Sadasivam Kaushik | Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (original) (raw)

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Papers by Sadasivam Kaushik

The British journal of nutrition, Jan 20, 2015

Archiv für Tierernaehrung, 1996

Two trials were conducted with duplicate groups of (first feeding) carp larvae fed artificial dry... more Two trials were conducted with duplicate groups of (first feeding) carp larvae fed artificial dry diets based on casein and dextrin over 21 or 25 days. One control diet based on yeast was also tested. Survival, growth and fatty acid profiles of larvae were studied.In trial 1, (n‐3) fatty acid requirement was estimated using diets supplemented or not with methyl

Reproduction Nutrition Development, 1998

Fish physiology and biochemistry, 2015

Mineral needs as affected by changes in dietary protein and oil sources were studied in rainbow t... more Mineral needs as affected by changes in dietary protein and oil sources were studied in rainbow trout. Duplicate groups (n = 30 fish per replicate) of rainbow trout (initial BW: 37 g) were fed either a fish meal/fish oil-based (M) or a complete plant ingredient (V)-based diet at four graded ration (R) levels [apparent satiation (AS), R75, R50 and R25 % of AS]; one treatment group was maintained under starvation. The feeding trial lasted 12 weeks at a water temperature of 17 °C. Dietary intake, apparent digestibility and initial and final whole-body composition data were used to calculate mineral gain which was regressed against digestible mineral intake (both expressed as mg or µg kg(-0.8) day(-1)). Starvation loss (SL), endogenous loss of fed fish (ELF, y-intercept at x = 0) and point of intake for zero balance (PZB, x-intercept at y = 0) were used as estimates of maintenance requirements. SL provided the lowest estimate, ELF provided the net requirement of a mineral for maintenanc...

Communications in agricultural and applied biological sciences, 2013

Se is an essential micronutrient required for normal growth, development and antioxidant defence.... more Se is an essential micronutrient required for normal growth, development and antioxidant defence. The objective of the present study was to assess the impact of dietary Se sources and levels on the antioxidant status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry. First-feeding fry (initial body weight: 91 mg) were fed either a plant- or fishmeal-based diet containing 0·5 or 1·2 mg Se/kg diet supplemented or not with 0·3 mg Se/kg diet supplied as Se-enriched yeast or sodium selenite for 12 weeks at 17°C. Growth and survival of rainbow trout fry were not significantly affected by dietary Se sources and levels. Whole-body Se was raised by both Se sources and to a greater extent by Se-yeast. The reduced:oxidised glutathione ratio was raised by Se-yeast, whereas other lipid peroxidation markers were not affected by dietary Se. Whole-body Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity was enhanced in fish fed Se-yeast compared to fish fed sodium selenite or non-supplemented diets. Activity and gene expression of this enzyme as well as gene expression of selenoprotein P (SelP) were reduced in fish fed the non-supplemented plant-based diet. Catalase, glutamate-cysteine ligase and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) gene expressions were reduced by Se-yeast. These results suggest the necessity to supplement plant-based diets with Se for rainbow trout fry, and highlight the superiority of organic form of Se to fulfil the dietary Se requirement and sustain the antioxidant status of fish. GPX and SelP expression proved to be good markers of Se status in fish.

The Journal of nutrition, 2008

In mammals, the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway is a major route of protein degradation ... more In mammals, the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway is a major route of protein degradation and has been shown to be regulated by the feeding status via the protein kinase B (PKB)-Forkehead box-O transcription factor signaling pathway-mediated transcription regulation of atrophy-related ubiquitin ligases, atrogin1 and muscle RING finger 1. In contrast, in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), the activity of the proteasome in muscle was not affected during starvation-induced muscle degradation. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the molecular basis for this lack of induction of this proteolytic route during starvation. In this study, rainbow trout were food deprived for 7 and 14 d, refed ad libitum, and the effect of the nutritional status was assessed on the different steps involved in the regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in muscle. We observed that starvation reduced the phosphorylation of PKB and enhanced the expression of atrogin1 in muscle, whereas ...

Reproduction, nutrition, development

Four diets with differing lipid contents (15, 20, 25 or 30% DM) were tested on small (initial bod... more Four diets with differing lipid contents (15, 20, 25 or 30% DM) were tested on small (initial body weight: 27 g) and larger (IBW: 93 g) rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed on demand or by hand, respectively. In both trials, voluntary feed intake was inversely related to dietary lipid levels. Protein efficiency increased when dietary fat content increased. Final whole-body lipid content was positively related to dietary lipid levels. The main sites of lipid storage were visceral adipose tissue and to a lesser extent muscle. Increased fat deposition in the visceral cavity of young trout was due to both hyperplasic and hypertrophic responses and in larger trout mostly due to a hypertrophic response. Liver activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and fatty acid synthetase were negatively correlated with fat intake and positively with starch intake, whereas malic enzyme was little affected by dietary treatments.

The Journal of experimental biology, 2001

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are known to use dietary carbohydrates poorly. One of the hyp... more Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are known to use dietary carbohydrates poorly. One of the hypotheses to explain the poor utilisation of dietary glucose by these fish is a dysfunction in nutritional regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism. In this study, we obtained partial clones of rainbow trout cDNAs coding for a glucose transporter (Glut2), and for the enzymes 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (6PF-2K/F-2,6BPase), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) and pyruvate kinase (PK). Their deduced amino acid sequences were highly similar to those of mammals (up to 80% similarity). In a study of nutritional regulation, the Glut2 gene was highly expressed in the liver irrespective of the nutritional status of the trout, in agreement with the role of this transporter in the input (during refeeding) and output (during fasting) of glucose from the liver. Moreover, whereas PK and FBPase gene expression was high irrespective of the nutritional status, levels of hepatic 6...

Journal of animal science, 1999

Our objectives were to test the potential replacement of fish meal by soy protein concentrate (SP... more Our objectives were to test the potential replacement of fish meal by soy protein concentrate (SPC) in high-energy, extruded diets fed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and to evaluate the efficiency of DL-methionine supplementation of soy-based diets. Groups of trout (initial BW 103 to 106 g) were fed to visual satiety with isonitrogenous (6.6% DM) high-energy (22.8 MJ/kg DM gross energy), extruded diets, in which fish meal was progressively replaced with SPC (0, 50, 75, and 100%). Three 100% SPC diets were formulated to be either unsupplemented or supplemented with DL-methionine, so that total methionine content was .8 or 1.0% of DM. The quality of the SPC source used was assessed by measuring the antitryptic and antigenic activities and the concentrations of the isoflavones daidzein and genistein. Apparent digestibility of the diets was determined using the indirect method. A growth trial was conducted over 90 d at a water temperature of 18 degrees C. In addition to body com...