Melissa Gross | University of Michigan (original) (raw)

Papers by Melissa Gross

Psychiatry Research-neuroimaging, Nov 1, 2018

The hypomanic group moved faster compared to the euthymic, depressed and healthy groups during ga... more The hypomanic group moved faster compared to the euthymic, depressed and healthy groups during gait and sit-to-walk.  The hypomanic group also produced more force and power compared to the euthymic, depressed and healthy groups during gait and sit-to-walk.  Although this study was based on laboratory-based assessments, our findings suggest that movement speed and force production may serve as activity and energy markers for hypomanic symptoms in bipolar disorder.

Measurement, Mar 1, 2016

We assessed the concurrent validity of commercially available magnetic and inertial measurement u... more We assessed the concurrent validity of commercially available magnetic and inertial measurement units (MIMUs) for estimating mean postural angles for head flexion, thorax flexion and shoulder girdle elevation during gait in seven healthy individuals. Postural angles estimated with the MIMUs were compared with angles calculated using marker data from a gold standard motion capture system. Coefficients of determination of mean postural angles between measurement systems were 0.82 for head flexion, 0.58 for thorax flexion, and 0.77 for shoulder girdle elevation. Bland-Altman analysis showed good agreement between measurement systems. Intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.9 for head flexion, 0.73 for thorax flexion, and 0.87 for shoulder girdle elevation. Root mean square errors were less than 3°between measurement systems for all body segments. The present findings suggest that the MIMUs tested in this study are valid for estimating head flexion, thorax flexion and shoulder girdle elevation during gait.

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2019

METHODS: Young, primarily Hispanic female subjects (N=320), age 9-12 yr., wore accelerometers for... more METHODS: Young, primarily Hispanic female subjects (N=320), age 9-12 yr., wore accelerometers for seven consecutive days. Wear time was classified into sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous activity based on Evenson cut points. Femoral and tibial bone density, content, strength, and architecture were assessed using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Whole body soft tissue composition was measured by DXA. Associations between each bone variable and average daily MVPA were determined using multivariate regression, adjusting for maturity offset, BMI, and ethnicity. RESULTS: Average height, weight, and percent fat were 145.8± 9.6 cm, 44.1± 14.7 kg, and 32.5± 9.8%, respectively. Multiple linear regression resulted in consistently significant (p<0.05) or trends toward significant associations between bone parameters and daily MVPA. Average daily MVPA was 22.3± 63.1 minutes. Femur 20% periosteal circumference, strength-strain index (SSI), 4% tibia average bone strength index, average periosteal circumference, average cortical thickness, and 66% tibia cortical content, periosteal circumference, and SSI all had significant associations with average daily minutes of MVPA, while other pQCT measures approached significance. The variance explained by MVPA ranged from approximately 0% to 4.8%. Together, BMI, maturity offset, and ethnicity explained 2.6% to 70.2% of the variance in the models. CONCLUSION: There is a significant positive relationship between average daily MVPA levels and bone content and strength in Hispanic girls. Physical activity interventions could lead to enhanced bone development and strength, as shown in non-Hispanic populations. Sponsored by: NIH Grant 5R01HD074565-05

The Endocrine Society's 93rd Annual Meeting & Expo, June 4–7, 2011 - Boston, 2011

The FASEB Journal, Apr 1, 2017

BACKGROUNDFor centuries, active learning of anatomy has involved dissection of human cadavers, bu... more BACKGROUNDFor centuries, active learning of anatomy has involved dissection of human cadavers, but access to this experience is limited, especially for undergraduate students. Today, new technology...

