Elena Urdaneta | Universidad de Navarra (original) (raw)
Papers by Elena Urdaneta
Medicina Paliativa Cuidados Del Enfermo En El Final De La Vida Y Atencion a Su Familia 2008 Isbn 9788431325428 Pags 479 492, 2008
Revista de la Sociedad Española del Dolor, 2009
British Journal of Nutrition (2003), 89, 311–318, 2003
Local (gut) and systemic metabolism of rats is altered by consumption of raw bean (Phaseolus The ... more Local (gut) and systemic metabolism of rats is altered by consumption of raw bean (Phaseolus The composition of the raw legume Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. athropurpurea (PhVa) and its effects on the metabolism of young growing rats have been evaluated. The levels of protein, unsaturated fatty acids, carbohydrate, fibre and bioactive factors present in PhVa were comparable with those in other Phaseolus vulgaris varieties. However, the lectins of PhVa were predominantly of the leucoagglutinating type, and concentrated in the albumin protein fraction. Rats fed a diet (110 g total protein, 16·0 MJ/kg) in which PhVa meal provided about half of the protein excreted high levels of N in faeces and urine, and grew more slowly, than rats fed a high-quality control diet (ad libitum or pair-fed). Small intestine, large intestine and pan-creas weights were increased (by almost 100 %, P, 0·05), whilst skeletal muscle, thymus and spleen weights were reduced. Blood insulin (16·20 v. 0·50 mU/l, P,0·05, thyroxine, glucose, protein (60·5 v. 48·3 g/l, P, 0·05) and LDL-cholesterol were lowered, whilst glucagon (155·3 v. 185·4 ng/l, P,0·05), triiodothyronine and urea were elevated, as were urinary urea, creatinine and glucose. These changes in the local (gut) and systemic metabolism of rats were probably mediated primarily by lectins in PhVa, which were concentrated in the albumin protein fraction, whereas in many other Phaseolus vulgaris lines they are distributed across the globulin and albumin fractions.
Ambient Assisted Living, 2011
ABSTRACT As a consequence of the large interest in standardized, open, scalable and interoperable... more ABSTRACT As a consequence of the large interest in standardized, open, scalable and interoperable platforms that can implement scenarios and requirements posed by the AAL and elnclusion communities, the ISO/IEC 24752 standard Universal Remote Console (URC) has emerged from a single project infrastructure within the FP6 elnclusion project i2home into a steadily growing ecosystem with parties ranging from more technology oriented over business but also stakeholders that represent users. In order to coordinate and make transparent activities as well as provide a meeting place for different stakeholders, we have started building up the OpenURC Alliance. This paper presents the URC technology, the timeline and construction of the Alliance and, finally, point at some current and future activities.
Alzheimer's & Dementia, 2010
24,83-38,20 points, respectively. About 20% e 46% of the early and moderate individuals, respecti... more 24,83-38,20 points, respectively. About 20% e 46% of the early and moderate individuals, respectively, were under the BBS cutoff. On the AWS, 13,33% and 33,3% of the early and moderate AD were under the cutoff score. From all the individuals, about 16%, 2 from early and 8 from the moderate AD group, were under AWS and BBS cutoff scores. Conclusions: Gait apraxia and balance disorders might be presented in AD individuals, and seems to be more frequent in the moderate stage. Gait apraxia can be misinterpreted as simply balance disorders. Gait apraxia assessment, such as balance, requires high subjectivity dosages. Gait apraxia diagnosis would be easier if the sensibility index of the AWS could be improved. Despite this is just a conjecture, it seems that frontal involvement has great relation to gait apraxia presence and severity.
