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Papers by Juan Carlos Tortosa Gómez
LOS GUARDIANES DE JAPÓN. MITOS Y REALIDADES
La imagen que se tiene de la policía japonesa, y en general de todo lo que alberga alguna conexió... more La imagen que se tiene de la policía japonesa, y en general de todo lo que alberga alguna conexión con el mundo de la seguridad interna de Japón está revestida de una cierta aura de embelesamiento y maravilla, de la que hay que revisar el contenido que es real, del que es producido por una repetición de errores provenientes de la esfera académica. En los años de bonanza y de la burbuja económica, se ligó de manera bastante ostensible, la política de policía comunitaria que Japón realizaba a través de los Koban y Chuzaisho, mostrando una cara amable del sistema, en contraste con la época anterior a la ocupación estadounidense de Japón. Pero tras la explosión de la burbuja, y con un carácter revisionista, diversos autores autóctonos e internacionales han hecho una gran labor de investigación, tratando de desentrañar la verdadera cara de la policía japonesa, desterrando numerosos mitos y aportando teorías acerca de la realidad tras el bajo nivel de criminalidad del país.
EVOLUCIÓN INSTITUCIONAL DE LAS FUERZAS DE AUTODEFENSA Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA SOCIEDAD JAPONESA, 2023
The JSDF emerged in a context of great uncertainty and difficulty for their normal development as... more The JSDF emerged in a context of great uncertainty and difficulty for their normal development as a military institution in a country in the process of democratisation. In the 1950s, and due to external influences, the SDF were established and began their complicated institutional development, given their incompatibility with Article 9 of the 1947 Constitution. With the Cold War and the population's internal rejection of the remilitarisation of the country, the Yoshida Doctrine was created until the 1990s, in which economic growth prevailed, while the SDF grew minimally, seeking a beneficial relationship with society that would improve appreciation of the institution. In the 1990s, the institutional evolution and social acceptance changed rapidly, with improvements in material and budgetary expenditure, and above all, a qualitative leap in the way the SDF approached society, with greater visibility through the cultural media. The main hypothesis is that the SDF have not only emerged despite the existence of Article 9, which prohibited the existence of armed forces in the country, but have evolved over the decades by circumventing the restrictions that were in place. This progression has been gradual, but there have been certain moments of notable growth, given geopolitical reasons. The methodology applied was based on a review of bibliographic materials found in online repositories such as Jstor and ResearchGate, as well as online articles on nippon.com and the different websites of the Japanese Ministry of Defence.
¿UN BLOQUE UNIDO? LA EUROPA DEL ESTE ANTE LA DOMINACIÓN COMUNISTA, 2021
The Cold War, which confronted the United States and the Soviet Union, was institutionalized as a... more The Cold War, which confronted the United States and the Soviet Union, was institutionalized as a global political system after World War II, becoming completely visible after the break between the superpowers in 1947, despite surely being able to appreciate some characteristics of its during the first middle of the 20th century. Its potential omnipresence made absolutely all the social, political, economic and cultural processes of the entire world subordinate to a greater or lesser extent to the auspices and dictates that it was generating, with Eastern Europe being no exception. During the last blows of the World War II, Eastern Europe was "liberated" from Hitler's clutches by the Red Army, within the expansive plan that Stalin longed for to increase the Soviet Union´s territory the and serve as a cushion in anticipation of future aggressions by a revanchist Germany or a more reactionary West against its communist system. The Western powers couldn´t face the policy of accompli fait that meant the military and strategic superiority of the Soviets in these territories, but it´s also true that they didn´t want to break a peace that they so longed for and required only by "that half of the continent", creating the blocks of influence of each superpower, the division of the world in West-East. Under communist domination, the Eastern Europe´s countries fell below their power, through single-party control and repression of the main cultural and social circles, plunging their populations into a certain apathy´s state. But even so, people's democracies didn´t have an easy life, living various social upheaval´s periods, such as in the DDR (1953), the Hungarian Revolution and the Polish strikes of 1956, with the Prague Spring of 1968, or as the Polish´s convulsions in Poznan and with the rise of Solidarity in the 1970s and 1980s.
