Lena Horlemann | Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (original) (raw)

Papers by Lena Horlemann

This study was carried out for the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ... more This study was carried out for the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) in Bonn. The following expert statements were commissioned by the DIE for this research project and have been incorporated into the study:

Sechs Empfehlungen zur stärkeren Armutsorientierung und Internationalisierung deutscher Entwicklu... more Sechs Empfehlungen zur stärkeren Armutsorientierung und Internationalisierung deutscher Entwicklungszusammenarbeit im Wassersektor 1 Einleitung 2 Armutsorientierung des Wassersektors, was ist das? 5 2.1 Der Zusammenhang zwischen Wasserarmut und Armut 2.2 Unterscheidung von direkter und indirekter Armutsbekämpfung 2.3 Wasser als Produktivfaktor 9 2.3.1 Die Rolle "grüner" Wasserressourcen für die Armutsbekämpfung 9 2.3.2 Die Rolle "blauer" Wasserressourcen für die Armutsbekämpfung 10 3 Übergeordnete Konzepte zur Armutsreduzierung und zum Wassermanagement und zukünftige Strategien der EZ Kohärenz der SSP eines Schwerpunktlandes 37 3.3.4 Der explizite Armutsbezug der SSP 3.3.5 Behandlung von Partizipation in den SSP 38 3.3.6 Strategische Differenzierung der SSP nach wasserarmen und-reichen Ländern 38 4 Schlussfolgerungen und Empfehlungen zur strategischen Ausrichtung der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit im Wassersektor 39 Literaturverzeichnis Anhang Teilnehmerliste vom Ergebnisworkshop am 25.11.2004 im DIE

Public participation in decision-making and policy formulation in Iran has been a contested issue... more Public participation in decision-making and policy formulation in Iran has been a contested issue since the Islamic Revolution in 1979. Despite its increasing importance, participation in decision-making in important issues like resource management is low. In water management, technological and short-sighted solutions for water problems prevail, and water governance is still characterized by conventional, hierarchical structures and procedures. Nevertheless, even if time-consuming, participatory approaches in water management can lead to successful outcomes and decisions that are accepted by the relevant stakeholders, decision-makers and water users. Within the IWRM Zayandeh Rud project, participatory methods were successfully applied for joint problem definition and the development of a water management tool.

Over the past years, climate change and water resources depletion have resulted in extreme water ... more Over the past years, climate change and water resources depletion have resulted in extreme water shortage and ongoing desertification in Roodasht, a region in Central Iran highly dependent on agriculture and harbouring a fragile ecosystem. Consequently, tensions between different water users have increased. In order to develop and implement feasible approaches for sustainable land use that help stakeholders in preventing or reversing land degradation and using water resources efficiently, a vulnerability assessment was necessary. Using Fussel’s vulnerability approach, 16 factors for assessing the vulnerability of farmers to water scarcity in Roodasht have been classified. The main aspects of their vulnerability are (1) their exposure to poor and uncertain water availability, (2) low agricultural production with low efficiency in water use and land management and little diversification of products, (3) high risk of farmer pauperization with limited investment capacities and a risk of...

Capacity development is a core requirement for the successful implementation of IWRM. Practical a... more Capacity development is a core requirement for the successful implementation of IWRM. Practical and advanced training for employees of the Iranian water sector, however, misses to communicate how to identify and address actual water management problems in day-to-day business. A constellation analysis visualizes the interaction of different actors, institutions and technological, resources-related, legal and economic factors and reveals the main obstacles of the advanced training sector in its current state. These obstacles concern the superordinate system, i.e. governance structures in general, the national level and its decision-making bodies, the company level as well as the level of the training centres. Recommendations for improvement include amendments in the current system of training organization and provision, improved demand assessment and evaluation of training and trainers, and the promotion of advanced training in order to increase motivation and appreciation of training.

