Emmanuel Egbunu | University of Ilorin, Ilorin Kwara State Nigeria (original) (raw)
Papers by Emmanuel Egbunu
Malaria Journal, Jan 17, 2024
This paper examines the far-reaching implications of Triple Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy... more This paper examines the far-reaching implications of Triple Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy (TACT) in the global battle against malaria. Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy (ACT) is recognized for its cost-effectiveness, lower likelihood of adverse events, and widespread acceptance by patients and healthcare providers. However, TACT introduces novel dimensions to the fight against malaria that make them a superior choice in several aspects. TACT has been demonstrated to address resistance, offer a broader spectrum of action, reduce the risk of treatment failure, and can be tailored to meet regional needs, strengthening the global effort to combat malaria. However, maximizing these benefits of TACT depends on accessibility, particularly in resource-limited regions where malaria is most prevalent. Collaborative efforts among stakeholders, sustainable pricing strategies, efficient supply chains, and public-private partnerships are essential to ensure that TACT reaches needy populations. Moreover, dispelling prevalent malaria myths through health education campaigns is critical in this endeavour. The paper underscores the significance of collaborative initiatives and partnerships among governments, international organizations, research institutions, acadaemia, pharmaceutical companies, and local communities. Together, these efforts can pave the way for the acceptance, adoption, and success of TACT, ultimately advancing the global goal of a malaria-free world.
Annals of Medicine, Nov 26, 2023
Current Problems in Cardiology, Dec 31, 2023
Annals of Medicine & Surgery
Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, and cognitive impairment is a common... more Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, and cognitive impairment is a common consequence of stroke. Understanding the connection between stroke and cognitive impairment is crucial for effectively managing symptoms and improving patients’ quality of life. This abstract provides an overview of the relationship between stroke and cognitive impairment and explores strategies for managing cognitive symptoms in stroke survivors. A comprehensive review of relevant literature was conducted to examine the association between stroke and cognitive impairment. Various factors contributing to cognitive impairment after stroke were explored, including the location and severity of the stroke, vascular risk factors, and underlying mechanisms. Evidence-based strategies for managing cognitive symptoms in stroke survivors were also analyzed, such as cognitive rehabilitation, pharmacological interventions, and lifestyle modifications. The review revealed a strong link between strok...
New Microbes and New Infections
Annals of Medicine & Surgery
The most frequent hyperglycemic emergency and the leading cause of death in people with diabetes ... more The most frequent hyperglycemic emergency and the leading cause of death in people with diabetes mellitus is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is common in people with type 1 diabetes, while type 2 diabetes accounts for roughly one-third of occurrences. Although DKA mortality rates have generally decreased to low levels, they are still significant in many underdeveloped nations. In industrialized countries, its mortality rate ranges from 2 to 5%, but in underdeveloped nations, it ranges from 6 to 24%. Therefore, it is always lethal if misdiagnosed or improperly treated. According to specific research, DKA can be present at the time of type 1 diabetes onset in 25 to 30% of cases and in 4 to 29% of young people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and its features include hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and ketosis with its triggering factors commonly being infections, newly discovered diabetes, and failure to start insulin therapy. Less than 20% of DKA patients present comatose, and pati...
Medicine
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent and progressive condition affecting millions worldwid... more Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent and progressive condition affecting millions worldwide. It is a long-term condition characterized by gradual loss of kidney function over time. The management of CKD is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. This review aims to outline the current management guidelines for CKD. The study included a comprehensive search of various PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases for articles published between 2010 and 2023. The search terms used were "chronic kidney disease," "management," and "guidelines." The inclusion criteria were articles that provided management guidelines for patients with CKD. A total of 23 articles were included in the review. Most articles were based on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines, the most widely recognized and used guidelines for managing CKD. The study found that the guidelines emphasize the importance of early detection and management of C...
Advances in Research
Telemedicine is an emerging healthcare delivery model that uses information and communication tec... more Telemedicine is an emerging healthcare delivery model that uses information and communication technologies (ICTs) to give medical services remotely. This model is gaining increasing attention due to its potential to improve healthcare outcomes, particularly in resource-limited settings. Telemedicine has been shown to improve patient access to medical care, reduce healthcare costs, and increase patient satisfaction. Telemedicine also offers medical education and training opportunities, remote consultations and diagnoses, and remote patient health status monitoring. This paper provides an overview of the potential benefits of telemedicine. It highlights some critical challenges to its widespread adoption, including regulatory and policy issues, technical and infrastructure constraints, and data privacy and security issues. The paper concludes by discussing future directions for telemedicine and the need for continued research and innovation to ensure its success as a sustainable healt...
