asghar estaji | Mohaghegh Ardabili University (original) (raw)

Papers by asghar estaji

South African Journal of Botany

Plants

Potatoes are a staple food with high antioxidant properties that can positively affect population... more Potatoes are a staple food with high antioxidant properties that can positively affect population health. The beneficial effects of potatoes have been attributed to tuber quality. However, the tuber quality related researches at genetic levels are very few. Sexual hybridization is a powerful strategy for producing new and valuable genotypes with high quality. In this study, 42 breeding potato genotypes in Iran were selected based on appearance characteristics such as shape, size, color, eyes of tubers, and tuber yield and marketability. The tubers were evaluated for their nutritional value and properties, viz. phenolic content, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins, sugars, proteins, and antioxidant activity. Potato tubers with white flesh and colored skin had significantly higher levels of ascorbic acid and total sugar. The result showed that higher phenolic, flavonoid, carotenoid, protein concentration, and antioxidant activity were noted in yellow-fleshed. Burren (yellow-fleshed) tub...

Protoplasma

One of the classes of the plant developmental programmed cell death (PCD) is vacuolar cell death ... more One of the classes of the plant developmental programmed cell death (PCD) is vacuolar cell death or autolysis. The results of the transmission electron microscope (TEM) studies indicated that this type of PCD occurs during the petal senescence
of Antirrhinum majus “Legend White” flowers. The major hallmarks of the process related to the ultrastructure of the cells involved chloroplast degradation, vacuolation, chromatin condensation, cell wall swelling, degradation of Golgi apparatus,
protoplasmic shrinkage, degradation of the endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear fragmentation, rupture of tonoplast, and plasma membrane. Macroautophagy and microautophagy processes were also clearly observed during vacuole formation. As in
yeasts, in the present study, Golgi apparatus became autophagosome-like structures during degradation that had autophagy activity and then disappeared. Our results revealed a type of selective microautophagy, piecemeal microautophagy of the
nucleus (PMN), in nuclear degradation during PCD of petals that has not previously been reported in plants. Moreover, vesicular structures, such as paramural and multilamellar bodies, were observed in some stages.

Background: Drought is also one of the most widespread abiotic stresses that adversely effects th... more Background: Drought is also one of the most widespread abiotic stresses that adversely effects the growth and development of plants. To investigate the effect of salicylic acid and drought stress on several physiological and chemical reactions in sweet pepper plants, the experiment was achieved as a factorial based on a completely randomized design in greenhouse. Drought stress levels were non-stress conditions (irrigation with field capacity), moderate stress (30% field capacity irrigation) and intense water stress (60% field capacity irrigation) and three concentrations of salicylic acid included 0 (as control), 0.5 and 1 mM were sprayed on the plant in three to four leaf stages. Results: The results showed that drought decreased fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots, leaf relative water content (RWC), fruit diameter and length, the index including chlorophyll and leaf area and increased electrical conductivity (EC), antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, ascorbate, poly...

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2020

Drought is a harmful abiotic factor that clearly affects the growth and production of plants. The... more Drought is a harmful abiotic factor that clearly affects the growth and production of plants. The negative impacts of drought can be reduced by ascorbic acid (AsA) which is an important non-enzymatic antioxidant in plants. The purpose of the current investigation was to study the effects of different levels of drought and the external application of AsA on sweet pepper plants. The experiment had two factors, the first factor was drought: irrigation within the field capacity, moderate stress (irrigation within the 60% field capacity) and severe stress (irrigation within the 30% field capacity). The second factor was AsA: 0 mM sprayed with distilled water, 0.5 and 1 mM. The experiment had three replications. The results illustrated that drought stress reduced the fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots. It also reduced the relative water content (RWC), diameter and length of fruit, chlorophyll content and leaf area. Drought stress increased the activity of polyphenol oxidase and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes. It caused improvements in antioxidant properties, total phenolic content, ascorbate and electrical conductivity (EC) in the leaves of sweet pepper. Higher concentrations of AsA by foliar application significantly increased the values of all measured parameters except the EC. The interaction between ascorbic acid and drought stress showed that ascorbic acid significantly increased the shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, antioxidant properties, ascorbate, polyphenol oxidase and ascorbate peroxidase. However, it reduced the electrical conductivity. It is claimed that sweet pepper plants acquire tolerance to drought because AsA contributes to an increase in antioxidant properties.