Alzheimer's & Dementia, 2010
Background: Copy number variations (CNVs), deletions or duplications of DNA segments, represent a... more Background: Copy number variations (CNVs), deletions or duplications of DNA segments, represent an important source of the genetic diversity that affects many biological functions. Recently, several studies have provided evidence for a substantial role of chromosomal structural variations in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders (Kalman and Vitale, 2009). This evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that genetic susceptibility to late onset neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease rely on dosage-sensitive loci directly affected by the functional mechanisms promoted by copy number variations (Blauw et al., 2008). Methods: We present the results from a whole-genome Copy Number Variation (CNV) region study on the 818 subjects collected in the ADNI project. Subjects were genotyped with more than 600,000 SNPs using the Illumina Human610-Quad Bead-Chip. We identified CNV regions by using Nexus, a CNV calling program that relies on SNP genotyping signal intensities. Results: After both genotyping and CNV quality control procedures, we detected 11,694 CNVs in 638 subjects. The range of frequencies of the CNVs we detected is in accordance with the trend (rarely more than 10%) reported in worldwide control populations (Jacobsson et al., 2008). We identified 10,135 deletions, 1,647 of which are homozygous deletions, and 1,559 duplications, including 6 high copies gain CNVs. We found only one region of overlapping segments homozygously deleted exclusively in MCI subjects. The total number of CNV regions was increased in MCI and AD subjects compared to healthy controls (p < 0.005). Important gene networks and pathways are disrupted by these CNV regions; thus possibly contributing to the pathophysiology of MCI and AD. Conclusions: We present a comprehensive analysis of the structural variants that may contribute to the genetic susceptibility to Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. The variants primarily include large deletions of .5 to 10-12 Mb many of which disrupt known pathways of biological significance, including CNS axonal development.
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 2021
Objective: To investigate the effect of involving children in their feeding process (choosing a r... more Objective: To investigate the effect of involving children in their feeding process (choosing a recipe, purchasing the ingredients, and cooking) on their lunch food choice in a school environment. Design: Quasi-experimental. Setting: Two schools in Bilbao, Spain. Participants: A total of 202 children (aged 8−9 years) participated in the study (43% girls), with 99 in the nutrition education (NE) group and 103 in the hands-on (HO) group. Intervention: Three 1-hour workshops (1 workshop/wk), different for each group: HO, cooking-related activities, and NE, healthy habits promotion through nutrition education activities. Main Outcome Measures: Food neophobia, diet quality, cooking self-efficacy and attitudes toward cooking, and food intake and selection of the experimental lunches. Analysis: Chi-square test of independence, ANCOVA, and t tests were performed. Results: Students from the HO group selected and ate more spinach/broccoli (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively) for the first lunch; and selected more spinach/broccoli (P = 0.04) for the second lunch. After the intervention, improvements were observed for spinach liking and neophobia for the HO group and cooking self-efficacy and KidMed score for both groups. Conclusions and Implications: Both interventions succeeded in improving children's diet quality, but only the HO group reduced food neophobia levels. Therefore, involving children in choosing a recipe, purchasing ingredients, and cooking may promote changing eating behaviors toward healthy habits such as increasing vegetable consumption.
Nutricion hospitalaria, Jan 12, 2018
Child food neophobia is usually associated with a lower consumption of fruits and vegetables, and... more Child food neophobia is usually associated with a lower consumption of fruits and vegetables, and the latter, is related to a less healthy diet. Different types of programs have been conducted in order to reduce food neophobia and thus increase the intake of fruits and vegetables in childhood. Among them, sensory education programs have shown their effectiveness. On the other hand, various nutritional programs that include garden and food preparation activities are used for the same purpose. However, the heterogeneity of programs and their evaluations, make it difficult to reach firm conclusions about its effectiveness. Several experimental studies have been conducted to determine the effect of each of the stages of preparing food separately: the selection of the recipe, the purchase of food, cooking and the presentation of the plate. While the results are promising, it is necessary to realize studies in real environments to validate such experiments. An example is the EgizuSUK proj...
