Nara M Figueiredo - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Research by Nara M Figueiredo

Research paper thumbnail of Tradução do original de "What plants are saying about us? Your brain is not the root of cognition", de Amanda Gefter

Tradução do original de "What plants are saying about us? Your brain is not the root of cognition", de Amanda Gefter

Esta é uma tradução do texto "What are plants saying about us?" (O que as plantas estão dizendo s... more Esta é uma tradução do texto "What are plants saying about us?" (O que as plantas estão dizendo sobre nós?) publicado originalmente pela Nautilus Science Magazine. O texto explora as complexas capacidades das plantas, usando-as para desafiar visões tradicionais das ciências cognitivas sobre a mente humana. Com base no trabalho de Barret e Calvo, a autora explica que as plantas têm habilidade de responder ao seu entorno com comportamento inteligente, e isso nos permite questionar se neurônios são necessários para haver cognição. Calvo defende que não. No texto, à medida que as capacidades e ações das plantas vão sendo relatadas, questionamos cada vez mais suposições como: a necessidade do cérebro e/ou representações mentais para haver cognição. Assim, a autora apresenta, de forma clara e introdutória, uma crítica ao modo de pensar a cognição a partir da analogia com o funcionamento de máquinas, em favor da compreensão de seres vivos a partir das ideias da cognição corporificada, estendida, integrada e enativa (4E) e da psicologia ecológica.

Research paper thumbnail of Intentions in interactions: an enactive reply to expressive communication proposals

Intentions in interactions: an enactive reply to expressive communication proposals

The search for origins of human linguistic behavior is a consuming project in many fields. Philos... more The search for origins of human linguistic behavior is a consuming project in many fields. Philosophers drawing on studies of animal behavior are working to revise some of the standard cognitive requirements in hopes of linking the origins of human language to non-human animal communication. This work depends on updates to Grice’s theory of communicative intention and Millikan’s teleosemantics. Yet the classic idea of speaker meaning on which these new projects rest presupposes coherent, stable, individual, internal, and prior intention as a cognitive or mental state, which is also the framework presupposed in theory of mind. This framework neglects the co-authored nature of communicative intentions and is thereby at odds with enactivist views of cognition. In this paper we draw on the idea of participatory sense-making alongside research on non-human animal communication to identify _utterances—_co-authored meaningful acts—as the token of communicative activity cross-species. Utterances by our definition are expressive, relational, and work without mindreading. In closing we propose the possibility of dialogical subjectivity, and engage with animal studies to show that some species exhibit its traits.

Research paper thumbnail of O Laboratório Portátil: uma tradução situada

O Laboratório Portátil: uma tradução situada

A possibilidade de obter acesso objetivo à experiência subjetiva tem sido tópico de grande intere... more A possibilidade de obter acesso objetivo à experiência subjetiva tem sido tópico de grande interesse na filosofia, psicologia, neurociência e demais áreas que empreendem a investigação da natureza da experiência subjetiva. Somado às metodologias em terceira pessoa, tradicionais do método científico, ocorre um amplo debate sobre o papel das metodologias em primeira pessoa no que concerne às suas possibilidades de prover conhecimentos capazes de informar às ciências cognitivas. Nesse contexto, o Laboratório Portátil, obra artística participativa de Francisco Varela, pode ser considerada um marco interdisciplinar que oferece visibilidade a três caminhos possíveis de investigação da experiência subjetiva em primeira pessoa, a saber, o introspeccionismo, a fenomenologia e as tradições contemplativas. Neste texto, (1) apresentamos uma versão traduzida desta obra, e (2) oferecemos uma contextualização histórica e teórica acerca de seu conteúdo.

Research paper thumbnail of Making Sense Together: Dance Improvisation as a Framework for Collaborative Interdisciplinary Learning Processes

Making Sense Together: Dance Improvisation as a Framework for Collaborative Interdisciplinary Learning Processes

This paper is the outcome of a collective interdisciplinary session on sense-making through dance... more This paper is the outcome of a collective interdisciplinary session on sense-making through dance improvisation. In our view, research on cognition in general (and more specific research such as on understanding and learning) should include a ‘dance as research’ attitude. Joint improvisation practices can be a way to place the scientist in a privileged position and reveal the nature of our cognitive processes. These practices invite us to perform interdisciplinary research through them and to create a community that composes together different voices and perspectives; and each of these voices carries different interests, foci, tools and questions, that enrich the very experience and investigation at play. METHOD We start, in the prologue, by highlighting personal expressions resulting from our experiences, displaying the relational and integrative approach we adopt. We proceed by situating the context in which we worked, the theoretical backgrounds we start from and the improvisational practice we base our reflections on: Lisa Nelson’s Blind Unison Trio. RESULTS Subsequently, each section presents personal reflections of each of the authors and highlights the learning processes involved in the practice and in those reflections. The first, by Nelson, focuses on the observation of observation. The second, by Bachrach, focuses on intuitions and learning, the third, by Figueiredo, focuses on interaction and meaning, the fourth, by Laroche, focuses on subjective and objective states, the fifth, by Fiadeiro, focuses on the in betweenness of sensing and knowing. CONCLUSION Finally, in the epilogue, Dumit reflects on our collective experience as practice as research.

Research paper thumbnail of Participatory Sense-Making and Knowing-in-Connection in VR

Participatory Sense-Making and Knowing-in-Connection in VR

Language Sciences, 2025

This article explores how participatory sense-making and the enactive approach to language can ac... more This article explores how participatory sense-making and the enactive approach to language can account for the experiential and relational dimensions of immersive environments, such as virtual reality (VR). We argue that VR settings can be seen not as isolated simulations, but as sites for co-constructed experience and knowledge-in-connection. Drawing from enactive cognitive science and linguistic bodies theory, we analyze the implications of VR for intersubjectivity, embodiment, and ethical action.

Research paper thumbnail of Experiências em realidade virtual

Experiências em realidade virtual

Filosofia Unisinos, 2024

O artigo investiga se as experiências em realidade virtual podem ser consideradas genuínas ou se ... more O artigo investiga se as experiências em realidade virtual podem ser consideradas genuínas ou se devem ser vistas como ilusões. Partindo de uma abordagem enativa da percepção, argumentamos que experiências em ambientes de realidade virtual são reais no sentido fenomenológico e pragmático: elas engajam o corpo do agente e exigem respostas adaptativas significativas. Contestamos modelos representacionistas e enfatizamos a dimensão relacional dessas experiências.

Research paper thumbnail of Bringing forth a world, literally.