Most of almond cultivars are self-incompatible or over cross incompatible. Selfincompatibility is... more Most of almond cultivars are self-incompatible or over cross incompatible. Selfincompatibility is one of the most important limitative problems for fruit set and cropping in almond tree. Therefore, that is necessary to obtain self-compatible cultivars. Nowadays, difficulties of almond orchard management have been overcome by plantation of self-compatible cultivars obtained from crossing programs. In this research, leaf samples of 116 almond genotypes obtained from crossing between some superior self-incompatible local genotypes and 'tuono' were collected. Later, DNA extraction, quantitative as well as qualitative assays were DNA samples carried out with Nanodrop and spectrophotometer. S f allele (450bp) was checked out by reaction using SfF and SfR primers. Results obtained from fluorescence microscopy method showed that ten genotypes were Self-compatible, eight genotypes were doubtful and others were recognized as self-incompatible. Among of doubtful genotypes, three genoty...

The Lilium ledebourii Bioss is a self growing plant, native to forest area and moist and exposed ... more The Lilium ledebourii Bioss is a self growing plant, native to forest area and moist and exposed to extinction that has hight potential for unigue beaty in Iran and world flower market. It registered drrought is one of the most important enviormental stress in decress growing, development and produce. For to study resistence to drought in in-vitro condition, PEG in four level ( 0, 15, 30 and 60 gr/lit) and abscisic acid in four level (0, 1, 10 and 30 μM) in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement, with five replication accomplished in tissue culture laboratory in Mohaghegh Ardabili University. In doring test measure indicators such as morphological, proline and secondary metabolit. The results show that replication effects of PEG and ABA significantly (P≤0.01) affected on the measure indicators. With due attention to data average companison with increase drought stress, growing planted had drecress, and low concentration ABA (1 and 10 μM) than to high concentration...

Journal of Plant Process and Function, 2020

Olive tree is one of the most important oleaginous crops in the world, and known for having large... more Olive tree is one of the most important oleaginous crops in the world, and known for having large genetic variability. Application of molecular markers is a suitable tool to investigate the genetic pool in crops. Therefore, in the current study 29 olive cultivars were tested by ten primers constituted by inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR). Plant materials were obtained from the collection of Tarom Agricultural Research Center in 2015. Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh leaves of 29 cultivars by a modified CTAB method. Ten ISSR primers were used and obtained data were scored. An analysis of primer informativeness showed that all primers were productive and effective in separating olive cultivars. Nevertheless, some of them were more effective such as UBC 855 and UBC 825 primers. According to cluster analysis and genetic distance, the olive cultivars were separated into three major clusters. Majority of the cultivars from southern and central Mediterranean such as; Italian, Spanis...

This study was to evaluate the effect of three rootstocks MM111, MM106 and M9 on vegetative growt... more This study was to evaluate the effect of three rootstocks MM111, MM106 and M9 on vegetative growth and reproductive traits apple varieties, Gala, Golab Esfahan and Golab Kohanz of the agricultural research center located ten kilometers Meshgin was done. To perform this experiment as factorial in a randomized complete block 54 Grafted trees in nine treatments and three replications and two trees were used in each iteration. Treatments consisted of three rootstocks MM111, MM106 and M9 and apple varieties including Gala, Golab Esfahan and Golab Kohanz of the figures were transplanted on the rootstocks. All uniform and two-year-old trees that were planted at intervals of 2.5 × 3 meters. Horticultural operations including irrigation and fertilization programs, and other factors within your control is applied uniformly about it. Factors that were included in the test since the beginning of fruiting, flowering time, when all the flowers, the opening buds, leaves and branches during the cur...

Study was conducted to investigate the effects of various concentrations of abscisic acid ((0, 50... more Study was conducted to investigate the effects of various concentrations of abscisic acid ((0, 50, 100 and 200 μM)) and putrescine (0, 50, 100 and 200 μM) at different temperatures (0, 5 and 24±2 °C) on regeneration and growth of tuberose flower (Polianthes tuberosa), in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement with 4 replications in tissue culture laboratory of Horticulture Department in Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2013-2014. The results of experiment revealed that at low temperature, all morphological traits including plant height, leaf and root length, root and leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll quantity, fresh weight significantly reduced and showed no growth at 0°C. Moreover, different temperature significantly (P≤0.01) affected soluble sugar, proline and ion leakage. The results of experiment indicated that proline contents and soluble sugar in plants treated with 0 and 5°C temperatures, significantly increased. The result indicated that ABA at rate of 1...

Introduction: Lily is often described as one of the most widespread, commercial crops in the flor... more Introduction: Lily is often described as one of the most widespread, commercial crops in the floriculture industry. Commercially grown cultivars are mostly propagated by bulb scales which it cost effective and uniformity in tissue culture conditions. Plant tissue culture techniques can effectively provide far-reaching implications in micro-propagation. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of various concentrations of cytokines and auxins on callogenesis and Biomass under in vitro conditions. In this experiment, the evaluations were aimed at measuring different characteristics in two lily cultivars, namely, Lilium ledebourii and Lilium regal. Results: The results showed significant values in all of the measured characteristics. The highest percentage of callogenesis was caused by 2 µm PIC plus 1 µm KIN in L. ledebourii (88.66%) and L. regal (88.66%). Also, the callus weight in both cultivars was obtained by applying the same combination of treat...

