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Papers by Y. Kusumo Adi Arji Atmanto

Nusantara Medical Science Journal, 2024

Introduction and importance: Intussusception/invagination is a condition where the intesti... more Introduction and importance: Intussusception/invagination is a condition where the intestine is folded and infiltrates into other parts of the intestine, which can cause obstructive ileus. One of the causes of intussusception in children is a tumor or colorectal malignancy. Treatment should be started as soon as possible concurrently with fluid resuscitation management. Presentation of cases: A 9-month-old female patient complained of flatulence, inability to defecate, and often color vomiting since 4 days ago. The examination result of 3 three-position abdominal photos is a high obstruction ileus. Exploratory laparotomy, loop modification ileostomy, and to-side anastomosis of the ascending colon and ileum were performed. Histopathological examination of the caecum tissue is non-specific inflammation and lymph nodes with sinus histiocytosis. Discussion: 9 months old is a risk factor for intussusception. The patient's condition is acute. Icteric sclerae or jaundice may occur with gastrointestinal lymphoma tumor types. Histopathological examination shows the process of histiocytosis in the lymph nodes and the activation of adaptive immune cells. Conclusions: Intussusception is the most common cause of obstructive ileus in children. One of the causes of intussusception in children is a tumor that requires operative management.

African Journal of Urology, 2024

Background Benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are pro-inf... more Background Benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8)-associated which causes epithelial hyperplasia of the prostate transitional zone. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the levels of IL-8 serum and the prostate volume with the degree of LUTS severity in patients with BPE. Methods Determination of the correlation between serum IL-8 levels and prostate volume with the LUTS severity degree was conducted using a cross-sectional approach. The International Prostate Symptom Score was used to measure the LUTS severity degree, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to measure the serum IL-8 level, and the transabdominal ultrasonography (TAUS) was used to measure the prostate volume. The sample used in this study was 32 patients with BPE grouped by the degree of LUTS severity of the patients. The correlation between variables was then analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. Results The prostate volume was higher in severe LUTS degree (38.19 cc) than in the mild LUTS degree (13.05 cc). The levels of serum IL-8 were higher in the severe LUTS degree (21.65 pg/mL) than in the mild LUTS degree (8.44 pg/m). Both the levels of serum IL-8 and the degree of LUTS did not have a significant correlation with the volume of prostate (p > 0.05). On the other side, the prostate volume and the degree of LUTS severity had a significant positive correlation (p = 0.001, R = 0.913). Conclusion The prostate volume and the levels of serum IL-8 are higher in the severe LUTS degree. There is a trend of increasing prostate volume with the severity of LUTS symptoms and higher serum IL-8 levels. The severity of prostate enlargement can be assessed by measuring the levels of IL-8 in the serum.

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY

The automatic platelet count sometimes requires confirmation on the peripheral blood smear. Plate... more The automatic platelet count sometimes requires confirmation on the peripheral blood smear. Platelet count estimation can also be used for reporting platelet count if an automatic cell counter is not available, with an estimation factor according to the Field Number (FN) of the microscope used. This study aimed to determine the platelet count estimation factor based on peripheral blood smear confirmation using an FN 22 microscope. An observational cross-sectional study was carried out in patients who had routine hematological and peripheral blood smear examinations during September 2021 by determination of platelet count using the automatic cell counter method and an average number of platelet counts per field of view with 100x objective magnification. The estimation factor is the total ratio divided by sample size. The total ratio of 254 samples was 4.086. The platelet count estimation factor was 16, indicating that 1 platelet per field of view was equivalent to 16x103/µL. There w...

International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, May 19, 2022

Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease characterized by abnorm... more Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease characterized by abnormalities in iron regulation, mostly due to mutations in the HFE gene, leading to increased iron absorption due to hepcidin deficiency. The classification of HH is based on the type of mutated gene, which must be distinguished from non-genetic conditions that cause secondary elevations in serum iron levels such as multiple transfusions and increased iron supplementation. Pathophysiological mechanisms of HH include increased absorption of iron in the upper intestine, decreased expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, altered function of the HFE protein, and tissue damage and fibrogenesis caused by iron overload. The human body is physiologically unable to excrete excess iron load so excess iron in serum will be deposited in various organs, causing organ dysfunction. The clinical manifestations of hemochromatosis vary widely depending on the location of iron deposition in the organ. The classic clinical triad of hemochromatosis is liver cirrhosis, skin pigmentation, and diabetes mellitus. Hemochromatosis can be screened for and diagnosed by examining serum ferritin levels, transferrin saturation, unsaturated iron-binding capacity, total ironbinding capacity, liver biopsy, magnetic resonance imaging, and genetic testing. The main treatment for hemochromatosis at this time is phlebotomy although other therapeutic methods can also be used to help lower iron levels and improve the patient's clinical course, such as therapy with chelating agents, erythrocytopharesis, and liver transplantation. If hemochromatosis is not treated, the patient can experience progressive liver damage leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and complications due to damage to various tissues and organs.

