Olga MOLINERO GONZÁLEZ | University of León - Universidad de León (original) (raw)
Papers by Olga MOLINERO GONZÁLEZ
Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte, 2023
Grit is defined as the tendency to pursue long-term goals with perseverance and effort, despite a... more Grit is defined as the tendency to pursue long-term goals with perseverance and effort, despite adversities or failures. In the context of sports, its effect has been studied using the original Short Grit Scale (Grit-S) without any adaptation. The aim of this study was to analyse the psychometric properties of GritS and to
Revista de Psicología del Deporte , 2021
El presente estudio examinó los niveles de resiliencia, el optimismo disposicional y las estrateg... more El presente estudio examinó los niveles de resiliencia, el optimismo disposicional y las estrategias de afrontamiento como predictores de los niveles de estrés-recuperación y aspectos correlaciónales asociados. 91 nadadores, con edades comprendidas entre 13 y 29 años (M = 15.73; DT = 2.62), participaron en el estudio cumplimentando la siguiente batería de cuestionarios: la Escala de Resiliencia (RS), la Escala de Orientación hacia la vida-Revisado (LOT-R), el Cuestionario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento en Competición Deportiva (ISCCS) y el Cuestionario de Estrés-Recuperación para Deportistas (RESTQ-Sport). El objetivo principal del estudio fue realizar un modelo predictivo del estrés y de la recuperación en una muestra de nadadores de competición. El modelo de regresión ajustado reveló asociación positiva entre la resiliencia y el optimismo disposicional con la utilización de estrategias orientadas a la tarea. Elevados niveles de resiliencia y optimismo se relacionaron con menores niveles de estrés y mayores de recuperación, siendo el modelo invariante al sexo. Nuestros hallazgos reflejan que la resiliencia, el optimismo disposicional y las estrategias de afrontamiento son características psicológicas que influyen en el estado de forma del deportista.
Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 2024
Determinar las lesiones más relevantes en cada deporte, frecuencia y gravedad es fundamental, y r... more Determinar las lesiones más relevantes en cada deporte, frecuencia y gravedad es fundamental, y representa el primer paso para la prevención de las mismas. El objetivo principal de la investigación fue realizar un estudio epidemiológico en la modalidad atlética de lanzamientos. Participaron 66 lanzadores de élite españoles. Se analizó el índice de lesión, región corporal más afectada, lesiones más frecuentes y relación existente entre éstas y el sexo, modalidad de lanzamiento, categoría y nivel competitivo. Se administró un cuestionario desarrollado ad hoc a partirde la herramienta Injury Surveillance System de la National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Los resultados mostraron que los deportistas de mayor nivel competitivo, a pesar de tener mayor número de horas de exposición, obtuvieron menor índice de lesión. La extremidad inferior fue la más afectada. El tipo de lesión más común fue el de las sobrecargas, concretamente los problemas musculares.
Frontiers in Public Health, 2024
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affected older adults worldwide. Sedentary older adults experie... more Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affected older adults worldwide.
Sedentary older adults experienced more severe adverse health effects due
to their shelter-in-place. Physical activity was strongly recommended during
periods of social distancing. The present study evaluated the impact of a
virtually supervised exercise program on the physical fitness and mental health of Mexican older adults during the pandemic’s lockdown.
Methods: Participants were 44 older adults who were assigned to one of four
physical fitness groups: a healthy control group (Ctrl-H, n = 15), a comorbidity
control group (Ctrl-COM, n = 9), an exercise group without comorbidities
(Exe-H, n = 11), and an exercise group with comorbidities (Exe-COM, n = 9).
The participants engaged in a 60-min, virtually-supervised concurrent exercise session three times/week for 12 weeks. Fitness was measured using the online Senior Fitness Tests and the 4-m Gait Speed Test. Mental health was evaluated through virtual interviews using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Withinsubject
pre vs. post-intervention comparisons tested for significant differences,
between-groups and over time.