Our objective in this paper is twofold: first, we intend to address the tenability of the enactiv... more Our objective in this paper is twofold: first, we intend to address the tenability of the enactivist middle way between realism and idealism, as it is proposed in The Embodied Mind. We do so by taking the enactivist conception of bringing forth a world literally in three conceptual levels: enaction, niche construction and social construction. Based on this proposal, we claim that enactivism is compatible with the idea of an independent reality without committing to the claim that organisms have cognitive access to a world composed of properties specified prior to any cognitive activity. Our second goal is to show that our literal interpretation of bringing forth a world not only sustains the legitimacy of the middle way, but it also allows us to revive the conception of evolution as natural drift—which is perhaps the least examined aspect of the original enactivist theory and is central to the understanding of cognition in an enactive way. Natural drift focuses on how structural couplings between organism and environment trigger viable pathways of maintenance and reproduction, instead of selecting the most adapted trait to a pregiven environment. Thus, although enactivists typically do not explore the consequences of their views regarding evolutionary dynamics, we show how natural drift provides a suitable starting point.

Research paper thumbnail of On the notion of dialectics in the linguistic bodies theory

On the notion of dialectics in the linguistic bodies theory

This paper addresses the notion of dialectics in the linguistic bodies theory. First, it presents... more This paper addresses the notion of dialectics in the linguistic bodies theory. First, it presents it as a three-aspect concept, namely, the ontological aspect, the methodological aspect, and the dialectical model. Subsequently, it discusses the ontological aspect and the dialectical model and, based on the enactivist linguistic notions of concreteness and abstraction, suggests that it can be conceived as a two-fold concept: methodological and epistemological. This suggestion intends to avoid the paradox we are led to by acknowledging three ontological enactivist claims and a few assumptions of the methodological approach.

Research paper thumbnail of BOOK REVIEW: DI PAOLO, Ezequiel, DE JAEGHER, Hanne & CUFFARI, Elena. Linguistic Bodies: The continuity between Life and Language.

BOOK REVIEW: DI PAOLO, Ezequiel, DE JAEGHER, Hanne & CUFFARI, Elena. Linguistic Bodies: The continuity between Life and Language.

In this review, I briefly explain some of the key concepts of the book in order to offer a panora... more In this review, I briefly explain some of the key concepts of the book in order to offer a panoramic view of the theory of linguistic bodies. Following the book's structure, I first describe the authors’ notion of body, then refer to their notion ofdialectics, after that, I expose the steps of the model and, finally, get to their conception of languaging.

Research paper thumbnail of The Problem of the Unbridgeable Ontological Gap Between the Brain and Our Private Experiences in Wittgensteinian Terms.

The Problem of the Unbridgeable Ontological Gap Between the Brain and Our Private Experiences in Wittgensteinian Terms.

The paper argues that the common notion that there is a gap between a physical scope, namely, bra... more The paper argues that the common notion that there is a gap between a physical scope, namely, brain processes, and something im-material such as private experiences is an illu-sion provoked by the conceptual conflicts of our understanding. In order to overcome this illusion, it is necessary to clarify the foun-dations and implications of the uses of key concepts in the cognitive field

Research paper thumbnail of On the philosophical foundations of episodic memory as awareness of past events

On the philosophical foundations of episodic memory as awareness of past events

Mental time travel (MTT) is quite a novel label in Philosophy. The notion was set by experimental... more Mental time travel (MTT) is quite a novel label in Philosophy. The notion was set by experimental psychologist and cognitive neuroscientist Endel Tulving in the 1980s and refers to the ability to be aware of subjective past and future events. Tulving’s view on memory and consciousness provides an important conceptual distinction founded in experimentally observed data. In this paper I discuss (1) his concept of episodic memory as awareness, based on Peter Hacker’s distinction of perception and sensation, and his account of memory, and (2) whether memory can be taken as an own-body subjective perception, which, therefore, challenges the conception of memory as stored information in the brain and the idea that we could somehow perceive our memories. The main puzzle is: if awareness is a conscious state that involves veridical perception of present inner or outer states/events, how can we conceive awareness of past and future events? This discussion aims to contribute to Tulving’s conception of MTT by clarifying the conceptual foundations on which we can understand memory.

Research paper thumbnail of O papel da filosofia após as Investigações Filosóficas / The role of philosophy after the 'Philosophical Investigations'

Doctoral Thesis, 2015

O trabalho sintetiza-se em três pontos principais. Primeiro, a desqualificação da visão de Gordon... more O trabalho sintetiza-se em três pontos principais. Primeiro, a desqualificação da visão de Gordon Baker sobre um dos papéis da filosofia como uma terapia do sujeito. Esta desqualificação se dá tanto por meio de uma crítica ao que ele propõe quanto aos seus fundamentos textuais. Segundo, a explicitação da visão de Waismann, que contribui para a crítica a Baker e para o esclarecimento do que entendemos pelo papel da Filosofia nas Investigações Filosóficas. E, em terceiro lugar, a consideração da concepção de Hacker da filosofia como uma atividade de análise conceitual, que desemboca em nossa proposta de avaliação conceitual.

This work can be summarized in three main points. First, the disqualification of Gordon Baker's view of philosophy as a therapy of the subject. This takes place both through a critique of what he proposes and through what it is based on. Second, the explanation of Waismann's view, which contributes to the criticism of Baker and clarifies what we understand as the role of philosophy in Philosophical Investigations. And, thirdly, the consideration of Hackers view of philosophy as an activity of conceptual analysis, which leads to our own view of conceptual evaluation.

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Research paper thumbnail of Estudo Sobre Regras e Linguagem Privada

Master's Dissertation, 2009

Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal a análise do papel do conceito de regra nas Investigaçõ... more Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal a análise do papel do conceito de regra nas Investigações Filosóficas de Wittgenstein. No decorrer do texto, deparamonos com as leituras de S. Kripke e G.P. Baker & P.M.S. Hacker. O primeiro defende que a noção de regra, apesar de apresentar um paradoxo, cumpre um importante papel no argumento contra a linguagem privada. E acredita que há uma solução cética para o paradoxo que flerta com o niilismo. Por outro lado, os comentadores ingleses apresentam o conceito de regra cumprindo um papel fundamental na explicação de Wittgenstein acerca do funcionamento da linguagem. Na medida em que estas se constituem como funções normativas de usos das palavras, são expressas na linguagem e determinadas contingentemente de acordo com os contextos de uso.