Evening primrose (Oenothera spp) is an ornamental plant from Onagraceae family. Next to the ornam... more Evening primrose (Oenothera spp) is an ornamental plant from Onagraceae family. Next to the ornamental, it has also medicinal properties, So that leaves evening Primrose had numerous phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties. In order to evaluate the effect of treatments Thidiazuron and silver compounds (Thiosulfate and Nanosilver) on secondary metabolites and morphological traits in tissue culture, the experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design and factorial in Mohaghegh Ardabili University. In this experiment treatments were in five levels (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 µm). The results shown that, Thidiazuron treatment had significant effect on phytochemical parameters such as, the intensity of the absorption of flavonoids in 270 nm, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll as well as anthocyanin content at 5% and phenols content at 1% .Thidiazuron 20 µm had the greatest amount of phenol (232.42 µg/gFw) between treatments. Thiosulfate treatment had significant ...

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 2020

Drought stress is an important environmental stress that clearly affect biological systems of pla... more Drought stress is an important environmental stress that clearly affect biological systems of plants. There is a possibility that growth regulators are able to protect plants under drought conditions. Ascorbic acid (AsA) plays a particular role on growth of plants and protects cells from oxidative damage caused by environmental stresses. This study emphasized the impacts of AsA on improving the drought tolerance of the pepper plants. Based on a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design, the experiment had two factors. The first factor was drought: irrigation within the field capacity, moderate stress (irrigation within the 60% field capacity) and severe stress (irrigation within the 30% field capacity). The second factor was AsA: 0 mM sprayed with distilled water, 0.5 mM and 1 mM. The experiment had three replications. Drought stress inhibited plant growth parameters including fruit number, height, weight, yield, chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid contents, it caused improvement in activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), proline content, anthocyanins, soluble sugars, malondialdehyde (MDA) and H 2 O 2 in the leaves of sweet pepper. Application of AsA contributes to an increase in antioxidant enzymes activity such as SOD, CAT, POD and proline contents, chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, soluble carbohydrates. However, it reduced the content of anthocyanins, MDA and H 2 O 2. Based on this study, it can be suggested that ascorbic acid adjusted antioxidant activity, especially after it has been subjected to drought stress.

The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2016

abstract Almond [Prunus amygdalus Batsch syn. Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb] trees are either se... more abstract Almond [Prunus amygdalus Batsch syn. Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb] trees are either self- or cross-incompatible, which results in lower fruit set and yields. Flower bagging, fluorescence microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to discriminate between self-compatible genotypes obtained from crosses of the self-incompatible female parents (‘121’ and ‘4’) with the self-compatible male parent (‘Tuono’). This study was performed on 80 almond genotypes. The results of this study showed that, in the first cross (‘121’ × ‘Tuono’), genotypes 5, 11, 13, 14, 17, 20, 27, 29, 31, 35, and 38 were identified as being self-compatible and, in the second cross (‘4’ × ‘Tuono’), genotypes 1, 2, 10, 11, 12, 15, 21, 23, 25, 32, 37, 38, and 40 were found to be self-compatible. There were some promising genotypes based on self-compatibility and nut and kernel characteristics; for example, genotype 40 had the highest mean fruit and kernel weights at 2.9 and 1.3 g, respectively. PCR can be used to identify self-compatible genotypes at the juvenile stage. Flower bagging under favourable climatic conditions not only discriminated between self-compatible almond genotypes, but can also be used to measure fruit set percentages. Flower bagging and fluorescence microscopy can be used to determine the level of self-incompatibility. Fluorescence microscopy identified self-incompatible genotypes, even under unfavourable conditions. In general, a combination of all three methods is recommended to increase the accuracy of detecting self-compatible genotypes of almond.

Dog Rose is one of the most important species in Rosaceae family used as a medicinal plant and a ... more Dog Rose is one of the most important species in Rosaceae family used as a medicinal plant and a rootstock for ornamental roses. This species is native to Iran, therefore, identification of indigenous genotypes of this species is important for genetic preservation or breeding purposes. Genetic diversity estimation of plant materials is one of the important pre-breeding activities in breeding crops. In this study, genetic variation of 23 genotypes of R. canina was investigated using fifteen ISSR markers. The genotypes were collected from three regions of Ardabil province (Namin, Nir and Khalkhal). The results showed that all primers generated clear and consistent polymorphic bands (77% polymorphism) but, ISSR-15 revealed a high numbers of polymorphic bands and was superior to other markers. Also, the ISSR-15 produced the highest number of polymorphic bands with seven scorable bands, while the UBC-823 and UBC-825 markers had the least number of bands (3 bands). The clustering pattern ...

