Karsten Becker | University of Münster (original) (raw)
Papers by Karsten Becker
Mycoses, 2012
Descriptive values were determined for eight antifungal agents within the course of a multi-centr... more Descriptive values were determined for eight antifungal agents within the course of a multi-centre study encompassing 1062 German and Austrian clinical yeast isolates. Candida albicans (54%) was the predominant species isolated followed by Candida glabrata (22%), Candida parapsilosis (6%), Candida tropicalis (5.7%), Candida krusei (4.3%), as well as eleven further candidal and four non-Candida yeast species. While 519 (48.9%) isolates were tested susceptible to all antifungals tested, no isolate was found to exhibit complete cross resistance. For C. albicans, the proportions of susceptible isolates were 93.2% (amphotericin B), 95.6% (flucytosine), 84.3% (fluconazole), 83.8% (posaconazole), 91.8% (voriconazole), 96.5% (anidulafungin), 96.2% (caspofungin) and 97.6% (micafungin). Patterns of complete parallel resistances were observed within azoles (8.8%) and echinocandins (1.7%). While a decreased susceptibility was found infrequently for echinocandins and flucytosine, it was more com...
Acta tropica, Jan 7, 2018
Journal of clinical microbiology, 2018
Similar to,confers resistance against beta-lactams, leading to the phenotype of methicillin-resis... more Similar to,confers resistance against beta-lactams, leading to the phenotype of methicillin-resistant(MRSA). However,-harboring MRSA strains pose special difficulties in their detection. The aim of this study was to assess and compare different phenotypic systems for screening, identification, and susceptibility testing of-positive MRSA isolates. A well-characterized collection of-positiveisolates (= 111) was used for evaluation. Routinely used approaches were studied to determine their suitability to correctly identify-harboring MRSA, including three (semi)automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) systems and five selective chromogenic agar plates. Additionally, a cefoxitin disk diffusion test and an oxacillin broth microdilution assay were examined. All-harboring MRSA isolates were able to grow on all chromogenic MRSA screening plates tested. Detection of these isolates in AST systems based on cefoxitin and/or oxacillin testing yielded overall positive agreements with t...
Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG, 2018
Nucleic acid amplification techniques (NATs), such as PCR, are highly sensitive and specific meth... more Nucleic acid amplification techniques (NATs), such as PCR, are highly sensitive and specific methods that have become valuable supplements to culture and serology in the diagnosis of infectious disorders. However, especially when using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue, these techniques are associated with both false-negative and false-positive results, a pitfall that is frequently misjudged. Representatives of the German Society of Hygiene and Microbiology (DGHM) and the German Society of Dermatology (DDG) therefore set out to develop a consensus - in the form of a review article - on the appropriate indications for NATs using paraffin-embedded tissue, its contraindications, and the key points to be considered in the pre- and post-analytical phase. Given that fresh, naive tissue is preferably to be used in the workup of a suspected infection, PCR analysis on paraffin sections represents an exception. The latter may be considered if an infection is suspected at a later poi...
Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG, 2018
Nukleinsäure-Amplifikations-Techniken (NAT), wie die PCR, sind hochsensitiv sowie selektiv und st... more Nukleinsäure-Amplifikations-Techniken (NAT), wie die PCR, sind hochsensitiv sowie selektiv und stellen in der mikrobiologischen Diagnostik wertvolle Ergänzungen zur kulturellen Anzucht und Serologie dar. Sie bergen aber gerade bei formalinfixiertem und in Paraffin eingebettetem Gewebe ein Risiko für sowohl falsch negative als auch falsch positive Resultate, welches nicht immer richtig eingeschätzt wird. Daher haben Vertreter der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie (DGHM) und der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft (DDG) einen Konsensus in Form einer Übersichtsarbeit erarbeitet, wann eine NAT am Paraffinschnitt angezeigt und sinnvoll ist und welche Punkte dabei in der Präanalytik und Befundinterpretation beachtet werden müssen. Da bei Verdacht auf eine Infektion grundsätzlich Nativgewebe genutzt werden soll, ist die PCR am Paraffinschnitt ein Sonderfall, wenn beispielsweise bei erst nachträglichaufgekommenem Verdacht auf eine Infektion kein Nativmaterial zur Verf...
