Olwen Bedford | University of Macau (original) (raw)
Papers by Olwen Bedford
Mr. Lai Yoke Yong (YY) is currently the head of incubation development in NTU Ventures. He has ov... more Mr. Lai Yoke Yong (YY) is currently the head of incubation development in NTU Ventures. He has over 15 years working experiences in Technology, Media, Telecommunications (TMT) sector, including 5 years in funding the SMEs, start-ups and projects. He graduated with Bachelor of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, and later completed his Master of Science and MBA. He is passionate about working with entrepreneurs to build game changing companies.
The Oxford Handbook of Moral Development, 2020
Filial piety has served as a guiding principle of Chinese patterns of moral socialization for mil... more Filial piety has served as a guiding principle of Chinese patterns of moral socialization for millennia. However, interpretation of the values and behaviors emphasized by filial beliefs has evolved with sociopolitical demands. In this chapter, the authors first review the foundations of filial piety in Chinese culture and discuss the connection with relational identity and Confucian ethics. Next, the authors focus on the psychology of filial piety and examine the ways in which filial piety is enacted in modern Chinese societies. They use the case of elder care to demonstrate how indigenous psychological research and tools can allow governments to coordinate with local values and beliefs in developing effective social policy, and they indicate how insights from the dual filial piety model may be used by education and counseling professionals to address important social issues.
How to capture the role of culture in individual behavior is a difficult question, in part becaus... more How to capture the role of culture in individual behavior is a difficult question, in part because it is often embedded in the research approach. Many researchers have stressed the entrenched ethnocentrism of mainstream psychology approaches. In response, some Chinese scholars have turned to sociology theories to create a relation-centered approach for investigating the psychology of Confucian societies. Scholars in Asia recently have proposed a theoretical model of psychological functioning in Chinese societies that encompasses the individual's sociocultural environment, which they labeled the relational orientation framework (ROF). The ROF is comprised of a structural-relational factor grounded in sociological structuration theory with five dimensions that shape the individual's position in the social network, and a relational agency factor based on social exchange theory with four dimensions that capture the individual's orientation to exchange aspects of relationship...
Frontiers in psychology, 2017
Emotion regulation (ER) strategies have a clear impact on mental health outcomes. In 2 studies (N... more Emotion regulation (ER) strategies have a clear impact on mental health outcomes. In 2 studies (N = 695, N = 433) we investigated gender differences in the use of 2 ER strategies (reappraisal and suppression) to handle parent-child conflict in Taiwanese adolescents. We also identified the implications of these differences for some negative emotions (self-blame and resentment) and internalizing problems (psychosomatic symptoms and social withdrawal). Results of the correlation analyses in both studies indicated that reappraisal and suppression ER strategies are positively correlated only in male Taiwanese adolescents. Hierarchical regression analyses in the second study confirmed that reappraisal buffers male but not female adolescents against the negative effects of suppression on the arousal of negative affect and internalizing problems.
Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 2012
Our main purpose in this study was to develop a sports fan ethnocentrism (SFE) scale and test whe... more Our main purpose in this study was to develop a sports fan ethnocentrism (SFE) scale and test whether or not SFE impacts sports viewing motivations and behaviors. First, 3 rounds of the Delphi technique (Gupta & Clarke, 1996) were applied to develop items for the scale. Then, using quota sampling by region, gender, and age we obtained 900 valid surveys from Major League Baseball (MLB) viewers in Taiwan. We then conducted structural equation modeling with viewing time and motivations to confirm construct validity. The characteristics of Taiwanese SFE were found to be as follows: a) SFE is a positive common value in spectator sports that support local athletes; b) Taiwanese MLB viewers generally possess SFE; and c) SFE had an indirect impact on viewing behavior via interest in sports. The results illustrated positive aspects of SFE and suggest that fans may support their own team without feeling hostility toward those from other countries.