This work has as main objective the analysis of the role of the concept of rule in Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations. Throughout the text, we have the readings of S. Kripke and G.P. Baker & P M S. Hacker. The first argues that the notion of rule, in spite of presenting a paradox, it is a very important point in the argument against private language. He believes there is a skeptical solution to the paradox which flirts with nihilism. Furthermore, the English commentators have the concept of rule fulfilling a key role in the explanation of Wittgenstein on the functioning of language. The rules are as functions of normative uses of words, they are expressed in the language and determinate according to the contexts of use.

WARNING - Viewing this document is conditioned on your acceptance of the following terms of use: This document is only for private use for research and teaching activities. Reproduction for commercial use is forbidden. These rights cover the whole data about this document as well as its contents. Any uses or copies of this document in whole or in part must include the author's name.
Visit: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-02122009-093554/en.php

Research paper thumbnail of Sobre um suposto direito de mentir: um paralelo entre Kant, Schopenhauer e Constant, e alguns conceitos schopenhauerianos

Sobre um suposto direito de mentir: um paralelo entre Kant, Schopenhauer e Constant, e alguns conceitos schopenhauerianos

Os Filósofos, Immanuel Kant, Benjamim Constant e Arthur Schopenhauer, divergem quando se trata de... more Os Filósofos, Immanuel Kant, Benjamim Constant e Arthur Schopenhauer, divergem quando se trata de um suposto direito de mentir. Cada um defende uma maneira através da qual os indivíduos praticariam ações moralmente boas; Kant acredita que os indivíduos não têm direito de mentir, Constant, defende que devemos dizer a verdade quando o ouvinte tiver direito a ela, e Schopenhauer, acredita que temos o direito de mentir em determinadas condições. Neste texto encontra-se uma breve análise das concepções de boa conduta de cada autor, com relação ao direito que um indivíduo tem, ou não, de mentir em algumas situações ou em nenhuma.

Vol. 44 (2021) by Nara M Figueiredo

Research paper thumbnail of Comentário a “O externalismo semiótico ativo de C. S. Peirce e a cantoria de viola como signo em ação”

v. 44, n. 3: Em busca de uma ontologia para o paradigma 4e, 2021

Comentário Artigos / Articles Comentário a "o externalismo semiótiCo ativo de C. s. PeirCe e a Ca... more Comentário Artigos / Articles Comentário a "o externalismo semiótiCo ativo de C. s. PeirCe e a Cantoria de viola Como signo em ação": em busCa de uma ontologia Para o Paradigma 4e

Papers by Nara M Figueiredo

Research paper thumbnail of As múltiplas faces de problemas situados sob o tópico Cognição & Linguagem

Aufklärung: journal of philosophy, 2021

O que observamos ao pesquisar qualquer tópico que se enquadre sob os rótulos Cognição e/ou Lingua... more O que observamos ao pesquisar qualquer tópico que se enquadre sob os rótulos Cognição e/ou Linguagem é a grande diversidade de perspectivas sob as quais podemos considerálos e de aspectos relevantes sobre os quais devemos nos debruçar. Muitas vezes, durante a pesquisa, esclarecemos alguns pontos muito específicos, algumas vezes obtemos uma visão perspícua e panorâmica sobre um determinado foco de debate, mas sempre temos o objetivo de obter uma visão perspícua e panorâmica ampla o suficiente para iluminar as grandes questões que temos acerca da nossa própria condição humana, enquanto seres linguísticos. Os esforços que venho empenhando vão nessa direção: a de obter uma visão perspícua e panorâmica dos diversos focos de debate que compõem um amplo cenário de compreensão acerca da nossa condição humana. Neste texto, apresento com entusiasmo as excelentes contribuições de pesquisadores nacionais e internacionais a este volume e delineio algumas conexões entre eles. Eles iluminam pontos específicos muito relevantes para o amplo cenário de pesquisa sobre Cognição & Linguagem e compõem uma seleção cuidadosa de grande valia a todos os interessados nesses tópicos. Espero que essas contribuições sejam para você, leitor, tão relevantes quanto são para mim. Em nosso texto de abertura, "The arrival of the Smartest: In favour of a pluralistic account of the evolution of cognition", Giorgio Airoldi, pesquisador e professor da UNED, de Madrid, na Espanha, nos convida a refletir sobre o aspecto evolutivo da cognição e sobre como as concepções cognitivistas tradicionais da mente (representacionalismo e computacionalismo) falham em captar a realidade complexa dos fenômenos cognitivos. Airoldi inicia seu artigo descrevendo um interessante conto de ficção científica no qual a seleção do mais adaptado não equivale à seleção do mais

Research paper thumbnail of Comentário a “O externalismo semiótico ativo de C. S. Peirce e a cantoria de viola como signo em ação”

Trans/Form/Ação, 2021

O externalismo cognitivo pode ser entendido como a tese de que as características do ambiente fís... more O externalismo cognitivo pode ser entendido como a tese de que as características do ambiente físico, social e cultural de um agente são elementos constitutivos do sistema cognitivo desse agente. Nesse sentido, o conteúdo de estados mentais, por exemplo, crenças e desejos, podem, pelo menos em parte, depender constitutivamente das características do ambiente físico, social e cultural de um agente . A principal contribuição do artigo de Pedro Atã e João Queiroz é, como indicado pelos próprios autores,

Research paper thumbnail of O papel da filosofia após as Investigações Filosóficas

Agradecimentos e dedicatória encontram-se juntos porque dedico este trabalho, em agradecimento, a... more Agradecimentos e dedicatória encontram-se juntos porque dedico este trabalho, em agradecimento, a todos os que, com maior ou menor intensidade, estiveram envolvidos das mais diversas formas em minha vida e nos processos de pensamento que percorri durante desses quatro anos -e até mesmo desde os tempos de faculdade. É difícil saber por onde começar os agradecimentos, pois o resultado deste trabalho dependeu de uma somatória grande de fatores e pessoas. Talvez seja oportuno começar pelo próprio Wittgenstein, que me ajudou a superar o vazio que eu via nos problemas da filosofia; Baker e Hacker, por me ajudarem a entender Wittgenstein, e Waismann por ter dito muito do que eu gostaria de dizer. Autores à parte, aqui vão meus especiais agradecimentos ao Prof. Peter Hacker, com quem tive o imenso prazer de dialogar e que me inspirou profundamente. Meus agradecimentos aos Professores, Charles Travis, Bill Brewer, Clayton LittleJohn e Jeffrey Bloechl por me receberem abertamente e estarem dispostos a discutir os temas que propus. Ao meu orientador, Luiz Henrique Lopes dos Santos, sem o qual nada disto seria possível e aos professores Bento Prado Neto e Caetano Plastino por importantes contribuições dadas na qualificação. À CAPES, pelo financiamento.

