mazrura SAHANI | National University of Malaysia (original) (raw)
Papers by mazrura SAHANI
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
This study aims to determine the association and risk of daily fluctuations of air pollution para... more This study aims to determine the association and risk of daily fluctuations of air pollution parameters in Klang Valley, Malaysia, with cardiovascular and respiratory admissions. The data on admissions and air pollution concentrations were obtained from various government agencies in Malaysia. The associations were estimated using a time series analysis of Poisson regression. The effects for every 10μ/m3 increase in pollutants were reported as Relative Risk (RR). SO2 showed the highest association with immediate effects at lag 0 for all cardiovascular admissions followed by NO2. Gaseous pollutants of SO2 and NO2 showed a higher risk among elderly more than 60 years old. Immediate effects were found in both genders, with higher risks observed in males. NO2 continues to be suggestively associated with all respiratory admissions. Children less than 9 years old presented a higher risk of NO2 at various lag times with the highest value at lag0, followed by PM10. Stratified analysis showe...
ISEE Conference Abstracts
Perubahan iklim memberi impak kepada kehidupan dan mengancam kesihatan manusia. Antara faktornya ... more Perubahan iklim memberi impak kepada kehidupan dan mengancam kesihatan manusia. Antara faktornya ialah peningkatan penduduk, suhu dunia seperti pemanasan global serta darjah pergantungan ke atas bahan pembakar fossil yang semakin meningkat. Pemindahan gas rumah hijau ke atmosfera mengakibatkan gangguan ke atas lapisan ozon stratosfera dan meningkatkan radiasi ultraungu ke permukaan bumi. Perubahan persekitaran suhu dan kerpasan serta peningkatan aras laut mempunyai impak negatif ke atas kesihatan manusia. Kebanyakan kajian mengenai perubahan iklim dan kesihatan awam daripada perspektif sains dan bukannya sains sosial. Keakhiran kesihatan yang spesifik akibat perubahan iklim dikategori oleh Pertubuhan Kesihatan Dunia (WHO) seperti kesan langsung haba dan gelombang panas, pencemaran udara, bencana (banjir dan angin ribut), penyakit bawaan vektor, diarea bawaan air dan bawaan makanan, penipisan ozon stratosphera dan keselamatan makanan. Semua perubahan ini mengakibatkan berlakunya peni...
Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, 2020
The new emergence and re-emergence of arbovirus infections transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes have b... more The new emergence and re-emergence of arbovirus infections transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes have been spreading across Southeast Asia, Central Africa, United States, tropical Oceania and has become a major of public health concern. These arbovirus diseases were found to have a similar vector, symptoms, and environments. The situation is complex due to no specific vaccine or treatments being available for the diseases. Therefore, vector control is currently the best defense against arbovirus diseases, but with its own challenges such as the difficulty in controlling scattered breeding sites and biological behavior. Herein, we present a literature review of studies on current techniques proposed to combat dengue transmission that can fill a crucial gap in vector control programs, which is the inability of conventional control methods to eliminate and destroy cryptic breeding sites. In particular, we focused on the concept of autodissemination, which is a self-delivery technique by mani...
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2020
The first wave of COVID-19 epidemic began in late January in Malaysia and ended with a very small... more The first wave of COVID-19 epidemic began in late January in Malaysia and ended with a very small size. The second wave of infections broke out in late February and grew rapidly in the first 3 weeks. Authorities in the country responded quickly with a series of control strategies collectively known as the Movement Control Order (MCO) with different levels of intensity matching the progression of the epidemic. We examined the characteristics of the second wave and discussed the key control strategies implemented in the country. In the second wave, the epidemic doubled in size every 3.8 days (95% confidence interval: 3.3, 4.5) in the first month and decayed slowly after that with a halving time of approximately 3 weeks. The time-varying reproduction number R t peaked at 3.1 (95% credible interval: 2.7, 3.5) in the 3rd week, declined sharply thereafter and stayed below 1 in the last 3 weeks of April, indicating low transmissibility approximately 3 weeks after the MCO. The experience of Malaysia suggests that adaptive triggering of distancing policies combined with a population-wide movement control measure can be effective in suppressing transmission and preventing a rebound.