Advances in Research
A look into socioeconomic status (SES) associations with delayed diagnosis of sickle cell disease... more A look into socioeconomic status (SES) associations with delayed diagnosis of sickle cell disease (SCD) is necessary to improve societal norms, governmental health policies, and strategies. A person's social standing in a society is generally governed by the combination of his education, profession, and income, which is regarded as his SES. Considerable evidence establishes the likelihood of individuals from low SES suffering from the disease, cognitive problems, and increased mortality (Lubeck et al., 2019, National Research, 2004). Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common severe genetic hemoglobinopathies recognized by the World Health Organization as a global public health problem. Socioeconomic status (SES) is an individual's social or economic standing and measures an individual's or family's financial position or rank in a social group. Current guidelines and management algorithms of SCD do not factor in the effect of SES on patients with SCD. There ...
Advances in Research, 2023
A look into socioeconomic status (SES) associations with delayed diagnosis of sickle cell disease... more A look into socioeconomic status (SES) associations with delayed diagnosis of sickle cell disease (SCD) is necessary to improve societal norms, governmental health policies, and strategies. A person's social standing in a society is generally governed by the combination of his education, profession, and income, which is regarded as his SES. Considerable evidence establishes the likelihood of individuals from low SES suffering from the disease, cognitive problems, and increased mortality (Lubeck et al., 2019, National Research, 2004). Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common severe genetic hemoglobinopathies recognized by the World Health Organization as a global public health problem. Socioeconomic status (SES) is an individual's social or economic standing and measures an individual's or family's financial position or rank in a social group. Current guidelines and management algorithms of SCD do not factor in the effect of SES on patients with SCD. There needs to be more literature regarding the role of SES and its impact on clinical outcomes and characteristics of SCD. Studies have shown that lower SES is linked to disproportionate access to health care in many diseases, and of all the factors that measure SES, income was the most indicative.
Journal of advances in medicine and medical research, Feb 25, 2023
International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports
Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systemat... more Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systematic examination are followed by relevant investigations in the treatment of a patient with a foreign body in the esophagus. However, there is considerable disagreement about which treatment option is best for such patients. This review aims to develop a comprehensive approach towards patients presenting with foreign body ingestion by creating clinical practice guidelines. These guidelines, which are based on a review of the literature, cover not only the initial assessment of the patient but also the various management options and their benefits, limitations, and suitability for use in different situations.
Unio Cum Christo
A historical perspective is a vital part of insight into Anglicanism in Africa. This article asse... more A historical perspective is a vital part of insight into Anglicanism in Africa. This article assesses the role of missionaries when colonialists and missionaries were often perceived as collaborators. Further, the African nations’ struggle for independence impacted issues of identity and enculturation, so it offers a review of the place of African cultural and religious practices in this new faith, including the place of the uneducated in a seemingly elite religion and how addressing this necessitated liturgical renewal and other adaptations. Finally, it will look at the Anglican mission in African societies in relation to leadership, injustice, poverty, disease, secularization, and a restive youth population and highlight African Anglicans’ response to Western revisionist tendencies and redefinitions of gender and family. KEYWORDS: Anglicanism, bishop, colonialism, historical perspective, identity, Kikuyu Conference, East African Revival, missionary
International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical case reports, 2023
Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systemat... more Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systematic examination are followed by relevant investigations in the treatment of a patient with a foreign body in the esophagus. However, there is considerable disagreement about which treatment option is best for such patients. This review aims to develop a comprehensive approach towards patients presenting with foreign body ingestion by creating clinical practice guidelines.
Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systemat... more Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systematic examination are followed by relevant investigations in the treatment of a patient with a foreign body in the esophagus. However, there is considerable disagreement about which treatment option is best for such patients. This review aims to develop a comprehensive approach towards patients presenting with foreign body ingestion by creating clinical practice guidelines.
