NIK HAIRI OMAR | National University of Malaysia (original) (raw)

Papers by NIK HAIRI OMAR

HRMARS / international journal of academic research in business and social sciences, 2022

This article explains the influence of Integrity Strengthening Plan (ISP) on ethical behavior amo... more This article explains the influence of Integrity Strengthening Plan (ISP) on ethical behavior among the Public Work Department (PWD) officials in Malaysia. The five pillars of ISP studied are compliance (C), punishment (P), ethical training and development (T), management (M), and the whistleblowing (W). The main question asked is whether these pillars have significantly influenced ethical behavior of the public officials in the PWD or otherwise? If the ISP have positively contributed toward ethical behavior, how much variances in the construct variables are able to explain the changes? Research data is collected through an instrument developed by researchers and distributed to 300 target population consisting of professional grade officers (ranked 54, 52, 48, 44, 41), and technical and support officers (ranked 36-29). Using SEM-PLS analysis, the findings show that the coefficient determination (R²) value for each exogenus variable toward endogenus variable is 0.377. The results means that all five pillars have significantly contribute to ethical behavior with a proportional variance in total of 37.70 percent. The result is considered to have a moderate to weak influence. To encourage ethical behavior at workplace, the organization can take steps to create a good ethical environment such as improving organizational monitoring, training and education mechanisms, and other reactive systems for reporting of unethical behavior instead of promoting a proactive employee voice system.

A survey regarding dietary intake and physical lifestyle among Residential College Students was c... more A survey regarding dietary intake and physical lifestyle among Residential College Students was conducted in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). The objectives of study were to determine and evaluate student’s dietary intake and physical lifestyle in the campus which focus to Ungku Omar Residential College, one of the 12 Residential Colleges in UKM. This study was used experimental research design where 100 students (10 percent of population) have been selected randomly through their quotas of race and gender. The results show that the dietary intake of macronutrient carbohydrate, fat and protein taken by the majority of the students (≥50%) have been met the satisfied level as suggested by The Malaysian Food Pyramid Guideline. However, 35-57 percents of student were consuming high calories and high fat food diet. Based on the data obtained, there are relationship between the pattern of students’ dietary intake and quality of services and food inside the campus. According to the st...

Kajian ini bertitik tolak daripada tesis tentang konflik yang melanda masyarakat Melayu hari ini ... more Kajian ini bertitik tolak daripada tesis tentang konflik yang melanda masyarakat Melayu hari ini apabila warisan sosioekonomi dan politik Melayu tulen yang diwarisi sejak zaman kolonial telah berubah dan berlaku kecairan semasa melalui proses globalisasi. Fenomena tersebut memberikan ruang untuk mengkaji status perubahan pemikiran politik Melayu dari politik feudalisme hinggalah ke politik liberalisasi/era globalisasi. Justeru, adalah menjadi hasrat penulisan artikel ini untuk mengkaji aspek-aspek perubahan tersebut. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data soal selidik terhadap 1,200 responden bangsa Melayu di 4 zon iaitu Kelantan (Zon Timur), Pulau Pinang (Zon Utara), Selangor (Zon Barat/Tengah) dan Johor (Zon Selatan) dan kajian sekunder terhadap bahan-bahan akademik yang berkenaan. Hasil kajian mendapati majoriti responden menyatakan „politik‟ penting kepada kehidupan mereka kerana politik akan menentukan halatuju dan kuasa perjuangan agama, bangsa dan negara. Namun demikian...

International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 2021

Pandemic COVID 19 has changed the world's communication medium into online communication to preve... more Pandemic COVID 19 has changed the world's communication medium into online communication to prevent the spread of pandemic since the end of 2019; this has also impacted students' learning either at primary, secondary, college or university level. Since online communication was mandated as a medium to deliver learning, many researchers have started to determine the effectiveness of online learning for formal educational setting. However, research reported the effectiveness of students' online learning in informal setting, such as online training program was very limited. Hence, this article aims to report the effectiveness of online training program among undergraduates in Malaysia using a quasi-experimental design. Three different training programs were conducted during December 2020 among undergraduates at University Kebangsaan Malaysia based on open registration; there were 52 participants in total. Participants were asked to answer a questionnaire before and after the completion of training program using google form to determine the achievement of training objectives. General Training Effectiveness Scale was adapted and modified accordingly to each training program's objective to measure learning performance as perceived by participants; data were analyzed using paired sample t-test and one-way ANOVA in SPSS software. Findings indicated a significant mean difference between scores as measured before and after training completion, and insignificant difference between all the three training programs indicating that online training among undergraduates is effective regardless different training objectives. In conclusion, it is verified that online learning is beneficial to replace traditional classroom for informal education during the pandemic, such as training program among undergraduates. Hence, it should be used for knowledge acquisition,