Appetite, Aug 1, 2016
Involving children in cooking has been suggested as a strategy to improve dietary habits in child... more Involving children in cooking has been suggested as a strategy to improve dietary habits in childhood. Interventions in schools including cooking, gardening and tasting activities have showed promising results. Several cross-sectional surveys demonstrated associations between frequency of involvement in food preparation and better diet quality. However, experimental studies confirming the beneficial effect of cooking on food choices in children are missing from the literature. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of involving children in cooking on their willingness to taste novel foods, food intake, liking and hunger. A between-subject experiment was conducted with 137 children between 7 and 11 years old. 69 children (COOK group) participated in the preparation of three unfamiliar foods containing vegetables: apple/beetroot juice, zucchini tortilla sandwich and spinach cookies. 68 children (CONTROL group) participated, instead, in a creative workshop. Afterwa...
British Journal of Nutrition, 1998
Fluoxetine is one of the most widely used antidepressants and nowadays it is also being used to m... more Fluoxetine is one of the most widely used antidepressants and nowadays it is also being used to manage obesity problems. In our laboratory we demonstrated that the drug inhibited sugar absorption (Monteiroet al.1993). The aim of the present work was to determine the effect of fluoxetine on intestinal leucine absorption. Using a procedure of successive absorptionsin vivothe drug diminished amino acid absorption by 30% (P< 0.001). Experimentsin vitroin isolated jejunum also revealed a reduction in leucine uptake of 37% (P< 0.001). In both cases fluoxetine only affected mediated transport without altering diffusion. In a preparation enriched in basolateral membrane, fluoxetine inhibited the Na+,K+-ATPase (EC3.6.1.37) activity (55%;P< 0.001) in a non-competitive manner with an inhibition constant (Ki) value of 0.92 mm. Leucine uptake by brush-border membrane vesicles was diminished by the drug (a reduction of 48% was observed at 30s,P< 0.001); only the apical Na+-dependent t...
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 1996
Oral cephalosporins are frequently prescribed β-lactam antibiotics. Although it has been well est... more Oral cephalosporins are frequently prescribed β-lactam antibiotics. Although it has been well established that cephalosporins compete with dipeptides for absorption in the intestine, using the same transport mechanism, little is known about the action of the drugs on the absorption of other nutrients. In this work the effect of cephradine and cefaclor on the absorption of d-galactose has been studied. Intestinal sugar uptake was measured in-vitro in pieces of intestine (50 mg) and brush-border membrane vesicles, and in-vivo in intestinal loops. Galactose uptake was inhibited by cephalosporins in a dose-related, time-dependent manner. In-vivo the inhibition appeared when the antibiotics were on the luminal side of the enterocyte and when they reached the gut from the basolateral side. Only the active transport of the sugar was modified; passive transfer did not change in the presence of cephalosporins. In brush-border membrane vesicles, cephradine and cefaclor did not alter sugar upt...
Gaceta Sanitaria, 2013
Sesgo de selección Negativa a participar Estudios transversales Censos Envejecimiento r e s u m e... more Sesgo de selección Negativa a participar Estudios transversales Censos Envejecimiento r e s u m e n Objetivos: Demostrar que la obtención de una muestra nacional probabilística para un estudio longitudinal sobre envejecimiento en España está expuesta a sesgos de selección. Cuantificar las pérdidas que se producen al administrar el cuestionario en distintas fases. Métodos: Estudio transversal sobre población española no institucionalizada de 50 años o más de edad realizado entre 2010 y 2011. Por medio de regresiones logísticas multivariadas se comparan características de las secciones censales de residencia de los que acceden (n = 5813) o no (n = 7023) a formar parte del marco muestral, de los que acceden (n = 1677) o no (n = 2875) a participar en el estudio, y de los individuos que contestan (n = 1398) o no (n = 346) a un cuestionario presencial posterior a uno telefónico. Además, se estudian los motivos de las negativas. Resultados: La mala salud y la discapacidad son los motivos específicos más referidos para no formar parte del marco o no participar en el estudio (14,4% y 27,9%, respectivamente). En ambos casos, la negativa es más frecuente en las secciones censal es de menor nivel socioeconómico o ubicadas en Cataluña, Guipúzcoa o Vizcaya. Los individuos mayores de 80 años responden con menos frecuencia al cuestionario presencial. En cada fase de recogida de información se pierde entre un 8,6% y un 18,4% de efectivos. Conclusiones: Un muestreo probabilístico en puntos de muestreo elegidos por conveniencia permitiría dedicar más recursos a aumentar las tasas de respuesta en los colectivos menos participativos. Se propone la concentración de las preguntas en un solo cuestionario más breve previo a la extracción de sangre.