International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal
Alcohol withdrawal is a clinical state characterized by symptoms such as tremors, tachycardia, sw... more Alcohol withdrawal is a clinical state characterized by symptoms such as tremors, tachycardia, sweating, nausea and vomiting, headache, malaise, insomnia, grand mal convulsions amongst others. Patients typically present acutely with a history of recent cessation or reduction of heavy alcohol use after a long period of repeated, persistent use. It may feature perceptual disturbances such as illusions or hallucinations. It may present with delirium in a condition known as delirium tremens, which typically occurs after recent cessation or reduction of very heavy alcohol use in patients with a long-standing history of alcohol dependence syndrome, who may also have coexisting medical conditions. We herein report a case of a 40 year old man, with a 12-month history of persistent alcohol use, who presented with classical symptoms of alcohol withdrawal including inability to sleep, excessive sweating, tachycardia, vomiting, and hallucinations. There is no associated history of convulsions o...
International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal, 2023
Alcohol withdrawal is a clinical state characterized by symptoms such as tremors, tachycardia, sw... more Alcohol withdrawal is a clinical state characterized by symptoms such as tremors, tachycardia, sweating, nausea and vomiting, headache, malaise, insomnia, grand mal convulsions amongst others. Patients typically present acutely with a history of recent cessation or reduction of heavy alcohol use after a long period of repeated, persistent use. It may feature perceptual disturbances such as illusions or hallucinations. It may present with delirium in a condition known as delirium tremens, which typically occurs after recent cessation or reduction of very heavy alcohol use in patients with a long-standing history of alcohol dependence syndrome, who may also have coexisting medical conditions. We herein report a case of a 40 year old man, with a 12-month history of persistent alcohol use, who presented with classical symptoms of alcohol withdrawal including inability to sleep, excessive sweating, tachycardia, vomiting, and hallucinations. There is no associated history of convulsions or co-morbid medical conditions. Features of this case are discussed, as well as evaluation and treatment of alcohol withdrawal.
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research
Asthma is a long-term heterogeneous inflammatory condition of the airways. It is marked by shortn... more Asthma is a long-term heterogeneous inflammatory condition of the airways. It is marked by shortness of breath, wheezing, intermittent cough and bronchial hyperreactivity. It has several phenotypes and people living with asthma have atopy. Asthma can occur at any age. However, it is more common in males before puberty; then, has equal sex ratio by adulthood.
Malaria Journal, Jan 17, 2024
This paper examines the far-reaching implications of Triple Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy... more This paper examines the far-reaching implications of Triple Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy (TACT) in the global battle against malaria. Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy (ACT) is recognized for its cost-effectiveness, lower likelihood of adverse events, and widespread acceptance by patients and healthcare providers. However, TACT introduces novel dimensions to the fight against malaria that make them a superior choice in several aspects. TACT has been demonstrated to address resistance, offer a broader spectrum of action, reduce the risk of treatment failure, and can be tailored to meet regional needs, strengthening the global effort to combat malaria. However, maximizing these benefits of TACT depends on accessibility, particularly in resource-limited regions where malaria is most prevalent. Collaborative efforts among stakeholders, sustainable pricing strategies, efficient supply chains, and public-private partnerships are essential to ensure that TACT reaches needy populations. Moreover, dispelling prevalent malaria myths through health education campaigns is critical in this endeavour. The paper underscores the significance of collaborative initiatives and partnerships among governments, international organizations, research institutions, acadaemia, pharmaceutical companies, and local communities. Together, these efforts can pave the way for the acceptance, adoption, and success of TACT, ultimately advancing the global goal of a malaria-free world.
Annals of Medicine, Nov 26, 2023
Current Problems in Cardiology, Dec 31, 2023
Annals of Medicine & Surgery
Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, and cognitive impairment is a common... more Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, and cognitive impairment is a common consequence of stroke. Understanding the connection between stroke and cognitive impairment is crucial for effectively managing symptoms and improving patients’ quality of life. This abstract provides an overview of the relationship between stroke and cognitive impairment and explores strategies for managing cognitive symptoms in stroke survivors. A comprehensive review of relevant literature was conducted to examine the association between stroke and cognitive impairment. Various factors contributing to cognitive impairment after stroke were explored, including the location and severity of the stroke, vascular risk factors, and underlying mechanisms. Evidence-based strategies for managing cognitive symptoms in stroke survivors were also analyzed, such as cognitive rehabilitation, pharmacological interventions, and lifestyle modifications. The review revealed a strong link between strok...