Geospatial Health, 2021
In recent decades, dengue outbreaks have become increasingly common around the developing countri... more In recent decades, dengue outbreaks have become increasingly common around the developing countries, including Malaysia. Thus, it is essential for rural as well as urbanised livelihood to understand the distribution pattern of this infection. The objective of this study is to determine the trend of dengue cases reported from the year 2014 to 2018 and the spatial pattern for this spread. Spatial statistical analyses conducted found that the distribution pattern and spatial mean centre for dengue cases were clustered in the eastern part of the Bangi region. Directional distribution observed that the elongated polygon of dengue cluster stretched from the Northeast to the Southwest of Bangi District. The standard distance observed for dengue cases was smallest in the year 2014 (0.017 m), and largest in 2016 (0.019 m), whereas in the year 2015, 2017 and 2018, it measured 0.018 m. The average nearest neighbour analysis also displayed clustered patterns for dengue cases in the Bangi Distri...
Sains Malaysiana, 2021
Aedes mosquitoes were found to lay their eggs in the cryptic breeding sites. Eliminating cryptic ... more Aedes mosquitoes were found to lay their eggs in the cryptic breeding sites. Eliminating cryptic and open breeding sites is essential in reducing dengue virus transmission. However, it is often challenging for health officers to assess these breeding sites which are usually missed during larval surveillance. The autodissemination approach may produce a better outcome by manipulating female mosquitoes to disperse insecticide to other Aedes spp. mosquito habitats. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the pyriproxyfen autodissemination technique using Mosquito Home System against the population of mosquitoes. This study was conducted in Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. The Mosquito Home System was deployed to control Aedes spp. populations at treatment sites using before-after-control-impact (BACI) design. The presence of pyriproxyfen distribution was confirmed using the WHO larval bioassay which resulted in 10-35% larvae mortalities. Autodissemination of...
![Research paper thumbnail of Erratum to “Characteristics of COVID-19 epidemic and control measures to curb transmission in Malaysia” [Int J Infect Dis 101 (December) (2020) 409–411]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91060211/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2021
The publisher regrets the following errors in the final published paper: 1 Highlights 2 and 3 are... more The publisher regrets the following errors in the final published paper: 1 Highlights 2 and 3 are incorrect. The correct highlights are as follows: Instantaneous reproduction number Rt peaked at 3.1 and case fatality rate is 1.4. Movement control measures began 3 days after peaked Rt and implemented in stages. 2 Supplemental file was incorrect. Correct version has now been replaced online.
Study on the population of airborne bacteria and antibiotic resistance from a hospital environment, 2021
This study aims to identify the population of the airborne bacteria in a hospital and its antibio... more This study aims to identify the population of the airborne bacteria in a hospital and its antibiotic resistant. The airborne bacteria were collected using SKC Biostage Single Stage at three locations in a tertiary hospital in Kuala Lumpur. Temperature, relative humidity and air velocity of the sampling locations were determined using TSI VelociCalc. The screening of antibiotic resistance was conducted using disk diffusion of Kirby-Bauer method. The results show Micrococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, α and ȣ-Streptococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Clostridium spp. are the group of bacteria found at the sampling locations. The antibiotic resistance screening shows a wide percentage of resistance among the identified bacteria, with ampicillin as the highest percentage for the bacterial resistance. Peer-review under the responsibility of the organizing committee of the ICMB21.
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 2021
Good indoor air quality (IAQ) is essential to ensure students' and teachers' improved performance... more Good indoor air quality (IAQ) is essential to ensure students' and teachers' improved performance and productivity. This study aimed to investigate particulate matter (PM) concentration with different sizes in a classroom during haze episode and to evaluate the health effect of air pollution during haze to the school student in Malaysia. The particulate matter concentration with aerodynamic diameter size less than 10 µm (PM 10) was collected for 8 h using a low volume air sampler (LVS) equipped with quartz filter paper. The trace metals element (Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, Cr, Mn, As and Cu) in PM 10 was analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Simultaneously, PM concentration in real time at differences sizes (PM 10 , PM 2.5 and PM 1) was also collected using Grimm aerosol spectrometer with 1-min interval. A questionnaire survey on school children's health condition and the lung function test using spirometry were also performed. The results show that there was no significant difference in PM 10 concentration during haze (95 ± 25 μg m −3). The dominant trace metal concentrations in PM 10 were Mn and Cr both during haze. The mean concentrations of continuous monitoring of PM 10 , PM 2.5 and PM 1 during haze event were 85 ± 14 μg m −3 , 68 ± 16 μg m −3 and 61 ± 16 μg m −3. The mean forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and the mean forced vital capacity (FVC) value during haze were 97.7% and 91.8%. The health risk assessment of school children on trace metals in PM 10 via inhalation was higher than the acceptable value with a total hazard quotient (HQ) more than 1.0 for both hazes. For carcinogenic elements, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) was higher than the acceptable limit for haze event with a value of 3.4XE-05. This study found that the impact of haze pollution on indoor PM 10 concentration was relatively low; however, there was still a high exposure of school children to the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic elements during haze event.
A study was carried out to observe relationship between waterborne and foodborne disease (cholera... more A study was carried out to observe relationship between waterborne and foodborne disease (cholera, typhoid, hepatitis A and dysentery) and quality of drinking of drinking water with two main objectives.First, to obtain the best method in order to study the pattern of waterborne and foodborne disease (WBD), and the content of drinking water (chlorine residue, fecal coliform and combination of chlorine residue and fecal coliform, turbidity) using analysis of univariate time series.Another purpose of the study is to model the WBD and the content of drinking water using analysis of multiple linear regressions.The research findings from univariate time series shows that, the best method to predict new values in the next month are non-seasonal Box-Jenkins method to study WBD.Meanwhile, the three month moving average method and simple exponential smoothing are more appropriate to study chlorine residue, fecal coliform and turbidity and the combination of chlorine residue and fecal coliform...
Water in adequate quantity and quality is essential and is a basic human right (1-3). Unsafe wate... more Water in adequate quantity and quality is essential and is a basic human right (1-3). Unsafe water supply, inadequate sanitation and hygiene contrib-
Jurnal Undang-undang dan Masyarakat
Environmental damage and climate change consequences are affecting the health and well-being of m... more Environmental damage and climate change consequences are affecting the health and well-being of many people throughout the world. However as compared to adults, children are more susceptible to environmental hazards because of their unique physiological, developmental and metabolic needs causing them to face a greater risk if exposed to pollution. While imperative actions are persistently being taken by countries globally to address environmental and climate change concerns, confronting these issues in the era of COVID-19 could be more complex due to implications and unprecedented challenges associated with the pandemic. In relation to children, while they are not a category at risk from a medical viewpoint, they are nevertheless not standing on an equal footing in facing environmental consequences of the pandemic effects. In responding to the interlinkages of COVID-19 crisis, environmental degradation, and children’s protection, the article examines provisions of the Child Act 2001...
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
This study aims to determine the association and risk of daily fluctuations of air pollution para... more This study aims to determine the association and risk of daily fluctuations of air pollution parameters in Klang Valley, Malaysia, with cardiovascular and respiratory admissions. The data on admissions and air pollution concentrations were obtained from various government agencies in Malaysia. The associations were estimated using a time series analysis of Poisson regression. The effects for every 10μ/m3 increase in pollutants were reported as Relative Risk (RR). SO2 showed the highest association with immediate effects at lag 0 for all cardiovascular admissions followed by NO2. Gaseous pollutants of SO2 and NO2 showed a higher risk among elderly more than 60 years old. Immediate effects were found in both genders, with higher risks observed in males. NO2 continues to be suggestively associated with all respiratory admissions. Children less than 9 years old presented a higher risk of NO2 at various lag times with the highest value at lag0, followed by PM10. Stratified analysis showe...
ISEE Conference Abstracts
Perubahan iklim memberi impak kepada kehidupan dan mengancam kesihatan manusia. Antara faktornya ... more Perubahan iklim memberi impak kepada kehidupan dan mengancam kesihatan manusia. Antara faktornya ialah peningkatan penduduk, suhu dunia seperti pemanasan global serta darjah pergantungan ke atas bahan pembakar fossil yang semakin meningkat. Pemindahan gas rumah hijau ke atmosfera mengakibatkan gangguan ke atas lapisan ozon stratosfera dan meningkatkan radiasi ultraungu ke permukaan bumi. Perubahan persekitaran suhu dan kerpasan serta peningkatan aras laut mempunyai impak negatif ke atas kesihatan manusia. Kebanyakan kajian mengenai perubahan iklim dan kesihatan awam daripada perspektif sains dan bukannya sains sosial. Keakhiran kesihatan yang spesifik akibat perubahan iklim dikategori oleh Pertubuhan Kesihatan Dunia (WHO) seperti kesan langsung haba dan gelombang panas, pencemaran udara, bencana (banjir dan angin ribut), penyakit bawaan vektor, diarea bawaan air dan bawaan makanan, penipisan ozon stratosphera dan keselamatan makanan. Semua perubahan ini mengakibatkan berlakunya peni...
Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, 2020
The new emergence and re-emergence of arbovirus infections transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes have b... more The new emergence and re-emergence of arbovirus infections transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes have been spreading across Southeast Asia, Central Africa, United States, tropical Oceania and has become a major of public health concern. These arbovirus diseases were found to have a similar vector, symptoms, and environments. The situation is complex due to no specific vaccine or treatments being available for the diseases. Therefore, vector control is currently the best defense against arbovirus diseases, but with its own challenges such as the difficulty in controlling scattered breeding sites and biological behavior. Herein, we present a literature review of studies on current techniques proposed to combat dengue transmission that can fill a crucial gap in vector control programs, which is the inability of conventional control methods to eliminate and destroy cryptic breeding sites. In particular, we focused on the concept of autodissemination, which is a self-delivery technique by mani...
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2020
The first wave of COVID-19 epidemic began in late January in Malaysia and ended with a very small... more The first wave of COVID-19 epidemic began in late January in Malaysia and ended with a very small size. The second wave of infections broke out in late February and grew rapidly in the first 3 weeks. Authorities in the country responded quickly with a series of control strategies collectively known as the Movement Control Order (MCO) with different levels of intensity matching the progression of the epidemic. We examined the characteristics of the second wave and discussed the key control strategies implemented in the country. In the second wave, the epidemic doubled in size every 3.8 days (95% confidence interval: 3.3, 4.5) in the first month and decayed slowly after that with a halving time of approximately 3 weeks. The time-varying reproduction number R t peaked at 3.1 (95% credible interval: 2.7, 3.5) in the 3rd week, declined sharply thereafter and stayed below 1 in the last 3 weeks of April, indicating low transmissibility approximately 3 weeks after the MCO. The experience of Malaysia suggests that adaptive triggering of distancing policies combined with a population-wide movement control measure can be effective in suppressing transmission and preventing a rebound.
Geospatial Health, 2021
In recent decades, dengue outbreaks have become increasingly common around the developing countri... more In recent decades, dengue outbreaks have become increasingly common around the developing countries, including Malaysia. Thus, it is essential for rural as well as urbanised livelihood to understand the distribution pattern of this infection. The objective of this study is to determine the trend of dengue cases reported from the year 2014 to 2018 and the spatial pattern for this spread. Spatial statistical analyses conducted found that the distribution pattern and spatial mean centre for dengue cases were clustered in the eastern part of the Bangi region. Directional distribution observed that the elongated polygon of dengue cluster stretched from the Northeast to the Southwest of Bangi District. The standard distance observed for dengue cases was smallest in the year 2014 (0.017 m), and largest in 2016 (0.019 m), whereas in the year 2015, 2017 and 2018, it measured 0.018 m. The average nearest neighbour analysis also displayed clustered patterns for dengue cases in the Bangi Distri...
Sains Malaysiana, 2021
Aedes mosquitoes were found to lay their eggs in the cryptic breeding sites. Eliminating cryptic ... more Aedes mosquitoes were found to lay their eggs in the cryptic breeding sites. Eliminating cryptic and open breeding sites is essential in reducing dengue virus transmission. However, it is often challenging for health officers to assess these breeding sites which are usually missed during larval surveillance. The autodissemination approach may produce a better outcome by manipulating female mosquitoes to disperse insecticide to other Aedes spp. mosquito habitats. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the pyriproxyfen autodissemination technique using Mosquito Home System against the population of mosquitoes. This study was conducted in Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. The Mosquito Home System was deployed to control Aedes spp. populations at treatment sites using before-after-control-impact (BACI) design. The presence of pyriproxyfen distribution was confirmed using the WHO larval bioassay which resulted in 10-35% larvae mortalities. Autodissemination of...
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2021
The publisher regrets the following errors in the final published paper: 1 Highlights 2 and 3 are... more The publisher regrets the following errors in the final published paper: 1 Highlights 2 and 3 are incorrect. The correct highlights are as follows: Instantaneous reproduction number Rt peaked at 3.1 and case fatality rate is 1.4. Movement control measures began 3 days after peaked Rt and implemented in stages. 2 Supplemental file was incorrect. Correct version has now been replaced online.