ABSTRACT Die vorliegende Studie ist das Produkt des vom Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zus... more ABSTRACT Die vorliegende Studie ist das Produkt des vom Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ) finanzierten Forschungsprojektes "Virtueller Wasserhandel - ein realistisches Konzept zum Umgang mit Wasserarmut in Entwicklungsländern?" Das Konzept des "Virtuellen Wasserhandels" liefert einen handelspolitischen Ansatz zur Bewältigung der globalen Wasserkrise. Es wird in der internationalen Debatte sehr kontrovers diskutiert, gewinnt dabei aber zunehmend an Bedeutung. Neben dem Ziel, dem BMZ eine Grundlage zur eigenen Positionierung zu diesem Thema zu geben, dient die vorliegende Studie daher der Darstellung und Ausdifferenzierung des internationalen Diskurses zum Thema. In der Studie werden zunächst das Konzept des Virtuellen Wasserhandels, seine Zielsetzungen aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven und seine Umsetzbarkeit erläutert, dann werden die Pro- und Kontra-Argumente dargestellt. Nach Ausdifferenzierung dieser Argumente und einer Abwägung der möglichen Implikationen und Folgen wird schließlich versucht, dem Konzept den Stellenwert zuzuordnen, der ihm aus Sicht der Autorinnen zukommt bzw. zukommen sollte. Außerdem wird abschließend die mögliche zukünftige Relevanz des Virtuellen Wasserhandels für verschiedene Weltregionen und die potenziellen Beiträge durch Entwicklungszusammenarbeit diskutiert. (ICD2)

Integrated Water Resources Management: Concept, Research and Implementation, 2016

The role and design of participation for the successful implementation of Integrated Water Resour... more The role and design of participation for the successful implementation of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) has been intensely discussed. However, in the specific context of applied IWRM research, benefits of participation and specific conditions to realize these benefits are often neglected. Such disregard is problematic when scientific driven IWRM concepts are increasingly interwoven with actual IWRM implementation. In order to discover specific benefits and challenges of conducting participation in applied research, both quantitative and qualitative interviews were carried out amongst 15 German IWRM research projects in emerging and developing countries and contrasted with hypotheses in the literature. Results show that researchers tend to agree with hypotheses in the literature, e.g. in terms of the positive role of participatory processes, its different functions and specific design principles in term of skills of researchers and frame conditions. However, researchers of the IWRM funding initiative especially highlighted challenges with regards to several prerequisites like skills of researchers to conduct participatory processes or structural conditions. For instance, hard skills are often missing, e.g. the knowledge on how to design participation processes in view of the respective research goal. Moreover, unlike practitioners, researchers are rarely trained in soft skills like intercultural competences for adjusting participatory approaches to different cultural contexts. In terms of structural conditions, the German BMBF research context shows temporal and financial restrictions. Furthermore, conditions within the target country such as political and social aspects are important and not easy to overlook if the project is based in Germany like it is the case in most of the research projects investigated.

Integrated Water Resources Management: Concept, Research and Implementation, 2016

The river Zayandeh Rud is the most important surface water in central Iran. The catchment area ha... more The river Zayandeh Rud is the most important surface water in central Iran. The catchment area has been affected by two drought periods within the last 15 years. Decreasing surface and groundwater availability has been accompanied by an increase in water withdrawal for irrigation , domestic uses, industry, and water transfers to neighbouring provinces. This has led to severe ecological and social consequences. While the Iranian government is officially committed to the IWRM idea, water management decisions have still been based on supply-driven strategies, and supply and demand have mainly been balanced by water transfer projects. Existing simulation models have not been used for management decisions because their development lacked participatory elements and therefore they are considered as being biased. The aim of the project IWRM Isfahan was to develop a locally adapted IWRM process for the catchment area which integrates organisational, participative and technical measures. To this end, three different simulation models have been developed and merged into a Water Management Tool (WMT ). WMT serves as the main instrument for a better understanding of water management processes within the catchment area and it provides the authorities in charge with a decision support tool. In order to achieve ownership and acceptance of the results and recommendations, accompanying measures like reforms in water governance or the establishment of WMT commissions need to be realized. The first steps in this direction have already been taken applying participatory methods . Initial estimations show that the implemented measures as a whole carry the potential for successful conflict resolution.

Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) forms the widely accepted ecosystem approach to mana... more Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) forms the widely accepted ecosystem approach to manage water and its related resources in a sustainable way. Nevertheless its implementation is still lacking behind, especially in developing and transition countries which are often short of essential resources and face complex political dynamics. IWRM often requires a fundamental realignment of institutions and governance structures. This may lead to problems of fit and institutional interplay as particular challenges of multi-level governance. Against this background a case study of Mongolia was carried out, a transition country suffering from extreme climatic conditions and increasing depletion of its resources. While an attempt to introduce IWRM exists on paper, it is less clear how it will be made politically and institutionally applicable.

Integrated Water Resources Management: Concept, Research and Implementation, 2016