Plant Process and Function (in Persian)

Evening primrose (Oenothera spp) is an ornamental plant from Onagraceae family. And has also medi... more Evening primrose (Oenothera spp) is an ornamental plant from Onagraceae family. And has also medicinal properties. Secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds, are important in this plant. Therefore, leaves of evening Primrose has numerous phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties. Adding some of the compounds to the culture medium increases the production of secondary metabolites, including Thidiazuron (TDZ) with cytokine activity and Silver Thiosulfate (STS) with strong ethylene and antibacterial properties. In this experiment, the effect of TDZ treatments and STS in five levels (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 μm) on morphological and phytochemical characteristics (chlorophylls and carotenoids, flavonoids, phenols and anthocyanins) were measured. The results showed that TDZ treatment was significant on morphological traits such as number of leaves, plant, stem and root weight, stem size, total dry weight, leaf and stem dry weight at 1% level. Also, different concentrations of STS treatment had a significant effect on some parameters such as root weight, stem size, leaf area and width and length of leaf, stem dry weight and
root dry weight at 1% level. The results shown that, TDZ and STS had the greatest effect on the amount of phenol and chlorophyll content, which was also significant at 1% level. According to the results, TDZ 20 μm had the greatest amount of phenol (14.93 μg/gFW). The results showed that with increasing concentration TDZ, the amount of phenols increased and it enhanced antioxidant properties. Also, the highest chlorophyll a was observed in 20 μm STS (10.43 mg/gFW). Finaly, the results shown that TDZ and STS treatments had good effect on increasing total phenol.

Almond [Prunus amygdalus Batsch syn. Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb] trees are either self- or cr... more Almond [Prunus amygdalus Batsch syn. Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb] trees are either self- or cross-incompatible, which results in lower fruit set and yields. Flower bagging, fluorescence microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to discriminate between selfcompatible genotypes obtained from crosses of the self-incompatible female parents (‘121’ and ‘4’) with the self-compatible male parent (‘Tuono’). This study was performed on 80 almond genotypes. The results of this study showed that, in the first cross (‘121’ × ‘Tuono’), genotypes 5, 11, 13, 14, 17, 20, 27, 29, 31, 35, and 38 were identified as being self-compatible and, in the second cross (‘4’ × ‘Tuono’), genotypes 1, 2, 10, 11, 12, 15, 21, 23, 25, 32, 37, 38,and 40 were found to be self-compatible. There were some promising genotypes based on self-compatibility and nut and kernel characteristics; for example, genotype 40 had the highest mean fruit and kernel weights at 2.9 and 1.3 g, respectively. PCR can be used to identify self-compatible genotypes at the juvenile stage. Flower bagging under favourable climatic conditions not only discriminated between self-compatible almond genotypes, but can also be used to measure fruit set percentages. Flower bagging and fluorescence microscopy can be used to determine the level of self-incompatibility. Fluorescence microscopy identified self-incompatible genotypes, even under unfavourable conditions. In general, a combination of all three methods is recommended to increase the accuracy of detecting selfcompatible genotypes of almond.

IRANIAN JOURNAL of GENETICS and PLANT BREEDING, 2019

Dog rose is one of the most important species in Rosaceae family used as a medicinal plant and a... more Dog rose is one of the most important species in Rosaceae family used as a medicinal plant and a rootstock for ornamental roses. This species is native to Iran, therefore, identification of indigenous genotypes of this species is important for genetic preservation or breeding purposes. Genetic diversity estimation of plant materials is one of the important pre-breeding activities in breeding crops. In this study, genetic variation of 23 genotypes of R. canina was investigated using fifteen ISSR markers. The genotypes were collected from three regions of Ardabil province (Namin, Nir and Khalkhal). The results showed that all primers generated clear and consistent polymorphic bands (77% polymorphism) but, ISSR-15 revealed a high numbers of polymorphic bands and was superior to other markers. Also, the ISSR-15 produced the highest number of polymorphic bands with seven scorable bands, while the UBC-823 and UBC-825 markers had the least number of bands (3 bands). The clustering pattern of genotypes was related to geographic regions. The genotypes from Khalkhal region were separated from other genotypes (Nir and Namin genotypes) in cluster analysis. The results of the current study indicated that the ISSR markers separated genotypes based on geographic region. The best way to select parents is to use genotypes with high genetic distances. Therefore, we determined the genetic distance among genotypes. According to the results, ISSR is an efficient marker system that can provide excellent information among R. canina genotypes. Finally, the obtained results indicated that the R. canina genotypes investigated in this research have a wide genetic diversity.