Belizza Janet Ruiz-Mendoza | Universidad Nacional de Colombia (National University of Colombia) (original) (raw)
Papers by Belizza Janet Ruiz-Mendoza
Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, Dec 26, 2022
Correlación energética entre la radiación solar global y la velocidad del viento en el Caribe colombiano, 2021
Introduction-Nearly 69.18% of Colombian electric matrix (2018) depends on hydraulic resources, wh... more Introduction-Nearly 69.18% of Colombian electric matrix (2018) depends on hydraulic resources, which make it vulnerable to rainfall shortage periods, impacting on high energy prices and increasing greenhouse gas emissions due to incorporation of fossil fuel, since these sources contribute with 26.36% to the energy matrix. This led to take actions to expand the participation of Non-Conventional Renewable Energy Sources (NCRES), based on the potential of the different regions where energy sources such as wind, solar and biomass stand out. For large-scale energy production, wind energy and solar energy have great potential in the Caribbean Region; thus, this work intends to assess the wind and solar resources of this region to identify and establish reverse correlation behaviors between them, in order to guarantee that the participation of these energies will maintain the sustainability of the energy matrix by incorporating these energy sources.
A multicriteria methodology for prioritisation of social projects and community participation: Nariño study case, 2021
Analysing jointly communities and projects requires address energy projects from a socio-technica... more Analysing jointly communities and projects requires address energy projects from a socio-technical view. Including communities in the development of projects requires a better understanding of their social, economic, environmental, and cultural affairs. Consequently, this work focuses on a methodological formulation to prioritise energy projects considering community participation. The community evaluation considered the Human Development Index and Sustainable Development Goals and adjusted them according to the information available, and the project evaluation uses the Net Present Value. The Analytic Hierarchy Process evaluates communities and projects jointly and establishes prioritisation objectives. Moreover, the co-construction methodology is the basis to formulate guidelines for community work. This research found a close relationship between the projects for improving life quality and education in Nariño.
Mapping of solar insolation using air temperature in tropical and mountainous environments, 2023
Solar energy potential maps facilitate the process of making decisions regarding the installation... more Solar energy potential maps facilitate the process of making decisions regarding the installation of photovoltaic solar energy systems. However, the lack of recorded in-situ solar irradiance information hinders decision-making in this field of study. Therefore, in this study, the number of solar irradiance sample points was increased, using temperature-based empirical models such as that from Hargreaves and Samani and a new approach based on the logistic model, and the performance of four spatial interpolation techniques was assessed in tropical and mountainous environments. The analysis concluded that the Hargreaves and Samani model is better for the Pacific zone, whereas the logistic model is better for the Andean and Amazon zones. In addition, the ordinary Kriging method was found to be the best interpolation technique, as it presents a lower bias.
Applied Sciences
Solar irradiance is an available resource that could support electrification in regions that are ... more Solar irradiance is an available resource that could support electrification in regions that are low on socio-economic indices. Therefore, it is increasingly important to understand the behavior of solar irradiance. and data on solar irradiance. Some locations, especially those with a low socio-economic population, do not have measured solar irradiance data, and if such information exists, it is not complete. There are different approaches for estimating solar irradiance, from learning models to empirical models. The latter has the advantage of low computational costs, allowing its wide use. Researchers estimate solar energy resources using information from other meteorological variables, such as temperature. However, there is no broad analysis of these techniques in tropical and mountainous environments. Therefore, in order to address this gap, our research analyzes the performance of three well-known empirical temperature-based models—Hargreaves and Samani, Bristol and Campbell, a...
Accurate mechanisms for forecasting solar irradiance and insolation provide important information... more Accurate mechanisms for forecasting solar irradiance and insolation provide important information for the planning of renewable energy and agriculture projects as well as for environmental and socio-economical studies. This research introduces a pipeline for the one-day ahead forecasting of solar irradiance and insolation that only requires solar irradiance historical data for training. Furthermore, our approach is able to deal with missing data since it includes a data imputation state. In the prediction stage, we consider four data-driven approaches: Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Single Layer Feed Forward Network (SL-FNN), Multiple Layer Feed Forward Network (FL-FNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). The experiments are performed in a real-world dataset collected with 12 Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) located in the Nari\~no - Colombia. The results show that the neural network-based models outperform ARIMA in most cases. Furthermore, LSTM exhibits better pe...