Journal of Vocational Behavior, 2012
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2014
Three dimensions of subordinate–supervisor relations (affective attachment, deference to supervis... more Three dimensions of subordinate–supervisor relations (affective attachment, deference to supervisor, and personal-life inclusion) that had been found by Y. Chen, Friedman, Yu, Fang, and Lu to be characteristic of a guanxi relationship between subordinates and their supervisors in China were surveyed in Taiwan, Singapore, and six non-Chinese cultural contexts. The Affective Attachment and Deference subscales demonstrated full metric invariance whereas the Personal-Life Inclusion subscale was found to have partial metric invariance across all eight samples. Structural equation modeling revealed that the affective attachment dimension had a cross-nationally invariant positive relationship to affective organizational commitment and a negative relationship to turnover intention. The deference to the supervisor dimension had invariant positive relationships with both affective and normative organizational commitment. The personal-life inclusion dimension was unrelated to all outcomes. The...
American Behavioral Scientist, 2009
This article offers an integrated theoretical and policy-oriented framework for cross-cultural co... more This article offers an integrated theoretical and policy-oriented framework for cross-cultural conflict resolution by exploring relationships among conflict resolution styles and crisis communicative strategies with emphasis on both conflict structure and cross-cultural factors. Using the Hainan negotiation between China and the United States as a case study, the factors inherent in conflict are investigated with respect to Chinese cultural characteristics. The congruence of the Chinese context with integrative conflict management is explored. The analysis indicated that the use of mediators and consideration of renqing (favor) and mianzi (face), which are central resources in Chinese interpersonal interactions, are likely to contribute to an integrative conflict solution.
American Behavioral Scientist, 2009
This article offers an integrated theoretical and policy-oriented framework for cross-cultural co... more This article offers an integrated theoretical and policy-oriented framework for cross-cultural conflict resolution by exploring relationships among conflict resolution styles and crisis communicative strategies with emphasis on both conflict structure and cross-cultural factors. Using the Hainan negotiation between China and the United States as a case study, the factors inherent in conflict are investigated with respect to Chinese cultural characteristics. The congruence of the Chinese context with integrative conflict management is explored. The analysis indicated that the use of mediators and consideration of renqing (favor) and mianzi (face), which are central resources in Chinese interpersonal interactions, are likely to contribute to an integrative conflict solution.
Culture & Psychology, 2017
Individualist and collectivist cultural frameworks have been the dominant research paradigm in cr... more Individualist and collectivist cultural frameworks have been the dominant research paradigm in cross-cultural studies despite evidence of conceptual and measurement problems with collectivism. We propose a new theoretical framework of psychological functioning in Chinese societies that captures some of the useful elements of collectivism without its drawbacks. The relational orientation framework takes into account the variety of relations in an individual’s social and cultural environment. The model comprises a structural–relational factor grounded in sociological structuration theory and relational orientation characteristics, and a rational–relational factor that captures important aspects of agency based on social exchange theory. We discuss the framework’s role in providing an alternative to methodological individualism for research in Chinese societies.
Culture & Psychology, Feb 13, 2017
Kiasuism (fear of losing out) is a prominent cultural trait of Singapore that encompasses greed, ... more Kiasuism (fear of losing out) is a prominent cultural trait of Singapore that encompasses greed, selfishness, and inconsiderate behavior. It contributes to social problems in education and entrepreneurship. Despite its pervasiveness and negative impact, kiasuism is not well understood. The three studies that have tried to conceptualize it offer conflicting conclusions about its properties. The two existing measures focus exclusively on behavior while neglecting motivation. Inconsistencies in the conceptualization and operationalization of kiasuism warrant a fresh exploration of the construct. Our analysis of qualitative interviews with 36 Singaporean undergraduates provided a clearer understanding of kiasuism by identifying cognitive aspects in addition to behavior. Our results suggest that kiasuism is a single dimension with a range of outcomes, and the motivation for a behavior is the key to determining whether it is kiasu. Our research provides a foundation for a variety of directions for future research, both theoretical and practical.