Research paper thumbnail of Virtual Reality, Embodiment, and Allusion: an Ecological-Enactive Approach

Virtual Reality, Embodiment, and Allusion: an Ecological-Enactive Approach

Philosophy & Technology

It is common in the cognitive and computational sciences to regard virtual reality (VR) as compos... more It is common in the cognitive and computational sciences to regard virtual reality (VR) as composed of illusory experiences, given its immersive character. In this paper, we adopt an ecological-enactive perspective on cognition (section 3) to evaluate the nature of VR and one's engagement with it. Based on a post-cognitivist conception of illusion, we reject the commonly held assumption that virtual reality experiences (VREs) are illusory (section 4). Our positive take on this issue is that VR devices, like other technological devices, can be embodied during use, which is why they can be the source of experiences (section 5). We then propose a new concept to interpret VREs, namely, allusion, which means that the subject acts as if the virtual experiences are real (section 6). This kind of engagement has a volitional aspect, which is evident in the onboarding of VR devices and which allows us to distinguish VREs from other experiences. We conclude that, even though we have experiences that afford certain interactions in VR, the strong continuity between cognitive and biological processes is not sustained therein. This characterizes a difference of kind-given the current state of technology-between VREs and fully fledged cognitive states, which nevertheless allows for constrained experimentation in cognitive science.

Research paper thumbnail of Linguistic Meaning Meets Linguistic Form in Action

Manuscrito, 2022

In this paper we suggest that Duffley's sign-based semantics rests on two main claims: a methodol... more In this paper we suggest that Duffley's sign-based semantics rests on two main claims: a methodological one and an ontological one. The methodological one is the analysis of corpora and the ontological one is the postulate of mental content. By adopting a linguistic enactivist perspective with a Wittgensteinian twist, we endorse Duffley's methodological claim and suggest that

Research paper thumbnail of Tradução do original de "What plants are saying about us? Your brain is not the root of cognition", de Amanda Gefter

Tradução do original de "What plants are saying about us? Your brain is not the root of cognition", de Amanda Gefter

Esta é uma tradução do texto "What are plants saying about us?" (O que as plantas estão dizendo s... more Esta é uma tradução do texto "What are plants saying about us?" (O que as plantas estão dizendo sobre nós?) publicado originalmente pela Nautilus Science Magazine. O texto explora as complexas capacidades das plantas, usando-as para desafiar visões tradicionais das ciências cognitivas sobre a mente humana. Com base no trabalho de Barret e Calvo, a autora explica que as plantas têm habilidade de responder ao seu entorno com comportamento inteligente, e isso nos permite questionar se neurônios são necessários para haver cognição. Calvo defende que não. No texto, à medida que as capacidades e ações das plantas vão sendo relatadas, questionamos cada vez mais suposições como: a necessidade do cérebro e/ou representações mentais para haver cognição. Assim, a autora apresenta, de forma clara e introdutória, uma crítica ao modo de pensar a cognição a partir da analogia com o funcionamento de máquinas, em favor da compreensão de seres vivos a partir das ideias da cognição corporificada, estendida, integrada e enativa (4E) e da psicologia ecológica.

Research paper thumbnail of Intentions in interactions: an enactive reply to expressive communication proposals

Intentions in interactions: an enactive reply to expressive communication proposals

The search for origins of human linguistic behavior is a consuming project in many fields. Philos... more The search for origins of human linguistic behavior is a consuming project in many fields. Philosophers drawing on studies of animal behavior are working to revise some of the standard cognitive requirements in hopes of linking the origins of human language to non-human animal communication. This work depends on updates to Grice’s theory of communicative intention and Millikan’s teleosemantics. Yet the classic idea of speaker meaning on which these new projects rest presupposes coherent, stable, individual, internal, and prior intention as a cognitive or mental state, which is also the framework presupposed in theory of mind. This framework neglects the co-authored nature of communicative intentions and is thereby at odds with enactivist views of cognition. In this paper we draw on the idea of participatory sense-making alongside research on non-human animal communication to identify _utterances—_co-authored meaningful acts—as the token of communicative activity cross-species. Utterances by our definition are expressive, relational, and work without mindreading. In closing we propose the possibility of dialogical subjectivity, and engage with animal studies to show that some species exhibit its traits.

Research paper thumbnail of O Laboratório Portátil: uma tradução situada

O Laboratório Portátil: uma tradução situada

A possibilidade de obter acesso objetivo à experiência subjetiva tem sido tópico de grande intere... more A possibilidade de obter acesso objetivo à experiência subjetiva tem sido tópico de grande interesse na filosofia, psicologia, neurociência e demais áreas que empreendem a investigação da natureza da experiência subjetiva. Somado às metodologias em terceira pessoa, tradicionais do método científico, ocorre um amplo debate sobre o papel das metodologias em primeira pessoa no que concerne às suas possibilidades de prover conhecimentos capazes de informar às ciências cognitivas. Nesse contexto, o Laboratório Portátil, obra artística participativa de Francisco Varela, pode ser considerada um marco interdisciplinar que oferece visibilidade a três caminhos possíveis de investigação da experiência subjetiva em primeira pessoa, a saber, o introspeccionismo, a fenomenologia e as tradições contemplativas. Neste texto, (1) apresentamos uma versão traduzida desta obra, e (2) oferecemos uma contextualização histórica e teórica acerca de seu conteúdo.

Research paper thumbnail of Making Sense Together: Dance Improvisation as a Framework for Collaborative Interdisciplinary Learning Processes

Making Sense Together: Dance Improvisation as a Framework for Collaborative Interdisciplinary Learning Processes

This paper is the outcome of a collective interdisciplinary session on sense-making through dance... more This paper is the outcome of a collective interdisciplinary session on sense-making through dance improvisation. In our view, research on cognition in general (and more specific research such as on understanding and learning) should include a ‘dance as research’ attitude. Joint improvisation practices can be a way to place the scientist in a privileged position and reveal the nature of our cognitive processes. These practices invite us to perform interdisciplinary research through them and to create a community that composes together different voices and perspectives; and each of these voices carries different interests, foci, tools and questions, that enrich the very experience and investigation at play. METHOD We start, in the prologue, by highlighting personal expressions resulting from our experiences, displaying the relational and integrative approach we adopt. We proceed by situating the context in which we worked, the theoretical backgrounds we start from and the improvisational practice we base our reflections on: Lisa Nelson’s Blind Unison Trio. RESULTS Subsequently, each section presents personal reflections of each of the authors and highlights the learning processes involved in the practice and in those reflections. The first, by Nelson, focuses on the observation of observation. The second, by Bachrach, focuses on intuitions and learning, the third, by Figueiredo, focuses on interaction and meaning, the fourth, by Laroche, focuses on subjective and objective states, the fifth, by Fiadeiro, focuses on the in betweenness of sensing and knowing. CONCLUSION Finally, in the epilogue, Dumit reflects on our collective experience as practice as research.