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2017
Haematologica, Jan 28, 2016
Patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia are at high risk for bacter... more Patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia are at high risk for bacterial infections during therapy-related neutropenia. However, the use of specific antibiotic regimens for prophylaxis in afebrile neutropenic acute myeloid leukemia patients is controversial. This was a retrospective evaluation of 172 acute myeloid leukemia patients who received 322 courses of myelosuppressive chemotherapy and had an expected duration of neutropenia of >7 days. The patients were allocated to antibiotic prophylaxis groups and treated with colistin or ciprofloxacin through 2 different hematological services at our hospital as available. The infection rate was reduced from 88.6% to 74.2% through antibiotic prophylaxis (vs. without prophylaxis, p=0.04). A comparison of both antibiotic drugs revealed a trend towards fewer infections associated with ciprofloxacin prophylaxis (69.2% vs. 79.5% in the colistin group, p=0.07), as determined by univariate analysis. This result was...
PloS one, 2016
Results of disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility testing depend on individual visual readin... more Results of disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility testing depend on individual visual reading of inhibition zone diameters. Therefore, automated reading using camera systems might represent a useful tool for standardization. In this study, the ADAGIO automated system (Bio-Rad) was evaluated for reading disk diffusion tests of fastidious bacteria. 144 clinical isolates (68 β-haemolytic streptococci, 28 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 18 viridans group streptococci, 13 Haemophilus influenzae, 7 Moraxella catarrhalis, and 10 Campylobacter jejuni) were tested on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 5% defibrinated horse blood and 20 mg/L β-NAD (MH-F, Oxoid) according to EUCAST. Plates were read manually with a ruler and automatically using the ADAGIO system. Inhibition zone diameters, indicated by the automated system, were visually controlled and adjusted, if necessary. Among 1548 isolate-antibiotic combinations, comparison of automated vs. manual reading yielded categorical agreement ...
International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM, Jan 14, 2016
Livestock is often colonized with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and Staphylococcus a... more Livestock is often colonized with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and Staphylococcus aureus. There is a risk that flies spread antimicrobial resistant bacteria from livestock to humans. Here, we screened flies from urban and rural areas near the city of Münster, Germany, for the presence of ESBL-E and S. aureus and compared molecular characteristics of these isolates with those isolated from humans in the same region. In total, 1346 single flies were grinded and cultured overnight in BHI-broth. The broth was cultured on Columbia blood agar and selective media for the detection of S. aureus and ESBL-E. Human isolates from routine diagnostics at the University Hospital Münster were used for comparison. Antimicrobial susceptibility, phylogroups (Escherichia coli), spa types/multilocus sequence types (S. aureus) and selected antimicrobial resistance genes were determined for each isolate. GPS data of the sampling sites were used to map flies carrying ESBL-E and S. aureus. Ove...
Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi, Jan 13, 2016
Contamination of water is a major burden in the public health setting of developing countries. We... more Contamination of water is a major burden in the public health setting of developing countries. We therefore assessed the quality of water samples in Gabon in 2013. The main findings were a contamination rate with coliforms of 13.5% and the detection of a possible environmental reservoir for extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2016
SeptiFast multiplex PCR assay was evaluated for detecting true bloodstream infections (BSIs) with... more SeptiFast multiplex PCR assay was evaluated for detecting true bloodstream infections (BSIs) with coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) in neutropenic hematological patients. Sensitivity for samples representing true CoNS-BSIs was 23.3% with an integrated cutoff and increased to 83.3% if the cutoff was neglected. Hence, the cutoff may prohibit timely targeted antimicrobial therapy.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2016
HY-133 is a recombinant bacteriophage endolysin with bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus... more HY-133 is a recombinant bacteriophage endolysin with bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Here, HY-133 showed in vitro activity against major African methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S. aureus lineages, ceftaroline/ceftobiprole- and borderline oxacillin-resistant isolates. HY-133 was also active against Staphylococcus schweitzeri, a recently described species of S. aureus complex. The activity of HY-133 on the tested isolates (MIC50 0.25 μg/ml, MIC90 0.5 μg/ml, range 0.125-0.5 μg/ml) was independent of the species and strain background or antibiotic resistance.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2015
An advanced methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) detection PCR approach targeting S... more An advanced methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) detection PCR approach targeting SCC mec-orfX along with mecA and mecC was evaluated for S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. The possession of mecA and/or mecC was correctly confirmed in all cases. All methicillin-susceptible S. aureus strains ( n = 98; including staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec element [SCC mec ] remnants) and 98.1% of the MRSA strains ( n = 160, including 10 mecC -positive MRSA) were accurately categorized.