International Journal Of Scientific Advances

Cholinesterase (ChE) is a group of enzymes that hydrolyze cholinester. There are two ChE isoenzym... more Cholinesterase (ChE) is a group of enzymes that hydrolyze cholinester. There are two ChE isoenzymes in the blood, namely Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Both ChE isoenzymes are required in the process of sending nerve signals. The activity of these two ChE isoenzymes will be decreased by exposure to toxic chemical agents, insecticides such as organophosphates or carbamates, anesthetic agents, and drug therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (Donepezil or Rivastigmine). Therefore, AChE and BChE are potential biomarkers of suppression and increased activity of the central and peripheral nervous systems. In addition, measurement of serum ChE enzyme activity helps assess liver function, among other parameters. ChE enzyme activity can be measured by decreasing substrate concentration or increasing product concentration. Many methods have been developed to measure the activity of ChE as an enzyme. However, of these methods, the most popular and the gold standard is t...

International Journal Of Scientific Advances

Lupus Erythematosus (LE) cells were first discovered in 1948 by American clinical hematologists, ... more Lupus Erythematosus (LE) cells were first discovered in 1948 by American clinical hematologists, Malcolm Hargraves and Robert Morton and a laboratory technician, Helen Richmond. Named LE cells because they are typically found in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) disease and are one of the antinuclear autoantibodies found in autoimmune diseases. LE cells are easily recognized under a microscope in the form of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), usually neutrophils containing a homogeneous mass (LE Body) that is spherical in shape and reddish-purple in color, the nuclear lobes are pushed to one side and thinned, appearing trapped around the LE body. The LE cell test is carried out by destroying leukocyte cells so that they release their nucleoprotein and react with Immunoglobulin (Ig) G and this complex is phagocytized by normal PMN cells that are still present. The LE cell test was first performed to diagnose SLE, but is now rarely used because it has been replaced by...

Indonesia Journal of Biomedical Science, 2021

Background: Blood group discrepancy is a discrepancy in the results of the cell grouping with ser... more Background: Blood group discrepancy is a discrepancy in the results of the cell grouping with serum grouping examination. The source of discrepancy is from technical errors or a patient's medical status such as age, disease, history of blood transfusion and medication, pregnancy. This case study aims to evaluate a discrepancy of blood group A with missing antigen in anorectal malformation patient at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, IndonesiaCase Presentation: A male baby, 6 months 19 days old, was unable to defecate since birth post-colostomy. Physical examination reveals anemia. A routine blood test showed a hemoglobin level of 8.8 g/dL. The diagnosis was high position anorectal malformation post colostomy suspect Hirschsprung Disease, with 110 cc Packed Red Cell (PRC) transfusion plan. A routine pre-transfusion procedure was performed. It was found a discrepancy of blood group A with missing antigen. Crossmatching with blood groups O and A both gave compatible res...

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY

Broken Heart Syndrome (BHS) is the weakness of the heart muscle due to emotional stress or physic... more Broken Heart Syndrome (BHS) is the weakness of the heart muscle due to emotional stress or physical stress called cardiomyopathy. The main etiology is a sudden release of stress hormones (catecholamines), such as norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine. About 90% of BHS patients are female with average age of 67-70"‰ years, most of them are post-menopausal females. The most widely supported pathological theories are catecholamine-induced cardiotoxicity and microvascular dysfunction. The clinical condition resembles that of acute myocardial infarction, consisting of chest pain, electrocardiographic changes, elevated cardiac biomarkers, and abnormalities of heart wall motion. There is transient systolic dysfunction in the apical and/or middle segment of the left ventricle resembling acute myocardial infarction but absence of coronary artery obstructive disease. There are BHS criteria according to Mayo Clinic. Laboratory tests can be performed by examining Natriuretic Peptides,...