Research paper thumbnail of Participatory Sense-Making and Knowing-in-Connection in VR

Participatory Sense-Making and Knowing-in-Connection in VR

Language Sciences, 2025

This article explores how participatory sense-making and the enactive approach to language can ac... more This article explores how participatory sense-making and the enactive approach to language can account for the experiential and relational dimensions of immersive environments, such as virtual reality (VR). We argue that VR settings can be seen not as isolated simulations, but as sites for co-constructed experience and knowledge-in-connection. Drawing from enactive cognitive science and linguistic bodies theory, we analyze the implications of VR for intersubjectivity, embodiment, and ethical action.

Research paper thumbnail of Experiências em realidade virtual

Experiências em realidade virtual

Filosofia Unisinos, 2024

O artigo investiga se as experiências em realidade virtual podem ser consideradas genuínas ou se ... more O artigo investiga se as experiências em realidade virtual podem ser consideradas genuínas ou se devem ser vistas como ilusões. Partindo de uma abordagem enativa da percepção, argumentamos que experiências em ambientes de realidade virtual são reais no sentido fenomenológico e pragmático: elas engajam o corpo do agente e exigem respostas adaptativas significativas. Contestamos modelos representacionistas e enfatizamos a dimensão relacional dessas experiências.

Research paper thumbnail of Bringing forth a world, literally.

Our objective in this paper is twofold: first, we intend to address the tenability of the enactiv... more Our objective in this paper is twofold: first, we intend to address the tenability of the enactivist middle way between realism and idealism, as it is proposed in The Embodied Mind. We do so by taking the enactivist conception of bringing forth a world literally in three conceptual levels: enaction, niche construction and social construction. Based on this proposal, we claim that enactivism is compatible with the idea of an independent reality without committing to the claim that organisms have cognitive access to a world composed of properties specified prior to any cognitive activity. Our second goal is to show that our literal interpretation of bringing forth a world not only sustains the legitimacy of the middle way, but it also allows us to revive the conception of evolution as natural drift—which is perhaps the least examined aspect of the original enactivist theory and is central to the understanding of cognition in an enactive way. Natural drift focuses on how structural couplings between organism and environment trigger viable pathways of maintenance and reproduction, instead of selecting the most adapted trait to a pregiven environment. Thus, although enactivists typically do not explore the consequences of their views regarding evolutionary dynamics, we show how natural drift provides a suitable starting point.

Research paper thumbnail of On the notion of dialectics in the linguistic bodies theory

On the notion of dialectics in the linguistic bodies theory

This paper addresses the notion of dialectics in the linguistic bodies theory. First, it presents... more This paper addresses the notion of dialectics in the linguistic bodies theory. First, it presents it as a three-aspect concept, namely, the ontological aspect, the methodological aspect, and the dialectical model. Subsequently, it discusses the ontological aspect and the dialectical model and, based on the enactivist linguistic notions of concreteness and abstraction, suggests that it can be conceived as a two-fold concept: methodological and epistemological. This suggestion intends to avoid the paradox we are led to by acknowledging three ontological enactivist claims and a few assumptions of the methodological approach.

Research paper thumbnail of BOOK REVIEW: DI PAOLO, Ezequiel, DE JAEGHER, Hanne & CUFFARI, Elena. Linguistic Bodies: The continuity between Life and Language.

BOOK REVIEW: DI PAOLO, Ezequiel, DE JAEGHER, Hanne & CUFFARI, Elena. Linguistic Bodies: The continuity between Life and Language.

In this review, I briefly explain some of the key concepts of the book in order to offer a panora... more In this review, I briefly explain some of the key concepts of the book in order to offer a panoramic view of the theory of linguistic bodies. Following the book's structure, I first describe the authors’ notion of body, then refer to their notion ofdialectics, after that, I expose the steps of the model and, finally, get to their conception of languaging.

Research paper thumbnail of The Problem of the Unbridgeable Ontological Gap Between the Brain and Our Private Experiences in Wittgensteinian Terms.

The Problem of the Unbridgeable Ontological Gap Between the Brain and Our Private Experiences in Wittgensteinian Terms.

The paper argues that the common notion that there is a gap between a physical scope, namely, bra... more The paper argues that the common notion that there is a gap between a physical scope, namely, brain processes, and something im-material such as private experiences is an illu-sion provoked by the conceptual conflicts of our understanding. In order to overcome this illusion, it is necessary to clarify the foun-dations and implications of the uses of key concepts in the cognitive field

Research paper thumbnail of On the philosophical foundations of episodic memory as awareness of past events

On the philosophical foundations of episodic memory as awareness of past events

Mental time travel (MTT) is quite a novel label in Philosophy. The notion was set by experimental... more Mental time travel (MTT) is quite a novel label in Philosophy. The notion was set by experimental psychologist and cognitive neuroscientist Endel Tulving in the 1980s and refers to the ability to be aware of subjective past and future events. Tulving’s view on memory and consciousness provides an important conceptual distinction founded in experimentally observed data. In this paper I discuss (1) his concept of episodic memory as awareness, based on Peter Hacker’s distinction of perception and sensation, and his account of memory, and (2) whether memory can be taken as an own-body subjective perception, which, therefore, challenges the conception of memory as stored information in the brain and the idea that we could somehow perceive our memories. The main puzzle is: if awareness is a conscious state that involves veridical perception of present inner or outer states/events, how can we conceive awareness of past and future events? This discussion aims to contribute to Tulving’s conception of MTT by clarifying the conceptual foundations on which we can understand memory.

Research paper thumbnail of O papel da filosofia após as Investigações Filosóficas / The role of philosophy after the 'Philosophical Investigations'

Doctoral Thesis, 2015

O trabalho sintetiza-se em três pontos principais. Primeiro, a desqualificação da visão de Gordon... more O trabalho sintetiza-se em três pontos principais. Primeiro, a desqualificação da visão de Gordon Baker sobre um dos papéis da filosofia como uma terapia do sujeito. Esta desqualificação se dá tanto por meio de uma crítica ao que ele propõe quanto aos seus fundamentos textuais. Segundo, a explicitação da visão de Waismann, que contribui para a crítica a Baker e para o esclarecimento do que entendemos pelo papel da Filosofia nas Investigações Filosóficas. E, em terceiro lugar, a consideração da concepção de Hacker da filosofia como uma atividade de análise conceitual, que desemboca em nossa proposta de avaliação conceitual.