The Lancet Public Health, 2018
migrants benefits the system." 4 The new government has also made a very visible statement to the... more migrants benefits the system." 4 The new government has also made a very visible statement to the international community by granting permission to the ship Aquarius, which had been drifting in the Mediterranean with 629 migrants on board, to dock and disembark these people after they had been refused entry by Italy and Malta. In these ways, the new Spanish government is sending a clear message to the world that a humane and dignified response to migration is possible. We declare no competing interests.
The Lancet, 2013
Espana_2013.pdf (accessed Dec 2, 2013). 3 Medicos del Mundo. El impacto de la reforma sanitaria s... more Espana_2013.pdf (accessed Dec 2, 2013). 3 Medicos del Mundo. El impacto de la reforma sanitaria sobre el Derecho a la Salud. http:// www.medicosdelmundo.org/index.php/mod. conts/mem.detalle_cn/relmenu.111/id.3306
FEBS Letters, 1998
Leptin is involved in food intake and thermogenesis regulation. Since leptin receptor expression ... more Leptin is involved in food intake and thermogenesis regulation. Since leptin receptor expression has been found in several tissues including small intestine, a possible role of leptin in sugar absorption by the intestine was investigated. Leptin inhibited D-galactose uptake by rat small intestinal rings 33% after 5 min of incubation. The inhibition increased to 56% after 30 min. However, neither at 5 min nor at 30 min did leptin prevent intracellular galactose accumulation. This leptin effect was accompanied by a decrease of the active sugar transport apparent V mx (20 vs. 4.8 W Wmol/g wet weight 5 min) and apparent K m (15.8 vs. 5.3 mM) without any change in the phlorizinresistant component. On the other hand, immunohistochemical experiments using anti-leptin monoclonal antibodies recognized leptin receptors in the plasma membrane of immune cells located in the lamina propria. These results indicate for the first time that leptin has a rapid inhibitory effect on sugar absorption and demonstrate the presence of leptin receptors in the intestinal mucosa.
Journal of Animal Science, 2002
The influence of extrusion cooking on the protein content, amino acid profile, and concentration ... more The influence of extrusion cooking on the protein content, amino acid profile, and concentration of antinutritive compounds (phytic acid, condensed tannins, polyphenols, trypsin, chymotrypsin, alpha-amylase inhibitors, and hemagglutinating activity) in kidney bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Pinto) was investigated. Growing male rats were fed diets based on casein containing raw or extruded kidney beans with or without methionine supplementation for 8 or 15 d. Rates of growth, food intake, and protein efficiency ratio were measured and the weight of the gastrocnemius muscle and the composition of its nitrogenous fraction was determined. Extrusion cooking reduced (P < 0.01) phytic acid, condensed tannins, and trypsin, chymotrypsin, and (alpha-amylase inhibitory activities. Furthermore, hemagglutinating activity was abolished by extrusion treatment. Protein content was not affected by this thermal treatment. Rats fed raw kidney bean lost BW rapidly and the majority died by 9 d. Pretreatment of the beans by extrusion cooking improved food intake and utilization by the rats and they gained BW. Supplementation of extruded kidney bean with methionine further enhanced (P < 0.01) food conversion efficiency and growth. However, BW gains and muscle composition still differed (P < 0.01) from those of rats fed a high-quality protein.