Journal of Bacteriology
The ability to attach to host ligands is a well-established pathogenic factor in invasive Staphyl... more The ability to attach to host ligands is a well-established pathogenic factor in invasive Staphylococcus aureus disease. In addition to the family of adhesive proteins bound to the cell wall via the sortase A (srtA) mechanism, secreted proteins such as the fibrinogen-binding protein Efb, the extracellular adhesion protein Eap, or coagulase have been found to interact with various extracellular host molecules. Here we describe a novel protein, the extracellular matrix protein-binding protein (Emp) initially identified in Western ligand blots as a 40-kDa protein due to its broad-spectrum recognition of fibronectin, fibrinogen, collagen, and vitronectin. Emp is expressed in the stationary growth phase and is closely associated with the cell surface and yet is extractable by sodium dodecyl sulfate. The conferring gene emp (1,023 nucleotides) encodes a signal peptide of 26 amino acids and a mature protein of a calculated molecular mass of 35.5 kDa. Using PCR, emp was demonstrated in all ...
Der Hautarzt
Systemische Antibiotika werden, wenn möglich, gezielt, ansonsten kalkuliert zur Bekämpfung von ba... more Systemische Antibiotika werden, wenn möglich, gezielt, ansonsten kalkuliert zur Bekämpfung von bakteriellen Infektionserkrankungen eingesetzt. Die zu behandelnden Erreger ergeben sich aus dem klinischen Bild oder aus der mikrobiologischen Identifizierung – hierfür muss das Material korrekt gewonnen werden. Wegen der demografischen Entwicklung mit altersbedingter Multimorbidität und Polypharmazie sind für die Auswahl des Antibiotikums aber nicht nur das Erregerspektrum und die Gewebepenetration, sondern auch die jeweiligen Risiken für unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen und Arzneimittelinteraktionen wichtig.In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden für die verschiedenen Antibiotikagruppen Wirkungsweise, mögliche Resistenzmechanismen, Pharmakokinetik, unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen, Arzneimittelinteraktionen und Indikationen in der Dermatologie aufgeführt.Für viele bakterielle Haut- und Weichgewebeinfektionen stellen β-Lactam-Antibiotika die Mittel der ersten Wahl dar. Sie sind häufig ausreichend wirksa...
Journal of clinical microbiology, 2014
Briefly incubated agar cultures from positive blood cultures were used for antimicrobial suscepti... more Briefly incubated agar cultures from positive blood cultures were used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) by Vitek 2. The cultivation time until inoculation was 3.8 h for Gram-positive cocci and 2.4 h for Gram-negative rods. The error rates were low, providing early and reliable AST without additional time or cost expenditure.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2014
In staphylococci, methicillin resistance is mediated by mecA-encoded penicillin-binding protein 2... more In staphylococci, methicillin resistance is mediated by mecA-encoded penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which has a low affinity for beta-lactams. Recently, a novel PBP2a homolog was described as being encoded by mecC, which shares only 70% similarity to mecA. To prove that mecC is the genetic determinant that confers methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, a mecC knockout strain was generated. The S. aureus ΔmecC strain showed considerably reduced oxacillin and cefoxitin MICs (0.25 and 4 μg/ml, respectively) compared to those of the corresponding wild-type methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain (8 and 16 μg/ml, respectively). Complementing the mutant in trans with wild-type mecC restored the resistance to oxacillin and cefoxitin. By expressing mecC and mecA in different S. aureus clonal lineages, we found that mecC mediates resistance irrespective of the genetic strain background, yielding oxacillin and cefoxitin MIC values comparable to those with mecA. In addi...