Government programs to encourage renewable electricity production in Brazil are analyzed in order... more Government programs to encourage renewable electricity production in Brazil are analyzed in order to evaluate aims and identify problems in the execution of such programs in order to provide ideas to channel them. In terms of methodology, the analysis is based in a chronologic study of the programs, in order to establish whether or not renewable energy policies have been linked. The paper concludes that already-executed programs and those in progress have deficiencies that hinder the achievement of their goals; therefore diversification policies for renewable energy will not be achieved in the foreseen timeframe. Therefore, certain policy changes are proposed.
Renewable Energy, 2010
Two renewable electricity bills have been proposed in Congress since 2005 in Mexico. The first on... more Two renewable electricity bills have been proposed in Congress since 2005 in Mexico. The first one was rejected by the Senate and the second one was approved by both the House of Representatives and the Senate in October 2008. Our objective is to explain the nature of both bills and to analyze each of them bearing in mind the Mexican electricity sector management scheme. In the Mexican electricity sector single-buyer scheme, the state-owned companies (Comisión Federal de Electricidad and Luz y Fuerza del Centro) are responsible of the public services and the private sector generates electricity under six modalities: self-supply, cogeneration, independent production, small production, export, and import, which are not considered a public service. This scheme has caused controversies related to the constitutionality of the 1992 Power Public Services Law that allowed this scheme to be implemented. Both bills, the rejected one and the approved one, were formulated and based on that controversial law and their objectives are linked precisely more to the controversial issues than to the promotion of renewable electricity technologies; consequently, the gap among environmental, economic and social issues related with sustainability notion is wider.
Renewable Energy, 2008
This paper analyzes the role of renewable energy sources (RES) in the Mexican electricity sector ... more This paper analyzes the role of renewable energy sources (RES) in the Mexican electricity sector in the context of the proposed renewable energy bill currently under consideration in the Mexican Congress. This paper was divided into three parts. The first part presents a chronology of institutional background related to the RES. This is followed by an analysis of the coordination and management system of the Mexican electricity sector, which can facilitate the promotion and integration of the RES without significant structural changes. Finally, the pros and cons of the renewable energy bill are analyzed in order to demonstrate the need for greater coherence between the bill and the coordination system of the sector. It is concluded that when inconsistency is eliminated, RES would strongly be promoted in Mexico. r
Energy Policy, 2012
The authors analyze the Mexican energy policy taking as reference the methodological framework fo... more The authors analyze the Mexican energy policy taking as reference the methodological framework for sustainable energy development proposed by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. This methodology takes eight related indicators to the social, environmental and economic dimensions in order to calculate a general sustainability indicator for the energy sector. In this methodology, the weight of each dimension is different; namely, the social and environmental issues have less relevance than the economic issues. The authors use this methodology because government institutions as the Department of Energy and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources have used some indicators from such a methodology to propose plans, programs, projects and bills. Authors know of the existence of other methodologies about sustainability. Nonetheless, opting for the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean's methodology is convenient because this organization is a respectable authority for civil servants from the Mexican institutions. Our objective is just to contrast the sustainability grade of the energy sector between 1990 and 2008 for Mexico whose government started reforms in the 1990s. It concludes that those reforms did not bring about a higher sustainability level for the energy sector.