This work can be summarized in three main points. First, the disqualification of Gordon Baker's view of philosophy as a therapy of the subject. This takes place both through a critique of what he proposes and through what it is based on. Second, the explanation of Waismann's view, which contributes to the criticism of Baker and clarifies what we understand as the role of philosophy in Philosophical Investigations. And, thirdly, the consideration of Hackers view of philosophy as an activity of conceptual analysis, which leads to our own view of conceptual evaluation.

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Visit: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-15062015-105430/en.php

Research paper thumbnail of Estudo Sobre Regras e Linguagem Privada

Master's Dissertation, 2009

Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal a análise do papel do conceito de regra nas Investigaçõ... more Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal a análise do papel do conceito de regra nas Investigações Filosóficas de Wittgenstein. No decorrer do texto, deparamonos com as leituras de S. Kripke e G.P. Baker & P.M.S. Hacker. O primeiro defende que a noção de regra, apesar de apresentar um paradoxo, cumpre um importante papel no argumento contra a linguagem privada. E acredita que há uma solução cética para o paradoxo que flerta com o niilismo. Por outro lado, os comentadores ingleses apresentam o conceito de regra cumprindo um papel fundamental na explicação de Wittgenstein acerca do funcionamento da linguagem. Na medida em que estas se constituem como funções normativas de usos das palavras, são expressas na linguagem e determinadas contingentemente de acordo com os contextos de uso.

This work has as main objective the analysis of the role of the concept of rule in Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations. Throughout the text, we have the readings of S. Kripke and G.P. Baker & P M S. Hacker. The first argues that the notion of rule, in spite of presenting a paradox, it is a very important point in the argument against private language. He believes there is a skeptical solution to the paradox which flirts with nihilism. Furthermore, the English commentators have the concept of rule fulfilling a key role in the explanation of Wittgenstein on the functioning of language. The rules are as functions of normative uses of words, they are expressed in the language and determinate according to the contexts of use.

WARNING - Viewing this document is conditioned on your acceptance of the following terms of use: This document is only for private use for research and teaching activities. Reproduction for commercial use is forbidden. These rights cover the whole data about this document as well as its contents. Any uses or copies of this document in whole or in part must include the author's name.
Visit: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-02122009-093554/en.php

Research paper thumbnail of Sobre um suposto direito de mentir: um paralelo entre Kant, Schopenhauer e Constant, e alguns conceitos schopenhauerianos

Sobre um suposto direito de mentir: um paralelo entre Kant, Schopenhauer e Constant, e alguns conceitos schopenhauerianos

Os Filósofos, Immanuel Kant, Benjamim Constant e Arthur Schopenhauer, divergem quando se trata de... more Os Filósofos, Immanuel Kant, Benjamim Constant e Arthur Schopenhauer, divergem quando se trata de um suposto direito de mentir. Cada um defende uma maneira através da qual os indivíduos praticariam ações moralmente boas; Kant acredita que os indivíduos não têm direito de mentir, Constant, defende que devemos dizer a verdade quando o ouvinte tiver direito a ela, e Schopenhauer, acredita que temos o direito de mentir em determinadas condições. Neste texto encontra-se uma breve análise das concepções de boa conduta de cada autor, com relação ao direito que um indivíduo tem, ou não, de mentir em algumas situações ou em nenhuma.

Research paper thumbnail of Comentário a “O externalismo semiótico ativo de C. S. Peirce e a cantoria de viola como signo em ação”

v. 44, n. 3: Em busca de uma ontologia para o paradigma 4e, 2021

Comentário Artigos / Articles Comentário a "o externalismo semiótiCo ativo de C. s. PeirCe e a Ca... more Comentário Artigos / Articles Comentário a "o externalismo semiótiCo ativo de C. s. PeirCe e a Cantoria de viola Como signo em ação": em busCa de uma ontologia Para o Paradigma 4e

Research paper thumbnail of As múltiplas faces de problemas situados sob o tópico Cognição & Linguagem

Aufklärung: journal of philosophy, 2021

O que observamos ao pesquisar qualquer tópico que se enquadre sob os rótulos Cognição e/ou Lingua... more O que observamos ao pesquisar qualquer tópico que se enquadre sob os rótulos Cognição e/ou Linguagem é a grande diversidade de perspectivas sob as quais podemos considerálos e de aspectos relevantes sobre os quais devemos nos debruçar. Muitas vezes, durante a pesquisa, esclarecemos alguns pontos muito específicos, algumas vezes obtemos uma visão perspícua e panorâmica sobre um determinado foco de debate, mas sempre temos o objetivo de obter uma visão perspícua e panorâmica ampla o suficiente para iluminar as grandes questões que temos acerca da nossa própria condição humana, enquanto seres linguísticos. Os esforços que venho empenhando vão nessa direção: a de obter uma visão perspícua e panorâmica dos diversos focos de debate que compõem um amplo cenário de compreensão acerca da nossa condição humana. Neste texto, apresento com entusiasmo as excelentes contribuições de pesquisadores nacionais e internacionais a este volume e delineio algumas conexões entre eles. Eles iluminam pontos específicos muito relevantes para o amplo cenário de pesquisa sobre Cognição & Linguagem e compõem uma seleção cuidadosa de grande valia a todos os interessados nesses tópicos. Espero que essas contribuições sejam para você, leitor, tão relevantes quanto são para mim. Em nosso texto de abertura, "The arrival of the Smartest: In favour of a pluralistic account of the evolution of cognition", Giorgio Airoldi, pesquisador e professor da UNED, de Madrid, na Espanha, nos convida a refletir sobre o aspecto evolutivo da cognição e sobre como as concepções cognitivistas tradicionais da mente (representacionalismo e computacionalismo) falham em captar a realidade complexa dos fenômenos cognitivos. Airoldi inicia seu artigo descrevendo um interessante conto de ficção científica no qual a seleção do mais adaptado não equivale à seleção do mais

Research paper thumbnail of Comentário a “O externalismo semiótico ativo de C. S. Peirce e a cantoria de viola como signo em ação”