Nusantara Medical Science Journal, 2024

Introduction and importance: Intussusception/invagination is a condition where the intesti... more Introduction and importance: Intussusception/invagination is a condition where the intestine is folded and infiltrates into other parts of the intestine, which can cause obstructive ileus. One of the causes of intussusception in children is a tumor or colorectal malignancy. Treatment should be started as soon as possible concurrently with fluid resuscitation management. Presentation of cases: A 9-month-old female patient complained of flatulence, inability to defecate, and often color vomiting since 4 days ago. The examination result of 3 three-position abdominal photos is a high obstruction ileus. Exploratory laparotomy, loop modification ileostomy, and to-side anastomosis of the ascending colon and ileum were performed. Histopathological examination of the caecum tissue is non-specific inflammation and lymph nodes with sinus histiocytosis. Discussion: 9 months old is a risk factor for intussusception. The patient's condition is acute. Icteric sclerae or jaundice may occur with gastrointestinal lymphoma tumor types. Histopathological examination shows the process of histiocytosis in the lymph nodes and the activation of adaptive immune cells. Conclusions: Intussusception is the most common cause of obstructive ileus in children. One of the causes of intussusception in children is a tumor that requires operative management.

African Journal of Urology, 2024

Background Benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are pro-inf... more Background Benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8)-associated which causes epithelial hyperplasia of the prostate transitional zone. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the levels of IL-8 serum and the prostate volume with the degree of LUTS severity in patients with BPE. Methods Determination of the correlation between serum IL-8 levels and prostate volume with the LUTS severity degree was conducted using a cross-sectional approach. The International Prostate Symptom Score was used to measure the LUTS severity degree, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to measure the serum IL-8 level, and the transabdominal ultrasonography (TAUS) was used to measure the prostate volume. The sample used in this study was 32 patients with BPE grouped by the degree of LUTS severity of the patients. The correlation between variables was then analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. Results The prostate volume was higher in severe LUTS degree (38.19 cc) than in the mild LUTS degree (13.05 cc). The levels of serum IL-8 were higher in the severe LUTS degree (21.65 pg/mL) than in the mild LUTS degree (8.44 pg/m). Both the levels of serum IL-8 and the degree of LUTS did not have a significant correlation with the volume of prostate (p > 0.05). On the other side, the prostate volume and the degree of LUTS severity had a significant positive correlation (p = 0.001, R = 0.913). Conclusion The prostate volume and the levels of serum IL-8 are higher in the severe LUTS degree. There is a trend of increasing prostate volume with the severity of LUTS symptoms and higher serum IL-8 levels. The severity of prostate enlargement can be assessed by measuring the levels of IL-8 in the serum.

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY

The automatic platelet count sometimes requires confirmation on the peripheral blood smear. Plate... more The automatic platelet count sometimes requires confirmation on the peripheral blood smear. Platelet count estimation can also be used for reporting platelet count if an automatic cell counter is not available, with an estimation factor according to the Field Number (FN) of the microscope used. This study aimed to determine the platelet count estimation factor based on peripheral blood smear confirmation using an FN 22 microscope. An observational cross-sectional study was carried out in patients who had routine hematological and peripheral blood smear examinations during September 2021 by determination of platelet count using the automatic cell counter method and an average number of platelet counts per field of view with 100x objective magnification. The estimation factor is the total ratio divided by sample size. The total ratio of 254 samples was 4.086. The platelet count estimation factor was 16, indicating that 1 platelet per field of view was equivalent to 16x103/µL. There w...

International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, May 19, 2022

Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease characterized by abnorm... more Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease characterized by abnormalities in iron regulation, mostly due to mutations in the HFE gene, leading to increased iron absorption due to hepcidin deficiency. The classification of HH is based on the type of mutated gene, which must be distinguished from non-genetic conditions that cause secondary elevations in serum iron levels such as multiple transfusions and increased iron supplementation. Pathophysiological mechanisms of HH include increased absorption of iron in the upper intestine, decreased expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin, altered function of the HFE protein, and tissue damage and fibrogenesis caused by iron overload. The human body is physiologically unable to excrete excess iron load so excess iron in serum will be deposited in various organs, causing organ dysfunction. The clinical manifestations of hemochromatosis vary widely depending on the location of iron deposition in the organ. The classic clinical triad of hemochromatosis is liver cirrhosis, skin pigmentation, and diabetes mellitus. Hemochromatosis can be screened for and diagnosed by examining serum ferritin levels, transferrin saturation, unsaturated iron-binding capacity, total ironbinding capacity, liver biopsy, magnetic resonance imaging, and genetic testing. The main treatment for hemochromatosis at this time is phlebotomy although other therapeutic methods can also be used to help lower iron levels and improve the patient's clinical course, such as therapy with chelating agents, erythrocytopharesis, and liver transplantation. If hemochromatosis is not treated, the patient can experience progressive liver damage leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and complications due to damage to various tissues and organs.