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1998
Mycoses, 2012
Descriptive values were determined for eight antifungal agents within the course of a multi-centr... more Descriptive values were determined for eight antifungal agents within the course of a multi-centre study encompassing 1062 German and Austrian clinical yeast isolates. Candida albicans (54%) was the predominant species isolated followed by Candida glabrata (22%), Candida parapsilosis (6%), Candida tropicalis (5.7%), Candida krusei (4.3%), as well as eleven further candidal and four non-Candida yeast species. While 519 (48.9%) isolates were tested susceptible to all antifungals tested, no isolate was found to exhibit complete cross resistance. For C. albicans, the proportions of susceptible isolates were 93.2% (amphotericin B), 95.6% (flucytosine), 84.3% (fluconazole), 83.8% (posaconazole), 91.8% (voriconazole), 96.5% (anidulafungin), 96.2% (caspofungin) and 97.6% (micafungin). Patterns of complete parallel resistances were observed within azoles (8.8%) and echinocandins (1.7%). While a decreased susceptibility was found infrequently for echinocandins and flucytosine, it was more com...
Acta tropica, Jan 7, 2018
Journal of clinical microbiology, 2018
Similar to,confers resistance against beta-lactams, leading to the phenotype of methicillin-resis... more Similar to,confers resistance against beta-lactams, leading to the phenotype of methicillin-resistant(MRSA). However,-harboring MRSA strains pose special difficulties in their detection. The aim of this study was to assess and compare different phenotypic systems for screening, identification, and susceptibility testing of-positive MRSA isolates. A well-characterized collection of-positiveisolates (= 111) was used for evaluation. Routinely used approaches were studied to determine their suitability to correctly identify-harboring MRSA, including three (semi)automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) systems and five selective chromogenic agar plates. Additionally, a cefoxitin disk diffusion test and an oxacillin broth microdilution assay were examined. All-harboring MRSA isolates were able to grow on all chromogenic MRSA screening plates tested. Detection of these isolates in AST systems based on cefoxitin and/or oxacillin testing yielded overall positive agreements with t...
Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG, 2018
Nucleic acid amplification techniques (NATs), such as PCR, are highly sensitive and specific meth... more Nucleic acid amplification techniques (NATs), such as PCR, are highly sensitive and specific methods that have become valuable supplements to culture and serology in the diagnosis of infectious disorders. However, especially when using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue, these techniques are associated with both false-negative and false-positive results, a pitfall that is frequently misjudged. Representatives of the German Society of Hygiene and Microbiology (DGHM) and the German Society of Dermatology (DDG) therefore set out to develop a consensus - in the form of a review article - on the appropriate indications for NATs using paraffin-embedded tissue, its contraindications, and the key points to be considered in the pre- and post-analytical phase. Given that fresh, naive tissue is preferably to be used in the workup of a suspected infection, PCR analysis on paraffin sections represents an exception. The latter may be considered if an infection is suspected at a later poi...
Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG, 2018
Nukleinsäure-Amplifikations-Techniken (NAT), wie die PCR, sind hochsensitiv sowie selektiv und st... more Nukleinsäure-Amplifikations-Techniken (NAT), wie die PCR, sind hochsensitiv sowie selektiv und stellen in der mikrobiologischen Diagnostik wertvolle Ergänzungen zur kulturellen Anzucht und Serologie dar. Sie bergen aber gerade bei formalinfixiertem und in Paraffin eingebettetem Gewebe ein Risiko für sowohl falsch negative als auch falsch positive Resultate, welches nicht immer richtig eingeschätzt wird. Daher haben Vertreter der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie (DGHM) und der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft (DDG) einen Konsensus in Form einer Übersichtsarbeit erarbeitet, wann eine NAT am Paraffinschnitt angezeigt und sinnvoll ist und welche Punkte dabei in der Präanalytik und Befundinterpretation beachtet werden müssen. Da bei Verdacht auf eine Infektion grundsätzlich Nativgewebe genutzt werden soll, ist die PCR am Paraffinschnitt ein Sonderfall, wenn beispielsweise bei erst nachträglichaufgekommenem Verdacht auf eine Infektion kein Nativmaterial zur Verf...
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2017
Haematologica, Jan 28, 2016
Patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia are at high risk for bacter... more Patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia are at high risk for bacterial infections during therapy-related neutropenia. However, the use of specific antibiotic regimens for prophylaxis in afebrile neutropenic acute myeloid leukemia patients is controversial. This was a retrospective evaluation of 172 acute myeloid leukemia patients who received 322 courses of myelosuppressive chemotherapy and had an expected duration of neutropenia of >7 days. The patients were allocated to antibiotic prophylaxis groups and treated with colistin or ciprofloxacin through 2 different hematological services at our hospital as available. The infection rate was reduced from 88.6% to 74.2% through antibiotic prophylaxis (vs. without prophylaxis, p=0.04). A comparison of both antibiotic drugs revealed a trend towards fewer infections associated with ciprofloxacin prophylaxis (69.2% vs. 79.5% in the colistin group, p=0.07), as determined by univariate analysis. This result was...
PloS one, 2016
Results of disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility testing depend on individual visual readin... more Results of disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility testing depend on individual visual reading of inhibition zone diameters. Therefore, automated reading using camera systems might represent a useful tool for standardization. In this study, the ADAGIO automated system (Bio-Rad) was evaluated for reading disk diffusion tests of fastidious bacteria. 144 clinical isolates (68 β-haemolytic streptococci, 28 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 18 viridans group streptococci, 13 Haemophilus influenzae, 7 Moraxella catarrhalis, and 10 Campylobacter jejuni) were tested on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 5% defibrinated horse blood and 20 mg/L β-NAD (MH-F, Oxoid) according to EUCAST. Plates were read manually with a ruler and automatically using the ADAGIO system. Inhibition zone diameters, indicated by the automated system, were visually controlled and adjusted, if necessary. Among 1548 isolate-antibiotic combinations, comparison of automated vs. manual reading yielded categorical agreement ...
International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM, Jan 14, 2016
Livestock is often colonized with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and Staphylococcus a... more Livestock is often colonized with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and Staphylococcus aureus. There is a risk that flies spread antimicrobial resistant bacteria from livestock to humans. Here, we screened flies from urban and rural areas near the city of Münster, Germany, for the presence of ESBL-E and S. aureus and compared molecular characteristics of these isolates with those isolated from humans in the same region. In total, 1346 single flies were grinded and cultured overnight in BHI-broth. The broth was cultured on Columbia blood agar and selective media for the detection of S. aureus and ESBL-E. Human isolates from routine diagnostics at the University Hospital Münster were used for comparison. Antimicrobial susceptibility, phylogroups (Escherichia coli), spa types/multilocus sequence types (S. aureus) and selected antimicrobial resistance genes were determined for each isolate. GPS data of the sampling sites were used to map flies carrying ESBL-E and S. aureus. Ove...
Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi, Jan 13, 2016
Contamination of water is a major burden in the public health setting of developing countries. We... more Contamination of water is a major burden in the public health setting of developing countries. We therefore assessed the quality of water samples in Gabon in 2013. The main findings were a contamination rate with coliforms of 13.5% and the detection of a possible environmental reservoir for extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2016
SeptiFast multiplex PCR assay was evaluated for detecting true bloodstream infections (BSIs) with... more SeptiFast multiplex PCR assay was evaluated for detecting true bloodstream infections (BSIs) with coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) in neutropenic hematological patients. Sensitivity for samples representing true CoNS-BSIs was 23.3% with an integrated cutoff and increased to 83.3% if the cutoff was neglected. Hence, the cutoff may prohibit timely targeted antimicrobial therapy.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2016
HY-133 is a recombinant bacteriophage endolysin with bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus... more HY-133 is a recombinant bacteriophage endolysin with bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Here, HY-133 showed in vitro activity against major African methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S. aureus lineages, ceftaroline/ceftobiprole- and borderline oxacillin-resistant isolates. HY-133 was also active against Staphylococcus schweitzeri, a recently described species of S. aureus complex. The activity of HY-133 on the tested isolates (MIC50 0.25 μg/ml, MIC90 0.5 μg/ml, range 0.125-0.5 μg/ml) was independent of the species and strain background or antibiotic resistance.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2015
An advanced methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) detection PCR approach targeting S... more An advanced methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) detection PCR approach targeting SCC mec-orfX along with mecA and mecC was evaluated for S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. The possession of mecA and/or mecC was correctly confirmed in all cases. All methicillin-susceptible S. aureus strains ( n = 98; including staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec element [SCC mec ] remnants) and 98.1% of the MRSA strains ( n = 160, including 10 mecC -positive MRSA) were accurately categorized.