Trans/Form/Ação, 2021

O externalismo cognitivo pode ser entendido como a tese de que as características do ambiente fís... more O externalismo cognitivo pode ser entendido como a tese de que as características do ambiente físico, social e cultural de um agente são elementos constitutivos do sistema cognitivo desse agente. Nesse sentido, o conteúdo de estados mentais, por exemplo, crenças e desejos, podem, pelo menos em parte, depender constitutivamente das características do ambiente físico, social e cultural de um agente . A principal contribuição do artigo de Pedro Atã e João Queiroz é, como indicado pelos próprios autores,

Research paper thumbnail of O papel da filosofia após as Investigações Filosóficas

Agradecimentos e dedicatória encontram-se juntos porque dedico este trabalho, em agradecimento, a... more Agradecimentos e dedicatória encontram-se juntos porque dedico este trabalho, em agradecimento, a todos os que, com maior ou menor intensidade, estiveram envolvidos das mais diversas formas em minha vida e nos processos de pensamento que percorri durante desses quatro anos -e até mesmo desde os tempos de faculdade. É difícil saber por onde começar os agradecimentos, pois o resultado deste trabalho dependeu de uma somatória grande de fatores e pessoas. Talvez seja oportuno começar pelo próprio Wittgenstein, que me ajudou a superar o vazio que eu via nos problemas da filosofia; Baker e Hacker, por me ajudarem a entender Wittgenstein, e Waismann por ter dito muito do que eu gostaria de dizer. Autores à parte, aqui vão meus especiais agradecimentos ao Prof. Peter Hacker, com quem tive o imenso prazer de dialogar e que me inspirou profundamente. Meus agradecimentos aos Professores, Charles Travis, Bill Brewer, Clayton LittleJohn e Jeffrey Bloechl por me receberem abertamente e estarem dispostos a discutir os temas que propus. Ao meu orientador, Luiz Henrique Lopes dos Santos, sem o qual nada disto seria possível e aos professores Bento Prado Neto e Caetano Plastino por importantes contribuições dadas na qualificação. À CAPES, pelo financiamento.

Research paper thumbnail of Virtual Reality, Embodiment, and Allusion: an Ecological-Enactive Approach

Virtual Reality, Embodiment, and Allusion: an Ecological-Enactive Approach

Philosophy & Technology

It is common in the cognitive and computational sciences to regard virtual reality (VR) as compos... more It is common in the cognitive and computational sciences to regard virtual reality (VR) as composed of illusory experiences, given its immersive character. In this paper, we adopt an ecological-enactive perspective on cognition (section 3) to evaluate the nature of VR and one's engagement with it. Based on a post-cognitivist conception of illusion, we reject the commonly held assumption that virtual reality experiences (VREs) are illusory (section 4). Our positive take on this issue is that VR devices, like other technological devices, can be embodied during use, which is why they can be the source of experiences (section 5). We then propose a new concept to interpret VREs, namely, allusion, which means that the subject acts as if the virtual experiences are real (section 6). This kind of engagement has a volitional aspect, which is evident in the onboarding of VR devices and which allows us to distinguish VREs from other experiences. We conclude that, even though we have experiences that afford certain interactions in VR, the strong continuity between cognitive and biological processes is not sustained therein. This characterizes a difference of kind-given the current state of technology-between VREs and fully fledged cognitive states, which nevertheless allows for constrained experimentation in cognitive science.

Research paper thumbnail of Linguistic Meaning Meets Linguistic Form in Action

Manuscrito, 2022

In this paper we suggest that Duffley's sign-based semantics rests on two main claims: a methodol... more In this paper we suggest that Duffley's sign-based semantics rests on two main claims: a methodological one and an ontological one. The methodological one is the analysis of corpora and the ontological one is the postulate of mental content. By adopting a linguistic enactivist perspective with a Wittgensteinian twist, we endorse Duffley's methodological claim and suggest that

Research paper thumbnail of Linguistic Meanings Meet Linguistic Form

Manuscrito, 2022

In this paper I critically address some ideas presented in Patrick Duffley's book Linguistic Mean... more In this paper I critically address some ideas presented in Patrick Duffley's book Linguistic Meaning Meets Linguistic Form. Duffley adopts the semiological principle that linguistic signs have stable meanings. I argue that this principle leads Duffley to an artificial description of the meaning of the preposition for, in attempting to avoid the charge of polysemy. Another issue is that the principle is not consistently followed throughout the book, such as in Duffley's analysis of the meaning of start, or in his acceptance of words with encyclopedic meanings. I also point out 1 I would like to thank

Research paper thumbnail of Issues Concerning Linguistic Meaning and Form: Introductory Remarks

Manuscrito, 2022

In this introduction we present Patrick Duffley's book Linguistic Meaning meets Linguistic Form, ... more In this introduction we present Patrick Duffley's book Linguistic Meaning meets Linguistic Form, as well as the contributions that each scholar has brought into the debate on linguistic meaning and form. They deal with semantic and foundational issues regarding a sign-based approach to meaning.

Research paper thumbnail of Raciocínios analógicos: representacionalismo ou enativismo?

Revista Perspectiva Filosófica - ISSN: 2357-9986, Aug 27, 2020

Raciocínios analógicos são tradicionalmente concebidos como processos que envolvem a comparação d... more Raciocínios analógicos são tradicionalmente concebidos como processos que envolvem a comparação de representações mentais. Mais recentemente, com o surgimento de teorias não-representacionalistas da cognição humana, surge a questão de como explicar processos tradicionalmente concebidos como representacionais. Nesse contexto, levantamos a discussão sobre se representações mentais farão parte de uma explicação dos raciocínios analógicos, oferecendo um embate de perspectivas e tendo como principal objetivo o fomento do debate. Primeiramente, apresentamos a visão segundo a qual raciocínios analógicos são processos mentais representacionais. Em seguida, apresentamos alguns problemas levantados por Fodor para o seu tratamento computacional, mas sugerimos que esses problemas não afetam a ideia de que raciocínios analógicos envolvem representações mentais. Na seção seguinte, apresentamos a teoria enativista linguística e sugerimos a possibilidade de compatibilização dessa teoria com uma concepção de analogia enquanto processo de categorização não-representacional. Por fim, sintetizamos as duas propostas apresentadas e sugerimos que o contraste de perspectivas divergentes sobre capacidades cognitivas é especialmente frutífero para a nossa compreensão da mente.

Research paper thumbnail of On the notion of dialectics in the linguistic bodies theory

Filosofia Unisinos

This paper addresses the notion of dialectics in the linguistic bodies theory. First, it presents... more This paper addresses the notion of dialectics in the linguistic bodies theory. First, it presents it as a three-aspect concept, namely, the ontological aspect, the methodological aspect, and the dialectical model. Subsequently, it discusses the ontological aspect and the dialectical model and, based on the enactivist linguistic notions of concreteness and abstraction, suggests that it can be conceived as a two-fold concept: methodological and epistemological. This suggestion intends to avoid the paradox we are led to by acknowledging three ontological enactivist claims and a few assumptions of the methodological approach.Keywords: Dialectics, Enactivism, Language, Epistemology, Ontology.