Energy Policy, 2006
In this work; five basic elements for the formulation of a policy on renewable energy sources for... more In this work; five basic elements for the formulation of a policy on renewable energy sources for Colombia, are discussed. A balance of the institutions of the energy sector related to the formulation, elaboration and execution of plans, programs and projects on renewable energy sources is carried out. The technology costs that take advantage of such sources are compared and the 967 Law issued in 2001 and its regulatory decree are analyzed. This law promotes the efficient and rational use of energy and also promotes the alternative energies. r
Energy Policy, 2010
This paper analyzes carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions related to energy consumption for electricit... more This paper analyzes carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions related to energy consumption for electricity generation in four Latin-American countries in the context of the liberalization process. From 1990 to 2006, power plants based on renewable energy sources decreased its share in power installed capacity, and the carbon index defined as CO 2 emission by unit of energy for electricity production stayed almost constant for all countries with the exception of Colombia, where the index reduced due to increase in hydroelectricity generation in the last years. The paper also presents a new set of policies to promote renewable energy sources that have been developed in the four countries. The paper concludes that restructuring did not bring about environmental benefits related to a decrease in CO 2 emissions because this depend on the existence of committed policies, and dedicated institutional and regulatory frameworks.
Energy, 2012
Latin America CO 2 emissions Sustainable energy future a b s t r a c t This paper presents an ove... more Latin America CO 2 emissions Sustainable energy future a b s t r a c t This paper presents an overview of energy production and consumption for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The study places special emphasis on CO 2 emissions related to energy use and production and on the lack of modern energy services for millions in the region. Although the contribution of LAC to worldwide energy-related CO 2 emissions is low, it is important to the understand energy trends in LAC and to visualize the opportunities for a low-carbon future for the region while meeting the energy needs for poverty reduction.
Energy, 2011
This study examines the primary energy consumption and energy-related CO 2 emissions in Argentina... more This study examines the primary energy consumption and energy-related CO 2 emissions in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela during the period 1990e2006. It also reviews important reforms in the energy sector of these countries as well as the promotion of energy efficiency (EE) and renewable energy sources (RES). Using a decomposition analysis, results indicate that even though significant reductions in energy intensity have been achieved in Colombia, Mexico and in a lesser extent in Brazil and Argentina, the reduction of CO 2 emissions in these countries has not been significant due to an increased dependence on fossil fuels in their energy mix. Although the Latin American region has an important experience in the promotion of EE programs and renewable sources, the energy agenda of the examined countries focused mostly on the energy reforms during the analyzed period. The policy review suggests that further governmental support and strong public policies towards a more sustainable energy path are required to encourage a low carbon future in the region. (C. Sheinbaum). 1 281 JI projects in EIT countries have an annual average of 79,283,000 emission reduction units (ERUs), while 2247 CDM registered projects in developing countries have an annual average of 367,410,863 certified emission reductions (CERs).
Doctoral thesis by Belizza Janet Ruiz-Mendoza
Projects by Belizza Janet Ruiz-Mendoza
El objetivo del proyecto consiste en iniciar el laboratorio de energías renovables mediante la co... more El objetivo del proyecto consiste en iniciar el laboratorio de energías renovables mediante la construcción de un sistema de generación eléctrica de inducción, la instalación de un sistema solar fotovoltaico, la adaptación de una bomba centrífuga y el diseño de un sistema de cargas eléctricas por parte de los estudiantes de los cursos de Generación de Energía Eléctrica, Máquinas Eléctricas II y Sistemas Dinámicos y Control. Ésta es una actividad pedagógica que busca incentivar a los estudiantes en algunos de los campos de la ingeniería eléctrica a través del trabajo práctico; adicionalmente, se desea crear un semillero de investigación en el área de las fuentes de energía renovable, en el que se indague por diferentes tipos de generación eléctrica y se inicie la construcción y caracterización de pequeños prototipos. Esta actividad finalizaría con la entrega de los sistemas instalados.
Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, Dec 26, 2022
Correlación energética entre la radiación solar global y la velocidad del viento en el Caribe colombiano, 2021
Introduction-Nearly 69.18% of Colombian electric matrix (2018) depends on hydraulic resources, wh... more Introduction-Nearly 69.18% of Colombian electric matrix (2018) depends on hydraulic resources, which make it vulnerable to rainfall shortage periods, impacting on high energy prices and increasing greenhouse gas emissions due to incorporation of fossil fuel, since these sources contribute with 26.36% to the energy matrix. This led to take actions to expand the participation of Non-Conventional Renewable Energy Sources (NCRES), based on the potential of the different regions where energy sources such as wind, solar and biomass stand out. For large-scale energy production, wind energy and solar energy have great potential in the Caribbean Region; thus, this work intends to assess the wind and solar resources of this region to identify and establish reverse correlation behaviors between them, in order to guarantee that the participation of these energies will maintain the sustainability of the energy matrix by incorporating these energy sources.
