Ariovaldo Denis Granja - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ariovaldo Denis Granja

O target costing ou custeio-meta (CM) é uma abordagem que teve sua origem na indústria manufatu... more O target costing ou custeio-meta (CM) é uma abordagem que teve sua origem na
indústria manufatureira que tem como objetivo proporcionar a redução de custo sem diminuir
a qualidade e o valor do produto aos olhos do cliente e começou a ser utilizada na indústria
da construção civil em diversos países. Um aspecto relevante para sua implementação na
indústria da construção civil é a qualidade da informação e interação das equipes nas fases
iniciais de um empreendimento. O uso da Modelagem da Informação da Construção (BIM)
permite a extração de informações de forma rápida e precisa no início da elaboração do
projeto, por exemplo, na forma de quantitativos e custos. O artigo tem como objetivo explorar
a sinergia existente entre o CM e o BIM, apontando quais os benefícios proporcionados por
essa união. Este é um estudo secundário por meio de revisão de literatura de estudos primários
sobre CM e BIM com o objetivo de sintetizar os resultados e explorar a possível sinergia do
uso integrado dessas abordagens. Os resultados evidenciam os aspectos positivos dessa
utilização conjunta. As conclusões apontam para diversos benefícios e estratégias para que
ocorra sinergia, tais como a quantificação automática, estímulo à criatividade, avaliação de
alternativas de custos e a integração das equipes em novas formas de contratação.

O custo tem um impacto significante não só no processo de projeto, mas também na solução arquitet... more O custo tem um impacto significante não só no processo de projeto, mas também na solução arquitetônica apresentada. O Target Value Design (TVD), pode se apresentar como uma abordagem promissora para direcionar o processo de projeto pelo custo e pelas percepções de valor do cliente ou usuário final. Esta pesquisa almejou disseminar conceitos do TVD junto a agentes participantes na gestão do processo de projeto de empreendimentos imobiliários e contribuir para a reflexão teórica sobre a sua adoção neste meio. O método de pesquisa consistiu em simulações-piloto em meio acadêmico para adaptações iniciais e simulações posteriores em empresa de incorporação imobiliária. As simulações se deram em duas rodadas, a primeira simulando o ambiente tradicional de Design-Bid-Build (DBB) e a segunda utilizando o TVD. Os resultados provenientes da segunda rodada (TVD), onde foi imposta uma restrição de custo, acabaram levando a uma aparente simplificação do modelo. O TVD demanda mudanças no processo de projeto, e uma das mais desafiadoras é considerar o custo como parâmetro de entrada no processo, em vez de ser uma mera consequência do mesmo.

In this research, the influence of external colour on the dynamics of the heat flow through a fla... more In this research, the influence of external colour on the dynamics of the heat flow through a flat solid roof, with variable thermal resistance, has been studied analytically. The chromatic effect on the density of heat flow through the roof has been analysed using periodic solutions of the heat conduction equation, by means of Fourier analysis. The simulation has been carried out over a period of 24 h, for the summer design day of Campinas, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, and its composite climate. An almost linear relationship between heat flow amplitudes (Δqi) and the thickness of a concrete roof has been noticeable in the range from 5 to 14 cm for a grey coloured exterior surface and a corresponding white one. Conversely, from 15 cm and more, this relationship starts flattening. It may be concluded that as the thermal resistance of the concrete roof increases (>15 cm), the effect of the exterior colour surface on the periodic heat transfer through the roof is attenuated. As a consequence, the conflict between choosing colour for aesthetics and assuring energy efficiency of opaque building components in hot climates can be mitigated, if building designers make proper use of thermal inertia. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

There is a broad consensus both with regard to the general attributes that constitute greenness a... more There is a broad consensus both with regard to the general attributes that constitute greenness and the subjectivity of the concept of ideal building. It is not detectable when it comes to weighting of green attributes that would allow for an universally accepted way to compare diverse green attributes. There is also a widespread perception that sustainable buildings cost more to be built. However, if the green attributes are integrated into design at early stages and proactively value-managed, the authors submit in this paper that it is possible to achieve minimum or null green premium. Based on data from available cost reports, this study aims to identify the determining factors to allow a green project not to exceed its reference budget (without sustainable features). LEED TM is adopted herein as a common basis for comparison, because all cost reports analyzed refer to data collected in the American context and explicitly refer to this rating system. The most usual analysis of economic feasibility for implementation of a given LEED point or a certain LEED certification level is based on an isolated, point-by-point basis. That means that costs are always added to a reference budget. Though it is indeed the most practical approach, to consider cost efforts in isolation is presumed to be flawed. Target costing, a value engineering-based strategic approach for development of new products, is therefore envisioned as a potential alternative to ensure that sustainable buildings cost at least the same as conventional buildings.

Proceedings IGLC-14, July, Jan 1, 2006

Adapting and implementing new management techniques based on principles and tools originated in t... more Adapting and implementing new management techniques based on principles and tools originated in the manufacturing industry have been challenging the construction industry. This research aims to present improvements achieved in the fabrication process of precast concrete roof tiles, after a first stage of diagnosis and basic stabilization of the production process. This work was carried out jointly with a Brazilian company in the state of Sao Paulo, dedicated to the erection and fabrication of pre-cast concrete components. This study is part of an ongoing action-research, where the production process of concrete precast roof tiles fabrication was already analyzed. After a first diagnosis of the production process, lean principles and tools were used to stabilize and standardize the production process of these precast components. Results allow concluding that lean implementations helped with the basic stabilization and standardization of the different work elements involved in the fabrication system of precast concrete roof tiles and could be adapted to other precast concrete components production process, providing higher reliability in the production process and production throughput improvements for these components.