Results: Significant interactions were found in the scores of the Geriatric
Depression Scale (p ≤ 0.0001; ηp 2 = 0.35), the Hamilton Depression Scale
(p ≤ 0.0001; ηp 2 = 0.35), resilience scores (p ≤ 0.0001; ηp 2 = 0.46), lower-body strength (p ≤ 0.0001; ηp 2 = 0.32), timed up-and-go test (p = 0.018; ηp
2 = 0.18), the 6MWT distance scores (p ≤ 0.0001; ηp 2 = 0.39), and the 4-m gait speed test scores (p = 0.011; ηp 2 = 0.20).
Conclusion: A long-term virtually-supervised exercise program conducted
during the COVID-19 lockdown period led to marked improvements in both
the fitness and mental health of older Mexican adults. Comorbidities did not diminish these benefits. These findings provide empirical support for online exercise programs in the daily routines of older adults to make clinically meaningful improvements in both physical and mental well-being.
Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 2023
The age difference among individuals of the same group is known as Relative Age. Relative Age Eff... more The age difference among individuals of the same group is known as Relative Age. Relative Age Effect refers to the consequences derived from it, such as delayed physical, cognitive and mental development of children born later in the year. The aim of this study was to observe the Relative Age Effect by analyzing players' dates of birth throughout three seasons in the two professional football competitions in Spain based on the game positions and the teams´ classification at the end of the season. The sample was made up of players (n=4097) from both professional competitions (nLaLiga Santander=1864), and (nLaLiga Smartbank=2233). The data were collected from two public-access football statistics websites. The cutoff date was established on January 1, the year was divided into four quartiles (Q1: January-March, Q2: April-June, Q3: July-September and Q4: October-December). Results confirmed significant differences on dates of births' distribution (p<0.05) for the competitions ─ LaLiga Santander and LaLiga Smartbank ─ during three seasons, as well as for player position, with a larger effect observed for goalkeepers and defenders. Significant difference was also observed depending on classification. Results show a clear decreasing percentage of those born in quartile 4 in relation to those born in quartile 1, it can be concluded that the Relative Age Effect phenomenon is present in the Spanish professional football which may lead to an inappropriate talent selection technique in football, with recruitment oriented to the short term, to immediate results, and possibly caused by the early start of the player selection process.
Sustainability, 2021
Osteoarticular diseases are one of the effects of aging, and they are related to physical, psycho... more Osteoarticular diseases are one of the effects of aging, and they are related to physical, psychological, and social functions. Physical activity seems to slow the start and progression of these kinds of illnesses and presents benefits for psychosocial health. The main aim of the study was to investigate the possible effect of physical activity level (Yale Physical Activity Survey) on quality of life (SF-36 Health Questionnaire), subjective psychological well-being (Psychological Well-being Scale), and depression levels (Geriatric Depression Scale), depending on osteoarticular illness. The sample consisted of 263 Spanish adults aged 65 to 98 years who had high or low physical activity (assessed by YPAS Questionnaire) and osteoarticular disease. Results show that physical activity influences the perceived quality of life, depression levels, and subjective well-being in older adults regardless of osteoarticular disease. The present study suggests the need for promoting physical exerci...
Journal of sports science & medicine, 2018
The aim of the present research was to observe the relative age effect on professional soccer pla... more The aim of the present research was to observe the relative age effect on professional soccer players of the ten best leagues of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA), according to the IFFHS (International Federation of Football History and Statistics). The sample consisted of 5201 professional players who participated in the professional leagues during the 2016-2017 season. The birth date of each player was classified in four quartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4). The frequencies (fr) and percentages (%) of the birth quartiles were analyzed. The chi square test (X) and degrees of freedom (gl) were performed to check the differences in the intergroup distribution. Likewise, were calculated for the different quartiles, where Q4 was the reference group according to the different leagues studied, playing positions (goalkeeper, defender, midfielder and forward) and classification (first four places, half-of the table and four last places). To calculate the size of the effect on the...