A multicriteria methodology for prioritisation of social projects and community participation: Nariño study case, 2021
Analysing jointly communities and projects requires address energy projects from a socio-technica... more Analysing jointly communities and projects requires address energy projects from a socio-technical view. Including communities in the development of projects requires a better understanding of their social, economic, environmental, and cultural affairs. Consequently, this work focuses on a methodological formulation to prioritise energy projects considering community participation. The community evaluation considered the Human Development Index and Sustainable Development Goals and adjusted them according to the information available, and the project evaluation uses the Net Present Value. The Analytic Hierarchy Process evaluates communities and projects jointly and establishes prioritisation objectives. Moreover, the co-construction methodology is the basis to formulate guidelines for community work. This research found a close relationship between the projects for improving life quality and education in Nariño.
Mapping of solar insolation using air temperature in tropical and mountainous environments, 2023
Solar energy potential maps facilitate the process of making decisions regarding the installation... more Solar energy potential maps facilitate the process of making decisions regarding the installation of photovoltaic solar energy systems. However, the lack of recorded in-situ solar irradiance information hinders decision-making in this field of study. Therefore, in this study, the number of solar irradiance sample points was increased, using temperature-based empirical models such as that from Hargreaves and Samani and a new approach based on the logistic model, and the performance of four spatial interpolation techniques was assessed in tropical and mountainous environments. The analysis concluded that the Hargreaves and Samani model is better for the Pacific zone, whereas the logistic model is better for the Andean and Amazon zones. In addition, the ordinary Kriging method was found to be the best interpolation technique, as it presents a lower bias.
Applied Sciences
Solar irradiance is an available resource that could support electrification in regions that are ... more Solar irradiance is an available resource that could support electrification in regions that are low on socio-economic indices. Therefore, it is increasingly important to understand the behavior of solar irradiance. and data on solar irradiance. Some locations, especially those with a low socio-economic population, do not have measured solar irradiance data, and if such information exists, it is not complete. There are different approaches for estimating solar irradiance, from learning models to empirical models. The latter has the advantage of low computational costs, allowing its wide use. Researchers estimate solar energy resources using information from other meteorological variables, such as temperature. However, there is no broad analysis of these techniques in tropical and mountainous environments. Therefore, in order to address this gap, our research analyzes the performance of three well-known empirical temperature-based models—Hargreaves and Samani, Bristol and Campbell, a...
Accurate mechanisms for forecasting solar irradiance and insolation provide important information... more Accurate mechanisms for forecasting solar irradiance and insolation provide important information for the planning of renewable energy and agriculture projects as well as for environmental and socio-economical studies. This research introduces a pipeline for the one-day ahead forecasting of solar irradiance and insolation that only requires solar irradiance historical data for training. Furthermore, our approach is able to deal with missing data since it includes a data imputation state. In the prediction stage, we consider four data-driven approaches: Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Single Layer Feed Forward Network (SL-FNN), Multiple Layer Feed Forward Network (FL-FNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). The experiments are performed in a real-world dataset collected with 12 Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) located in the Nari\~no - Colombia. The results show that the neural network-based models outperform ARIMA in most cases. Furthermore, LSTM exhibits better pe...
Government programs to encourage renewable electricity production in Brazil are analyzed in order... more Government programs to encourage renewable electricity production in Brazil are analyzed in order to evaluate aims and identify problems in the execution of such programs in order to provide ideas to channel them. In terms of methodology, the analysis is based in a chronologic study of the programs, in order to establish whether or not renewable energy policies have been linked. The paper concludes that already-executed programs and those in progress have deficiencies that hinder the achievement of their goals; therefore diversification policies for renewable energy will not be achieved in the foreseen timeframe. Therefore, certain policy changes are proposed.