International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 2021

Stress and occupational disease are the main issues that need to be addressed by the organization... more Stress and occupational disease are the main issues that need to be addressed by the organization. Unconcerned organizations on this issue will provide a negative impact on employees and organizations and contributing to the increase in work accidents, employee absences problems, and the rise in non-infectious diseases at work. Previous studies show that safety and health problems including stress and occupational disease occur mainly in the manufacturing industry. This study will try to seek an answer whether the ergonomic factors of duties and organizations are related to the increase of stress and occupational disease in the manufacturing industry? A total of 843 respondents from few companies and states in Malaysia were reviewed and analysed. The findings of the study indicated that most group workers were unaware of ergonomics-related problems at work place. The research found that there was a significant relationship between the ergonomics factors of organizations and duties with stress and work-related disease in manufacturing industry. Therefore, several initiatives should be taken by the organizations to improve employee performance especially in relation to the implementation of ergonomics aspects and emphasize on safety and health campaign widely.

International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 2021

Employee training is an important program of human resource development to maintain and maximize ... more Employee training is an important program of human resource development to maintain and maximize organizational effectiveness. Since employees are working under specific unit/department, training should improve the department's effectiveness or teamwork effectiveness because it contributes to the organizational effectiveness; this needs mutual support from the whole organization. Ironically, previous researches have only focusing on organizational characteristics affecting individual training transfer among employees; in which, little is known about organizational characteristics that can nurture teamwork effectiveness when employees have transferred their learned skills and knowledge from training. In fact, previous researchers have highlighted the importance of training motivation affecting training effectiveness; however, it is still a vague whether training motivation is also beneficial to improve the teamwork effectiveness. Therefore, the objective of this article is to determine organizational characteristics nurturing teamwork effectiveness, the effect of training motivation on teamwork effectiveness, and mediation effect of training motivation. Using a longitudinal research, a survey was done among 203 Malaysian Public Service Officers attended seven training programs organized by The Malaysian National Institute of Public Administration; data were analyzed using SEM-AMOS. Results indicated that job support followed by cultural support, management support, and social support were important characteristics of organization to nurture teamwork effectiveness in supporting training effectiveness. Additionally, employees' training motivation

International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 2021

The major benefits of transforming the Customs manual system into automation is making data proce... more The major benefits of transforming the Customs manual system into automation is making data processing faster, reduce time delay and increase transparency for the international logistics management. A robust digital system of automation by default is assumed to be able to barricades any mistake made by parties involved in the process of declaration, assessing, and releasing goods from the Customs control. In this paper, we focused on the Integrity issues concerning the result of using the Customs Information System (CIS) in Malaysia as it is the only automation software used by The Royal Malaysian Customs for processing and releasing goods under its control. As a semi-digital system, CIS has its advantages and disadvantages that may affect integrity issues among Customs officials who administrated it. In this article, we used 795 samples of analytic data for imported prefabricated used vehicles (Toyota Wish) mined from CIS databank to examine whether this output data is administrated consistent, or otherwise, deteriorate with the requirements stipulated under the Customs importation rules and circulars in force? Our focus of analyses will be on the examination of how far the items in K1 electronic forms, namely tariff code declaration, vehicles first registration date, CIF value, imposed tax rates, physical check of vehicles and approval permit is consistent with the Customs Taxation law and Circulars. The finding shows that many output data are inconsistent with the current tax laws and circulars in force. These include 28.05% inaccurate samples for tariff code declaration, 80.63% that are not declared the vehicles first registration date in the origin country, and 98.62% are declared false or wrong CIF values. We found that CIS also failed to include the detailed records of vehicles year's made, VIN, seating capacity and the engine type as required by K-1 form. The output data also shows that there are 3% of samples charged with an inaccurate excise duty rate for different types of vehicles models or variants. In the physical inspection records, data showed that 100% of prefabricated vehicles brought in were not marked as inspected via CIS module. Meanwhile, for AP records, 73.21% of samples do not have valid approved permits and were classified as Record Not Found (RNF), while 7.05% have expired AP. This evidence shows that CIS is a weak automation software and can be manipulated by the parties involved in the transaction process, either Customs officials or company agents. The main disadvantage is the design of the software that permit users to input value that may be incorrect, inaccurate,