Medicina Paliativa Cuidados Del Enfermo En El Final De La Vida Y Atencion a Su Familia 2008 Isbn 9788431325428 Pags 479 492, 2008
Revista de la Sociedad Española del Dolor, 2009
British Journal of Nutrition (2003), 89, 311–318, 2003
Local (gut) and systemic metabolism of rats is altered by consumption of raw bean (Phaseolus The ... more Local (gut) and systemic metabolism of rats is altered by consumption of raw bean (Phaseolus The composition of the raw legume Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. athropurpurea (PhVa) and its effects on the metabolism of young growing rats have been evaluated. The levels of protein, unsaturated fatty acids, carbohydrate, fibre and bioactive factors present in PhVa were comparable with those in other Phaseolus vulgaris varieties. However, the lectins of PhVa were predominantly of the leucoagglutinating type, and concentrated in the albumin protein fraction. Rats fed a diet (110 g total protein, 16·0 MJ/kg) in which PhVa meal provided about half of the protein excreted high levels of N in faeces and urine, and grew more slowly, than rats fed a high-quality control diet (ad libitum or pair-fed). Small intestine, large intestine and pan-creas weights were increased (by almost 100 %, P, 0·05), whilst skeletal muscle, thymus and spleen weights were reduced. Blood insulin (16·20 v. 0·50 mU/l, P,0·05, thyroxine, glucose, protein (60·5 v. 48·3 g/l, P, 0·05) and LDL-cholesterol were lowered, whilst glucagon (155·3 v. 185·4 ng/l, P,0·05), triiodothyronine and urea were elevated, as were urinary urea, creatinine and glucose. These changes in the local (gut) and systemic metabolism of rats were probably mediated primarily by lectins in PhVa, which were concentrated in the albumin protein fraction, whereas in many other Phaseolus vulgaris lines they are distributed across the globulin and albumin fractions.
Ambient Assisted Living, 2011
ABSTRACT As a consequence of the large interest in standardized, open, scalable and interoperable... more ABSTRACT As a consequence of the large interest in standardized, open, scalable and interoperable platforms that can implement scenarios and requirements posed by the AAL and elnclusion communities, the ISO/IEC 24752 standard Universal Remote Console (URC) has emerged from a single project infrastructure within the FP6 elnclusion project i2home into a steadily growing ecosystem with parties ranging from more technology oriented over business but also stakeholders that represent users. In order to coordinate and make transparent activities as well as provide a meeting place for different stakeholders, we have started building up the OpenURC Alliance. This paper presents the URC technology, the timeline and construction of the Alliance and, finally, point at some current and future activities.
Alzheimer's & Dementia, 2010
24,83-38,20 points, respectively. About 20% e 46% of the early and moderate individuals, respecti... more 24,83-38,20 points, respectively. About 20% e 46% of the early and moderate individuals, respectively, were under the BBS cutoff. On the AWS, 13,33% and 33,3% of the early and moderate AD were under the cutoff score. From all the individuals, about 16%, 2 from early and 8 from the moderate AD group, were under AWS and BBS cutoff scores. Conclusions: Gait apraxia and balance disorders might be presented in AD individuals, and seems to be more frequent in the moderate stage. Gait apraxia can be misinterpreted as simply balance disorders. Gait apraxia assessment, such as balance, requires high subjectivity dosages. Gait apraxia diagnosis would be easier if the sensibility index of the AWS could be improved. Despite this is just a conjecture, it seems that frontal involvement has great relation to gait apraxia presence and severity.
Alzheimer's & Dementia, 2010
Background: Copy number variations (CNVs), deletions or duplications of DNA segments, represent a... more Background: Copy number variations (CNVs), deletions or duplications of DNA segments, represent an important source of the genetic diversity that affects many biological functions. Recently, several studies have provided evidence for a substantial role of chromosomal structural variations in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders (Kalman and Vitale, 2009). This evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that genetic susceptibility to late onset neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease rely on dosage-sensitive loci directly affected by the functional mechanisms promoted by copy number variations (Blauw et al., 2008). Methods: We present the results from a whole-genome Copy Number Variation (CNV) region study on the 818 subjects collected in the ADNI project. Subjects were genotyped with more than 600,000 SNPs using the Illumina Human610-Quad Bead-Chip. We identified CNV regions by using Nexus, a CNV calling program that relies on SNP genotyping signal intensities. Results: After both genotyping and CNV quality control procedures, we detected 11,694 CNVs in 638 subjects. The range of frequencies of the CNVs we detected is in accordance with the trend (rarely more than 10%) reported in worldwide control populations (Jacobsson et al., 2008). We identified 10,135 deletions, 1,647 of which are homozygous deletions, and 1,559 duplications, including 6 high copies gain CNVs. We found only one region of overlapping segments homozygously deleted exclusively in MCI subjects. The total number of CNV regions was increased in MCI and AD subjects compared to healthy controls (p < 0.005). Important gene networks and pathways are disrupted by these CNV regions; thus possibly contributing to the pathophysiology of MCI and AD. Conclusions: We present a comprehensive analysis of the structural variants that may contribute to the genetic susceptibility to Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. The variants primarily include large deletions of .5 to 10-12 Mb many of which disrupt known pathways of biological significance, including CNS axonal development.
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 2021
Objective: To investigate the effect of involving children in their feeding process (choosing a r... more Objective: To investigate the effect of involving children in their feeding process (choosing a recipe, purchasing the ingredients, and cooking) on their lunch food choice in a school environment. Design: Quasi-experimental. Setting: Two schools in Bilbao, Spain. Participants: A total of 202 children (aged 8−9 years) participated in the study (43% girls), with 99 in the nutrition education (NE) group and 103 in the hands-on (HO) group. Intervention: Three 1-hour workshops (1 workshop/wk), different for each group: HO, cooking-related activities, and NE, healthy habits promotion through nutrition education activities. Main Outcome Measures: Food neophobia, diet quality, cooking self-efficacy and attitudes toward cooking, and food intake and selection of the experimental lunches. Analysis: Chi-square test of independence, ANCOVA, and t tests were performed. Results: Students from the HO group selected and ate more spinach/broccoli (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively) for the first lunch; and selected more spinach/broccoli (P = 0.04) for the second lunch. After the intervention, improvements were observed for spinach liking and neophobia for the HO group and cooking self-efficacy and KidMed score for both groups. Conclusions and Implications: Both interventions succeeded in improving children's diet quality, but only the HO group reduced food neophobia levels. Therefore, involving children in choosing a recipe, purchasing ingredients, and cooking may promote changing eating behaviors toward healthy habits such as increasing vegetable consumption.
Nutricion hospitalaria, Jan 12, 2018
Child food neophobia is usually associated with a lower consumption of fruits and vegetables, and... more Child food neophobia is usually associated with a lower consumption of fruits and vegetables, and the latter, is related to a less healthy diet. Different types of programs have been conducted in order to reduce food neophobia and thus increase the intake of fruits and vegetables in childhood. Among them, sensory education programs have shown their effectiveness. On the other hand, various nutritional programs that include garden and food preparation activities are used for the same purpose. However, the heterogeneity of programs and their evaluations, make it difficult to reach firm conclusions about its effectiveness. Several experimental studies have been conducted to determine the effect of each of the stages of preparing food separately: the selection of the recipe, the purchase of food, cooking and the presentation of the plate. While the results are promising, it is necessary to realize studies in real environments to validate such experiments. An example is the EgizuSUK proj...