Renewable Energy, 2010
Two renewable electricity bills have been proposed in Congress since 2005 in Mexico. The first on... more Two renewable electricity bills have been proposed in Congress since 2005 in Mexico. The first one was rejected by the Senate and the second one was approved by both the House of Representatives and the Senate in October 2008. Our objective is to explain the nature of both bills and to analyze each of them bearing in mind the Mexican electricity sector management scheme. In the Mexican electricity sector single-buyer scheme, the state-owned companies (Comisión Federal de Electricidad and Luz y Fuerza del Centro) are responsible of the public services and the private sector generates electricity under six modalities: self-supply, cogeneration, independent production, small production, export, and import, which are not considered a public service. This scheme has caused controversies related to the constitutionality of the 1992 Power Public Services Law that allowed this scheme to be implemented. Both bills, the rejected one and the approved one, were formulated and based on that controversial law and their objectives are linked precisely more to the controversial issues than to the promotion of renewable electricity technologies; consequently, the gap among environmental, economic and social issues related with sustainability notion is wider.
Renewable Energy, 2008
This paper analyzes the role of renewable energy sources (RES) in the Mexican electricity sector ... more This paper analyzes the role of renewable energy sources (RES) in the Mexican electricity sector in the context of the proposed renewable energy bill currently under consideration in the Mexican Congress. This paper was divided into three parts. The first part presents a chronology of institutional background related to the RES. This is followed by an analysis of the coordination and management system of the Mexican electricity sector, which can facilitate the promotion and integration of the RES without significant structural changes. Finally, the pros and cons of the renewable energy bill are analyzed in order to demonstrate the need for greater coherence between the bill and the coordination system of the sector. It is concluded that when inconsistency is eliminated, RES would strongly be promoted in Mexico. r
Energy Policy, 2012
The authors analyze the Mexican energy policy taking as reference the methodological framework fo... more The authors analyze the Mexican energy policy taking as reference the methodological framework for sustainable energy development proposed by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. This methodology takes eight related indicators to the social, environmental and economic dimensions in order to calculate a general sustainability indicator for the energy sector. In this methodology, the weight of each dimension is different; namely, the social and environmental issues have less relevance than the economic issues. The authors use this methodology because government institutions as the Department of Energy and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources have used some indicators from such a methodology to propose plans, programs, projects and bills. Authors know of the existence of other methodologies about sustainability. Nonetheless, opting for the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean's methodology is convenient because this organization is a respectable authority for civil servants from the Mexican institutions. Our objective is just to contrast the sustainability grade of the energy sector between 1990 and 2008 for Mexico whose government started reforms in the 1990s. It concludes that those reforms did not bring about a higher sustainability level for the energy sector.
Energy Policy, 2006
In this work; five basic elements for the formulation of a policy on renewable energy sources for... more In this work; five basic elements for the formulation of a policy on renewable energy sources for Colombia, are discussed. A balance of the institutions of the energy sector related to the formulation, elaboration and execution of plans, programs and projects on renewable energy sources is carried out. The technology costs that take advantage of such sources are compared and the 967 Law issued in 2001 and its regulatory decree are analyzed. This law promotes the efficient and rational use of energy and also promotes the alternative energies. r
Energy Policy, 2010
This paper analyzes carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions related to energy consumption for electricit... more This paper analyzes carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions related to energy consumption for electricity generation in four Latin-American countries in the context of the liberalization process. From 1990 to 2006, power plants based on renewable energy sources decreased its share in power installed capacity, and the carbon index defined as CO 2 emission by unit of energy for electricity production stayed almost constant for all countries with the exception of Colombia, where the index reduced due to increase in hydroelectricity generation in the last years. The paper also presents a new set of policies to promote renewable energy sources that have been developed in the four countries. The paper concludes that restructuring did not bring about environmental benefits related to a decrease in CO 2 emissions because this depend on the existence of committed policies, and dedicated institutional and regulatory frameworks.
