Eduardo Watanabe | Universidade de Brasília - UnB (original) (raw)

Papers by Eduardo Watanabe

Research paper thumbnail of Uso do Aprendizado de Máquina para a Classificação Automática de Documentos de Arquivo

Tendências da Pesquisa Brasileira em Ciência da Informação, 2023

A evolução recente das tecnologias leva à seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: o aprendizado de máquina... more A evolução recente das tecnologias leva à seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: o aprendizado de máquina pode contribuir com a classificação automática de documentos de arquivo de uma organização pública? Os procedimentos metodológicos consistem na revisão de literatura e nas tarefas propostas pelo modelo CRISP-DM em um experimento com 4.800 documentos, divididos em 24 classes. Foram desenvolvidos 20 (vinte) modelos de aprendizagem supervisionada aplicados a três vocabulários criados (nomes de pessoas, lugares e tempo). O melhor resultado foi o F1 score de 0,870. É proposto um subprocesso específico para trabalhar o espaço de aperfeiçoamento do modelo de classificação com base na Ciência da Informação e Arquivologia.

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Attorneys on Judicial Decisions: Empirical Evidence from Civil Cases

International Journal for Court Administration, Jul 17, 2018

This article analyses the impact of attorneys on the outcome of judicial decisions in civil cases... more This article analyses the impact of attorneys on the outcome of judicial decisions in civil cases. We currently have little quantitative information about the effect of attorneys on the outcome of civil cases due to (i) the nonrandom pairing of attorneys and cases and (ii) the difficulty in accurately defining what a favorable decision in a civil case is. The Office of the Solicitor General of the Union in Brazil presents a unique research opportunity, since it assigns cases among its attorneys on a random basis and has standardized rules to record outcomes of civil cases. We analyzed the work performed by 386 Federal Attorneys and their impact on 30,821 judicial decisions. Significant win-rate differences among attorneys were detected in half of the 70 teams surveyed. The fact that attorneys achieve different outcomes, despite working in the same type of cases, indicates how judicial decisions can be affected by the work of an attorney in the civil area. No statistical correlation between attorney experience and outcome of civil cases was detected.

Research paper thumbnail of Multidomain judging and administration of justice: evidence from a major emerging-market jurisdiction

International Review of Administrative Sciences, Mar 24, 2022

Inefficacious courts and limited judicial resources are a ubiquitous problem in many jurisdiction... more Inefficacious courts and limited judicial resources are a ubiquitous problem in many jurisdictions worldwide. To facilitate administration of justice, court administrators must therefore resort to unconventional practices. In Brazilian state and federal courts, judges normally assigned to the disposition of cases in a single domain are often directed to dispose cases in an additional domain, thus engaging in multidomain judging. Using a comprehensive court-level panel dataset, we investigate the consequences of multidomain judging for the efficacy of Brazilian administration of justice. In contrast to conventional wisdom, we find no evidence that multidomain judging reduces court efficacy in resolution of special-procedure cases and appeals to special-procedure cases. Multidomain judging evidently reduces court efficacy exclusively in the resolution of ordinary-procedure cases, and even then only when judges assigned to the disposition of those cases are instructed to additionally resolve special-procedure cases. We discuss plausible explanations for this and the policy implications of our findings. Multidomain judging in Brazil is best viewed as a pragmatic policy response to binding resource constraints in justice administration. Our analysis reveals in what contexts multidomain judging does not appear to harm court efficacy and when, in contrast, a reduction in the extent of multidomain judging would improve court efficacy. Our article offers the first evidence-based insight into the efficacy repercussions of a pervasive yet understudied administrative practice in Brazilian courts. Because related administrative practices are known to exist in other jurisdictions, our findings have implications beyond Brazilian borders.

Research paper thumbnail of O Impacto da Atuação dos Advogados em Processos Judiciais: Uma Revisão da Literatura

Ciências e políticas públicas, Jun 1, 2019

This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outco... more This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outcome of the judicial decision. The findings were: the concentration of research in the United States (81.25 percent), civil jurisdiction (62.5 percent), the year of publication in general in the 2010 decade (56.25 percent) and the predominant use of the observational method (75 percent). The great methodological difficulty of these researches is to identify with precision if the impact in the judicial decision stems from the lawyer's performance or if it is only a consequence of the characteristics of the processes that are being judged, which can be achieved through experiments with research design with distribution cases to balance hidden variables.

Research paper thumbnail of Avaliação de modelos de descrição de processos judiciais

Research paper thumbnail of Engenharia de Documentos e suas relações com a Arquivologia e a Ciência da Informação

Em Questão, Apr 23, 2020

Considerando a importância crescente da tecnologia da informação, formulamos a seguinte pergunta:... more Considerando a importância crescente da tecnologia da informação, formulamos a seguinte pergunta: como a Engenharia de Documentos pode contribuir com a Arquivologia e a Ciência da Informação? Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral deste trabalho consiste em comparar e articular os seus diferentes enfoques em relação aos documentos e as informações. A metodologia a ser utilizada é a pesquisa documental combinada com a análise qualitativa dos documentos. A seleção de trabalhos, entre 1900 e abril de 2019, foi iniciada pela busca textual com os operadores: engenharia de documentos, document engineering, ingénierie documentaire e ingeniería documental, nas seguintes bases: Base de Dados em Ciência da Informação

Research paper thumbnail of How has the Covid19 pandemic impacted the courts of law? Evidence from Brazil

