Guillermo Vásquez-Velásquez | Universidad Nacional de Colombia (National University of Colombia) (original) (raw)
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Papers by Guillermo Vásquez-Velásquez
Série Técnica IPEF, Dec 31, 2022
Open Journal of Forestry, 2016
Deforestation of headwater in the Andes of Colombia is a historical process that has its origins ... more Deforestation of headwater in the Andes of Colombia is a historical process that has its origins in pre-Hispanic communities and in nineteenth and twentieth centuries, intensified by settlers and farmers. These lands have been intended mainly to pasture cattle. Soil compaction, caused by the trampling of cattle, was evaluated in soils derived from volcanic ash (Andisols), with reference to values found for variables in undisturbed natural forests in the same region. The compared parameters were bulk density (Db), total porosity (α), soil resistance to penetration (Rp) and pore size distribution, analyzed by water retention curves (WRC). The grazed soils had significant differences with respect to the natural forest reference values: Db was 53.7% higher, α was reduced by 11.0% and Rp in the first 7.5 cm of the top soil was more than double, with an average increase of 275.2 to 527.2 kPa. The analysis indicated that compacted soils had relatively uniform reduction in distribution of macro, meso and micropores. It was concluded that deforestation followed by pasture land destination in steep headwaters generates significant compaction processes that can affect the infiltration, percolation and soil water storage, which would have important hydrological implications: augmentation of surface runoff and soil erosion, decreased the base flow and increased direct runoff. For this reasons, it is considered that forest restoration of headwaters is important for the maintenance of hydrological functions of large river systems.
Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín
Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto
Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje (SENA), 2000
CARACTERIZACIÓN OCUPACIONAL SECTOR FORESTAL METODOLOGÍA Proceso metodológico del estudio ocupacio... more CARACTERIZACIÓN OCUPACIONAL SECTOR FORESTAL METODOLOGÍA Proceso metodológico del estudio ocupacional Ca racterización ocupacional Análisis funcional Elaboración de las unidades de competencia Titulaciones CARACTERIZACIÓN OCUPACIONAL DEL SECTOR FORESTAL Caracterización o entorno organizacional Caracterización o estructura económica Recursos forestales en Colombia Dinámica forestal del uso del suelo Recursos de inversión forestal El comportamiento del sector La generación de empleo Caracterización tecnológica Descripción de algunas tecnologías asociadas a los procesos primarios del bosque Utilización de especies para reforestación y niveles tecnológicos asociados Aspectos de la industria forestal Organización de ciencia y tecnología del sector Transferencia de tecnología
Revista Facultad Nacional De Agronomia, Nov 28, 2011
Rev. Fac. Nal. Agr. Medellín
Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto
Lord David Attemboroug, tal vez el más destacado científico naturalista de estas últimas cinco dé... more Lord David Attemboroug, tal vez el más destacado científico naturalista de estas últimas cinco décadas, definió al Homo sapiens como un "comunicador compulsivo". Y fue acertado: tal vez no haya nada más común a todas las sociedades, países y comunidades, tanto de la remota antigüedad como del mundo moderno, que la comunicación, al punto que es justamente la escritura como lenguaje de intercambio el que define la separación entre la prehistoria y la historia. Comunicar es por excelencia el vehículo de la dimensión cultural que hemos forjado a través de nuestra evolución biológica, que nos permite una relación espacial y nos crea lazos con el pasado y con el futuro.
Revista Facultad Nacional De Agronomia, Nov 28, 2011
This study was conducted in the "Paramo and High Andean Forest System of the Middle Northwes... more This study was conducted in the "Paramo and High Andean Forest System of the Middle Northwest of Antioquia" Special Management Area (SMA), located in the Department of Antioquia, Colombia. The SMA has a total extension of 34.358,74 ha. The main object of this investigation was to estimate the environmental supply of hydric resource that originate in this system and with secondary objectives the estimation of monthly and annual average originate in the system, as well as to estimate the annual minimal volume for different periods of return. To achieve these objectives the "water accounting procedure to accomplish a detailed water balance according to Holdridge" and the regionalization of the mean characteristics method were used. As results for the SMA, a precipitation of 665.288.946,00 m 3 ·year - 1
Resumen: El sector forestal, entendido como de conjunto de operaciones cientifico-tecnicas orient... more Resumen: El sector forestal, entendido como de conjunto de operaciones cientifico-tecnicas orientadas al establecimiento y manejo de bosques plantados para atender las demandas de madera y de otros productos forestales, es una actividad de uso de la tierra rural de gran importancia y necesidad para el desarrollo de las sociedades modernas; su practica se desarrolla en todo el mundo en una extension aproximada de 264 millones de hectareas, en America en 53 millones de hectareas y en Colombia en cerca de 405.000 ha. Como quiera que se trata de un uso de la tierra rural, la vegetacion establecida genera una relacion de interdependencia con el ciclo hidrologico y con los suelos en el marco natural de la cuenca hidrografica. Estas relaciones han sido y son profusamente estudiadas, ya que interesa saber en que medida los bosques plantados intervienen el regimen hidrologico; para esto, el referente de comparacion, a diferencia de lo que suele considerarse, no debe ser el regimen hidrologic...