Nutricion hospitalaria: organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Nutricion Parenteral y Enteral
The aim of this study was to analyze some characteristics of health-related behaviour in school c... more The aim of this study was to analyze some characteristics of health-related behaviour in school children at the province of Cadiz, centering on engagement in sports and physical activity, and on dietary habits. Participants were 738 students, mean age 12.2 years, from primary school o high school. 50.9% were boys and 49.1% girls, who responded a Spanish adaptation of the Health Behavior in Schoolchildren Inventory. Sex differences were observed in the percentage of subjects not engaged in sports, which was higher in girls. Boys practiced sports and physical activity at a higher intensity and more time than girls. A large number of subjects considered good or normal their physical fitness, with only and small percentage describing it as regular. More than half of participants felt a support by parents, and to a smaller extent by brothers and friends. An important part of the subjects did not have breakfast every day, and some even never. A high percentage of the sample ate candies 1 ...
Nutrición hospitalaria
The aim of this study was to analyze substance abuse and health self-perception in children and a... more The aim of this study was to analyze substance abuse and health self-perception in children and adolescents from the province of Cádiz (Spain). Participants were 738 students, 50.9 boys and 49.1% girls, from elementary school to high school (1st to 12th grade, mean age 12.2. years), who responded a Spanish adaptation of the Health Behavior in School-aged Children Inventory. No difference was observed in percentage of boys and girls reporting to smoke or drink alcohol. Smoking and drinking habits increased with age, being higher in 11th and 12th grade students. Significant differences were observed among the percentage of smokers and non smokers recognizing to have parents, older brothers or friends who smoke. Rates of drug abuse were generally low, being cannabis the most frequently consumed illicit drug. Most respondents had a perception of excellent or good health, with no significant gender differences. About half of subjects considered that health exclusively depends on self beh...
Nutrición hospitalaria
The female athlete triad (FAT) is a serious health-related problem that threatens women who exerc... more The female athlete triad (FAT) is a serious health-related problem that threatens women who exercise. This condition is an interrelated multifactorial syndrome which includes low energy availability, menstrual cycle disturbances and decreased bone mineral density. To review the major components of the FAT and their relationships, as well as strategies for diagnosis and treatment. Articles related to the topic were reviewed through PubMed and SportDiscus databases. Interrelationship between components of the FAT may result in clinical manifestations, including eating disorders, amenorrhea and osteoporosis. Clinical conditions are not always exhibited simultaneously. Prevention is important to minimize complications. Diagnosis and treatment is complicated and often must involve an interdisciplinary therapeutic approach. Understanding of the disease may be facilitated by a unified framework focusing on energy deficiency. Preventive or early interventions require to increase energy avai...
International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2011
This study investigated eff ects of a 9-week intensifi ed aerobic training and 3-weeks of recover... more This study investigated eff ects of a 9-week intensifi ed aerobic training and 3-weeks of recovery on signs of overload in 9 healthy active young males. Blood and saliva samples were collected
Psicothema, 2010
El afrontamiento es el conjunto de respuestas provocadas por una situación estresante, que se eje... more El afrontamiento es el conjunto de respuestas provocadas por una situación estresante, que se ejecutan para manejarla y/o neu-tralizarla. Según Lazarus y Folkman (1984) se puede considerar como «los esfuerzos cognitivos y conductuales constantemente
Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 2014
Resumen: El objeto de este estudio es analizar las diferencias motivacionales que existen entre e... more Resumen: El objeto de este estudio es analizar las diferencias motivacionales que existen entre el fútbol 7 y el fútbol 11. Para ello trabajamos con una muestra de 183 futbolistas masculinos pertenecientes a tres clubes de fútbol base entre 8 y 18 años, a los cuáles se les administraron un Cuestionario Sociodemográfico,
Motricidad, 2006
This study examined the role of ability, effort, luck and difficulty of the task in attributions ... more This study examined the role of ability, effort, luck and difficulty of the task in attributions for successful and unsuccessful performances made by Spanish team sport players, and determined if differences exist between athletes at different competition levels. Participants were 143 ...