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2021

The involvement of various parties in making work decisions in the organization can have a positi... more The involvement of various parties in making work decisions in the organization can have a positive impact. Participation in implementing ergonomics aspect among management and individual level will enable workers to serve to the conformity of the job rather than in adjusting to the environment. Hence, it will avoid emerging problems especially to the workers such low self-effacing, work pressure and job dissatisfaction, low level of health status, which eventually affects workers and organizational performance. The important of understanding the multidimensional, dynamic characteristics of participations and the potential positive and negative impact on the ergonomic work system and workers is emerging. Thus, the main agenda of article is to explore conceptually the roles of numerous participants' ergonomics approaches included examining the potential negative impact of participation. This paper systematically assesses methodologic aspects of literature reviews which references are made on related studies since 1986 to 2021. The present empirical studies and published in high-impact, peer-reviewed academic journal that indicate the significant of participatory ergonomics in the organisations has been analysis. It is also covers several studies from local and abroad context. Electronic bibliographic databases, conference proceedings, and reference registers were systematically searched to obtain relevant documents. The review described important trends in the literature, including increased attention to be given in implementing participatory ergonomics in the organisations. The review analysis were reported that focus of participants among workers improved task contents, increase quality of working life, enhance workers health, and produce accurate ergonomic workstation as well as increase productivity. Conversely, raise cost of operation, added workforce supply as well as increase workload and work pressure was contributed as adverse impact of participants. Most studies were also mentioned that the implementation of participatory ergonomics contribute to both workers and organizational in term of wellbeing and wellness. Finally, the rules as 'participant's approaches in organization are essential for employees and the organization to achieve foster quality performance. Further empirical study is required on the implementation of participatory ergonomic as one of an initiative to improve workers capabilities and organisation competencies.

International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 2020

Job performance is seen as a set of behaviours that are relevant to the achievement of an organiz... more Job performance is seen as a set of behaviours that are relevant to the achievement of an organization's goal where a person works. A job performance appraisal is usually measured using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to emphasize the quality of work either in public or private services. Unfortunately, the vision, mission and goals of the organization are rarely achieved although these KPIs are achieved by the human resources. Therefore, organization needs to revise the measurement of job performance to make sure that organization's goals are achieved in line with the achievement of job performance. This can provide a clear picture of the individual's performance in the organization as a whole. Recognizing the importance of individual job performance in enhancing the excellence of an organization, the purpose of this study is to develop a new way of measuring job performance. This is done by combining six main components of job performance including tasks, contextual, adaptive, productive behaviour, service quality and organizational strategic objectives. Data were collected among officers working with the Malaysian Road Transport Department and analysed using SPSS and AMOS. Findings indicated acceptable construct validity for the new measurement of job performance named Strategic Job Performance Scale. This demonstrates the implication for Human Resource Management field of study to incorporate important components of job performance to a new measurement of strategic job performance appraisal.

International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2020

Proactive employees have become the core focus as the main mechanism through which to achieve an ... more Proactive employees have become the core focus as the main mechanism through which to achieve an organizational goal centered on profit-making and productivity. From a classical behaviorist perspective, individual differences are the predominant factor in maintaining proactive behavior. However, individual differences vary, ranging from individual personality to motivational determinant. Although a proactive personality is believed to have led to proactive behavior, contemporary studies have found otherwise. Indeed, studies have discovered that proactive behavior is supported mainly by the motivational mechanism. Individuals will engage in proactive behavior only if they have the confidence to do so and understand the reasons behind such conduct. These findings are consistent with Bandura's research on behavior that emphasizes the importance of human internalization in behavior engagement.

International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Management Practices, 2020

Work performance is important in determining the quality and reputation of an organization. A mor... more Work performance is important in determining the quality and reputation of an organization. A more strategic performance measurement system will assist management in translating organizational strategies into action plans to be more advanced and competitive in achieving vision and mission. In addition, there are various factors that can influence the improvement of individual job performance and one of them is the factor of training transfer that can improve job performance among civil servants in Malaysia. This is because the training transfer is a continuation application of the knowledge and skills acquired during training to be practiced in the workplace. Training transfer occurs if the employee continuously practices all that knowledge received and learned while undergoing training to improve performance in the workplace. In general, this study proves that the transfer of positive training will have a positive impact on the strategic work performance of an individual in the org...

Current Research in Education and Social Studies Vol. 1, 2019

Baumrind (1966, 1967, 1991) secara konsisten menyifatkan prestasi tinggi akademik anak-anak berko... more Baumrind (1966, 1967, 1991) secara konsisten menyifatkan prestasi tinggi akademik anak-anak berkorelasi positif dan signifikan dengan praktik gaya keibubapaan autoritatif berbanding permisif dan autoritarian. Artikel ini bertujuan menguji sejauhmana model Baumrind dapat diterima sebagai model asuhan yang deduktif dan universal seperti didakwa. Tiga objektif artikel ialah: (i) mengenal pasti jenis gaya keibubapaan, perbezaan dan tahap pengamalan, (ii) menguji kesignifikanan perhubungan antara gaya keibubapaan dengan pencapaian akademik, dan (iii) menentukan pengaruh faktor sosio-demografi terpilih selaku 'confound variables' ke atas perhubungan gaya keibubapaan dengan pencapaian akademik. Hasil tinjauan soal selidik secara rawak berkelompok ke atas sekumpulan 55 pelajar sekolah menengah mendapati ciri gaya keibubapaan paling dominan diterapkan ibu bapa adalah gaya autoritatif. Ujian Friedman selanjutnya mendapati pengamalan jenis gaya keibubapaan adalah berbeza secara signifikan (k<0.05) dengan hasil yang menunjukkan gaya autoritatif dipraktikkan di tahap tinggi sementara gaya autoritarian dan permisif di tahap sederhana dan rendah. Walau bagaimanapun pengujian korelasi sehala antara kesemua jenis gaya keibubapaan dengan pencapaian akademik menunjukkan hasil yang tidak signifikan (k>0.05). Dapatan juga menunjukkan kesemua pembolehubah sosio demografi tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan ke atas perhubungan antara gaya keibubapaan dengan pencapaian akademik. Berdasarkan penemuan, kajian menolak penggunaan model Baumrind sebagai sebuah model asuhan yang deduktif dan sejagat sebaliknya dirumuskan bahawa tinggi atau rendah pencapaian akademik pelajar tidak dipengaruhi jenis gaya keibubapaan yang diamalkan semata-mata. Kajian mengesyorkan supaya pengujian model Baumrind pada masa hadapan menggunakan pendekatan yang berbeza seperti model persamaan struktur (SEM) selain mengambil kira pengaruh elemen lain yang diabaikan seperti IQ, EQ dan persekitaran sekolah.

Liberalisasi pelaburan yang agresif telah menjadi keutamaan di kebanyakan negara yang menjadikan ... more Liberalisasi pelaburan yang agresif telah menjadi keutamaan di kebanyakan negara yang menjadikan FDI sebagai strategi pertumbuhan dan pembangunan. Artikel ini meneliti sejauhmana pendekatan FDI di Malaysia dipraktik secara liberal atau rigid berdasarkan penilaian syarikat multinasional (MNC) ke atas tujuh pembolehubah: syarat masuk, insentif percukaian, perburuhan dan perhubungan perusahaan, tadbir urus, ekonomi domestik, sofistifikasi sistem kewangan dan penyertaan antarabangsa. Data kajian diperolehi daripada tinjauan soal selidik ke atas 31 buah syarikat MNC yang beroperasi di Lembah Klang dan Pulau Pinang. Hasil kajian menunjukkan 47.3 peratus indikator yang mengukur praktik pendekatan FDI adalah positif (liberal) dan baki 52.7 peratus dinilai secara negatif (rigid) oleh MNC. Daripada keseluruhan tujuh praktik pelaburan yang dikaji, tiga mendapat penilaian yang liberal dan empat adalah rigid. Dari perspektif pelabur, artikel merumuskan bahawa walaupun dasar FDI di Malaysia telah semakin liberal, namun praktik pendekatan FDI masih perlu diperbaiki. Aspek yang memerlukan banyak penambahbaikan ialah prosedur pelaksanaan insentif percukaian dan tadbir-urus pelaburan sementara aspek yang memerlukan sedikit penambahbaikan ialah praktik perhubungan perusahaan serta penyertaan antarabangsa.

e-BANGI: Jurnal Sains Sosial …, 2012

Pengaduan awam adalah satu ekspresi ketidakpuashatian orang ramai terhadap mutu, kualiti atau lay... more Pengaduan awam adalah satu ekspresi ketidakpuashatian orang ramai terhadap mutu, kualiti atau layanan perkhidmatan yang diterima daripada penjawat awam atau sesebuah agensi. Peningkatan pengaduan awam secara teknikal menunjukkan kemerosotan tahap ...

Jurnal Teknologi, 2013

The ability of motorcyclist learners to identify hazards and to act safely at the intersection wi... more The ability of motorcyclist learners to identify hazards and to act safely at the intersection without traffic lights does not fully evaluated due to the fact that current curriculum adopted in Driving Institute (DI) in Malaysia not include training and testing on the actual road. Hence, to assess the ability of candidates on the actual road, a quasi-experiment was conducted towards random samples of 104 candidates in six DI in Malacca and Negeri Sembilan. An instrumented motorcycle equipped with video camera and electronic devices have been used to record driving data. Hazard perception and responding skills were measured by analyzing motorcycle’s speed and turn signal activation at junctions. Results of Oneway ANOVA test showed that there were significant differences in the participants’ choice of speed and use of turn signals when there were oncoming vehicles at junctions, but no significant changes when only crossing vehicles were present at the junctions. In general, studies ...