Simuzar S U L T A N Mammadova | Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC) (original) (raw)
Papers by Simuzar S U L T A N Mammadova
World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2024
This litrature review paper highlights the role of phytocannabinoids in controlling cervical canc... more This litrature review paper highlights the role of phytocannabinoids in controlling cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death among females worldwide. Cervical cancer (CC) is a malignant form of tumor which originates in the cervix. Cervical cancer, which develops in a woman's cervix, is the second-most common cancer among women in India The causative agent of cervical cancer is persistent infection with high-risk subtypes of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and the E5, E6 and E7 viral onco-proteins cooperate with host factors to induce and maintain the malignant phenotype. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for subclinical/clinical lesions in cervical cancer. HPV types 16 and 18 are the most common HPV types identified in invasive cervical cancer. Currently, the recommended therapeutic regimens include chemotherapy, radiation therapy either alone or in combination and surgical interventions. However, they present several limitations including side effects or ineffectiveness. Medicinal plants including Cannabis sativa have been used for decades for health benefits and to treat several different diseases including cervical cancer. Cannabis has been used for thousands of years for recreational, medicinal, or religious purposes. Phytocannabinoids are cannabinoids that occur naturally in the cannabis plant. The two phytocannabinoids the most well known for their therapeutic properties are, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD). Cannabis and cannabinoids hold big promise for cancer therapy. However, there is a need to understand more about the role of Endocannabinoid system (ECS) in normal human physiology and malignant transformations. Molecular mechanisms of Endocannabinoid system (ECS) regulation and anticancer properties of cannabis also need to be clarified. The treatment durations in the existing trials are also of concern. Future epidemiological and clinical studies are required to further assess the benefits of herbal medicines for the prevention of cervical cancer. In addition, preclinical and human clinical trial evaluations of cannabis for cervical cancer treatment have not specifically been conducted, so further investigations related to this are warranted. Therefore, HPV immunization programme is the best ideal solution for the eradication of cervical cancer.
Economic and Social Development 55th International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social Development Development, 2020
ABSTRACT The role of marketing factors in ensuring of sustainable socio-economic development has... more ABSTRACT
The role of marketing factors in ensuring of sustainable socio-economic development has been investigated, mutual relations between economic growth and economic development and differences between them have been analyzed, the importance for conducting of definitely planned state policy for providing of continuous economic development has been emphasized in the article. The influence of marketing elements to economic development and its impact to the life level of individuals in the society has been put forward. Moreover, being of rapid development of science and technology as an important factor for economic development has been substantiated. The great importance of these factors for transition to growth of productivity in agrarian field, also to industrialization process, the impossibility of success of economic development policy without technical progress has been emphasized. Consumers distinguish seriously each other for their needs, purchase motives, behaviors, tastes, social statuses, lifestyles and other factors. Therefore, no enterprise has almost to make a product that can fully meet the needs of all consumers. Enterprises, which take it into account, must implement the segmentation of markets and focus their activities on market segments that are more relevant to their capabilities, resources and goals and allow them to obtain more profit. In order to meet fully the needs of the selected market segments, enterprises must make special marketing programs and strategies to carry out the differentiation and identification of products. Finally, the analysis of the principal socio-economic indicators in macroeconomic marketing analysis of processing industry has been conducted.
İNSAN KAYNAKLARI YÖNETİMİNDE İŞ ANALİZİ, 2022
ÖZET Bu makale insan kaynakları yönetiminde iş analizinin genel manasıyla alakalı bilmemiz gereke... more ÖZET
Bu makale insan kaynakları yönetiminde iş analizinin genel manasıyla alakalı bilmemiz gereken
süreçleri kapsamaktadır. İhtiyaç duyulan ve kazanılan personelin analizi ve tanımlanması insan
kaynakları planlamasında organizasyonun stratejik amaçları doğrultusundaki bir süreçtir. En mühim şey
ise, doğru sayıda, doğru nitelikte, doğru zamanda ve doğru yerde organizasyon içinlüzumlu olan
personelin olduğu için güvenli olmaktadır. Bu mevzuda insan kaynakları planları arasında muhtelif
yöntemler bulunmaktadır. Personelin organizasyon alanından başka bir konuma taşınması, çalışanın
işten çıkarılması, halihazırdaki çalışana eğitimler verilmesi veya gereken kısımda çalışan sayısının
yükselmesi insan kaynakları planlaması için yürütülebilmektedir.