Appetite, Aug 1, 2016
Involving children in cooking has been suggested as a strategy to improve dietary habits in child... more Involving children in cooking has been suggested as a strategy to improve dietary habits in childhood. Interventions in schools including cooking, gardening and tasting activities have showed promising results. Several cross-sectional surveys demonstrated associations between frequency of involvement in food preparation and better diet quality. However, experimental studies confirming the beneficial effect of cooking on food choices in children are missing from the literature. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of involving children in cooking on their willingness to taste novel foods, food intake, liking and hunger. A between-subject experiment was conducted with 137 children between 7 and 11 years old. 69 children (COOK group) participated in the preparation of three unfamiliar foods containing vegetables: apple/beetroot juice, zucchini tortilla sandwich and spinach cookies. 68 children (CONTROL group) participated, instead, in a creative workshop. Afterwa...
British Journal of Nutrition, 1998
Fluoxetine is one of the most widely used antidepressants and nowadays it is also being used to m... more Fluoxetine is one of the most widely used antidepressants and nowadays it is also being used to manage obesity problems. In our laboratory we demonstrated that the drug inhibited sugar absorption (Monteiroet al.1993). The aim of the present work was to determine the effect of fluoxetine on intestinal leucine absorption. Using a procedure of successive absorptionsin vivothe drug diminished amino acid absorption by 30% (P< 0.001). Experimentsin vitroin isolated jejunum also revealed a reduction in leucine uptake of 37% (P< 0.001). In both cases fluoxetine only affected mediated transport without altering diffusion. In a preparation enriched in basolateral membrane, fluoxetine inhibited the Na+,K+-ATPase (EC3.6.1.37) activity (55%;P< 0.001) in a non-competitive manner with an inhibition constant (Ki) value of 0.92 mm. Leucine uptake by brush-border membrane vesicles was diminished by the drug (a reduction of 48% was observed at 30s,P< 0.001); only the apical Na+-dependent t...
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 1996
Oral cephalosporins are frequently prescribed β-lactam antibiotics. Although it has been well est... more Oral cephalosporins are frequently prescribed β-lactam antibiotics. Although it has been well established that cephalosporins compete with dipeptides for absorption in the intestine, using the same transport mechanism, little is known about the action of the drugs on the absorption of other nutrients. In this work the effect of cephradine and cefaclor on the absorption of d-galactose has been studied. Intestinal sugar uptake was measured in-vitro in pieces of intestine (50 mg) and brush-border membrane vesicles, and in-vivo in intestinal loops. Galactose uptake was inhibited by cephalosporins in a dose-related, time-dependent manner. In-vivo the inhibition appeared when the antibiotics were on the luminal side of the enterocyte and when they reached the gut from the basolateral side. Only the active transport of the sugar was modified; passive transfer did not change in the presence of cephalosporins. In brush-border membrane vesicles, cephradine and cefaclor did not alter sugar upt...
Gaceta Sanitaria, 2013
Sesgo de selección Negativa a participar Estudios transversales Censos Envejecimiento r e s u m e... more Sesgo de selección Negativa a participar Estudios transversales Censos Envejecimiento r e s u m e n Objetivos: Demostrar que la obtención de una muestra nacional probabilística para un estudio longitudinal sobre envejecimiento en España está expuesta a sesgos de selección. Cuantificar las pérdidas que se producen al administrar el cuestionario en distintas fases. Métodos: Estudio transversal sobre población española no institucionalizada de 50 años o más de edad realizado entre 2010 y 2011. Por medio de regresiones logísticas multivariadas se comparan características de las secciones censales de residencia de los que acceden (n = 5813) o no (n = 7023) a formar parte del marco muestral, de los que acceden (n = 1677) o no (n = 2875) a participar en el estudio, y de los individuos que contestan (n = 1398) o no (n = 346) a un cuestionario presencial posterior a uno telefónico. Además, se estudian los motivos de las negativas. Resultados: La mala salud y la discapacidad son los motivos específicos más referidos para no formar parte del marco o no participar en el estudio (14,4% y 27,9%, respectivamente). En ambos casos, la negativa es más frecuente en las secciones censal es de menor nivel socioeconómico o ubicadas en Cataluña, Guipúzcoa o Vizcaya. Los individuos mayores de 80 años responden con menos frecuencia al cuestionario presencial. En cada fase de recogida de información se pierde entre un 8,6% y un 18,4% de efectivos. Conclusiones: Un muestreo probabilístico en puntos de muestreo elegidos por conveniencia permitiría dedicar más recursos a aumentar las tasas de respuesta en los colectivos menos participativos. Se propone la concentración de las preguntas en un solo cuestionario más breve previo a la extracción de sangre.
