Anneliese Kelterer | University of Graz (original) (raw)
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Papers by Anneliese Kelterer
1st International Conference on Tone and Intonation (TAI)
In this thesis, the phonetics and the phonology of non-modal voice quality and other glottal feat... more In this thesis, the phonetics and the phonology of non-modal voice quality and other glottal features in Chichimeco (Oto-Manguean, Mexico) are described. For this investigation, I analysed recordings I made in Mexico in spring 2017 as well as recordings enclosed in Lastra (2009b, 2016). Descriptions of this language have been published since the 1930s but non-modal phonation has not received the attention it deserves. Only recently, the first proper phonetic/phonological account of breathy voice was published (Herrera 2014). In this thesis, I corroborate Herrera's analysis of breathy voice as a phonological category /V/, taking into account tone. Furthermore, I propose the phonological status of creaky voice /V/ as distinct from a sequence of modal vowel and final glottal stop /VɁ/. Additionally, I confirm that Chichimeco simultaneously implements phonological non-modal voice quality and tone. Therefore, this language classifies as laryngeally complex. Non-modal voice quality is...
Interspeech 2020, 2020
This study presents the first acoustic examination of prominence relations in entire contours ass... more This study presents the first acoustic examination of prominence relations in entire contours associated with different information structures in Egyptian Arabic. Previous work has shown that topics and foci are typically associated with different pitch events, whereas it is still a matter of debate whether and how Egyptian Arabic uses prominence relations to mark narrow focus. The analysis of data from 17 native speakers showed that narrow focus was marked by on-focus pitch expansion as well as post-focus compression. Post-focus compression was realized as a large downstep after focus, compressed pitch range, lower intensity and shorter duration. The results also showed further register lowering after a contrastive focus, but no further pitch boost of the focused word. By contrast, a contrastive topic showed higher scaling of the topic as well as an expanded pitch range of the overall contour. The findings of this study stress the significance of whole contours to convey intonational meanings, revealing gradient prominence cues to focus across the utterance, specifically post-focus register lowering to enhance the prominence of a contrastive focus.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2020
Chichimec (Otomanguean) has two tones, high and low, and a phonological three-way phonation contr... more Chichimec (Otomanguean) has two tones, high and low, and a phonological three-way phonation contrast: modal /V/, breathy /V € /, and creaky /Ṽ/. Tone and phonation type contrasts are used independently. This paper investigates the acoustic realization of modal, breathy, and creaky vowels; the timing of phonation in non-modal vowels; and the production of tone in combination with different phonation types. The results of cepstral peak prominence and three spectral tilt measures showed that phonation type contrasts are not distinguished by the same acoustic measures for women and men. In line with expectations for laryngeally complex languages, phonetic modal and non-modal phonation are sequenced in phonological breathy and creaky vowels. With respect to the timing pattern, however, the results show that non-modal phonation is not, as previously reported, mainly located in the middle of the vowel. Non-modal phonation is, instead, predominantly realized in the second half of phonological breathy and creaky vowels. Tone is distinguished in all three phonation types, and non-modal vowels do not exhibit distinct F0 ranges except for creaky vowels produced by women in which F0 declines in the creaky portion. The results of the acoustic analysis provide additional insights to phonological accounts of laryngeal complexity in Chichimec. V
6th International Symposium on Tonal Aspects of Languages (TAL 2018), 2018
This study examines the interplay of (verbal) prosody with (visual) head and eyebrow movements in... more This study examines the interplay of (verbal) prosody with (visual) head and eyebrow movements in a 24-minute corpus of Swedish television news readings. The paper focuses on 'double' beat gestures, asking whether their occurrence relates to a word's lexical prominence structure (simplex; compound), to lexical tonal prosody (Accent 1; Accent 2), or rather to prominence levels (+/-focal accent; +/-nuclear position). The results suggest that double eyebrow beats are a marginal phenomenon. Double head beats are also rare (only 28 of the 688 words annotated for head beats in our 4088word corpus), but their usage follows a clear pattern: There is no preference for the nuclear position, but a strong preference to occur on a focally-accented compound (Accent 2), which is usually realized with two pitch peaks. In conjunction with previous findings on (single) head beats, the present results suggest that a head beat in this type of data can associate with lexical (primary or secondary) stress in case the stressed syllable is also marked by a (tonal or intonational) pitch peak.