Küreselleşme Sürekli yenilenen teknoloji ve aynı şekilde bu teknolojileri kullanabilecek insan
kaynağı da gerekirir. Gerek işletmeler gerekse de çalışanlar açısından teknolojik yeniliklere ayak
uydurulması bu bakımdan önemlidir. İnsan kaynakları yönetimi ile alakalı çok fazla tanım yapılmıştır.
İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi bir örgüt ve çevresel ortamda insan kaynaklarının örgüte, bireye, çevreye
yararlı olacak biçimde, kanunlara da uyularak etkin yönetimini sağlayan faaliyet ve çalışmaların tümü,
olarak tanımlanırken insan kaynaklarının işletmenin amaçları doğrultusunda en verimli bir şekilde
kullanılmasının ve personelin ihtiyaçlarının giderilmesi ile mesleki gelişimlerinin sağlanması şeklinde
de tanımlanmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: insan kaynakları yönetimi, ücret yönetimi, performans yönetimi, iş
analizi, iş tanımı.
Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a sign... more Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a significant impact on financial markets and macroeconomic indicators as they are used as raw materials in many fields. For this reason, Russia, Turkey, Brazil, and India, as energy importers and developing countries, may be affected positively or negatively by changes in energy prices. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the exchange rates of Brent oil, crude oil (WTI), natural gas, the US dollar index, and the Russian ruble. In the study, weekly data between February 6, 2022, and December 25, 2022 were examined. A vector autoregressive model (VAR) was used to examine the relationship between the variables included in the analysis, and the direction of the relationship between the variables was determined by the Granger causality test. According to the results of the VAR model, the WTI price has a significant effect on the USD/RUB rate, but the USD/RUB rate does not have a significant effect on the Brent and crude oil prices. On the other hand, the results of the Granger causality test confirm the findings of the VAR analysis.
Wseas Transactions On Business And Economics, Mar 18, 2022
The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the C... more The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic and the return of the country's economy to purposeful structural reforms to ensure productivity and economic growth gradually. Today, the main goal is to direct economic policy to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic. To analyze short-term economic indicators is important to control economic development in real-time to make operational decisions and to give decision-makers early signals of turning points in economic activity. Monitoring of processes that occurred in the real sector of the economy is carried out through questionnaires. The importance of determining the economic indicators required to assess economic activity in Azerbaijan is considered appropriate. The proposed economic confidence index is considered reliable and important for analysis, forecasting. Special software provides time sequence visualization and integration capabilities. The Economic Confidence Index should assess economic activity as the preventive indicator.
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Apr 13, 2023
Abstract The current challenges experienced by all nations promote the trade-off between the in... more Abstract
The current challenges experienced by all nations promote the trade-off
between the increase in economic performance and the protected environment. The investigation based on the energy economy has become an irreplaceable topic to determine the correct path for minimizing the trade-off
cost. Within this scope, this study has been performed to investigate the
causality nexus between the exports indicators (aggregated exports and the
ICT exports) and the energy consumption (renewable and nonrenewable
energy consumption of the selected five emerging countries. The
Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality analysis is performed on the annual data
between 2000 and 2014. As a consequence of the evidence, it is documented
that there are various causality relationships between the exports and the
energy consumption indicators in the light of the performed analysis at
different lags. However, the role of nonrenewable energy consumption is
more active in the economies of the considered countries. According to the
evidence, it is recommended for the emerging countries to invest and allocate
more funds to renewable energy resources to diminish the role of nonrenewable energy resources in the economy.
International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Jul 9, 2023
Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a sign... more Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a significant impact on financial markets and macroeconomic indicators as they are used as raw materials in many fields. For this reason, Russia, Turkey, Brazil, and India, as energy importers and developing countries, may be affected positively or negatively by changes in energy prices. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the exchange rates of Brent oil, crude oil (WTI), natural gas, the US dollar index, and the Russian ruble. In the study, weekly data between February 6, 2022, and December 25, 2022 were examined. A vector autoregressive model (VAR) was used to examine the relationship between the variables included in the analysis, and the direction of the relationship between the variables was determined by the Granger causality test. According to the results of the VAR model, the WTI price has a significant effect on the USD/RUB rate, but the USD/RUB rate does not have a significant effect on the Brent and crude oil prices. On the other hand, the results of the Granger causality test confirm the findings of the VAR analysis.