Journal of Biomechanics, Dec 1, 2016

This study aimed to investigate the effect of emotion on movement smoothness during gait. We foll... more This study aimed to investigate the effect of emotion on movement smoothness during gait. We followed an autobiographical memories paradigm to induce four target emotions, neutral emotion, sadness, anger and joy, in eighteen healthy young adults. Participants performed gait trials while feeling the target emotions. We collected gait data using an eight-camera optoelectronic motion capture system. We measured spatiotemporal gait parameters, smoothness of linear movements for the whole body centerof-mass (COM), head, thorax and pelvis in the anterior-posterior (AP), vertical (VT) and mediolateral (ML) directions, and smoothness of angular movements in the sagittal plane for the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle. Movement smoothness was measured as jerk, the first time derivative to acceleration, normalized to movement distance and stride time. Compared to sadness, gait speed increased with anger and joy, and spatiotemporal parameters associated with increased gait speed changed accordingly. In the VT direction, movement smoothness in the whole body COM, head, thorax and pelvis increased for anger and joy compared to sadness. In the AP direction, movement smoothness increased only for the head for neutral emotion, anger and joy compared to sadness. In the ML direction, emotion did not affect movement smoothness. In angular movements, smoothness in the hip and ankle increased for anger compared to sadness. Smoothness in the shoulder increased for anger and joy compared to sadness. The present findings suggest that emotion affects movement smoothness during gait, and that anger and joy are associated with increased movement smoothness.

Journal of Clinical Densitometry, Jul 1, 2009

International Journal of Health Professions

Introduction Early health profession learners hold stereotypes about their own and other professi... more Introduction Early health profession learners hold stereotypes about their own and other professions. Socialising students through interprofessional education (IPE) early in their training facilitates the development of their beliefs and values surrounding their professional and interprofessional identities. This study evaluates the effect of a 3-week, virtual IPE intervention in early health professional learners. Methods Students reflected on their functioning as an interprofessional team through discussion and written prompts which were coded by two faculty members for themes and trends. Exposure to developing an interprofessional identity and socialisation within an IPE team were measured through pre- and post-intervention surveys containing the Interprofessional Socialisation and Valuing Scale (ISVS). Results Students increased their positive attitudes towards IPE from pre- to post-intervention module as well as socialisation and readiness across all ISVS subscales: self-percep...

Journal of Biomechanics, 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate balance control during gait and sit-to-walk in individua... more The aim of this study was to investigate balance control during gait and sit-to-walk in individuals with bipolar disorder and healthy controls by examining the inclination angles between the whole-body center-of-mass (COM) and ankle in the sagittal plane. Twenty-one individuals with bipolar disorder in the euthymic (i.e., asymptomatic; n = 11) and depressed (n = 10) phases and 7 healthy controls (ages between 18 and 45) performed gait and sit-to-walk at self-selected comfortable speed. Mood phases for individuals with bipolar disorder were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire and Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale. We collected motion data using a 16-camera motion capture technology. We found smaller COM-ankle inclination angles at seat-off during sit-to-walk for the bipolar-depressed group compared to the bipolar-euthymic and healthy groups, indicating poorly controlled balance for the bipolar-depressed group in sit-to-walk. However, we found larger COM-ankle inclination angles at beginning of single stance phase of gait for the bipolar-euthymic group compared to the healthy group, indicating well controlled balance for the bipolar-euthymic group in gait. Our results suggest an association between the depressed phase and balance impairment during daily movements in relatively young adults (ages 45 years). Our results also suggest that the depressed phase may be as detrimental to balance control as the effect of age-related neuromuscular weakness.

Journal of allied health, 2021

AIMS As integration of interprofessional education (IPE) events gains traction in health sciences... more AIMS As integration of interprofessional education (IPE) events gains traction in health sciences, there is an increased need to recruit and train faculty to facilitate student groups from multiple health care disciplines. This report describes a framework used to effectively recruit and prepare faculty as facilitators for a large-scale, one-time IPE event. We detail recruitment strategies, training tools, facilitators' perceptions about the training, and recommendations for future training. PROCEDURES Faculty were recruited via email to facilitate an IPE student group of 8-10 learners for an in-person, one-time event. Before the event, faculty facilitators received a Welcome Video and Guidebook providing a description of their role, best practices of facilitation, and scripts. On the event day, facilitators engaged in a face-to-face session to familiarize themselves with the Guidebook and best practices. After the event, facilitators received an email to thank them and invite t...