New Microbes and New Infections
Annals of Medicine & Surgery
The most frequent hyperglycemic emergency and the leading cause of death in people with diabetes ... more The most frequent hyperglycemic emergency and the leading cause of death in people with diabetes mellitus is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is common in people with type 1 diabetes, while type 2 diabetes accounts for roughly one-third of occurrences. Although DKA mortality rates have generally decreased to low levels, they are still significant in many underdeveloped nations. In industrialized countries, its mortality rate ranges from 2 to 5%, but in underdeveloped nations, it ranges from 6 to 24%. Therefore, it is always lethal if misdiagnosed or improperly treated. According to specific research, DKA can be present at the time of type 1 diabetes onset in 25 to 30% of cases and in 4 to 29% of young people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and its features include hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and ketosis with its triggering factors commonly being infections, newly discovered diabetes, and failure to start insulin therapy. Less than 20% of DKA patients present comatose, and pati...
Medicine
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent and progressive condition affecting millions worldwid... more Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent and progressive condition affecting millions worldwide. It is a long-term condition characterized by gradual loss of kidney function over time. The management of CKD is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. This review aims to outline the current management guidelines for CKD. The study included a comprehensive search of various PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases for articles published between 2010 and 2023. The search terms used were "chronic kidney disease," "management," and "guidelines." The inclusion criteria were articles that provided management guidelines for patients with CKD. A total of 23 articles were included in the review. Most articles were based on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines, the most widely recognized and used guidelines for managing CKD. The study found that the guidelines emphasize the importance of early detection and management of C...
Advances in Research
Telemedicine is an emerging healthcare delivery model that uses information and communication tec... more Telemedicine is an emerging healthcare delivery model that uses information and communication technologies (ICTs) to give medical services remotely. This model is gaining increasing attention due to its potential to improve healthcare outcomes, particularly in resource-limited settings. Telemedicine has been shown to improve patient access to medical care, reduce healthcare costs, and increase patient satisfaction. Telemedicine also offers medical education and training opportunities, remote consultations and diagnoses, and remote patient health status monitoring. This paper provides an overview of the potential benefits of telemedicine. It highlights some critical challenges to its widespread adoption, including regulatory and policy issues, technical and infrastructure constraints, and data privacy and security issues. The paper concludes by discussing future directions for telemedicine and the need for continued research and innovation to ensure its success as a sustainable healt...
Advances in Research
A look into socioeconomic status (SES) associations with delayed diagnosis of sickle cell disease... more A look into socioeconomic status (SES) associations with delayed diagnosis of sickle cell disease (SCD) is necessary to improve societal norms, governmental health policies, and strategies. A person's social standing in a society is generally governed by the combination of his education, profession, and income, which is regarded as his SES. Considerable evidence establishes the likelihood of individuals from low SES suffering from the disease, cognitive problems, and increased mortality (Lubeck et al., 2019, National Research, 2004). Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common severe genetic hemoglobinopathies recognized by the World Health Organization as a global public health problem. Socioeconomic status (SES) is an individual's social or economic standing and measures an individual's or family's financial position or rank in a social group. Current guidelines and management algorithms of SCD do not factor in the effect of SES on patients with SCD. There ...
Advances in Research, 2023
A look into socioeconomic status (SES) associations with delayed diagnosis of sickle cell disease... more A look into socioeconomic status (SES) associations with delayed diagnosis of sickle cell disease (SCD) is necessary to improve societal norms, governmental health policies, and strategies. A person's social standing in a society is generally governed by the combination of his education, profession, and income, which is regarded as his SES. Considerable evidence establishes the likelihood of individuals from low SES suffering from the disease, cognitive problems, and increased mortality (Lubeck et al., 2019, National Research, 2004). Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common severe genetic hemoglobinopathies recognized by the World Health Organization as a global public health problem. Socioeconomic status (SES) is an individual's social or economic standing and measures an individual's or family's financial position or rank in a social group. Current guidelines and management algorithms of SCD do not factor in the effect of SES on patients with SCD. There needs to be more literature regarding the role of SES and its impact on clinical outcomes and characteristics of SCD. Studies have shown that lower SES is linked to disproportionate access to health care in many diseases, and of all the factors that measure SES, income was the most indicative.