LOS GUARDIANES DE JAPÓN. MITOS Y REALIDADES
La imagen que se tiene de la policía japonesa, y en general de todo lo que alberga alguna conexió... more La imagen que se tiene de la policía japonesa, y en general de todo lo que alberga alguna conexión con el mundo de la seguridad interna de Japón está revestida de una cierta aura de embelesamiento y maravilla, de la que hay que revisar el contenido que es real, del que es producido por una repetición de errores provenientes de la esfera académica. En los años de bonanza y de la burbuja económica, se ligó de manera bastante ostensible, la política de policía comunitaria que Japón realizaba a través de los Koban y Chuzaisho, mostrando una cara amable del sistema, en contraste con la época anterior a la ocupación estadounidense de Japón. Pero tras la explosión de la burbuja, y con un carácter revisionista, diversos autores autóctonos e internacionales han hecho una gran labor de investigación, tratando de desentrañar la verdadera cara de la policía japonesa, desterrando numerosos mitos y aportando teorías acerca de la realidad tras el bajo nivel de criminalidad del país.
EVOLUCIÓN INSTITUCIONAL DE LAS FUERZAS DE AUTODEFENSA Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA SOCIEDAD JAPONESA, 2023
The JSDF emerged in a context of great uncertainty and difficulty for their normal development as... more The JSDF emerged in a context of great uncertainty and difficulty for their normal development as a military institution in a country in the process of democratisation. In the 1950s, and due to external influences, the SDF were established and began their complicated institutional development, given their incompatibility with Article 9 of the 1947 Constitution. With the Cold War and the population's internal rejection of the remilitarisation of the country, the Yoshida Doctrine was created until the 1990s, in which economic growth prevailed, while the SDF grew minimally, seeking a beneficial relationship with society that would improve appreciation of the institution. In the 1990s, the institutional evolution and social acceptance changed rapidly, with improvements in material and budgetary expenditure, and above all, a qualitative leap in the way the SDF approached society, with greater visibility through the cultural media. The main hypothesis is that the SDF have not only emerged despite the existence of Article 9, which prohibited the existence of armed forces in the country, but have evolved over the decades by circumventing the restrictions that were in place. This progression has been gradual, but there have been certain moments of notable growth, given geopolitical reasons. The methodology applied was based on a review of bibliographic materials found in online repositories such as Jstor and ResearchGate, as well as online articles on nippon.com and the different websites of the Japanese Ministry of Defence.
¿UN BLOQUE UNIDO? LA EUROPA DEL ESTE ANTE LA DOMINACIÓN COMUNISTA, 2021
The Cold War, which confronted the United States and the Soviet Union, was institutionalized as a... more The Cold War, which confronted the United States and the Soviet Union, was institutionalized as a global political system after World War II, becoming completely visible after the break between the superpowers in 1947, despite surely being able to appreciate some characteristics of its during the first middle of the 20th century. Its potential omnipresence made absolutely all the social, political, economic and cultural processes of the entire world subordinate to a greater or lesser extent to the auspices and dictates that it was generating, with Eastern Europe being no exception. During the last blows of the World War II, Eastern Europe was "liberated" from Hitler's clutches by the Red Army, within the expansive plan that Stalin longed for to increase the Soviet Union´s territory the and serve as a cushion in anticipation of future aggressions by a revanchist Germany or a more reactionary West against its communist system. The Western powers couldn´t face the policy of accompli fait that meant the military and strategic superiority of the Soviets in these territories, but it´s also true that they didn´t want to break a peace that they so longed for and required only by "that half of the continent", creating the blocks of influence of each superpower, the division of the world in West-East. Under communist domination, the Eastern Europe´s countries fell below their power, through single-party control and repression of the main cultural and social circles, plunging their populations into a certain apathy´s state. But even so, people's democracies didn´t have an easy life, living various social upheaval´s periods, such as in the DDR (1953), the Hungarian Revolution and the Polish strikes of 1956, with the Prague Spring of 1968, or as the Polish´s convulsions in Poznan and with the rise of Solidarity in the 1970s and 1980s.