International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy
Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a sign... more Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a significant impact on financial markets and macroeconomic indicators as they are used as raw materials in many fields. For this reason, Russia, Turkey, Brazil, and India, as energy importers and developing countries, may be affected positively or negatively by changes in energy prices. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the exchange rates of Brent oil, crude oil (WTI), natural gas, the US dollar index, and the Russian ruble. In the study, weekly data between February 6, 2022, and December 25, 2022 were examined. A vector autoregressive model (VAR) was used to examine the relationship between the variables included in the analysis, and the direction of the relationship between the variables was determined by the Granger causality test. According to the results of the VAR model, the WTI price has a significant effect on the USD/RUB rate, but the USD/RU...
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Apr 13, 2023
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS, 2022
The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the C... more The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic and the return of the country's economy to purposeful structural reforms to ensure productivity and economic growth gradually. Today, the main goal is to direct economic policy to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic. To analyze short-term economic indicators is important to control economic development in real-time to make operational decisions and to give decision-makers early signals of turning points in economic activity. Monitoring of processes that occurred in the real sector of the economy is carried out through questionnaires. The importance of determining the economic indicators required to assess economic activity in Azerbaijan is considered appropriate. The proposed economic confidence index is considered reliable and important for analysis, forecasting. Special software provides time sequence
visualization and integration capabilities. The Economic Confidence Index should assess economic activity as the preventive indicator.
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS, 2022
The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the C... more The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic and the return of the country’s economy to purposeful structural reforms to ensure productivity and economic growth gradually. Today, the main goal is to direct economic policy to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic. To analyze short-term economic indicators is important to control economic development in real-time to make operational decisions and to give decision-makers early signals of turning points in economic activity. Monitoring of processes that occurred in the real sector of the economy is carried out through questionnaires. The importance of determining the economic indicators required to assess economic activity in Azerbaijan is considered appropriate. The proposed economic confidence index is considered reliable and important for analysis, forecasting. Special software provides time sequence visualization and integration capabilities. The Economic ...
Books by Simuzar S U L T A N Mammadova
Güncel araştırmalar çerçevesinde iklim değişikliği nedenler, sonuçlar ve mücadele politikaları, 2022
Abstract Environmental degradation has been the leading area that dominates thecurrent global pol... more Abstract
Environmental degradation has been the leading area that dominates thecurrent global political and economic policies. Nearly all agreementsnegotiated and signed by countries and the discourse and guides offered byintergovernmental organizations have emphasized the importance andrequirement of the actions preventing and mitigating global climate changes.
World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2024
This litrature review paper highlights the role of phytocannabinoids in controlling cervical canc... more This litrature review paper highlights the role of phytocannabinoids in controlling cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death among females worldwide. Cervical cancer (CC) is a malignant form of tumor which originates in the cervix. Cervical cancer, which develops in a woman's cervix, is the second-most common cancer among women in India The causative agent of cervical cancer is persistent infection with high-risk subtypes of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and the E5, E6 and E7 viral onco-proteins cooperate with host factors to induce and maintain the malignant phenotype. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for subclinical/clinical lesions in cervical cancer. HPV types 16 and 18 are the most common HPV types identified in invasive cervical cancer. Currently, the recommended therapeutic regimens include chemotherapy, radiation therapy either alone or in combination and surgical interventions. However, they present several limitations including side effects or ineffectiveness. Medicinal plants including Cannabis sativa have been used for decades for health benefits and to treat several different diseases including cervical cancer. Cannabis has been used for thousands of years for recreational, medicinal, or religious purposes. Phytocannabinoids are cannabinoids that occur naturally in the cannabis plant. The two phytocannabinoids the most well known for their therapeutic properties are, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD). Cannabis and cannabinoids hold big promise for cancer therapy. However, there is a need to understand more about the role of Endocannabinoid system (ECS) in normal human physiology and malignant transformations. Molecular mechanisms of Endocannabinoid system (ECS) regulation and anticancer properties of cannabis also need to be clarified. The treatment durations in the existing trials are also of concern. Future epidemiological and clinical studies are required to further assess the benefits of herbal medicines for the prevention of cervical cancer. In addition, preclinical and human clinical trial evaluations of cannabis for cervical cancer treatment have not specifically been conducted, so further investigations related to this are warranted. Therefore, HPV immunization programme is the best ideal solution for the eradication of cervical cancer.
Economic and Social Development 55th International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social Development Development, 2020
ABSTRACT The role of marketing factors in ensuring of sustainable socio-economic development has... more ABSTRACT
The role of marketing factors in ensuring of sustainable socio-economic development has been investigated, mutual relations between economic growth and economic development and differences between them have been analyzed, the importance for conducting of definitely planned state policy for providing of continuous economic development has been emphasized in the article. The influence of marketing elements to economic development and its impact to the life level of individuals in the society has been put forward. Moreover, being of rapid development of science and technology as an important factor for economic development has been substantiated. The great importance of these factors for transition to growth of productivity in agrarian field, also to industrialization process, the impossibility of success of economic development policy without technical progress has been emphasized. Consumers distinguish seriously each other for their needs, purchase motives, behaviors, tastes, social statuses, lifestyles and other factors. Therefore, no enterprise has almost to make a product that can fully meet the needs of all consumers. Enterprises, which take it into account, must implement the segmentation of markets and focus their activities on market segments that are more relevant to their capabilities, resources and goals and allow them to obtain more profit. In order to meet fully the needs of the selected market segments, enterprises must make special marketing programs and strategies to carry out the differentiation and identification of products. Finally, the analysis of the principal socio-economic indicators in macroeconomic marketing analysis of processing industry has been conducted.
İNSAN KAYNAKLARI YÖNETİMİNDE İŞ ANALİZİ, 2022
ÖZET Bu makale insan kaynakları yönetiminde iş analizinin genel manasıyla alakalı bilmemiz gereke... more ÖZET
Bu makale insan kaynakları yönetiminde iş analizinin genel manasıyla alakalı bilmemiz gereken
süreçleri kapsamaktadır. İhtiyaç duyulan ve kazanılan personelin analizi ve tanımlanması insan
kaynakları planlamasında organizasyonun stratejik amaçları doğrultusundaki bir süreçtir. En mühim şey
ise, doğru sayıda, doğru nitelikte, doğru zamanda ve doğru yerde organizasyon içinlüzumlu olan
personelin olduğu için güvenli olmaktadır. Bu mevzuda insan kaynakları planları arasında muhtelif
yöntemler bulunmaktadır. Personelin organizasyon alanından başka bir konuma taşınması, çalışanın
işten çıkarılması, halihazırdaki çalışana eğitimler verilmesi veya gereken kısımda çalışan sayısının
yükselmesi insan kaynakları planlaması için yürütülebilmektedir.
Küreselleşme Sürekli yenilenen teknoloji ve aynı şekilde bu teknolojileri kullanabilecek insan
kaynağı da gerekirir. Gerek işletmeler gerekse de çalışanlar açısından teknolojik yeniliklere ayak
uydurulması bu bakımdan önemlidir. İnsan kaynakları yönetimi ile alakalı çok fazla tanım yapılmıştır.
İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi bir örgüt ve çevresel ortamda insan kaynaklarının örgüte, bireye, çevreye
yararlı olacak biçimde, kanunlara da uyularak etkin yönetimini sağlayan faaliyet ve çalışmaların tümü,
olarak tanımlanırken insan kaynaklarının işletmenin amaçları doğrultusunda en verimli bir şekilde
kullanılmasının ve personelin ihtiyaçlarının giderilmesi ile mesleki gelişimlerinin sağlanması şeklinde
de tanımlanmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: insan kaynakları yönetimi, ücret yönetimi, performans yönetimi, iş
analizi, iş tanımı.
Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a sign... more Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a significant impact on financial markets and macroeconomic indicators as they are used as raw materials in many fields. For this reason, Russia, Turkey, Brazil, and India, as energy importers and developing countries, may be affected positively or negatively by changes in energy prices. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the exchange rates of Brent oil, crude oil (WTI), natural gas, the US dollar index, and the Russian ruble. In the study, weekly data between February 6, 2022, and December 25, 2022 were examined. A vector autoregressive model (VAR) was used to examine the relationship between the variables included in the analysis, and the direction of the relationship between the variables was determined by the Granger causality test. According to the results of the VAR model, the WTI price has a significant effect on the USD/RUB rate, but the USD/RUB rate does not have a significant effect on the Brent and crude oil prices. On the other hand, the results of the Granger causality test confirm the findings of the VAR analysis.
Wseas Transactions On Business And Economics, Mar 18, 2022
The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the C... more The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic and the return of the country's economy to purposeful structural reforms to ensure productivity and economic growth gradually. Today, the main goal is to direct economic policy to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic. To analyze short-term economic indicators is important to control economic development in real-time to make operational decisions and to give decision-makers early signals of turning points in economic activity. Monitoring of processes that occurred in the real sector of the economy is carried out through questionnaires. The importance of determining the economic indicators required to assess economic activity in Azerbaijan is considered appropriate. The proposed economic confidence index is considered reliable and important for analysis, forecasting. Special software provides time sequence visualization and integration capabilities. The Economic Confidence Index should assess economic activity as the preventive indicator.