Interspeech 2019, 2019
Southbound on US 15: Travel approximately 3.5 miles beyond the PA Turnpike interchange and take t... more Southbound on US 15: Travel approximately 3.5 miles beyond the PA Turnpike interchange and take the Lisburn Road exit. At the light at the bottom of the ramp, turn left onto Lisburn Road. Follow Lisburn through the next traffic light and up to the stop sign at the top of the hill. Continue straight on Lisburn and turn right onto Grantham Road at the bottom of the hill. Follow Grantham Road straight ahead to the stop sign at the main entrance to the College. Northbound on US 15: Travel approximately 4.0 miles beyond the PA 74 North intersection near Dillsburg to the Lisburn Road exit. At the bottom of the ramp, turn right onto Lisburn Road. Follow Lisburn to the stop sign at the top of the hill. Continue straight on Lisburn and turn right onto Grantham Road at the bottom of the hill. Follow Grantham Road straight ahead to the stop sign at the main entrance to the College.
10th International Conference on Speech Prosody 2020, 2020
The creation of prosodic annotations is one of the most difficult and time-consuming aspects of c... more The creation of prosodic annotations is one of the most difficult and time-consuming aspects of creating a speech database. Generally, only the speech signal and manually created transcriptions are available in an early resource development stage. This paper presents a tool for annotating prosodic prominence at the word level, using exclusively acoustic features (96 f0-, intensityand durational features). The best performance for separating prominent from non-prominent words in Austrian read speech was reached with a decision tree with the absolute word duration as the only feature. For distinguishing more prominence levels, a good performance was reached with a random forest model, similar to the best inter-annotator agreement. Furthermore, we analyzed in detail the feature ranking of the random forest to give us insights into the relative importance of the features contributing to prominence in Austrian German: Word duration > f0 range, RMS range. The specific findings of this study will mainly be relevant for speech scientists and prosody researchers interested in German. Our methodological approach of analyzing prosodic prominence from a purely acoustic perspective at the word-level will also be interesting for researchers focusing on prosody in other languages.
1st International Conference on Tone and Intonation (TAI)
In this thesis, the phonetics and the phonology of non-modal voice quality and other glottal feat... more In this thesis, the phonetics and the phonology of non-modal voice quality and other glottal features in Chichimeco (Oto-Manguean, Mexico) are described. For this investigation, I analysed recordings I made in Mexico in spring 2017 as well as recordings enclosed in Lastra (2009b, 2016). Descriptions of this language have been published since the 1930s but non-modal phonation has not received the attention it deserves. Only recently, the first proper phonetic/phonological account of breathy voice was published (Herrera 2014). In this thesis, I corroborate Herrera's analysis of breathy voice as a phonological category /V/, taking into account tone. Furthermore, I propose the phonological status of creaky voice /V/ as distinct from a sequence of modal vowel and final glottal stop /VɁ/. Additionally, I confirm that Chichimeco simultaneously implements phonological non-modal voice quality and tone. Therefore, this language classifies as laryngeally complex. Non-modal voice quality is...