Kinesiology Review

Pedagogical strategies continue to improve and evolve with the primary purpose of preparing learn... more Pedagogical strategies continue to improve and evolve with the primary purpose of preparing learners for life and career challenges. The focus on discipline-specific content and individual assessment has dominated higher education practice, including those in kinesiology. Although there is a clear vision to enhance diversity, equity, and inclusion in kinesiology curricula, we also need to improve important foundational skills (e.g., quantitative literacy, information literacy, teamwork skills) that our students need to succeed in our programs and beyond. Our narrative review highlights how we tackled these two challenges in an intentional redesign of our foundational kinesiology course. In addition, we outline how we integrated our siloed content and moved to coinstruction of a large, team-based-learning class that employs a diverse set of learning assessments and is supported by near-peer learning assistants.

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 2001

Background. Difficulty in rising from a chair is common in older adults and may be assessed by ex... more Background. Difficulty in rising from a chair is common in older adults and may be assessed by examining the biomechanics of the rise. The purposes of this study were (i) to analyze the biomechanics of rise performance during chairrise tasks with varying task demand in older adults with varying rise ability and (ii) to determine whether a strengthtraining program might improve chair-rise success and alter chair-rise biomechanics, particularly under situations of increased task demand. Methods. A training group (n ϭ 16; mean age, 82 years) completed a 12-week strength-training regimen while a control group (n ϭ 14; mean age, 84 years) participated in a seated flexibility program. Outcomes included the ability to complete seven chair-rise tasks, and, if the chair-rise tasks were successful, the biomechanics of these rises. Chair-rise task demand was increased by lowering the seat height, restricting the use of hands, increasing rise speed, and limiting foot support. Results. At baseline, increased chair-rise task demand generally required increased task completion time, increased anterior center of pressure (COP) placement, increased momentum, increased hip flexion, and increased hip and knee torque output. Those unable to rise at 100% knee height without the use of their hands (task NH-100), compared with those able to rise during task NH-100, followed this pattern in requiring increased time, more anterior placement of the COP, and increased hip flexion to rise in the least demanding tasks allowing the use of hands. However, the unable subjects generated less momentum and knee torque in these tasks. At 12 weeks, and compared with baseline and controls, the training group demonstrated changes in chair-rise biomechanics but no significant changes in rise success. The training subjects, as compared with the controls, maintained a more posterior COP, increased their vertical and horizontal momentum, maintained their knees in greater extension, and maintained their knee-torque output. Conclusions. These data demonstrate that subtle yet significant changes can be demonstrated in chair-rise performance as a result of a controlled resistance-training program. These biomechanical changes may represent a shift away from impairment in chair-rise ability, and, although the changes are small, they represent how training may reduce rise difficulty.

Biological Psychiatry, 2018

Background: Quantitative information about the association between mood symptoms and motor behavi... more Background: Quantitative information about the association between mood symptoms and motor behavior in bipolar patients (BP) is very limited. We investigated activity-and energyrelated gait variables in BP and healthy controls (HC) at baseline and 6-month follow-up sessions. Methods: We analyzed baseline data from 31 BP (5 hypomanic; 14 euthymic; 12 depressed) and 14 HC, and longitudinal data from 24 BP and 13 HC. We assessed mood symptoms using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale (ASRM), and gait using an optoelectronic motion capture system and force platforms. Results: Gait speed (m/s), and peak braking and vertical forces (fraction of body weight) were greater for hypomanic BP (mean±SD¼1.48±0.