The Lancet Public Health, 2018
migrants benefits the system." 4 The new government has also made a very visible statement to the... more migrants benefits the system." 4 The new government has also made a very visible statement to the international community by granting permission to the ship Aquarius, which had been drifting in the Mediterranean with 629 migrants on board, to dock and disembark these people after they had been refused entry by Italy and Malta. In these ways, the new Spanish government is sending a clear message to the world that a humane and dignified response to migration is possible. We declare no competing interests.
The Lancet, 2013
Espana_2013.pdf (accessed Dec 2, 2013). 3 Medicos del Mundo. El impacto de la reforma sanitaria s... more Espana_2013.pdf (accessed Dec 2, 2013). 3 Medicos del Mundo. El impacto de la reforma sanitaria sobre el Derecho a la Salud. http:// www.medicosdelmundo.org/index.php/mod. conts/mem.detalle_cn/relmenu.111/id.3306
FEBS Letters, 1998
Leptin is involved in food intake and thermogenesis regulation. Since leptin receptor expression ... more Leptin is involved in food intake and thermogenesis regulation. Since leptin receptor expression has been found in several tissues including small intestine, a possible role of leptin in sugar absorption by the intestine was investigated. Leptin inhibited D-galactose uptake by rat small intestinal rings 33% after 5 min of incubation. The inhibition increased to 56% after 30 min. However, neither at 5 min nor at 30 min did leptin prevent intracellular galactose accumulation. This leptin effect was accompanied by a decrease of the active sugar transport apparent V mx (20 vs. 4.8 W Wmol/g wet weight 5 min) and apparent K m (15.8 vs. 5.3 mM) without any change in the phlorizinresistant component. On the other hand, immunohistochemical experiments using anti-leptin monoclonal antibodies recognized leptin receptors in the plasma membrane of immune cells located in the lamina propria. These results indicate for the first time that leptin has a rapid inhibitory effect on sugar absorption and demonstrate the presence of leptin receptors in the intestinal mucosa.
Journal of Animal Science, 2002
The influence of extrusion cooking on the protein content, amino acid profile, and concentration ... more The influence of extrusion cooking on the protein content, amino acid profile, and concentration of antinutritive compounds (phytic acid, condensed tannins, polyphenols, trypsin, chymotrypsin, alpha-amylase inhibitors, and hemagglutinating activity) in kidney bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Pinto) was investigated. Growing male rats were fed diets based on casein containing raw or extruded kidney beans with or without methionine supplementation for 8 or 15 d. Rates of growth, food intake, and protein efficiency ratio were measured and the weight of the gastrocnemius muscle and the composition of its nitrogenous fraction was determined. Extrusion cooking reduced (P < 0.01) phytic acid, condensed tannins, and trypsin, chymotrypsin, and (alpha-amylase inhibitory activities. Furthermore, hemagglutinating activity was abolished by extrusion treatment. Protein content was not affected by this thermal treatment. Rats fed raw kidney bean lost BW rapidly and the majority died by 9 d. Pretreatment of the beans by extrusion cooking improved food intake and utilization by the rats and they gained BW. Supplementation of extruded kidney bean with methionine further enhanced (P < 0.01) food conversion efficiency and growth. However, BW gains and muscle composition still differed (P < 0.01) from those of rats fed a high-quality protein.