Energy, 2012
Latin America CO 2 emissions Sustainable energy future a b s t r a c t This paper presents an ove... more Latin America CO 2 emissions Sustainable energy future a b s t r a c t This paper presents an overview of energy production and consumption for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The study places special emphasis on CO 2 emissions related to energy use and production and on the lack of modern energy services for millions in the region. Although the contribution of LAC to worldwide energy-related CO 2 emissions is low, it is important to the understand energy trends in LAC and to visualize the opportunities for a low-carbon future for the region while meeting the energy needs for poverty reduction.
Energy, 2011
This study examines the primary energy consumption and energy-related CO 2 emissions in Argentina... more This study examines the primary energy consumption and energy-related CO 2 emissions in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela during the period 1990e2006. It also reviews important reforms in the energy sector of these countries as well as the promotion of energy efficiency (EE) and renewable energy sources (RES). Using a decomposition analysis, results indicate that even though significant reductions in energy intensity have been achieved in Colombia, Mexico and in a lesser extent in Brazil and Argentina, the reduction of CO 2 emissions in these countries has not been significant due to an increased dependence on fossil fuels in their energy mix. Although the Latin American region has an important experience in the promotion of EE programs and renewable sources, the energy agenda of the examined countries focused mostly on the energy reforms during the analyzed period. The policy review suggests that further governmental support and strong public policies towards a more sustainable energy path are required to encourage a low carbon future in the region. (C. Sheinbaum). 1 281 JI projects in EIT countries have an annual average of 79,283,000 emission reduction units (ERUs), while 2247 CDM registered projects in developing countries have an annual average of 367,410,863 certified emission reductions (CERs).
El objetivo del proyecto consiste en iniciar el laboratorio de energías renovables mediante la co... more El objetivo del proyecto consiste en iniciar el laboratorio de energías renovables mediante la construcción de un sistema de generación eléctrica de inducción, la instalación de un sistema solar fotovoltaico, la adaptación de una bomba centrífuga y el diseño de un sistema de cargas eléctricas por parte de los estudiantes de los cursos de Generación de Energía Eléctrica, Máquinas Eléctricas II y Sistemas Dinámicos y Control. Ésta es una actividad pedagógica que busca incentivar a los estudiantes en algunos de los campos de la ingeniería eléctrica a través del trabajo práctico; adicionalmente, se desea crear un semillero de investigación en el área de las fuentes de energía renovable, en el que se indague por diferentes tipos de generación eléctrica y se inicie la construcción y caracterización de pequeños prototipos. Esta actividad finalizaría con la entrega de los sistemas instalados.
Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) y políticas públicas: una mirada desde la academia, 2020
El Centro de Pensamiento en Desarrollo Sostenible de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede M... more El Centro de Pensamiento en Desarrollo Sostenible de la Universidad
Nacional de Colombia, sede Manizales, viene desarrollando desde su
creación diferentes actividades y proyectos que apuntan a poner en escena los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ods). En ese sentido y consciente de la importancia de escuchar a los expertos, académicos y personalidades asociadas a estos objetivos, se pone en manos de los lectores este libro que presenta un capítulo por cada uno de los ods, hasta tener una visión total de ellos. La Vicerrectoría de Investigación hace así una presentación de los aportes que la Universidad Nacional de Colombia puede ofrecer al cumplimiento de tales objetivos por parte del país.
Es importante resaltar que la presentación de cada uno de los diecisiete
ods responde a la visión y consideración que los investigadores y académicos consideraron pertinente. En mi calidad de director del Centro de Pensamiento en Desarrollo Sostenible, quiero expresar mis gratitudes a cada uno de los autores que han dado su aporte para la feliz realización de este libro, con la seguridad de que sus reflexiones serán orientadoras y consultadas por el público que quiera conocer de este tema. Invito a los lectores a que se dejen llevar por cada uno de estos capítulos, sin ser necesaria una lectura secuencial: se puede ir y venir entre ellos.
Germán Albeiro Castaño Duque
Profesor Asociado
Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Manizales
Director
Centro de Pensamiento en Desarrollo Sostenible