Interspeech 2020, 2020
This study presents the first acoustic examination of prominence relations in entire contours ass... more This study presents the first acoustic examination of prominence relations in entire contours associated with different information structures in Egyptian Arabic. Previous work has shown that topics and foci are typically associated with different pitch events, whereas it is still a matter of debate whether and how Egyptian Arabic uses prominence relations to mark narrow focus. The analysis of data from 17 native speakers showed that narrow focus was marked by on-focus pitch expansion as well as post-focus compression. Post-focus compression was realized as a large downstep after focus, compressed pitch range, lower intensity and shorter duration. The results also showed further register lowering after a contrastive focus, but no further pitch boost of the focused word. By contrast, a contrastive topic showed higher scaling of the topic as well as an expanded pitch range of the overall contour. The findings of this study stress the significance of whole contours to convey intonational meanings, revealing gradient prominence cues to focus across the utterance, specifically post-focus register lowering to enhance the prominence of a contrastive focus.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2020
Chichimec (Otomanguean) has two tones, high and low, and a phonological three-way phonation contr... more Chichimec (Otomanguean) has two tones, high and low, and a phonological three-way phonation contrast: modal /V/, breathy /V € /, and creaky /Ṽ/. Tone and phonation type contrasts are used independently. This paper investigates the acoustic realization of modal, breathy, and creaky vowels; the timing of phonation in non-modal vowels; and the production of tone in combination with different phonation types. The results of cepstral peak prominence and three spectral tilt measures showed that phonation type contrasts are not distinguished by the same acoustic measures for women and men. In line with expectations for laryngeally complex languages, phonetic modal and non-modal phonation are sequenced in phonological breathy and creaky vowels. With respect to the timing pattern, however, the results show that non-modal phonation is not, as previously reported, mainly located in the middle of the vowel. Non-modal phonation is, instead, predominantly realized in the second half of phonological breathy and creaky vowels. Tone is distinguished in all three phonation types, and non-modal vowels do not exhibit distinct F0 ranges except for creaky vowels produced by women in which F0 declines in the creaky portion. The results of the acoustic analysis provide additional insights to phonological accounts of laryngeal complexity in Chichimec. V
6th International Symposium on Tonal Aspects of Languages (TAL 2018), 2018
This study examines the interplay of (verbal) prosody with (visual) head and eyebrow movements in... more This study examines the interplay of (verbal) prosody with (visual) head and eyebrow movements in a 24-minute corpus of Swedish television news readings. The paper focuses on 'double' beat gestures, asking whether their occurrence relates to a word's lexical prominence structure (simplex; compound), to lexical tonal prosody (Accent 1; Accent 2), or rather to prominence levels (+/-focal accent; +/-nuclear position). The results suggest that double eyebrow beats are a marginal phenomenon. Double head beats are also rare (only 28 of the 688 words annotated for head beats in our 4088word corpus), but their usage follows a clear pattern: There is no preference for the nuclear position, but a strong preference to occur on a focally-accented compound (Accent 2), which is usually realized with two pitch peaks. In conjunction with previous findings on (single) head beats, the present results suggest that a head beat in this type of data can associate with lexical (primary or secondary) stress in case the stressed syllable is also marked by a (tonal or intonational) pitch peak.
Interspeech 2019, 2019
Southbound on US 15: Travel approximately 3.5 miles beyond the PA Turnpike interchange and take t... more Southbound on US 15: Travel approximately 3.5 miles beyond the PA Turnpike interchange and take the Lisburn Road exit. At the light at the bottom of the ramp, turn left onto Lisburn Road. Follow Lisburn through the next traffic light and up to the stop sign at the top of the hill. Continue straight on Lisburn and turn right onto Grantham Road at the bottom of the hill. Follow Grantham Road straight ahead to the stop sign at the main entrance to the College. Northbound on US 15: Travel approximately 4.0 miles beyond the PA 74 North intersection near Dillsburg to the Lisburn Road exit. At the bottom of the ramp, turn right onto Lisburn Road. Follow Lisburn to the stop sign at the top of the hill. Continue straight on Lisburn and turn right onto Grantham Road at the bottom of the hill. Follow Grantham Road straight ahead to the stop sign at the main entrance to the College.
10th International Conference on Speech Prosody 2020, 2020
The creation of prosodic annotations is one of the most difficult and time-consuming aspects of c... more The creation of prosodic annotations is one of the most difficult and time-consuming aspects of creating a speech database. Generally, only the speech signal and manually created transcriptions are available in an early resource development stage. This paper presents a tool for annotating prosodic prominence at the word level, using exclusively acoustic features (96 f0-, intensityand durational features). The best performance for separating prominent from non-prominent words in Austrian read speech was reached with a decision tree with the absolute word duration as the only feature. For distinguishing more prominence levels, a good performance was reached with a random forest model, similar to the best inter-annotator agreement. Furthermore, we analyzed in detail the feature ranking of the random forest to give us insights into the relative importance of the features contributing to prominence in Austrian German: Word duration > f0 range, RMS range. The specific findings of this study will mainly be relevant for speech scientists and prosody researchers interested in German. Our methodological approach of analyzing prosodic prominence from a purely acoustic perspective at the word-level will also be interesting for researchers focusing on prosody in other languages.