Retos
El viraje es uno de los componentes esenciales de las pruebas de natación, siendo el gesto técnic... more El viraje es uno de los componentes esenciales de las pruebas de natación, siendo el gesto técnico que deberá realizar un nadador para llevar a cabo el cambio de sentido de desplazamiento en el momento que llega al final del vaso. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue diseñar y poner en práctica un programa de entrenamiento específico que permitiera el perfeccionamiento de la técnica de los virajes de estilo crol. Participaron 14 nadadores (ocho hombres y seis mujeres), edad media 15.29 ± 2.32 años, que fueron divididos en tres grupos: control, experimental 1 y experimental 2. Se realizó una primera sesión de grabación de virajes (Toma 1), analizando los tiempos y velocidades de aproximación y separación, así como el lugar de contacto con la pared y la posición adoptada por los pies en el momento del impulso. Posteriormente, ambos grupos experimentales, realizaron durante ocho semanas, un Programa de Entrenamiento Intensificado de Virajes de Estilo Crol (PEIVEC). Además, e...
Asociación Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación, 2018
El objetivo del estudio es adaptar el cuestionario "Características Psicológicas relacionadas con... more El objetivo del estudio es adaptar el cuestionario "Características Psicológicas relacionadas con el Rendimiento Deportivo" (CPRD) para deportistas de montaña (CPRD-M), con el fin de disponer de medios específicos para el análisis de factores psicológicos, en este ámbito deportivo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 497 deportistas, de siete modalidades deportivas, y con diferentes niveles de rendimiento deportivo. Se obtuvieron datos óptimos para el Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO=.908) y la significación de Bartlett (p=.000). Los análisis factoriales definieron el reparto de los 45 ítems, en 4 factores que analizan el Control del estrés, la Influencia de factores externos en el rendimiento, la Autoconfianza y la Motivación; y posee una fiabilidad adecuada (α=.904). Se concluye que el CPRD-M es un instrumento concreto y preciso, con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para el análisis de factores psicológicos que afectan a los deportistas de modalidades de montaña, en su rendimiento.
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación, 2021
Resumen. La práctica de ejercicio físico implica la utilización de gran cantidad de recursos ener... more Resumen. La práctica de ejercicio físico implica la utilización de gran cantidad de recursos energéticos. Para poder seguir rindiendo a nivel deportivo como para tener la energía suficiente para poder satisfacer las demandas derivadas de la actividad cotidiana se requiere de una adecuada recuperación, especialmente cuando hablamos de personas que no se dedican de forma profesional al deporte. La fatiga es un estado multifactorial que aparece cuando se produce un desequilibrio entre las demandas del deporte y las capacidades físicas y psicológicas de quienes lo practican. Las carreras de media y larga distancia son unas de las especialidades deportivas de mayor exigencia, de ahí que la aparición de la fatiga muscular aguda profunda sea más notoria, con lo que cobra especial relevancia la necesidad de llevar acabo un entrenamiento invisible planificado, y plantear las estrategias de recuperación adecuadas a las necesidades de cada deportista. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la frecuencia de uso de los diferentes métodos de recuperación (entrenamiento invisible) que utilizan los corredores populares que participan en pruebas de larga distancia (entre 5 km y 42 km). La revisión de la literatura facilitó la elaboración de un cuestionario ad hoc, que fue administrado a una muestra de 495 corredores populares españoles. Según los resultados obtenidos, se pudo apreciar que los recursos más utilizados, fueron los relacionados con la alimentación, suplementación y el control del rendimiento; siendo los corredores implicados en distancias más largas los que en mayor medida afirmaron utilizarlos.
Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte, 2023
Grit is defined as the tendency to pursue long-term goals with perseverance and effort, despite a... more Grit is defined as the tendency to pursue long-term goals with perseverance and effort, despite adversities or failures. In the context of sports, its effect has been studied using the original Short Grit Scale (Grit-S) without any adaptation. The aim of this study was to analyse the psychometric properties of GritS and to
Revista de Psicología del Deporte , 2021
El presente estudio examinó los niveles de resiliencia, el optimismo disposicional y las estrateg... more El presente estudio examinó los niveles de resiliencia, el optimismo disposicional y las estrategias de afrontamiento como predictores de los niveles de estrés-recuperación y aspectos correlaciónales asociados. 91 nadadores, con edades comprendidas entre 13 y 29 años (M = 15.73; DT = 2.62), participaron en el estudio cumplimentando la siguiente batería de cuestionarios: la Escala de Resiliencia (RS), la Escala de Orientación hacia la vida-Revisado (LOT-R), el Cuestionario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento en Competición Deportiva (ISCCS) y el Cuestionario de Estrés-Recuperación para Deportistas (RESTQ-Sport). El objetivo principal del estudio fue realizar un modelo predictivo del estrés y de la recuperación en una muestra de nadadores de competición. El modelo de regresión ajustado reveló asociación positiva entre la resiliencia y el optimismo disposicional con la utilización de estrategias orientadas a la tarea. Elevados niveles de resiliencia y optimismo se relacionaron con menores niveles de estrés y mayores de recuperación, siendo el modelo invariante al sexo. Nuestros hallazgos reflejan que la resiliencia, el optimismo disposicional y las estrategias de afrontamiento son características psicológicas que influyen en el estado de forma del deportista.
Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 2024
Determinar las lesiones más relevantes en cada deporte, frecuencia y gravedad es fundamental, y r... more Determinar las lesiones más relevantes en cada deporte, frecuencia y gravedad es fundamental, y representa el primer paso para la prevención de las mismas. El objetivo principal de la investigación fue realizar un estudio epidemiológico en la modalidad atlética de lanzamientos. Participaron 66 lanzadores de élite españoles. Se analizó el índice de lesión, región corporal más afectada, lesiones más frecuentes y relación existente entre éstas y el sexo, modalidad de lanzamiento, categoría y nivel competitivo. Se administró un cuestionario desarrollado ad hoc a partirde la herramienta Injury Surveillance System de la National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Los resultados mostraron que los deportistas de mayor nivel competitivo, a pesar de tener mayor número de horas de exposición, obtuvieron menor índice de lesión. La extremidad inferior fue la más afectada. El tipo de lesión más común fue el de las sobrecargas, concretamente los problemas musculares.
Frontiers in Public Health, 2024
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affected older adults worldwide. Sedentary older adults experie... more Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affected older adults worldwide.
Sedentary older adults experienced more severe adverse health effects due
to their shelter-in-place. Physical activity was strongly recommended during
periods of social distancing. The present study evaluated the impact of a
virtually supervised exercise program on the physical fitness and mental health of Mexican older adults during the pandemic’s lockdown.
Methods: Participants were 44 older adults who were assigned to one of four
physical fitness groups: a healthy control group (Ctrl-H, n = 15), a comorbidity
control group (Ctrl-COM, n = 9), an exercise group without comorbidities
(Exe-H, n = 11), and an exercise group with comorbidities (Exe-COM, n = 9).
The participants engaged in a 60-min, virtually-supervised concurrent exercise session three times/week for 12 weeks. Fitness was measured using the online Senior Fitness Tests and the 4-m Gait Speed Test. Mental health was evaluated through virtual interviews using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Withinsubject
pre vs. post-intervention comparisons tested for significant differences,
between-groups and over time.
Results: Significant interactions were found in the scores of the Geriatric
Depression Scale (p ