F. Santi | Università di Bologna (original) (raw)
Papers by F. Santi
Bulletin of Insectology
The efficacy of sex pheromone traps for Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera Crambidae) bo... more The efficacy of sex pheromone traps for Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera Crambidae) box tree moth (BTM) was assessed in 2013 and 2014 in North East Italy (Parco Giardino Sigurtà, Valeggio sul Mincio, Verona). In 2013 male moths were trapped during their last flight of the year. In 2014 monitoring performed from May to October highlighted three flight peaks. In the same period the development of preimaginal stages on infested plants was checked. In the study area, according to these field samplings and males trapping, BTM moth undergoes three generations with overwintering as young larva. Sex pheromone traps to assess the spread of this invasive moth into new areas and to identify the correct time of control treatments will be a useful tool for integrated pest management (IPM).
In laboratory experiments the behaviour of starved females of four species of Coccinellidae [ Har... more In laboratory experiments the behaviour of starved females of four species of Coccinellidae [ Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), Adaliabipunctata (L.), Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (L.) and Hippodamia ( Adonia ) variegata (Goeze)] was examined. A typical be-haviour was recorded, but only in H. axyridis and A. bipunctata . The female laid one single egg and ate it immediately afterwards.When this egg was artificially removed, the mother showed rapid foraging movements looking for the subtracted egg. All the re-moved eggs were unviable. These eggs may be considered rather trophic eggs for the female’s own nutritional benefit than a ma-ternal care to mitigate offspring starvation. Key words: Harmonia axyridis , Adalia bipunctata , Propylea quatuordecimpunctata , Hippodamia variegata , trophic eggs, can-nibalism, Coccinellidae.Supplemental material at www.bulletinofinsectology.org. Introduction Cannibalism is a frequent behaviour in animals andplays an important role in population dynamics (F...
Four field trials were conducted in Mantua province in northern Italy to evaluate the effect of t... more Four field trials were conducted in Mantua province in northern Italy to evaluate the effect of the Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis Strain AM65-52 based VectoBac ® 12 AS larvicide on black flies. Our objective was to examine and compare the efficacy of different concentrations of this microbial larvicide in small plain streams. Larvicidal activity was exhibited in all trials. VectoBac ® 12 AS at 2.5 ppm/min rate generated larval mortality from the treatment point to 500 meters downstream. Larvae mortality (over 80%) was observed for 3500 meters downstream of the application site when a concentration of 40 ppm/min was applied.
Bulletin of insectology, 2008
Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera Cynipidae) is considered to be one of the greatest c... more Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera Cynipidae) is considered to be one of the greatest causes of damage to the species of the genus Castanea at a worldwide level and is classified by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO, ...
Bulletin of …, 2003
The effects of three pesticides on the preimaginal development of Osmia cornuta (Latreille) were ... more The effects of three pesticides on the preimaginal development of Osmia cornuta (Latreille) were investigated. All three pesti-cides are considered harmless to adult bees: two of them, Stroby ® (ai kresoxim-methyl) and Cuprocaffaro/WG ® (ai copper oxychloride) are fungicides, ...
Four field trials were conducted in Mantua province in northern Italy to evaluate the ef... more Four field trials were conducted in Mantua province in northern
Italy to evaluate the effect of the Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelen-
sis Strain AM65-52 based VectoBac ® 12 AS larvicide on black flies. Our
objective was to examine and compare the efficacy of different concen-
trations of this microbial larvicide in small plain streams. Larvicidal
activity was exhibited in all trials. VectoBac ® 12 AS at 2.5 ppm/min rate
generated larval mortality from the treatment point to 500 meters
downstream. Larvae mortality (over 80%) was observed for 3500
The chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu poses one of the most serious threats to c... more The chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu poses one of the most serious threats to chestnut cultivation in the
world. After Asia and North America this pest may be spreading throughout Europe. In Italy, as a result of the movement of in-
fested plant material, the natural ability of the species in spreading, and due to the uninterrupted continuity of chestnut stands, the
phytophagous, 6 years after its introduction, is already colonizing Italy’s most important chestnut - growing regions.
Investigations into the new association between the recently introduced insect pest Dryocosmus ku... more Investigations into the new association between the recently introduced insect pest Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenop-
tera Cynipidae), the Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW), and the native parasitoid Torymus flavipes (Walker) (Hymenoptera
Torymidae) were carried out in the Bologna district (Italy). The parasitoid attacks several species of gall-maker host larvae living
on plants and trees, particularly oaks. In 2009, T. flavipes was already found to be parasitising the new host ACGW on chestnut
trees. During 2010 and 2011 the T. flavipes parasitisation percentages, its behaviour on host larvae, its emergence trend, and its
sex ratio on the non-native ACGW host were analysed.
The efficacy of sex pheromone traps for Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera Crambidae) bo... more The efficacy of sex pheromone traps for Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera Crambidae) box tree moth (BTM) was as-
sessed in 2013 and 2014 in North East Italy (Parco Giardino Sigurtà, Valeggio sul Mincio, Verona). In 2013 male moths were
trapped during their last flight of the year. In 2014 monitoring performed from May to October highlighted three flight peaks. In
the same period the development of preimaginal stages on infested plants was checked. In the study area, according to these field
samplings and males trapping, BTM moth undergoes three generations with overwintering as young larva. Sex pheromone traps
to assess the spread of this invasive moth into new areas and to identify the correct time of control treatments will be a useful tool
for integrated pest management (IPM).
Informatore Fitopatologico, 2000
... The efficacy of sticky traps baited with sex pheromone of Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabric... more ... The efficacy of sticky traps baited with sex pheromone of Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabricius) was compared to the efficiency of traps using C. ohridella virgin females. The males were attracted selectively and cought in higher numbers in the traps using females as bait. ...
Bulletin of …, 2008
In summer 2008, larvae, pupae and adults of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera Coccinellidae)... more In summer 2008, larvae, pupae and adults of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera Coccinellidae) were found in several locali-ties in northern Italy. Since the first record in Turin (Piedmont) in 2006, this ladybird, just two years later, was collected up to the northeast of ...
Bulletin of Insectology
The efficacy of sex pheromone traps for Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera Crambidae) bo... more The efficacy of sex pheromone traps for Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera Crambidae) box tree moth (BTM) was assessed in 2013 and 2014 in North East Italy (Parco Giardino Sigurtà, Valeggio sul Mincio, Verona). In 2013 male moths were trapped during their last flight of the year. In 2014 monitoring performed from May to October highlighted three flight peaks. In the same period the development of preimaginal stages on infested plants was checked. In the study area, according to these field samplings and males trapping, BTM moth undergoes three generations with overwintering as young larva. Sex pheromone traps to assess the spread of this invasive moth into new areas and to identify the correct time of control treatments will be a useful tool for integrated pest management (IPM).
In laboratory experiments the behaviour of starved females of four species of Coccinellidae [ Har... more In laboratory experiments the behaviour of starved females of four species of Coccinellidae [ Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), Adaliabipunctata (L.), Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (L.) and Hippodamia ( Adonia ) variegata (Goeze)] was examined. A typical be-haviour was recorded, but only in H. axyridis and A. bipunctata . The female laid one single egg and ate it immediately afterwards.When this egg was artificially removed, the mother showed rapid foraging movements looking for the subtracted egg. All the re-moved eggs were unviable. These eggs may be considered rather trophic eggs for the female’s own nutritional benefit than a ma-ternal care to mitigate offspring starvation. Key words: Harmonia axyridis , Adalia bipunctata , Propylea quatuordecimpunctata , Hippodamia variegata , trophic eggs, can-nibalism, Coccinellidae.Supplemental material at www.bulletinofinsectology.org. Introduction Cannibalism is a frequent behaviour in animals andplays an important role in population dynamics (F...
Four field trials were conducted in Mantua province in northern Italy to evaluate the effect of t... more Four field trials were conducted in Mantua province in northern Italy to evaluate the effect of the Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis Strain AM65-52 based VectoBac ® 12 AS larvicide on black flies. Our objective was to examine and compare the efficacy of different concentrations of this microbial larvicide in small plain streams. Larvicidal activity was exhibited in all trials. VectoBac ® 12 AS at 2.5 ppm/min rate generated larval mortality from the treatment point to 500 meters downstream. Larvae mortality (over 80%) was observed for 3500 meters downstream of the application site when a concentration of 40 ppm/min was applied.
Bulletin of insectology, 2008
Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera Cynipidae) is considered to be one of the greatest c... more Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera Cynipidae) is considered to be one of the greatest causes of damage to the species of the genus Castanea at a worldwide level and is classified by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO, ...
Bulletin of …, 2003
The effects of three pesticides on the preimaginal development of Osmia cornuta (Latreille) were ... more The effects of three pesticides on the preimaginal development of Osmia cornuta (Latreille) were investigated. All three pesti-cides are considered harmless to adult bees: two of them, Stroby ® (ai kresoxim-methyl) and Cuprocaffaro/WG ® (ai copper oxychloride) are fungicides, ...
Four field trials were conducted in Mantua province in northern Italy to evaluate the ef... more Four field trials were conducted in Mantua province in northern
Italy to evaluate the effect of the Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelen-
sis Strain AM65-52 based VectoBac ® 12 AS larvicide on black flies. Our
objective was to examine and compare the efficacy of different concen-
trations of this microbial larvicide in small plain streams. Larvicidal
activity was exhibited in all trials. VectoBac ® 12 AS at 2.5 ppm/min rate
generated larval mortality from the treatment point to 500 meters
downstream. Larvae mortality (over 80%) was observed for 3500
The chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu poses one of the most serious threats to c... more The chestnut gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu poses one of the most serious threats to chestnut cultivation in the
world. After Asia and North America this pest may be spreading throughout Europe. In Italy, as a result of the movement of in-
fested plant material, the natural ability of the species in spreading, and due to the uninterrupted continuity of chestnut stands, the
phytophagous, 6 years after its introduction, is already colonizing Italy’s most important chestnut - growing regions.
Investigations into the new association between the recently introduced insect pest Dryocosmus ku... more Investigations into the new association between the recently introduced insect pest Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenop-
tera Cynipidae), the Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW), and the native parasitoid Torymus flavipes (Walker) (Hymenoptera
Torymidae) were carried out in the Bologna district (Italy). The parasitoid attacks several species of gall-maker host larvae living
on plants and trees, particularly oaks. In 2009, T. flavipes was already found to be parasitising the new host ACGW on chestnut
trees. During 2010 and 2011 the T. flavipes parasitisation percentages, its behaviour on host larvae, its emergence trend, and its
sex ratio on the non-native ACGW host were analysed.
The efficacy of sex pheromone traps for Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera Crambidae) bo... more The efficacy of sex pheromone traps for Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera Crambidae) box tree moth (BTM) was as-
sessed in 2013 and 2014 in North East Italy (Parco Giardino Sigurtà, Valeggio sul Mincio, Verona). In 2013 male moths were
trapped during their last flight of the year. In 2014 monitoring performed from May to October highlighted three flight peaks. In
the same period the development of preimaginal stages on infested plants was checked. In the study area, according to these field
samplings and males trapping, BTM moth undergoes three generations with overwintering as young larva. Sex pheromone traps
to assess the spread of this invasive moth into new areas and to identify the correct time of control treatments will be a useful tool
for integrated pest management (IPM).
Informatore Fitopatologico, 2000
... The efficacy of sticky traps baited with sex pheromone of Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabric... more ... The efficacy of sticky traps baited with sex pheromone of Phyllonorycter blancardella (Fabricius) was compared to the efficiency of traps using C. ohridella virgin females. The males were attracted selectively and cought in higher numbers in the traps using females as bait. ...
Bulletin of …, 2008
In summer 2008, larvae, pupae and adults of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera Coccinellidae)... more In summer 2008, larvae, pupae and adults of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera Coccinellidae) were found in several locali-ties in northern Italy. Since the first record in Turin (Piedmont) in 2006, this ladybird, just two years later, was collected up to the northeast of ...