Open Journal of Forestry, 2016
Deforestation of headwater in the Andes of Colombia is a historical process that has its origins ... more Deforestation of headwater in the Andes of Colombia is a historical process that has its origins in pre-Hispanic communities and in nineteenth and twentieth centuries, intensified by settlers and farmers. These lands have been intended mainly to pasture cattle. Soil compaction, caused by the trampling of cattle, was evaluated in soils derived from volcanic ash (Andisols), with reference to values found for variables in undisturbed natural forests in the same region. The compared parameters were bulk density (Db), total porosity (α), soil resistance to penetration (Rp) and pore size distribution, analyzed by water retention curves (WRC). The grazed soils had significant differences with respect to the natural forest reference values: Db was 53.7% higher, α was reduced by 11.0% and Rp in the first 7.5 cm of the top soil was more than double, with an average increase of 275.2 to 527.2 kPa. The analysis indicated that compacted soils had relatively uniform reduction in distribution of macro, meso and micropores. It was concluded that deforestation followed by pasture land destination in steep headwaters generates significant compaction processes that can affect the infiltration, percolation and soil water storage, which would have important hydrological implications: augmentation of surface runoff and soil erosion, decreased the base flow and increased direct runoff. For this reasons, it is considered that forest restoration of headwaters is important for the maintenance of hydrological functions of large river systems.
Série Técnica IPEF, Dec 31, 2022
Open Journal of Forestry, 2016
Deforestation of headwater in the Andes of Colombia is a historical process that has its origins ... more Deforestation of headwater in the Andes of Colombia is a historical process that has its origins in pre-Hispanic communities and in nineteenth and twentieth centuries, intensified by settlers and farmers. These lands have been intended mainly to pasture cattle. Soil compaction, caused by the trampling of cattle, was evaluated in soils derived from volcanic ash (Andisols), with reference to values found for variables in undisturbed natural forests in the same region. The compared parameters were bulk density (Db), total porosity (α), soil resistance to penetration (Rp) and pore size distribution, analyzed by water retention curves (WRC). The grazed soils had significant differences with respect to the natural forest reference values: Db was 53.7% higher, α was reduced by 11.0% and Rp in the first 7.5 cm of the top soil was more than double, with an average increase of 275.2 to 527.2 kPa. The analysis indicated that compacted soils had relatively uniform reduction in distribution of macro, meso and micropores. It was concluded that deforestation followed by pasture land destination in steep headwaters generates significant compaction processes that can affect the infiltration, percolation and soil water storage, which would have important hydrological implications: augmentation of surface runoff and soil erosion, decreased the base flow and increased direct runoff. For this reasons, it is considered that forest restoration of headwaters is important for the maintenance of hydrological functions of large river systems.
Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín
Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto
Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje (SENA), 2000
CARACTERIZACIÓN OCUPACIONAL SECTOR FORESTAL METODOLOGÍA Proceso metodológico del estudio ocupacio... more CARACTERIZACIÓN OCUPACIONAL SECTOR FORESTAL METODOLOGÍA Proceso metodológico del estudio ocupacional Ca racterización ocupacional Análisis funcional Elaboración de las unidades de competencia Titulaciones CARACTERIZACIÓN OCUPACIONAL DEL SECTOR FORESTAL Caracterización o entorno organizacional Caracterización o estructura económica Recursos forestales en Colombia Dinámica forestal del uso del suelo Recursos de inversión forestal El comportamiento del sector La generación de empleo Caracterización tecnológica Descripción de algunas tecnologías asociadas a los procesos primarios del bosque Utilización de especies para reforestación y niveles tecnológicos asociados Aspectos de la industria forestal Organización de ciencia y tecnología del sector Transferencia de tecnología
Revista Facultad Nacional De Agronomia, Nov 28, 2011
Rev. Fac. Nal. Agr. Medellín
Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto
Lord David Attemboroug, tal vez el más destacado científico naturalista de estas últimas cinco dé... more Lord David Attemboroug, tal vez el más destacado científico naturalista de estas últimas cinco décadas, definió al Homo sapiens como un "comunicador compulsivo". Y fue acertado: tal vez no haya nada más común a todas las sociedades, países y comunidades, tanto de la remota antigüedad como del mundo moderno, que la comunicación, al punto que es justamente la escritura como lenguaje de intercambio el que define la separación entre la prehistoria y la historia. Comunicar es por excelencia el vehículo de la dimensión cultural que hemos forjado a través de nuestra evolución biológica, que nos permite una relación espacial y nos crea lazos con el pasado y con el futuro.
Revista Facultad Nacional De Agronomia, Nov 28, 2011
This study was conducted in the "Paramo and High Andean Forest System of the Middle Northwes... more This study was conducted in the "Paramo and High Andean Forest System of the Middle Northwest of Antioquia" Special Management Area (SMA), located in the Department of Antioquia, Colombia. The SMA has a total extension of 34.358,74 ha. The main object of this investigation was to estimate the environmental supply of hydric resource that originate in this system and with secondary objectives the estimation of monthly and annual average originate in the system, as well as to estimate the annual minimal volume for different periods of return. To achieve these objectives the "water accounting procedure to accomplish a detailed water balance according to Holdridge" and the regionalization of the mean characteristics method were used. As results for the SMA, a precipitation of 665.288.946,00 m 3 ·year - 1
Resumen: El sector forestal, entendido como de conjunto de operaciones cientifico-tecnicas orient... more Resumen: El sector forestal, entendido como de conjunto de operaciones cientifico-tecnicas orientadas al establecimiento y manejo de bosques plantados para atender las demandas de madera y de otros productos forestales, es una actividad de uso de la tierra rural de gran importancia y necesidad para el desarrollo de las sociedades modernas; su practica se desarrolla en todo el mundo en una extension aproximada de 264 millones de hectareas, en America en 53 millones de hectareas y en Colombia en cerca de 405.000 ha. Como quiera que se trata de un uso de la tierra rural, la vegetacion establecida genera una relacion de interdependencia con el ciclo hidrologico y con los suelos en el marco natural de la cuenca hidrografica. Estas relaciones han sido y son profusamente estudiadas, ya que interesa saber en que medida los bosques plantados intervienen el regimen hidrologico; para esto, el referente de comparacion, a diferencia de lo que suele considerarse, no debe ser el regimen hidrologic...
Open Journal of Forestry, 2016
Deforestation of headwater in the Andes of Colombia is a historical process that has its origins ... more Deforestation of headwater in the Andes of Colombia is a historical process that has its origins in pre-Hispanic communities and in nineteenth and twentieth centuries, intensified by settlers and farmers. These lands have been intended mainly to pasture cattle. Soil compaction, caused by the trampling of cattle, was evaluated in soils derived from volcanic ash (Andisols), with reference to values found for variables in undisturbed natural forests in the same region. The compared parameters were bulk density (Db), total porosity (α), soil resistance to penetration (Rp) and pore size distribution, analyzed by water retention curves (WRC). The grazed soils had significant differences with respect to the natural forest reference values: Db was 53.7% higher, α was reduced by 11.0% and Rp in the first 7.5 cm of the top soil was more than double, with an average increase of 275.2 to 527.2 kPa. The analysis indicated that compacted soils had relatively uniform reduction in distribution of macro, meso and micropores. It was concluded that deforestation followed by pasture land destination in steep headwaters generates significant compaction processes that can affect the infiltration, percolation and soil water storage, which would have important hydrological implications: augmentation of surface runoff and soil erosion, decreased the base flow and increased direct runoff. For this reasons, it is considered that forest restoration of headwaters is important for the maintenance of hydrological functions of large river systems.