kewujudan dan keunikan komuniti ini. Penulisan dalam media massa dan akademik tentang Cina Peranakan di Malaysia lebih tertumpu kepada komuniti-komuniti Cina Peranakan di pantai barat semenanjung terutamanya komuniti Baba dan Nyonya di Melaka. Walhal, komuniti Cina Peranakan turut terdapat di pantai timur Semenanjung Malaysia khususnya di Kelantan. Malah, ‘kePeranakanan’ Cina Peranakan Kelantan adalah berbeza daripada Cina Peranakan dari tempat-tempat lain di Malaysia. Identiti etnik dan kebudayaan Cina Peranakan Kelantan mirip dengan masyarakat setempat hasil daripada proses asimilasi yang lama dan rapat dengan bukan satu, tetapi dua kumpulan etnik tempatan iaitu Melayu dan Siam Kelantan. Menggunakan Wakaf Bharu sebagai latar kajian kes, buku ini membincangkan kedinamikan dan trajektori identiti etnik dan budaya Cina Peranakan Kelantan mengikut amalan generasi lama dan muda dalam kehidupan seharian.

Sustaining and Developing Southeast Asia in the IR 4.0 era: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Southeast Asia (ICONSEA2019), 2019

With a population size of 55,500 in the year 2016, the Chinese community is the largest ethnic mi... more With a population size of 55,500 in the year 2016, the Chinese community is the largest ethnic minority group in Kelantan, yet it makes up only about 3.09 percent of the population with the Malays as the majority ethnic group. Living in a society whose social environment is predominantly influenced by conservative Malay-Muslim hegemony in almost every aspect, religion has become a prominent marker of ethnic boundaries in Kelantan society. However, in comparison to the general overview of Malay-Chinese interethnic relations in Malaysia that is depicted as constantly conflicted and contested, the interethnic relation between both Kelantanese Malay and Chinese is relatively more peaceful and harmonious. Both ethnic groups are seen as on good terms with each other despite their religious differences; particularly in the context of interethnic relations between the Malay and Peranakan Chinese community, a Chinese subethnic group whose members are local-born Chinese and practice highly localized Chinese culture. By focusing on the Himpunan Sin Beng Kelantan (HSBK2019), a religious event in Taoism that was recently held for the first time ever in the state as a case study, this paper seeks to explore and examine how the Kelantan Peranakan Chinese community as a minority ethnic group, has been successful in maintaining and negotiating ethnic boundaries in the society peacefully through their religious activities.

7th University of Malaya International Conference on Discourse and Society (UMDS 2019), 2019

While primarily serves as a conveyor of meanings, language is also symbolic that it functions as ... more While primarily serves as a conveyor of meanings, language is also symbolic that it functions as an important ethnic identity marker and boundary that demarcate ‘us’ from ‘others’. Nevertheless, in multi-ethnic society like Malaysia, language in the context of intraethnic communication remains understudied and little discussed in comparison to interethnic communication. Such scenario suggests that language-wise, each ethnic category in Malaysia appears to be homogenous with little or no similarities with the others. Against this background, this paper seeks to highlight and examine intraethnic communication with focus on Peranakan Chinese community in Kampung Cina, Terengganu. Despite Kampung Cina being the centre of Peranakan-related tourist attractions in the state of late, general consensus suggests that the Terengganu Peranakan Chinese community reside only in rural areas such as in Kampung Tirok and Kampung Banggol Kemang. Instead, Kampung Cina residents are believed to be composed of various groups of mainstream or non-Peranakan Chinese which equivalent of what Winzeler terms as the ‘urban Chinese’ in Kelantan context. By using qualitative data collected from a series of fieldwork conducted as part of a two-year research in Terengganu, this paper argues that Terengganu Peranakan Chinese community does not only exist in Kampung Cina, but also remains distinct from other Chinese sub-ethnic groups in the area to this day. Through a discourse approach, this paper demonstrated how Kampung Cina’s Terengganu Peranakan Chinese identity and boundary are constructed and maintained, particularly through their localized language and communication.