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Papers by amin arof

The aim of this paper is to identify the potential benefits and obstacles of the interstate Short... more The aim of this paper is to identify the potential benefits and obstacles of the interstate Short Sea Shipping (SSS) operation in the archipelagic Southeast Asia sub-region. Although literature has addressed a myriad of benefits and obstacles that were caused by the SSS operation as an alternative mode to unimodal land transport, it has been recognised that each SSS corridor may have its own peculiarities. Therefore, the identification of the potential benefits and obstacles through a Delphi survey among sub-regional expert respondents is expected to inform the countries of Southeast Asia on how to direct their limited resources to address the obstacles identified in order to enable a viable interstate SSS operation. The initial review of the benefits and obstacles of SSS operations will focus on case studies performed in Europe as the breadth of literature on SSS outside Europe is still limited. Hence, this study addresses the gap in the literature by focusing on SSS in archipelagic Southeast Asia particularly those involving interstate Ro-Ro operations and extending the usage of Delphi technique to the realm of interstate SSS.

Although the Delphi and AHP techniques have been extensively utilised in maritime transport resea... more Although the Delphi and AHP techniques have been extensively utilised in maritime transport research, the application of a combination of both techniques together in this sector is still limited. Hence, this paper aims to review the application of a combined Delphi and AHP method in maritime transport research through a literature review process. Among others, this study looks into the area of research, the number of expert respondents employed, the minimum prerequisite set for the selection of respondents and whether there is a similarity of respondents in both the Delphi and AHP techniques. In a period that spans around 11 years between 2004 and 2014, it has been discovered that only a total of 8 studies involving the shipping and port sub-sectors have applied the combined method. It is hoped that this review could provide some guidance to researchers in the maritime transport or other relevant areas on how the combined technique could be implemented in future research.

This paper aims to review the key factors for a feasible Short Sea Shipping (SSS) operation that ... more This paper aims to review the key factors for a feasible Short Sea Shipping (SSS) operation that is currently beginning to regain its popularity across the globe through the survey of literature beginning from the year 1999 to 2014. Although the literature has addressed a myriad of important factors through research conducted particularly in Europe, it could be argued that the important determining factors that are required for a particular route or area may not be applicable to another route or area. In Europe, SSS is introduced with the main purpose of diverting freight transportation away from the congested roads whilst for the ASEAN countries, SSS has been part of the initiative to ensure the attainment of a well-connected ASEAN community. Hence, although important lessons could be learned from the European experience, a thorough study would have to be conducted before any SSS endeavour is initiated to ensure the important determining factors for its success are identified. This would enable SSS investors and authorities of countries involved to focus their limited resources to ensure the success of their SSS undertaking.

Notwithstanding the current respite in piracy activities in the Strait of Melaka, there is a poss... more Notwithstanding the current respite in piracy activities in the Strait of Melaka, there is a possibility that it may increase again if the present global economic uncertainty continues to prevail. Taking into account of the current participation of foreign navies to combat piracy in the Gulf of Aden, this paper intends to examine the legality of foreign law enforcement agencies to conduct anti-piracy activities in the Strait of Melaka before any prior consent from the coastal states.

This paper analyses on the restrictions imposed on the Malaysia's maritime defence concepts and s... more This paper analyses on the restrictions imposed on the Malaysia's maritime defence concepts and strategies by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982. Among others, the paper examines the implementation of Sea Control in the maritime areas of national interest. It argues that the maritime areas of national interest do not have similar legal status. Hence, the military activities implemented in these waters need to be consistent with the principles and rights given by international law. The paper concludes that the limitation in military actions would directly inhibit Malaysia's ability to effectively implement the Sea Control concept.

BIMP-EAGA is one of the three important growth areas of ASEAN. In an effort to improve connectivi... more BIMP-EAGA is one of the three important growth areas of ASEAN. In an effort to improve connectivity among the ASEAN countries, SSS concept that has been successfully employed in Europe and North America will be introduced to operate within the ASEAN Nautical Highway network. However to enable for a sustainable SSS service, the challenges and barriers from legal, commercial, technical and environmental aspects need to be overcome. This paper will examine whether there is a potential of overcoming such barriers to enable the introduction of a feasible SSS service in the sub-region.

Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships in other national ports. It is meant ... more Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships in other national ports. It is meant to verify the competency of the master and officers onboard and ensure the condition of a ship and her equipment comply with the requirements of international maritime conventions. It was introduced in 1982 through the Paris Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) in Europe. Ten years after the Paris MoU was formed, another regional MOU, which is known the Asia-Pacific (Tokyo) MOU came into being and enforced in the Asia Pacific region. Malaysia is one of the state parties to Tokyo MOU that is meant to ensure the compliance of various International Maritime Organization (IMO) conventions among foreign ships visiting her ports. Port State Control Officers (PSCOs) are responsible to carry out port state control (PSC) inspections on ships on behalf of their governments. The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of PSC regime on bulk shipping in Malaysian ports. In order to determine the effectiveness and perform a statistical analysis of the PSC regime in Malaysian ports, data collection using a cross-sectional survey has been chosen. The data gathered are compared with the data available from Tokyo MOU annual reports and online database. It is hoped that this study would contribute to the small pool of research involving the PSC regime on bulk shipping in Malaysian ports.

Researchers have identified that Spatial Visualization (SV) ability is an important factor in det... more Researchers have identified that Spatial Visualization (SV) ability is an important factor in determining the success of individuals in many disciplines of studies and vocations. Hence, this paper would try to explore the importance of SV ability in CAD training and would identify whether CAD training could be utilized to enhance one’s SV ability after a certain period of time. Although earlier research findings conducted in different environments were inconclusive, it is arguably worthwhile for a similar study to be conducted in our local environment. For the purpose of this study, undergraduate students of UniKL MIMET who were enrolled into a CAD 3-D course were divided into two separate groups of Low SV and High SV abilities. A similar training was given to all subjects and at the end of the training a post-test was administered to determine whether the treatment provided was effective in enhancing their SV abilities. It is hoped that the findings of this paper would be able to trigger further research in the development of a treatment program using CAD for the purpose of improving students’ SV ability.

Conference Presentations by amin arof

The aim of this paper is to determine the key factors for a feasible interstate Ro-Ro Short Sea S... more The aim of this paper is to determine the key factors for a feasible interstate Ro-Ro Short Sea Shipping (SSS) operation in the Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area (BIMP-EAGA). Although the literature has addressed a myriad of important factors through earlier research, the identification of the key success factors for SSS operations is expected to inform SSS authorities, private investors and financial institutions of the BIMP-EAGA countries to focus their limited resources on several key factors. The initial step in this research design involved the identification of relevant factors that have contributed towards a feasible SSS operation through a process of literature review. However, the breath of literature on SSS outside Europe and North America, which may differ in the required variables for a successful SSS operation is still limited. Hence, a Delphi survey has been conducted with sub-regional SSS experts through a purposive sampling method to identify any new factors and assess their opinions on the relative importance of all the factors involved. This study addresses the gap in the literature by focusing on Ro-Ro SSS in BIMP-EAGA and extending the usage of Delphi technique to the realm of interstate Ro-Ro SSS.