International Journal Of Scientific Advances

Cholinesterase (ChE) is a group of enzymes that hydrolyze cholinester. There are two ChE isoenzym... more Cholinesterase (ChE) is a group of enzymes that hydrolyze cholinester. There are two ChE isoenzymes in the blood, namely Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Both ChE isoenzymes are required in the process of sending nerve signals. The activity of these two ChE isoenzymes will be decreased by exposure to toxic chemical agents, insecticides such as organophosphates or carbamates, anesthetic agents, and drug therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (Donepezil or Rivastigmine). Therefore, AChE and BChE are potential biomarkers of suppression and increased activity of the central and peripheral nervous systems. In addition, measurement of serum ChE enzyme activity helps assess liver function, among other parameters. ChE enzyme activity can be measured by decreasing substrate concentration or increasing product concentration. Many methods have been developed to measure the activity of ChE as an enzyme. However, of these methods, the most popular and the gold standard is t...

International Journal Of Scientific Advances

Lupus Erythematosus (LE) cells were first discovered in 1948 by American clinical hematologists, ... more Lupus Erythematosus (LE) cells were first discovered in 1948 by American clinical hematologists, Malcolm Hargraves and Robert Morton and a laboratory technician, Helen Richmond. Named LE cells because they are typically found in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) disease and are one of the antinuclear autoantibodies found in autoimmune diseases. LE cells are easily recognized under a microscope in the form of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), usually neutrophils containing a homogeneous mass (LE Body) that is spherical in shape and reddish-purple in color, the nuclear lobes are pushed to one side and thinned, appearing trapped around the LE body. The LE cell test is carried out by destroying leukocyte cells so that they release their nucleoprotein and react with Immunoglobulin (Ig) G and this complex is phagocytized by normal PMN cells that are still present. The LE cell test was first performed to diagnose SLE, but is now rarely used because it has been replaced by...

Indonesia Journal of Biomedical Science, 2021

Background: Blood group discrepancy is a discrepancy in the results of the cell grouping with ser... more Background: Blood group discrepancy is a discrepancy in the results of the cell grouping with serum grouping examination. The source of discrepancy is from technical errors or a patient's medical status such as age, disease, history of blood transfusion and medication, pregnancy. This case study aims to evaluate a discrepancy of blood group A with missing antigen in anorectal malformation patient at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, IndonesiaCase Presentation: A male baby, 6 months 19 days old, was unable to defecate since birth post-colostomy. Physical examination reveals anemia. A routine blood test showed a hemoglobin level of 8.8 g/dL. The diagnosis was high position anorectal malformation post colostomy suspect Hirschsprung Disease, with 110 cc Packed Red Cell (PRC) transfusion plan. A routine pre-transfusion procedure was performed. It was found a discrepancy of blood group A with missing antigen. Crossmatching with blood groups O and A both gave compatible res...

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY

Broken Heart Syndrome (BHS) is the weakness of the heart muscle due to emotional stress or physic... more Broken Heart Syndrome (BHS) is the weakness of the heart muscle due to emotional stress or physical stress called cardiomyopathy. The main etiology is a sudden release of stress hormones (catecholamines), such as norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine. About 90% of BHS patients are female with average age of 67-70"‰ years, most of them are post-menopausal females. The most widely supported pathological theories are catecholamine-induced cardiotoxicity and microvascular dysfunction. The clinical condition resembles that of acute myocardial infarction, consisting of chest pain, electrocardiographic changes, elevated cardiac biomarkers, and abnormalities of heart wall motion. There is transient systolic dysfunction in the apical and/or middle segment of the left ventricle resembling acute myocardial infarction but absence of coronary artery obstructive disease. There are BHS criteria according to Mayo Clinic. Laboratory tests can be performed by examining Natriuretic Peptides,...