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Apr 13, 2023
Abstract The current challenges experienced by all nations promote the trade-off between the in... more Abstract
The current challenges experienced by all nations promote the trade-off
between the increase in economic performance and the protected environment. The investigation based on the energy economy has become an irreplaceable topic to determine the correct path for minimizing the trade-off
cost. Within this scope, this study has been performed to investigate the
causality nexus between the exports indicators (aggregated exports and the
ICT exports) and the energy consumption (renewable and nonrenewable
energy consumption of the selected five emerging countries. The
Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality analysis is performed on the annual data
between 2000 and 2014. As a consequence of the evidence, it is documented
that there are various causality relationships between the exports and the
energy consumption indicators in the light of the performed analysis at
different lags. However, the role of nonrenewable energy consumption is
more active in the economies of the considered countries. According to the
evidence, it is recommended for the emerging countries to invest and allocate
more funds to renewable energy resources to diminish the role of nonrenewable energy resources in the economy.
International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Jul 9, 2023
Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a sign... more Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a significant impact on financial markets and macroeconomic indicators as they are used as raw materials in many fields. For this reason, Russia, Turkey, Brazil, and India, as energy importers and developing countries, may be affected positively or negatively by changes in energy prices. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the exchange rates of Brent oil, crude oil (WTI), natural gas, the US dollar index, and the Russian ruble. In the study, weekly data between February 6, 2022, and December 25, 2022 were examined. A vector autoregressive model (VAR) was used to examine the relationship between the variables included in the analysis, and the direction of the relationship between the variables was determined by the Granger causality test. According to the results of the VAR model, the WTI price has a significant effect on the USD/RUB rate, but the USD/RUB rate does not have a significant effect on the Brent and crude oil prices. On the other hand, the results of the Granger causality test confirm the findings of the VAR analysis.
International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy
Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a sign... more Petroleum and natural gas, which are among the most used energy sources in the world, have a significant impact on financial markets and macroeconomic indicators as they are used as raw materials in many fields. For this reason, Russia, Turkey, Brazil, and India, as energy importers and developing countries, may be affected positively or negatively by changes in energy prices. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the exchange rates of Brent oil, crude oil (WTI), natural gas, the US dollar index, and the Russian ruble. In the study, weekly data between February 6, 2022, and December 25, 2022 were examined. A vector autoregressive model (VAR) was used to examine the relationship between the variables included in the analysis, and the direction of the relationship between the variables was determined by the Granger causality test. According to the results of the VAR model, the WTI price has a significant effect on the USD/RUB rate, but the USD/RU...
Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, Apr 13, 2023
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS, 2022
The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the C... more The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic and the return of the country's economy to purposeful structural reforms to ensure productivity and economic growth gradually. Today, the main goal is to direct economic policy to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic. To analyze short-term economic indicators is important to control economic development in real-time to make operational decisions and to give decision-makers early signals of turning points in economic activity. Monitoring of processes that occurred in the real sector of the economy is carried out through questionnaires. The importance of determining the economic indicators required to assess economic activity in Azerbaijan is considered appropriate. The proposed economic confidence index is considered reliable and important for analysis, forecasting. Special software provides time sequence
visualization and integration capabilities. The Economic Confidence Index should assess economic activity as the preventive indicator.
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS, 2022
The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the C... more The paper focuses on the economic policy in Azerbaijan directed to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic and the return of the country’s economy to purposeful structural reforms to ensure productivity and economic growth gradually. Today, the main goal is to direct economic policy to eliminate the results of the Covid-19 pandemic. To analyze short-term economic indicators is important to control economic development in real-time to make operational decisions and to give decision-makers early signals of turning points in economic activity. Monitoring of processes that occurred in the real sector of the economy is carried out through questionnaires. The importance of determining the economic indicators required to assess economic activity in Azerbaijan is considered appropriate. The proposed economic confidence index is considered reliable and important for analysis, forecasting. Special software provides time sequence visualization and integration capabilities. The Economic ...
Güncel araştırmalar çerçevesinde iklim değişikliği nedenler, sonuçlar ve mücadele politikaları, 2022
Abstract Environmental degradation has been the leading area that dominates thecurrent global pol... more Abstract
Environmental degradation has been the leading area that dominates thecurrent global political and economic policies. Nearly all agreementsnegotiated and signed by countries and the discourse and guides offered byintergovernmental organizations have emphasized the importance andrequirement of the actions preventing and mitigating global climate changes.