Journal of Business and Psychology, 2021
Mr. Lai Yoke Yong (YY) is currently the head of incubation development in NTU Ventures. He has ov... more Mr. Lai Yoke Yong (YY) is currently the head of incubation development in NTU Ventures. He has over 15 years working experiences in Technology, Media, Telecommunications (TMT) sector, including 5 years in funding the SMEs, start-ups and projects. He graduated with Bachelor of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, and later completed his Master of Science and MBA. He is passionate about working with entrepreneurs to build game changing companies.
The Oxford Handbook of Moral Development, 2020
Filial piety has served as a guiding principle of Chinese patterns of moral socialization for mil... more Filial piety has served as a guiding principle of Chinese patterns of moral socialization for millennia. However, interpretation of the values and behaviors emphasized by filial beliefs has evolved with sociopolitical demands. In this chapter, the authors first review the foundations of filial piety in Chinese culture and discuss the connection with relational identity and Confucian ethics. Next, the authors focus on the psychology of filial piety and examine the ways in which filial piety is enacted in modern Chinese societies. They use the case of elder care to demonstrate how indigenous psychological research and tools can allow governments to coordinate with local values and beliefs in developing effective social policy, and they indicate how insights from the dual filial piety model may be used by education and counseling professionals to address important social issues.
How to capture the role of culture in individual behavior is a difficult question, in part becaus... more How to capture the role of culture in individual behavior is a difficult question, in part because it is often embedded in the research approach. Many researchers have stressed the entrenched ethnocentrism of mainstream psychology approaches. In response, some Chinese scholars have turned to sociology theories to create a relation-centered approach for investigating the psychology of Confucian societies. Scholars in Asia recently have proposed a theoretical model of psychological functioning in Chinese societies that encompasses the individual's sociocultural environment, which they labeled the relational orientation framework (ROF). The ROF is comprised of a structural-relational factor grounded in sociological structuration theory with five dimensions that shape the individual's position in the social network, and a relational agency factor based on social exchange theory with four dimensions that capture the individual's orientation to exchange aspects of relationship...
Frontiers in psychology, 2017
Emotion regulation (ER) strategies have a clear impact on mental health outcomes. In 2 studies (N... more Emotion regulation (ER) strategies have a clear impact on mental health outcomes. In 2 studies (N = 695, N = 433) we investigated gender differences in the use of 2 ER strategies (reappraisal and suppression) to handle parent-child conflict in Taiwanese adolescents. We also identified the implications of these differences for some negative emotions (self-blame and resentment) and internalizing problems (psychosomatic symptoms and social withdrawal). Results of the correlation analyses in both studies indicated that reappraisal and suppression ER strategies are positively correlated only in male Taiwanese adolescents. Hierarchical regression analyses in the second study confirmed that reappraisal buffers male but not female adolescents against the negative effects of suppression on the arousal of negative affect and internalizing problems.
Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 2012
Our main purpose in this study was to develop a sports fan ethnocentrism (SFE) scale and test whe... more Our main purpose in this study was to develop a sports fan ethnocentrism (SFE) scale and test whether or not SFE impacts sports viewing motivations and behaviors. First, 3 rounds of the Delphi technique (Gupta & Clarke, 1996) were applied to develop items for the scale. Then, using quota sampling by region, gender, and age we obtained 900 valid surveys from Major League Baseball (MLB) viewers in Taiwan. We then conducted structural equation modeling with viewing time and motivations to confirm construct validity. The characteristics of Taiwanese SFE were found to be as follows: a) SFE is a positive common value in spectator sports that support local athletes; b) Taiwanese MLB viewers generally possess SFE; and c) SFE had an indirect impact on viewing behavior via interest in sports. The results illustrated positive aspects of SFE and suggest that fans may support their own team without feeling hostility toward those from other countries.