Research paper thumbnail of Estudo Sobre Regras e Linguagem Privada

rios... É porque assim faço mais sentir aos homens falsos A existência verdadeiramente real das f... more rios... É porque assim faço mais sentir aos homens falsos A existência verdadeiramente real das flores e dos rios. (...) Não concordo comigo mas absolvo-me, (...) Porque há homens que não percebem a sua linguagem, (...)" (Alberto Caeiro) Agradeço muito especialmente ao meu orientador, Luiz Henrique, pela imensa paciência e disposição. Ao meu companheiro, Saul, pelos diversos momentos em que se empenhou em afastar meu pessimismo, pelo convívio diário em que me incentivou e esforçou-se para levantar meu astral e pelas diversas noites em que, pacientemente, me ajudou a esclarecer meus próprios pontos de vista. Ao meu pai, Paulo, por acreditar em mim mais do que eu e sempre me apoiar. A CAPES, pelo período de bolsa, sem a qual não seria possível a realização deste trabalho. Ao meu revisor, João Paulo, que se dispôs a trabalhar com afinco. A minha irmã, Mayara, e minha mãe, Maria, por sempre estarem disponíveis a me ajudar em situações diversas. Aos amigos Paulo e Regina, por me apoiarem sempre. A Viviane e Dani pelo apoio psicológico. E a todos os meus amigos e familiares pelos momentos de diversão e entretenimento. Ao meu pai. RESUMO FIGUEIREDO, N. M. Estudo sobre regras e linguagem privada. A divergência de interpretações sobre a noção de regra nas Investigações Filosóficas. 2009 Dissertação (Mestrado em Filosofia) -

Research paper thumbnail of Mental or Neural Representations: Justifying the terminology used in cognitive neuroscience

In this paper we investigate whether one of the most common uses of the concept of representation... more In this paper we investigate whether one of the most common uses of the concept of representation is justifiable by suggesting the conditions under which it can be accepted and how it can be related to mental states. We present mental states in terms of private experiences and public events. We argue that a representation is a relation involving three main elements as well as the user of the representation, and defend that the conditions in which we can conceive neural activity as representational are set by the context of observing a correlation between public events and patterns of neural activity. We aim at demonstrating that neural activity can be seen as both representational and non-representational - but rather constitutive - depending upon if we are considering public events under the perspective of the observer, or if we are considering private experiences under the subjective perspective.

Research paper thumbnail of Regras e linguagem privada: interpretações divergentes

Regras e linguagem privada: interpretações divergentes

Este trabalho tem como foco a análise do conceito de regra nas Investigações Filosóficas de Wittg... more Este trabalho tem como foco a análise do conceito de regra nas Investigações Filosóficas de Wittgenstein, considerando as leituras de S. Kripke e G.P. Baker & P.M.S. Hacker. O primeiro defende que a noção de regra, apesar de apresentar um paradoxo, cumpre um importante papel no argumento contra a linguagem privada. Já os comentadores ingleses sugerem que o conceito de regra cumpre um papel fundamental na explicação de Wittgenstein acerca do funcionamento da linguagem.

Research paper thumbnail of On the philosophical method: therapy?

On the philosophical method: therapy?

Aufklärung journal of philosophy

Research paper thumbnail of On the philosophical foundations of episodic memory as awareness of past events

Filosofia Unisinos

Mental time travel (MTT) is quite a novel label in Philosophy. The notion was set by experimental... more Mental time travel (MTT) is quite a novel label in Philosophy. The notion was set by experimental psychologist and cognitive neuroscientist Endel Tulving in the 1980s and refers to the ability to be aware of subjective past and future events. Tulving's view on memory and consciousness provides an important conceptual distinction founded in experimentally observed data. In this paper I discuss (1) his concept of episodic memory as awareness, based on Peter Hacker's distinction of perception and sensation, and his account of memory, and (2) whether memory can be taken as an own-body subjective perception, which, therefore, challenges the conception of memory as stored information in the brain and the idea that we could somehow perceive our memories. The main puzzle is: if awareness is a conscious state that involves veridical perception of present inner or outer states/events, how can we conceive awareness of past and future events? This discussion aims to contribute to Tulving's conception of MTT by clarifying the conceptual foundations on which we can understand memory.

Research paper thumbnail of BOOK REVIEW: DI PAOLO, Ezequiel, DE JAEGHER, Hanne CUFFARI, Elena. Linguistic Bodies: The continuity between Life and Language. (MIT Press, 2018, 414 pages)

Manuscrito

In this review, I briefly explain some of the key concepts of the book in order to offer a panora... more In this review, I briefly explain some of the key concepts of the book in order to offer a panoramic view of the theory of linguistic bodies. Following the book's structure, I first describe the authors' notion of body, then refer to their notion of dialectics, after that, I expose the steps of the model and, finally, get to their conception of languaging.

Research paper thumbnail of The Problem of the Unbridgeable Ontological Gap Between the Brain and Our Private Experiences in Wittgensteinian Terms

Discurso

The paper argues that the common notion that there is a gap between a physical scope, namely, bra... more The paper argues that the common notion that there is a gap between a physical scope, namely, brain processes, and something immaterial such as private experiences is an illusion provoked by the conceptual conflicts of our understanding. In order to overcome this illusion, it is necessary to clarify the foundations and implications of the uses of key concepts in the cognitive field.

Research paper thumbnail of Bringing forth a world, literally

Bringing forth a world, literally

Our objective in this paper is twofold: first, we intend to address the tenability of the enactiv... more Our objective in this paper is twofold: first, we intend to address the tenability of the enactivist middle way between realism and idealism, as it is proposed in The Embodied Mind. We do so by taking the enactivist conception of bringing forth a world literally in three conceptual levels: enaction, niche construction and social construction. Based on this proposal, we claim that enactivism is compatible with the idea of an independent reality without committing to the claim that organisms have cognitive access to a world composed of properties specified prior to any cognitive activity. Our second goal is to show that our literal interpretation of bringing forth a world not only sustains the legitimacy of the middle way, but it also allows us to revive the conception of evolution as natural drift—which is perhaps the least examined aspect of the original enactivist theory and is central to the understanding of cognition in an enactive way. Natural drift focuses on how structural cou...