Ambiente …, Jan 1, 2009

Dina De Paoli Improving quality and adding value to the built environment depends on a continuous... more Dina De Paoli Improving quality and adding value to the built environment depends on a continuous improvement process that effectively provides benefits to the users. This paper describes a study on the nature of desired values of families living in social housing projects. It considers the subjective and multidimensional nature of desired value as perceived by users. The study aimed to investigate the use of the concept of desired value for improving social housing. In the research method, the stated preference technique with illustrated cards, and semi-structured interviews were used as data collection instruments. The sample consisted of 195 people from 4 projects in the region of Campinas, SP. Statistical inferences were obtained based on bootstrap confidence values and cluster analysis to assess added value and specific associations between separate items of value. Results indicated that the item safety was a priority in terms of value adding, followed by closeness to nature, low housing maintenance costs, and less noise disturbances.

Análise crítica da aplicação do custeio-meta no desenvolvimento de empreendimentos de habitação de interesse social

Ambiente Construído, Jan 1, 2010

… of International group of lean construction, 12th …, Jan 1, 2004

13th International Group …, Jan 1, 2005

Target costing has been pointed out as a powerful strategy of lean manufacturing companies' inter... more Target costing has been pointed out as a powerful strategy of lean manufacturing companies' interaction with suppliers. In fact, recent academic and corporate literature show that target costing has a wider role in the lean business system, driving product development and production activities, when combined with kaizen costing. This research aims to develop a framework taking together these two matching approaches, providing a basis of a total cost-management system during the project's life cycle. The main idea is to first design the project to an allowable cost consisting of the difference among target price meeting customer's expectations and the desired profit. Cost-reduction interventions should be not restricted to the design phase; they proceed to the construction phase where a continuing series of kaizen activities are needed to achieve great product performance and, at the same time, assuring value for the customer at a lower cost. Combining target and kaizen costing is a powerful approach for construction firms performing in a competitive market, by assuring value for the customer at a low but still profitable price.

Annual Conference on Lean Construction, Jan 1, 2007

Target costing or Genka Kikaku, as originally named in Japan, is not only a tool for managing cos... more Target costing or Genka Kikaku, as originally named in Japan, is not only a tool for managing costs, but a strategic approach for development of new products, that aims to reduce costs, ensuring quality, reliability and other attributes that will add value to the customers. This paper presents a framework that summarizes a product development process with the literal application of target costing, and seeks to compare this framework to three implementations of it in the construction industry. It started with elaboration of a flowchart that allowed the definition of the parameters to be used in the analysis. Results show that none of the cases studied covers a completed target costing implementation as envisioned in manufacture. Finally, this work points out some issues that need further development such as studies about alternative ways of obtaining the target cost -based on the current market price instead of historical data.

The concept of desired value as a stimulus for change in social housing in Brazil

Habitat International, Jan 1, 2011

User satisfaction has been studied extensively in social housing, but this has not had a signific... more User satisfaction has been studied extensively in social housing, but this has not had a significant impact on design factors in many cases. In recent years, such studies have included the assessment of values relating to design attributes. This paper presents a discussion on the concept of desired value in social housing, based on results of a study conducted in the region of the city of Campinas, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. End-users of four multi-family social housing projects, based on five storey walk-up apartment blocks were asked to identify aspects of housing design, which are most valued. The research method was based on the concept of stated preferences, where approximately 200 respondents organized a list of design attributes in order of their desired values. The investigation tool was based on the analogy of a deck of cards. Data was statistically analyzed and a general importance index was created for each of the value attributes. Results showed that security was the main preference aspect. Analysis of general results indicates a list of possible improvements to projects with regard to value delivery to end-users at little or no costs. To contribute towards a process of incremental improvements to social housing models in the State of São Paulo, the results of the case study can be applied by agents of the local housing provision system, in conjunction with a conceptual framework of data on housing quality indicators.► Conceptual shift in POE studies from satisfaction rates to desired values. ► Data collection method used a deck of 26 value cards. ► Data analysis was based on statistical inference. ► Main desired values are: security, nature and privacy. ► Improvements to local housing design shown through conceptual framework.

Architectural Engineering and Design …, Jan 1, 2011

The suitability of target costing for use in construction remains controversial and specific stud... more The suitability of target costing for use in construction remains controversial and specific studies to assist its implementation are lacking. This research aims to critically inspect the contextual characteristics that may influence its implementation during the product development process (PDP) for social housing projects in Brazil. An exploratory and instrumental case study within a state social housing provider company provided PDP-related data. Data collection involved conducting unstructured interviews of higher management and diverse technical staff, and the analysis of company documents and records. A framework describing how target costing is applied in PDP is presented and general propositions are drawn from a theoretical basis built on the relationship between the characteristics of the analysed context and target costing theory. Opportunities and obstacles to target costing applicability were derived from them, as well as clarifications about relevant issues concerning the implementation process of this approach. Although the possibilities of applying target costing to social housing projects are limited by its intrinsic characteristics and traditional institutional barriers to new procurement methods, this article contributes to the discussion for more efficient and proactive ways of conceiving social housing projects, in an effort to deliver more value to stakeholders and end-users.