Journal of advances in medicine and medical research, Feb 25, 2023
International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports
Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systemat... more Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systematic examination are followed by relevant investigations in the treatment of a patient with a foreign body in the esophagus. However, there is considerable disagreement about which treatment option is best for such patients. This review aims to develop a comprehensive approach towards patients presenting with foreign body ingestion by creating clinical practice guidelines. These guidelines, which are based on a review of the literature, cover not only the initial assessment of the patient but also the various management options and their benefits, limitations, and suitability for use in different situations.
Unio Cum Christo
A historical perspective is a vital part of insight into Anglicanism in Africa. This article asse... more A historical perspective is a vital part of insight into Anglicanism in Africa. This article assesses the role of missionaries when colonialists and missionaries were often perceived as collaborators. Further, the African nations’ struggle for independence impacted issues of identity and enculturation, so it offers a review of the place of African cultural and religious practices in this new faith, including the place of the uneducated in a seemingly elite religion and how addressing this necessitated liturgical renewal and other adaptations. Finally, it will look at the Anglican mission in African societies in relation to leadership, injustice, poverty, disease, secularization, and a restive youth population and highlight African Anglicans’ response to Western revisionist tendencies and redefinitions of gender and family. KEYWORDS: Anglicanism, bishop, colonialism, historical perspective, identity, Kikuyu Conference, East African Revival, missionary
International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical case reports, 2023
Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systemat... more Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systematic examination are followed by relevant investigations in the treatment of a patient with a foreign body in the esophagus. However, there is considerable disagreement about which treatment option is best for such patients. This review aims to develop a comprehensive approach towards patients presenting with foreign body ingestion by creating clinical practice guidelines.
Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systemat... more Foreign body in the esophagus is a common emergency presentation. A thorough history and systematic examination are followed by relevant investigations in the treatment of a patient with a foreign body in the esophagus. However, there is considerable disagreement about which treatment option is best for such patients. This review aims to develop a comprehensive approach towards patients presenting with foreign body ingestion by creating clinical practice guidelines.
International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal
Alcohol withdrawal is a clinical state characterized by symptoms such as tremors, tachycardia, sw... more Alcohol withdrawal is a clinical state characterized by symptoms such as tremors, tachycardia, sweating, nausea and vomiting, headache, malaise, insomnia, grand mal convulsions amongst others. Patients typically present acutely with a history of recent cessation or reduction of heavy alcohol use after a long period of repeated, persistent use. It may feature perceptual disturbances such as illusions or hallucinations. It may present with delirium in a condition known as delirium tremens, which typically occurs after recent cessation or reduction of very heavy alcohol use in patients with a long-standing history of alcohol dependence syndrome, who may also have coexisting medical conditions. We herein report a case of a 40 year old man, with a 12-month history of persistent alcohol use, who presented with classical symptoms of alcohol withdrawal including inability to sleep, excessive sweating, tachycardia, vomiting, and hallucinations. There is no associated history of convulsions o...
International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal, 2023
Alcohol withdrawal is a clinical state characterized by symptoms such as tremors, tachycardia, sw... more Alcohol withdrawal is a clinical state characterized by symptoms such as tremors, tachycardia, sweating, nausea and vomiting, headache, malaise, insomnia, grand mal convulsions amongst others. Patients typically present acutely with a history of recent cessation or reduction of heavy alcohol use after a long period of repeated, persistent use. It may feature perceptual disturbances such as illusions or hallucinations. It may present with delirium in a condition known as delirium tremens, which typically occurs after recent cessation or reduction of very heavy alcohol use in patients with a long-standing history of alcohol dependence syndrome, who may also have coexisting medical conditions. We herein report a case of a 40 year old man, with a 12-month history of persistent alcohol use, who presented with classical symptoms of alcohol withdrawal including inability to sleep, excessive sweating, tachycardia, vomiting, and hallucinations. There is no associated history of convulsions or co-morbid medical conditions. Features of this case are discussed, as well as evaluation and treatment of alcohol withdrawal.
Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research
Asthma is a long-term heterogeneous inflammatory condition of the airways. It is marked by shortn... more Asthma is a long-term heterogeneous inflammatory condition of the airways. It is marked by shortness of breath, wheezing, intermittent cough and bronchial hyperreactivity. It has several phenotypes and people living with asthma have atopy. Asthma can occur at any age. However, it is more common in males before puberty; then, has equal sex ratio by adulthood.