Journal of Bacteriology
The ability to attach to host ligands is a well-established pathogenic factor in invasive Staphyl... more The ability to attach to host ligands is a well-established pathogenic factor in invasive Staphylococcus aureus disease. In addition to the family of adhesive proteins bound to the cell wall via the sortase A (srtA) mechanism, secreted proteins such as the fibrinogen-binding protein Efb, the extracellular adhesion protein Eap, or coagulase have been found to interact with various extracellular host molecules. Here we describe a novel protein, the extracellular matrix protein-binding protein (Emp) initially identified in Western ligand blots as a 40-kDa protein due to its broad-spectrum recognition of fibronectin, fibrinogen, collagen, and vitronectin. Emp is expressed in the stationary growth phase and is closely associated with the cell surface and yet is extractable by sodium dodecyl sulfate. The conferring gene emp (1,023 nucleotides) encodes a signal peptide of 26 amino acids and a mature protein of a calculated molecular mass of 35.5 kDa. Using PCR, emp was demonstrated in all ...
Der Hautarzt
Systemische Antibiotika werden, wenn möglich, gezielt, ansonsten kalkuliert zur Bekämpfung von ba... more Systemische Antibiotika werden, wenn möglich, gezielt, ansonsten kalkuliert zur Bekämpfung von bakteriellen Infektionserkrankungen eingesetzt. Die zu behandelnden Erreger ergeben sich aus dem klinischen Bild oder aus der mikrobiologischen Identifizierung – hierfür muss das Material korrekt gewonnen werden. Wegen der demografischen Entwicklung mit altersbedingter Multimorbidität und Polypharmazie sind für die Auswahl des Antibiotikums aber nicht nur das Erregerspektrum und die Gewebepenetration, sondern auch die jeweiligen Risiken für unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen und Arzneimittelinteraktionen wichtig.In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden für die verschiedenen Antibiotikagruppen Wirkungsweise, mögliche Resistenzmechanismen, Pharmakokinetik, unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen, Arzneimittelinteraktionen und Indikationen in der Dermatologie aufgeführt.Für viele bakterielle Haut- und Weichgewebeinfektionen stellen β-Lactam-Antibiotika die Mittel der ersten Wahl dar. Sie sind häufig ausreichend wirksa...
Journal of clinical microbiology, 2014
Briefly incubated agar cultures from positive blood cultures were used for antimicrobial suscepti... more Briefly incubated agar cultures from positive blood cultures were used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) by Vitek 2. The cultivation time until inoculation was 3.8 h for Gram-positive cocci and 2.4 h for Gram-negative rods. The error rates were low, providing early and reliable AST without additional time or cost expenditure.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2014
In staphylococci, methicillin resistance is mediated by mecA-encoded penicillin-binding protein 2... more In staphylococci, methicillin resistance is mediated by mecA-encoded penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which has a low affinity for beta-lactams. Recently, a novel PBP2a homolog was described as being encoded by mecC, which shares only 70% similarity to mecA. To prove that mecC is the genetic determinant that confers methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, a mecC knockout strain was generated. The S. aureus ΔmecC strain showed considerably reduced oxacillin and cefoxitin MICs (0.25 and 4 μg/ml, respectively) compared to those of the corresponding wild-type methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain (8 and 16 μg/ml, respectively). Complementing the mutant in trans with wild-type mecC restored the resistance to oxacillin and cefoxitin. By expressing mecC and mecA in different S. aureus clonal lineages, we found that mecC mediates resistance irrespective of the genetic strain background, yielding oxacillin and cefoxitin MIC values comparable to those with mecA. In addi...
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1998
Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 11th Edition, 2015
Abstract The chapter begins with the taxonomy, genus descriptions, and natural habitats of Staphy... more Abstract The chapter begins with the taxonomy, genus descriptions, and natural habitats of Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and other catalase-positive cocci. Next discussed is the clinical significance of these bacteria, particularly of the different Staphylococcus species. ...
Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 10th Edition, 2011
Abstract The chapter begins with the taxonomy, genus descriptions, and natural habitats of Staphy... more Abstract The chapter begins with the taxonomy, genus descriptions, and natural habitats of Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and other catalase-positive cocci. Next discussed is the clinical significance of these bacteria, particularly of the different Staphylococcus species. ...
Encyclopedia of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, 2004
Klinische Infektiologie, 2008
Lexikon der Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen, 2009
Lexikon der Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen, 2009
Lexikon der Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen, 2009
Lexikon der Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen, 2009