International Review of Law and Economics, Jun 1, 2021

We provide empirical insight into the consequences of the Covid19 pandemic for the administration... more We provide empirical insight into the consequences of the Covid19 pandemic for the administration of justice Drawing on a comprehensive monthly panel of Brazilian labor courts and using a difference-in-difference approach, we show that the pandemic has had a large and persistent deleterious effect on adjudicatory efficacy, leading to a massive decrease in the clearance rate and an increase in court backlogs The pandemic has affected how courts dispose adjudication cases, expectedly causing a plummeting in the share of disputes resolved via trial hearings and, less predictably, exerting a temporally non-linear effect on the share of in-court settlements Notably, we find no evidence of an effect of the pandemic on efficacy in enforcement Although the pandemic led to an increase in the share of new filings requiring enforcement, any effect on the relative use of enforcement to execute court-ordered payments has been intermittent and temporary The intensity of the pandemic has been an important moderating factor

Research paper thumbnail of Does electronic case-processing enhance court efficacy? New quantitative evidence

Government Information Quarterly

We empirically investigate the effect of electronic case-processing on court efficacy. We draw on... more We empirically investigate the effect of electronic case-processing on court efficacy. We draw on monthly courtlevel panel data on adjudication and enforcement in Brazilian labor justice, a major pillar of the Brazilian justice system where electronic case-processing is a recent phenomenon and court inefficacy has been a pervasive concern. Using dynamic panel methods and multiple estimation approaches to address endogeneity, we show, first and foremost, that in both adjudication and enforcement a shift to electronic case-processing unequivocally increases judicial productivity and court clearance rate while reducing case disposition times. In adjudication, electronification exhibits diminishing marginal returns: additional electronification does not yield further efficacy gains once the share of electronically-processed court caseload is between 50% and 75%. We do not find similarly stark evidence of plateauing of the effect of electronification in enforcement, a key court activity domain where attaining fully electronic case-processing would thus be especially advantageous. Overall, our findings suggest that electronic case-processing provides one viable path to unclogging courts and enhancing administration of justice.

Research paper thumbnail of Unclogging Courts by Targeting Litigant Incentives: The Case of the Brazilian Labour Justice Reform

Bulletin of Latin American Research, Sep 18, 2022

Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. I... more Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. Instead of boosting judicial resources or adapting procedure, Brazil tackled persistent backlogs and delays in its labour courts by replacing the pre‐existing each‐pays‐their‐own‐costs (American) rule for allocation of litigation expenses with an alternative loser‐pays‐all (English) rule. Using a newly assembled court‐level panel dataset and difference‐in‐differences approach, we show that the reform alleviated the courts' demand pressures and, most importantly, increased court efficacy in both adjudication and enforcement. The Brazilian experience offers valuable policy lessons about viable court reforms for other jurisdictions.

Research paper thumbnail of Does electronic case-processing enhance court efficacy? New quantitative evidence

Government Information Quarterly, 2023

We empirically investigate the effect of electronic case-processing on court efficacy. We draw on... more We empirically investigate the effect of electronic case-processing on court efficacy. We draw on monthly courtlevel panel data on adjudication and enforcement in Brazilian labor justice, a major pillar of the Brazilian justice system where electronic case-processing is a recent phenomenon and court inefficacy has been a pervasive concern. Using dynamic panel methods and multiple estimation approaches to address endogeneity, we show, first and foremost, that in both adjudication and enforcement a shift to electronic case-processing unequivocally increases judicial productivity and court clearance rate while reducing case disposition times. In adjudication, electronification exhibits diminishing marginal returns: additional electronification does not yield further efficacy gains once the share of electronically-processed court caseload is between 50% and 75%. We do not find similarly stark evidence of plateauing of the effect of electronification in enforcement, a key court activity domain where attaining fully electronic case-processing would thus be especially advantageous. Overall, our findings suggest that electronic case-processing provides one viable path to unclogging courts and enhancing administration of justice.

Research paper thumbnail of Contribuições do Uso da Aprendizagem de Máquina para a Avaliação de Documentos de Arquivo

Anais do XXII Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação – XXII ENANCIB, 2023

A transformação digital nos últimos 30 anos não resultou em avanços significativos na qualidade d... more A transformação digital nos últimos 30 anos não resultou em avanços significativos na qualidade da gestão de documentos nas organizações, mas diante da evolução das tecnologias e métodos é que se pergunta: o uso de algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina pode contribuir com a avaliação de documentos de arquivo por meio da sugestão do código de classificação a ser atribuído a um documento de uma organização pública? Os procedimentos metodológicos consistem na revisão de literatura e nas tarefas propostas pelo modelo CRISP-DM (Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining) em um experimento com 1.768 documentos de 598 processos da Advocacia-Geral da União. Foram desenvolvidos modelos de aprendizagem supervisionada com o uso de algoritmos especializados para fazer a atribuição automatizada do código de classificação do documento de forma a apoiar o processo de avaliação.

Research paper thumbnail of Unclogging Courts by Targeting Litigant Incentives: The Case of the Brazilian Labour Justice Reform

Bulletin of Latin American Research

Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. I... more Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. Instead of boosting judicial resources or adapting procedure, Brazil tackled persistent backlogs and delays in its labour courts by replacing the pre-existing each-pays-their-own-costs (American) rule for allocation of litigation expenses with an alternative loser-pays-all (English) rule. Using a newly assembled court-level panel dataset and difference-indifferences approach, we show that the reform alleviated the courts' demand pressures and, most importantly, increased court efficacy in both adjudication and enforcement. The Brazilian experience offers valuable policy lessons about viable court reforms for other jurisdictions.

Research paper thumbnail of Unclogging Courts by Targeting Litigant Incentives: The Case of the Brazilian Labour Justice Reform

Bulletin of Latin American Research, 2022

Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. I... more Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. Instead of boosting judicial resources or adapting procedure, Brazil tackled persistent backlogs and delays in its labour courts by replacing the pre-existing each-pays-their-own-costs (American) rule for allocation of litigation expenses with an alternative loser-pays-all (English) rule. Using a newly assembled court-level panel dataset and difference-indifferences approach, we show that the reform alleviated the courts' demand pressures and, most importantly, increased court efficacy in both adjudication and enforcement. The Brazilian experience offers valuable policy lessons about viable court reforms for other jurisdictions.

Research paper thumbnail of Avaliação de modelos de descrição de processos judiciais

ISKO Brasil, v.6, 2019; 331-341, Apr 19, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Multidomain judging and administration of justice: evidence from a major emerging-market jurisdiction

International Review of Administrative Sciences, Mar 24, 2022

Inefficacious courts and limited judicial resources are a ubiquitous problem in many jurisdiction... more Inefficacious courts and limited judicial resources are a ubiquitous problem in many jurisdictions worldwide. To facilitate administration of justice, court administrators must therefore resort to unconventional practices. In Brazilian state and federal courts, judges normally assigned to the disposition of cases in a single domain are often directed to dispose cases in an additional domain, thus engaging in multidomain judging. Using a comprehensive court-level panel dataset, we investigate the consequences of multidomain judging for the efficacy of Brazilian administration of justice. In contrast to conventional wisdom, we find no evidence that multidomain judging reduces court efficacy in resolution of special-procedure cases and appeals to special-procedure cases. Multidomain judging evidently reduces court efficacy exclusively in the resolution of ordinary-procedure cases, and even then only when judges assigned to the disposition of those cases are instructed to additionally resolve special-procedure cases. We discuss plausible explanations for this and the policy implications of our findings. Multidomain judging in Brazil is best viewed as a pragmatic policy response to binding resource constraints in justice administration. Our analysis reveals in what contexts multidomain judging does not appear to harm court efficacy and when, in contrast, a reduction in the extent of multidomain judging would improve court efficacy. Our article offers the first evidence-based insight into the efficacy repercussions of a pervasive yet understudied administrative practice in Brazilian courts. Because related administrative practices are known to exist in other jurisdictions, our findings have implications beyond Brazilian borders.

Research paper thumbnail of How has the Covid19 pandemic impacted the courts of law? Evidence from Brazil

International Review of Law and Economics, 2021

We provide empirical insight into the consequences of the Covid19 pandemic for the administration... more We provide empirical insight into the consequences of the Covid19 pandemic for the administration of justice Drawing on a comprehensive monthly panel of Brazilian labor courts and using a difference-in-difference approach, we show that the pandemic has had a large and persistent deleterious effect on adjudicatory efficacy, leading to a massive decrease in the clearance rate and an increase in court backlogs The pandemic has affected how courts dispose adjudication cases, expectedly causing a plummeting in the share of disputes resolved via trial hearings and, less predictably, exerting a temporally non-linear effect on the share of in-court settlements Notably, we find no evidence of an effect of the pandemic on efficacy in enforcement Although the pandemic led to an increase in the share of new filings requiring enforcement, any effect on the relative use of enforcement to execute court-ordered payments has been intermittent and temporary The intensity of the pandemic has been an important moderating factor

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of the Performance of Lawyers on Judicial Proceedings: A Literature Review

Ciências e Políticas Públicas / Public Sciences & Policies, 2019

This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outco... more This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outcome of the judicial decision. The findings were: the concentration of research in the United States (81.25 percent), civil jurisdiction (62.5 percent), the year of publication in general in the 2010 decade (56.25 percent) and the predominant use of the observational method (75 percent). The great methodological difficulty of these researches is to identify with precision if the impact in the judicial decision stems from the lawyer's performance or if it is only a consequence of the characteristics of the processes that are being judged, which can be achieved through experiments with research design with distribution cases to balance hidden variables.

Research paper thumbnail of O Impacto da Atuação dos Advogados em Processos Judiciais: Uma Revisão da Literatura

Ciências e Políticas Públicas / Public Sciences & Policies, 2019

This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outco... more This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outcome of the judicial decision. The findings were: the concentration of research in the United States (81.25 percent), civil jurisdiction (62.5 percent), the year of publication in general in the 2010 decade (56.25 percent) and the predominant use of the observational method (75 percent). The great methodological difficulty of these researches is to identify with precision if the impact in the judicial decision stems from the lawyer's performance or if it is only a consequence of the characteristics of the processes that are being judged, which can be achieved through experiments with research design with distribution cases to balance hidden variables.

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Attorneys on Judicial Decisions: Empirical Evidence from Civil Cases

International Journal for Court Administration, 2018

This article analyses the impact of attorneys on the outcome of judicial decisions in civil cases... more This article analyses the impact of attorneys on the outcome of judicial decisions in civil cases. We currently have little quantitative information about the effect of attorneys on the outcome of civil cases due to (i) the nonrandom pairing of attorneys and cases and (ii) the difficulty in accurately defining what a favorable decision in a civil case is. The Office of the Solicitor General of the Union in Brazil presents a unique research opportunity, since it assigns cases among its attorneys on a random basis and has standardized rules to record outcomes of civil cases. We analyzed the work performed by 386 Federal Attorneys and their impact on 30,821 judicial decisions. Significant win-rate differences among attorneys were detected in half of the 70 teams surveyed. The fact that attorneys achieve different outcomes, despite working in the same type of cases, indicates how judicial decisions can be affected by the work of a attorney in the civil area. No statistical correlation between attorney experience and outcome of civil cases was detected.

Research paper thumbnail of MODELOS DE MATURIDADE PARA A GESTÃO DA INFORMAÇÃO E DOCUMENTOS

Anais do XXI Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação – XXI ENANCIB, 2021

Os modelos de maturidade são instrumentos para identificar o estágio em que se encontra a gestão ... more Os modelos de maturidade são instrumentos para identificar o estágio em que se encontra a gestão em determinada área de uma organização. Eles são úteis para a formulação de uma política institucional de gestão e como instrumento de planejamento, aonde se quer chegar. O problema de pesquisa consiste na seguinte pergunta: quais são as limitações dos modelos de maturidade para a gestão da informação e documentos? Os procedimentos metodológicos consistem em atualizar a revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o assunto. Foram identificados 36 modelos de maturidade de gestão da informação e documentos e reunidos 11 atributos para comparação. Como resultados foram verificados pontos positivos relacionados à utilidade do instrumento para a gestão, a gratuidade da maior parte dos modelos e a utilização da auto avaliação como formato predominante. Os pontos negativos foram a falta generalizada de uma estrutura de desenvolvimento dos modelos, a ausência de método de avaliação/aplicação/diagnóstico na maior parte dos modelos e a baixa sustentabilidade no tempo e rastreabilidade dos critérios de avaliação. Concluímos que se trata de campo de pesquisa promissor para desenvolvimento e contribuição para a gestão da informação e documentos.

Research paper thumbnail of Uso do Aprendizado de Máquina para a Classificação Automática de Documentos de Arquivo

Tendências da Pesquisa Brasileira em Ciência da Informação, 2023

A evolução recente das tecnologias leva à seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: o aprendizado de máquina... more A evolução recente das tecnologias leva à seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: o aprendizado de máquina pode contribuir com a classificação automática de documentos de arquivo de uma organização pública? Os procedimentos metodológicos consistem na revisão de literatura e nas tarefas propostas pelo modelo CRISP-DM em um experimento com 4.800 documentos, divididos em 24 classes. Foram desenvolvidos 20 (vinte) modelos de aprendizagem supervisionada aplicados a três vocabulários criados (nomes de pessoas, lugares e tempo). O melhor resultado foi o F1 score de 0,870. É proposto um subprocesso específico para trabalhar o espaço de aperfeiçoamento do modelo de classificação com base na Ciência da Informação e Arquivologia.

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Attorneys on Judicial Decisions: Empirical Evidence from Civil Cases

International Journal for Court Administration, Jul 17, 2018

This article analyses the impact of attorneys on the outcome of judicial decisions in civil cases... more This article analyses the impact of attorneys on the outcome of judicial decisions in civil cases. We currently have little quantitative information about the effect of attorneys on the outcome of civil cases due to (i) the nonrandom pairing of attorneys and cases and (ii) the difficulty in accurately defining what a favorable decision in a civil case is. The Office of the Solicitor General of the Union in Brazil presents a unique research opportunity, since it assigns cases among its attorneys on a random basis and has standardized rules to record outcomes of civil cases. We analyzed the work performed by 386 Federal Attorneys and their impact on 30,821 judicial decisions. Significant win-rate differences among attorneys were detected in half of the 70 teams surveyed. The fact that attorneys achieve different outcomes, despite working in the same type of cases, indicates how judicial decisions can be affected by the work of an attorney in the civil area. No statistical correlation between attorney experience and outcome of civil cases was detected.

Research paper thumbnail of Multidomain judging and administration of justice: evidence from a major emerging-market jurisdiction

International Review of Administrative Sciences, Mar 24, 2022

Inefficacious courts and limited judicial resources are a ubiquitous problem in many jurisdiction... more Inefficacious courts and limited judicial resources are a ubiquitous problem in many jurisdictions worldwide. To facilitate administration of justice, court administrators must therefore resort to unconventional practices. In Brazilian state and federal courts, judges normally assigned to the disposition of cases in a single domain are often directed to dispose cases in an additional domain, thus engaging in multidomain judging. Using a comprehensive court-level panel dataset, we investigate the consequences of multidomain judging for the efficacy of Brazilian administration of justice. In contrast to conventional wisdom, we find no evidence that multidomain judging reduces court efficacy in resolution of special-procedure cases and appeals to special-procedure cases. Multidomain judging evidently reduces court efficacy exclusively in the resolution of ordinary-procedure cases, and even then only when judges assigned to the disposition of those cases are instructed to additionally resolve special-procedure cases. We discuss plausible explanations for this and the policy implications of our findings. Multidomain judging in Brazil is best viewed as a pragmatic policy response to binding resource constraints in justice administration. Our analysis reveals in what contexts multidomain judging does not appear to harm court efficacy and when, in contrast, a reduction in the extent of multidomain judging would improve court efficacy. Our article offers the first evidence-based insight into the efficacy repercussions of a pervasive yet understudied administrative practice in Brazilian courts. Because related administrative practices are known to exist in other jurisdictions, our findings have implications beyond Brazilian borders.

Research paper thumbnail of O Impacto da Atuação dos Advogados em Processos Judiciais: Uma Revisão da Literatura

Ciências e políticas públicas, Jun 1, 2019

This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outco... more This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outcome of the judicial decision. The findings were: the concentration of research in the United States (81.25 percent), civil jurisdiction (62.5 percent), the year of publication in general in the 2010 decade (56.25 percent) and the predominant use of the observational method (75 percent). The great methodological difficulty of these researches is to identify with precision if the impact in the judicial decision stems from the lawyer's performance or if it is only a consequence of the characteristics of the processes that are being judged, which can be achieved through experiments with research design with distribution cases to balance hidden variables.

Research paper thumbnail of Avaliação de modelos de descrição de processos judiciais

Research paper thumbnail of Engenharia de Documentos e suas relações com a Arquivologia e a Ciência da Informação

Em Questão, Apr 23, 2020

Considerando a importância crescente da tecnologia da informação, formulamos a seguinte pergunta:... more Considerando a importância crescente da tecnologia da informação, formulamos a seguinte pergunta: como a Engenharia de Documentos pode contribuir com a Arquivologia e a Ciência da Informação? Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral deste trabalho consiste em comparar e articular os seus diferentes enfoques em relação aos documentos e as informações. A metodologia a ser utilizada é a pesquisa documental combinada com a análise qualitativa dos documentos. A seleção de trabalhos, entre 1900 e abril de 2019, foi iniciada pela busca textual com os operadores: engenharia de documentos, document engineering, ingénierie documentaire e ingeniería documental, nas seguintes bases: Base de Dados em Ciência da Informação

Research paper thumbnail of How has the Covid19 pandemic impacted the courts of law? Evidence from Brazil

International Review of Law and Economics, Jun 1, 2021

We provide empirical insight into the consequences of the Covid19 pandemic for the administration... more We provide empirical insight into the consequences of the Covid19 pandemic for the administration of justice Drawing on a comprehensive monthly panel of Brazilian labor courts and using a difference-in-difference approach, we show that the pandemic has had a large and persistent deleterious effect on adjudicatory efficacy, leading to a massive decrease in the clearance rate and an increase in court backlogs The pandemic has affected how courts dispose adjudication cases, expectedly causing a plummeting in the share of disputes resolved via trial hearings and, less predictably, exerting a temporally non-linear effect on the share of in-court settlements Notably, we find no evidence of an effect of the pandemic on efficacy in enforcement Although the pandemic led to an increase in the share of new filings requiring enforcement, any effect on the relative use of enforcement to execute court-ordered payments has been intermittent and temporary The intensity of the pandemic has been an important moderating factor

Research paper thumbnail of Does electronic case-processing enhance court efficacy? New quantitative evidence

Government Information Quarterly

We empirically investigate the effect of electronic case-processing on court efficacy. We draw on... more We empirically investigate the effect of electronic case-processing on court efficacy. We draw on monthly courtlevel panel data on adjudication and enforcement in Brazilian labor justice, a major pillar of the Brazilian justice system where electronic case-processing is a recent phenomenon and court inefficacy has been a pervasive concern. Using dynamic panel methods and multiple estimation approaches to address endogeneity, we show, first and foremost, that in both adjudication and enforcement a shift to electronic case-processing unequivocally increases judicial productivity and court clearance rate while reducing case disposition times. In adjudication, electronification exhibits diminishing marginal returns: additional electronification does not yield further efficacy gains once the share of electronically-processed court caseload is between 50% and 75%. We do not find similarly stark evidence of plateauing of the effect of electronification in enforcement, a key court activity domain where attaining fully electronic case-processing would thus be especially advantageous. Overall, our findings suggest that electronic case-processing provides one viable path to unclogging courts and enhancing administration of justice.

Research paper thumbnail of Unclogging Courts by Targeting Litigant Incentives: The Case of the Brazilian Labour Justice Reform

Bulletin of Latin American Research, Sep 18, 2022

Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. I... more Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. Instead of boosting judicial resources or adapting procedure, Brazil tackled persistent backlogs and delays in its labour courts by replacing the pre‐existing each‐pays‐their‐own‐costs (American) rule for allocation of litigation expenses with an alternative loser‐pays‐all (English) rule. Using a newly assembled court‐level panel dataset and difference‐in‐differences approach, we show that the reform alleviated the courts' demand pressures and, most importantly, increased court efficacy in both adjudication and enforcement. The Brazilian experience offers valuable policy lessons about viable court reforms for other jurisdictions.

Research paper thumbnail of Does electronic case-processing enhance court efficacy? New quantitative evidence

Government Information Quarterly, 2023

We empirically investigate the effect of electronic case-processing on court efficacy. We draw on... more We empirically investigate the effect of electronic case-processing on court efficacy. We draw on monthly courtlevel panel data on adjudication and enforcement in Brazilian labor justice, a major pillar of the Brazilian justice system where electronic case-processing is a recent phenomenon and court inefficacy has been a pervasive concern. Using dynamic panel methods and multiple estimation approaches to address endogeneity, we show, first and foremost, that in both adjudication and enforcement a shift to electronic case-processing unequivocally increases judicial productivity and court clearance rate while reducing case disposition times. In adjudication, electronification exhibits diminishing marginal returns: additional electronification does not yield further efficacy gains once the share of electronically-processed court caseload is between 50% and 75%. We do not find similarly stark evidence of plateauing of the effect of electronification in enforcement, a key court activity domain where attaining fully electronic case-processing would thus be especially advantageous. Overall, our findings suggest that electronic case-processing provides one viable path to unclogging courts and enhancing administration of justice.

Research paper thumbnail of Contribuições do Uso da Aprendizagem de Máquina para a Avaliação de Documentos de Arquivo

Anais do XXII Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação – XXII ENANCIB, 2023

A transformação digital nos últimos 30 anos não resultou em avanços significativos na qualidade d... more A transformação digital nos últimos 30 anos não resultou em avanços significativos na qualidade da gestão de documentos nas organizações, mas diante da evolução das tecnologias e métodos é que se pergunta: o uso de algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina pode contribuir com a avaliação de documentos de arquivo por meio da sugestão do código de classificação a ser atribuído a um documento de uma organização pública? Os procedimentos metodológicos consistem na revisão de literatura e nas tarefas propostas pelo modelo CRISP-DM (Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining) em um experimento com 1.768 documentos de 598 processos da Advocacia-Geral da União. Foram desenvolvidos modelos de aprendizagem supervisionada com o uso de algoritmos especializados para fazer a atribuição automatizada do código de classificação do documento de forma a apoiar o processo de avaliação.

Research paper thumbnail of Unclogging Courts by Targeting Litigant Incentives: The Case of the Brazilian Labour Justice Reform

Bulletin of Latin American Research

Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. I... more Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. Instead of boosting judicial resources or adapting procedure, Brazil tackled persistent backlogs and delays in its labour courts by replacing the pre-existing each-pays-their-own-costs (American) rule for allocation of litigation expenses with an alternative loser-pays-all (English) rule. Using a newly assembled court-level panel dataset and difference-indifferences approach, we show that the reform alleviated the courts' demand pressures and, most importantly, increased court efficacy in both adjudication and enforcement. The Brazilian experience offers valuable policy lessons about viable court reforms for other jurisdictions.

Research paper thumbnail of Unclogging Courts by Targeting Litigant Incentives: The Case of the Brazilian Labour Justice Reform

Bulletin of Latin American Research, 2022

Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. I... more Overburdened courts hinder economic and social progress, yet successful court reforms are rare. Instead of boosting judicial resources or adapting procedure, Brazil tackled persistent backlogs and delays in its labour courts by replacing the pre-existing each-pays-their-own-costs (American) rule for allocation of litigation expenses with an alternative loser-pays-all (English) rule. Using a newly assembled court-level panel dataset and difference-indifferences approach, we show that the reform alleviated the courts' demand pressures and, most importantly, increased court efficacy in both adjudication and enforcement. The Brazilian experience offers valuable policy lessons about viable court reforms for other jurisdictions.

Research paper thumbnail of Avaliação de modelos de descrição de processos judiciais

ISKO Brasil, v.6, 2019; 331-341, Apr 19, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Multidomain judging and administration of justice: evidence from a major emerging-market jurisdiction

International Review of Administrative Sciences, Mar 24, 2022

Inefficacious courts and limited judicial resources are a ubiquitous problem in many jurisdiction... more Inefficacious courts and limited judicial resources are a ubiquitous problem in many jurisdictions worldwide. To facilitate administration of justice, court administrators must therefore resort to unconventional practices. In Brazilian state and federal courts, judges normally assigned to the disposition of cases in a single domain are often directed to dispose cases in an additional domain, thus engaging in multidomain judging. Using a comprehensive court-level panel dataset, we investigate the consequences of multidomain judging for the efficacy of Brazilian administration of justice. In contrast to conventional wisdom, we find no evidence that multidomain judging reduces court efficacy in resolution of special-procedure cases and appeals to special-procedure cases. Multidomain judging evidently reduces court efficacy exclusively in the resolution of ordinary-procedure cases, and even then only when judges assigned to the disposition of those cases are instructed to additionally resolve special-procedure cases. We discuss plausible explanations for this and the policy implications of our findings. Multidomain judging in Brazil is best viewed as a pragmatic policy response to binding resource constraints in justice administration. Our analysis reveals in what contexts multidomain judging does not appear to harm court efficacy and when, in contrast, a reduction in the extent of multidomain judging would improve court efficacy. Our article offers the first evidence-based insight into the efficacy repercussions of a pervasive yet understudied administrative practice in Brazilian courts. Because related administrative practices are known to exist in other jurisdictions, our findings have implications beyond Brazilian borders.

Research paper thumbnail of How has the Covid19 pandemic impacted the courts of law? Evidence from Brazil

International Review of Law and Economics, 2021

We provide empirical insight into the consequences of the Covid19 pandemic for the administration... more We provide empirical insight into the consequences of the Covid19 pandemic for the administration of justice Drawing on a comprehensive monthly panel of Brazilian labor courts and using a difference-in-difference approach, we show that the pandemic has had a large and persistent deleterious effect on adjudicatory efficacy, leading to a massive decrease in the clearance rate and an increase in court backlogs The pandemic has affected how courts dispose adjudication cases, expectedly causing a plummeting in the share of disputes resolved via trial hearings and, less predictably, exerting a temporally non-linear effect on the share of in-court settlements Notably, we find no evidence of an effect of the pandemic on efficacy in enforcement Although the pandemic led to an increase in the share of new filings requiring enforcement, any effect on the relative use of enforcement to execute court-ordered payments has been intermittent and temporary The intensity of the pandemic has been an important moderating factor

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of the Performance of Lawyers on Judicial Proceedings: A Literature Review

Ciências e Políticas Públicas / Public Sciences & Policies, 2019

This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outco... more This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outcome of the judicial decision. The findings were: the concentration of research in the United States (81.25 percent), civil jurisdiction (62.5 percent), the year of publication in general in the 2010 decade (56.25 percent) and the predominant use of the observational method (75 percent). The great methodological difficulty of these researches is to identify with precision if the impact in the judicial decision stems from the lawyer's performance or if it is only a consequence of the characteristics of the processes that are being judged, which can be achieved through experiments with research design with distribution cases to balance hidden variables.

Research paper thumbnail of O Impacto da Atuação dos Advogados em Processos Judiciais: Uma Revisão da Literatura

Ciências e Políticas Públicas / Public Sciences & Policies, 2019

This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outco... more This article analyzed 32 empirical studies on the impact of the lawyer's performance on the outcome of the judicial decision. The findings were: the concentration of research in the United States (81.25 percent), civil jurisdiction (62.5 percent), the year of publication in general in the 2010 decade (56.25 percent) and the predominant use of the observational method (75 percent). The great methodological difficulty of these researches is to identify with precision if the impact in the judicial decision stems from the lawyer's performance or if it is only a consequence of the characteristics of the processes that are being judged, which can be achieved through experiments with research design with distribution cases to balance hidden variables.

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Attorneys on Judicial Decisions: Empirical Evidence from Civil Cases

International Journal for Court Administration, 2018

This article analyses the impact of attorneys on the outcome of judicial decisions in civil cases... more This article analyses the impact of attorneys on the outcome of judicial decisions in civil cases. We currently have little quantitative information about the effect of attorneys on the outcome of civil cases due to (i) the nonrandom pairing of attorneys and cases and (ii) the difficulty in accurately defining what a favorable decision in a civil case is. The Office of the Solicitor General of the Union in Brazil presents a unique research opportunity, since it assigns cases among its attorneys on a random basis and has standardized rules to record outcomes of civil cases. We analyzed the work performed by 386 Federal Attorneys and their impact on 30,821 judicial decisions. Significant win-rate differences among attorneys were detected in half of the 70 teams surveyed. The fact that attorneys achieve different outcomes, despite working in the same type of cases, indicates how judicial decisions can be affected by the work of a attorney in the civil area. No statistical correlation between attorney experience and outcome of civil cases was detected.

Research paper thumbnail of MODELOS DE MATURIDADE PARA A GESTÃO DA INFORMAÇÃO E DOCUMENTOS

Anais do XXI Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação – XXI ENANCIB, 2021

Os modelos de maturidade são instrumentos para identificar o estágio em que se encontra a gestão ... more Os modelos de maturidade são instrumentos para identificar o estágio em que se encontra a gestão em determinada área de uma organização. Eles são úteis para a formulação de uma política institucional de gestão e como instrumento de planejamento, aonde se quer chegar. O problema de pesquisa consiste na seguinte pergunta: quais são as limitações dos modelos de maturidade para a gestão da informação e documentos? Os procedimentos metodológicos consistem em atualizar a revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o assunto. Foram identificados 36 modelos de maturidade de gestão da informação e documentos e reunidos 11 atributos para comparação. Como resultados foram verificados pontos positivos relacionados à utilidade do instrumento para a gestão, a gratuidade da maior parte dos modelos e a utilização da auto avaliação como formato predominante. Os pontos negativos foram a falta generalizada de uma estrutura de desenvolvimento dos modelos, a ausência de método de avaliação/aplicação/diagnóstico na maior parte dos modelos e a baixa sustentabilidade no tempo e rastreabilidade dos critérios de avaliação. Concluímos que se trata de campo de pesquisa promissor para desenvolvimento e contribuição para a gestão da informação e documentos.

Research paper thumbnail of Monitoramento e avaliação nas Procuradorias Gerais

Encontro Nordeste de Advocacia Pública, 2019

Apresentação no III Encontro Nordeste de Advocacia Pública

Research paper thumbnail of Apresentação - Tópicos Especiais em Arquitetura da Informação

Apresentação na disciplina "Tópicos Especiais em Arquitetura da Informação: Linguística Computaci... more Apresentação na disciplina "Tópicos Especiais em Arquitetura da Informação: Linguística Computacional e Ontologias aplicadas ao Tratamento da Informação" do Professor: Cláudio Gottschalg Duque do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Ciência da Informação da Universidade de Brasília

Research paper thumbnail of Pocket project - Visualização e rastreamento

Apresentação de pocket project na disciplina "Tópicos Especiais em Arquitetura da Informação: Lin... more Apresentação de pocket project na disciplina "Tópicos Especiais em Arquitetura da Informação: Linguística Computacional e Ontologias aplicadas ao Tratamento da Informação" do Professor Cláudio Gottschalg Duque do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Ciência da Informação da Universidade de Brasília.

Research paper thumbnail of Projeto - Representação de informações de processos judiciais

Apresentação na disciplina Fundamento da Ciência da Informação dos Professores Georgete Medleg Ro... more Apresentação na disciplina Fundamento da Ciência da Informação dos Professores Georgete Medleg Rodrigues e Rodrigo Rabello do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Ciência da Informação da Universidade de Brasília.

Research paper thumbnail of Projeto - A classificação de assuntos

Apresentação na disciplina Fundamento em Organização da Informação dos Professores Rogério Henriq... more Apresentação na disciplina Fundamento em Organização da Informação dos Professores Rogério Henrique de Araújo Júnior e Renato Tarciso Barbosa de Souza do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Ciência da Informação da Universidade de Brasília.

Research paper thumbnail of Apresentação - Pesquisa ação

Apresentação de Pesquisa Ação em Seminários de métodos de pesquisa da "Disciplina Metodologia da ... more Apresentação de Pesquisa Ação em Seminários de métodos de pesquisa da "Disciplina Metodologia da Pesquisa Científica" dos Professores Fernanda Passini Moreno e Fernando César Lima Leite no Programa de Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Ciência da Informação da Universidade de Brasília.

Research paper thumbnail of Organização, Rastreamento e Visualização Georreferenciada de informações de processos judiciais: contribuições da Ciência da Informação

IV Encontro de Pesquisa Empírica em Direito, 2014

Comunicação oral

Research paper thumbnail of Representação das informações de processos judiciais

Objetiva elaborar os requisitos de um modelo de descrição de informações de funções e atividades ... more Objetiva elaborar os requisitos de um modelo de descrição de informações de funções e atividades de processos judiciais para Sistemas informatizados de gestão arquivística de documentos (SIGADs) que tornem mais rápida e precisa a recuperação
de informações. Os processos judiciais são conjuntos de atos ordenados pelo Estado com a finalidade de prestar a jurisdição (aplicação vinculante da lei aos fatos e atos).
O maior desafio encontrado no Brasil é reduzir a lentidão no julgamento dos processos judiciais: o prazo médio é de 11 anos em para a conclusão em definitivo de um processo judicial na Justiça Federal Comum; e são mais de 109,1 milhões que aguardavam julgamento em 2017. A metodologia de pesquisa é composta por pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e estudo de caso, subdividida em quatro
etapas. A primeira delas consiste na revisão de literatura de diplomática, tipologia documental, records continuum, as funções arquivísticas de criação, classificação, descrição e identificação, Engenharia de Documentos, Business Process Management, modelos de informação jurídica e Direito. Em segundo lugar, são avaliados os modelos de representação de informações de processos judiciais: Australian Judgment XML Standard, Modelo Nacional de Interoperabilidade do
Conselho Nacional de Justiça, Electronic Court Filing, Akoma Ntoso, LegalRuleML e NOBRADE. Na terceira etapa foram identificadas as espécies e os tipos documentais do processo judicial selecionado. Como resultados da pesquisa foi elaborada proposta de elementos de descrição de processos judiciais que atendem os requisitos
jurídicos de representação de processos judiciais. Foram identificadas, com apoio na literatura revisada, lacunas nos modelos avaliados, o que evidenciou a necessidade da proposta conter novos elementos de descrição. Os procedimentos de descrição tiveram que ser colocados na perspectiva do records continuum desde os preparativos da criação do documento eletrônico como abordagem para atender a complexidade
das informações jurídicas a serem representadas.

Research paper thumbnail of A Arquitetura de Metadados de Processos Judiciais

Anais do XV Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação, 2014

O presente trabalho busca apresentar a importância da arquitetura de metadados para a adequada or... more O presente trabalho busca apresentar a importância da arquitetura de metadados para a adequada organização e recuperação da informação. Primeiro é feito um panorama do volume excessivo de processos judiciais em tramitação no Brasil para depois discorrer sobre
as possibilidades na utilização adequada dos metadados em auxílio à tramitação e julgamento mais ágeis com o objetivo de reduzir a taxa de congestionamento existente. Em seguida, são feitas considerações iniciais sobre os metadados e a arquitetura instituída pelo Conselho
Nacional de Justiça. São depois abordados os metadados existentes para assunto, classe e tramitações dos processos judiciais, bem como para o resultado de decisões judiciais. Foi observada a necessidade de ajustes nas tabelas para que a informação possa ser representada
com maior precisão, em especial no que se refere ao assunto processual. A utilização de metadados para a recuperação de informação de processos judiciais ainda não foi objeto de
estudos no Brasil, o que abre muito campo para futuras pesquisas no assunto.

This study aims to present the importance of metadata architecture for the suitable organization and retrieval of information. First an overview is made of the excessive volume of lawsuits pending in Brazil and then discuss the possibilities in the appropriate use of metadata to aid in processing and more agile trial aiming to reduce the rate of existing
congestion. Then, initial considerations on the metadata and the architecture established by the National Council of Justice are made. Are then discussed the existing metadata for subject, class and formalities of the lawsuits as well as for the result of judicial decisions. The need for adjustments were observed in the tables so that the information can be represented with greater accuracy, especially in regard to the procedural issue. The use of metadata for information retrieval lawsuits has not yet been the subject of studies in Brazil, which opens much scope for future research on the subject.

Research paper thumbnail of Discurso jurídico e as formas documentais: categorias de documento jurídico e a Teoria do Fato Jurídico

Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Biblioteconomia, Documentação e Ciência da Informação, 2019

Os estudos sobre informações jurídicas na Ciência da Informação ainda apresentam dificuldades par... more Os estudos sobre informações jurídicas na Ciência da Informação ainda apresentam dificuldades para lidar com a complexidade do discurso jurídico. O objetivo geral deste trabalho consiste em comparar e articular os diferentes enfoques adotados na literatura especializada de Biblioteconomia, Documentação Jurídica, Ciência da Informação e Direito. O método de pesquisa utilizado consistiu em pesquisa documental com a análise qualitativa dos documentos que relacionaram conceitos relativos a modalidades de discurso jurídico,
categorias de documento jurídico, fontes de informação jurídica, categorias de espécies documentais e a Teoria do Fato Jurídico. O resultado da pesquisa identificou lacunas para a representação de informações do Direito na perspectiva da Teoria do Fato Jurídico. Foi proposto o aperfeiçoamento da definição de documento jurídico e a criação de duas novas categorias de documentos jurídicos.

Research paper thumbnail of Gerenciamento de processos de negócio e Gestão arquivística de documentos: uma proposta de aproximação a partir da Engenharia de Documentos

XX Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação, 2019

A abordagem não integrada do Gerenciamento de Processos de Negócio (Business Process Management -... more A abordagem não integrada do Gerenciamento de Processos de Negócio (Business Process Management - BPM) com a Gestão Arquivística de Documentos reduz os benefícios potenciais esperados dos programas de gestão da informação. Nesse sentido, como pode ser aperfeiçoada a descrição de documentos de arquivo para que atendam simultaneamente aos requisitos do Gerenciamento de Processos de Negócio e aos princípios arquivísticos? A presente pesquisa fez a revisão sistemática da literatura de Tipologia Documental, Gênese Documental, Descrição Arquivística, Engenharia de Documentos e Documentação Jurídica. Em seguida foi feito estudo de caso de autos de processo judicial com três diferentes formatos de descrição: a) Fluxo Documental com Atividades; b) Fluxo de Atividades; c) Fluxo de Tarefas associadas a tipos documentais. Por fim, foi elaborada proposta de requisitos de descrição de funções, atividades e seus desdobramentos que simultaneamente atendam ao Gerenciamento de Processos de Negócio e aos princípios arquivísticos. A conclusão é de que a proposta reforça os princípios da proveniência, da organicidade e da ordem natural, bem como o vínculo arquivístico dos documentos de arquivo.

Research paper thumbnail of Discurso jurídico e as formas documentais: categorias de documentos jurídicos e a Teoria do Fato Jurídico

VI Seminário Nacional de Documentação e Informaão Jurídicas, 2019

Trabalho apresentado