Study on the population of airborne bacteria and antibiotic resistance from a hospital environment, 2021
This study aims to identify the population of the airborne bacteria in a hospital and its antibio... more This study aims to identify the population of the airborne bacteria in a hospital and its antibiotic resistant. The airborne bacteria were collected using SKC Biostage Single Stage at three locations in a tertiary hospital in Kuala Lumpur. Temperature, relative humidity and air velocity of the sampling locations were determined using TSI VelociCalc. The screening of antibiotic resistance was conducted using disk diffusion of Kirby-Bauer method. The results show Micrococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, α and ȣ-Streptococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Clostridium spp. are the group of bacteria found at the sampling locations. The antibiotic resistance screening shows a wide percentage of resistance among the identified bacteria, with ampicillin as the highest percentage for the bacterial resistance. Peer-review under the responsibility of the organizing committee of the ICMB21.
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 2021
Good indoor air quality (IAQ) is essential to ensure students' and teachers' improved performance... more Good indoor air quality (IAQ) is essential to ensure students' and teachers' improved performance and productivity. This study aimed to investigate particulate matter (PM) concentration with different sizes in a classroom during haze episode and to evaluate the health effect of air pollution during haze to the school student in Malaysia. The particulate matter concentration with aerodynamic diameter size less than 10 µm (PM 10) was collected for 8 h using a low volume air sampler (LVS) equipped with quartz filter paper. The trace metals element (Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, Cr, Mn, As and Cu) in PM 10 was analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Simultaneously, PM concentration in real time at differences sizes (PM 10 , PM 2.5 and PM 1) was also collected using Grimm aerosol spectrometer with 1-min interval. A questionnaire survey on school children's health condition and the lung function test using spirometry were also performed. The results show that there was no significant difference in PM 10 concentration during haze (95 ± 25 μg m −3). The dominant trace metal concentrations in PM 10 were Mn and Cr both during haze. The mean concentrations of continuous monitoring of PM 10 , PM 2.5 and PM 1 during haze event were 85 ± 14 μg m −3 , 68 ± 16 μg m −3 and 61 ± 16 μg m −3. The mean forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and the mean forced vital capacity (FVC) value during haze were 97.7% and 91.8%. The health risk assessment of school children on trace metals in PM 10 via inhalation was higher than the acceptable value with a total hazard quotient (HQ) more than 1.0 for both hazes. For carcinogenic elements, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) was higher than the acceptable limit for haze event with a value of 3.4XE-05. This study found that the impact of haze pollution on indoor PM 10 concentration was relatively low; however, there was still a high exposure of school children to the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic elements during haze event.
A study was carried out to observe relationship between waterborne and foodborne disease (cholera... more A study was carried out to observe relationship between waterborne and foodborne disease (cholera, typhoid, hepatitis A and dysentery) and quality of drinking of drinking water with two main objectives.First, to obtain the best method in order to study the pattern of waterborne and foodborne disease (WBD), and the content of drinking water (chlorine residue, fecal coliform and combination of chlorine residue and fecal coliform, turbidity) using analysis of univariate time series.Another purpose of the study is to model the WBD and the content of drinking water using analysis of multiple linear regressions.The research findings from univariate time series shows that, the best method to predict new values in the next month are non-seasonal Box-Jenkins method to study WBD.Meanwhile, the three month moving average method and simple exponential smoothing are more appropriate to study chlorine residue, fecal coliform and turbidity and the combination of chlorine residue and fecal coliform...
Water in adequate quantity and quality is essential and is a basic human right (1-3). Unsafe wate... more Water in adequate quantity and quality is essential and is a basic human right (1-3). Unsafe water supply, inadequate sanitation and hygiene contrib-
Jurnal Undang-undang dan Masyarakat
Environmental damage and climate change consequences are affecting the health and well-being of m... more Environmental damage and climate change consequences are affecting the health and well-being of many people throughout the world. However as compared to adults, children are more susceptible to environmental hazards because of their unique physiological, developmental and metabolic needs causing them to face a greater risk if exposed to pollution. While imperative actions are persistently being taken by countries globally to address environmental and climate change concerns, confronting these issues in the era of COVID-19 could be more complex due to implications and unprecedented challenges associated with the pandemic. In relation to children, while they are not a category at risk from a medical viewpoint, they are nevertheless not standing on an equal footing in facing environmental consequences of the pandemic effects. In responding to the interlinkages of COVID-19 crisis, environmental degradation, and children’s protection, the article examines provisions of the Child Act 2001...