The Angle Orthodontist

Reliable methods of quantifying functional impairment of the craniofacial region are sorely lacki... more Reliable methods of quantifying functional impairment of the craniofacial region are sorely lacking. The purpose of this study was to test the reliability of a three-dimensional method for assessing the functional repertoire of the face. Subjects were instructed to perform repeated sequences of five maximal facial animations. Facial motions were captured by three 60-Hz video cameras, and three-dimensional maximum motion amplitudes were calculated. Student's t-test and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were used to test for significant differences between repetitions. The results show moderate to excellent reliability of the amplitude of motion for the landmarks over all animations. For each specific animation, certain landmarks demonstrated excellent reliability of motion.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2009

Quantitative models of whole body expressive movement can be developed by combining methods form ... more Quantitative models of whole body expressive movement can be developed by combining methods form biomechanics, psychology, and statistics. The purpose of this paper was to use motion capture data to assess emotion-related gait kinematics of hip and shoulder sagittal plane movement to evaluate the feasibility of using functional data analysis (FDA) for developing quantitative models. Overall, FDA was an effective method for comparing gait waveforms and emotion-related kinematics were associated with emotion arousal level.

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 1995

ABSTRACT

Journal of Biomechanics, 1994

American Journal of Epidemiology, 2006

In 2000, body composition, x-ray-defined knee osteoarthritis, and self-reported knee pain informa... more In 2000, body composition, x-ray-defined knee osteoarthritis, and self-reported knee pain information from a cross-sectional, community-based study of 211 African-American and 669 Caucasian women in southeast Michigan (mean age, 47 years) was related to performance-based physical functioning measures to characterize development of functional limitations. Body composition was assessed with bioelectrical impedance. Functioning measures were gait assessment, timed walk, timed stair climb with and without videography, and isometric quadriceps strength. Knee osteoarthritis was determined by Kellgren-Lawrence score from radiography, whereas knee pain was self-reported. Almost 31% of mid-aged women walked at functionally inadequate speeds, and over 12% walked at speeds considered typical of frailty in older women. Ten percent of women had skeletal muscle mass levels less than a proposed cutpoint for increased physical disability risk in older adults. Gait measures correlates included increasing age, increasing fat mass (in kilograms), knee joint pain, and reduced quadriceps strength. Stair climbing correlates included skeletal muscle mass (in kilograms) and its change, painful knee osteoarthritis, and reduced quadriceps strength. Race differences in walking measures and stair climbing time diminished when the authors accounted for other factors. Compromised physical functioning began earlier than expected, with indications that approximately 12-31% of women might benefit from interventions to forestall future decline.

Proceedins of the Fourth International Conference on Learning Analytics And Knowledge - LAK '14, 2014

Research on benefits of visual learning has relied primarily on lecture-based pedagogy, not accou... more Research on benefits of visual learning has relied primarily on lecture-based pedagogy, not accounting for the processing time students need to make sense of both visual and verbal material[1]. In this study, we investigate the potential differential effects of text-based and image-based student learning activities on student learning outcomes in a functional anatomy course. When controlling for demographics and prior GPA, participation in in-class image-based activities is significantly correlated with performance on associated exam questions, while text-based engagement is not. Additionally, students rated activities as helpful for seeing images of key ideas and as being significantly less mentally taxing than textbased activities.

Anatomical sciences education, Jan 7, 2017

Research on the benefits of visual learning has relied primarily on lecture-based pedagogy, but t... more Research on the benefits of visual learning has relied primarily on lecture-based pedagogy, but the potential benefits of combining active learning strategies with visual and verbal materials on learning anatomy has not yet been explored. In this study, the differential effects of text-based and image-based active learning exercises on examination performance were investigated in a functional anatomy course. Each class session was punctuated with an average of 12 text-based and image-based active learning exercises. Participation data from 231 students were compared with their examination performance on 262 questions associated with the in-class exercises. Students also rated the helpfulness and difficulty of the in-class exercises on a survey. Participation in the active learning exercises was positively correlated with examination performance (r = 0.63, P < 0.001). When controlling for other key demographics (gender, underrepresented minority status) and prior grade point avera...