Journal of Vocational Behavior, 2012
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2014
Three dimensions of subordinate–supervisor relations (affective attachment, deference to supervis... more Three dimensions of subordinate–supervisor relations (affective attachment, deference to supervisor, and personal-life inclusion) that had been found by Y. Chen, Friedman, Yu, Fang, and Lu to be characteristic of a guanxi relationship between subordinates and their supervisors in China were surveyed in Taiwan, Singapore, and six non-Chinese cultural contexts. The Affective Attachment and Deference subscales demonstrated full metric invariance whereas the Personal-Life Inclusion subscale was found to have partial metric invariance across all eight samples. Structural equation modeling revealed that the affective attachment dimension had a cross-nationally invariant positive relationship to affective organizational commitment and a negative relationship to turnover intention. The deference to the supervisor dimension had invariant positive relationships with both affective and normative organizational commitment. The personal-life inclusion dimension was unrelated to all outcomes. The...
American Behavioral Scientist, 2009
This article offers an integrated theoretical and policy-oriented framework for cross-cultural co... more This article offers an integrated theoretical and policy-oriented framework for cross-cultural conflict resolution by exploring relationships among conflict resolution styles and crisis communicative strategies with emphasis on both conflict structure and cross-cultural factors. Using the Hainan negotiation between China and the United States as a case study, the factors inherent in conflict are investigated with respect to Chinese cultural characteristics. The congruence of the Chinese context with integrative conflict management is explored. The analysis indicated that the use of mediators and consideration of renqing (favor) and mianzi (face), which are central resources in Chinese interpersonal interactions, are likely to contribute to an integrative conflict solution.
American Behavioral Scientist, 2009
This article offers an integrated theoretical and policy-oriented framework for cross-cultural co... more This article offers an integrated theoretical and policy-oriented framework for cross-cultural conflict resolution by exploring relationships among conflict resolution styles and crisis communicative strategies with emphasis on both conflict structure and cross-cultural factors. Using the Hainan negotiation between China and the United States as a case study, the factors inherent in conflict are investigated with respect to Chinese cultural characteristics. The congruence of the Chinese context with integrative conflict management is explored. The analysis indicated that the use of mediators and consideration of renqing (favor) and mianzi (face), which are central resources in Chinese interpersonal interactions, are likely to contribute to an integrative conflict solution.
Culture & Psychology, 2017
Individualist and collectivist cultural frameworks have been the dominant research paradigm in cr... more Individualist and collectivist cultural frameworks have been the dominant research paradigm in cross-cultural studies despite evidence of conceptual and measurement problems with collectivism. We propose a new theoretical framework of psychological functioning in Chinese societies that captures some of the useful elements of collectivism without its drawbacks. The relational orientation framework takes into account the variety of relations in an individual’s social and cultural environment. The model comprises a structural–relational factor grounded in sociological structuration theory and relational orientation characteristics, and a rational–relational factor that captures important aspects of agency based on social exchange theory. We discuss the framework’s role in providing an alternative to methodological individualism for research in Chinese societies.
Culture & Psychology, Feb 13, 2017
Kiasuism (fear of losing out) is a prominent cultural trait of Singapore that encompasses greed, ... more Kiasuism (fear of losing out) is a prominent cultural trait of Singapore that encompasses greed, selfishness, and inconsiderate behavior. It contributes to social problems in education and entrepreneurship. Despite its pervasiveness and negative impact, kiasuism is not well understood. The three studies that have tried to conceptualize it offer conflicting conclusions about its properties. The two existing measures focus exclusively on behavior while neglecting motivation. Inconsistencies in the conceptualization and operationalization of kiasuism warrant a fresh exploration of the construct. Our analysis of qualitative interviews with 36 Singaporean undergraduates provided a clearer understanding of kiasuism by identifying cognitive aspects in addition to behavior. Our results suggest that kiasuism is a single dimension with a range of outcomes, and the motivation for a behavior is the key to determining whether it is kiasu. Our research provides a foundation for a variety of directions for future research, both theoretical and practical.
Journal of Business and Psychology, 2021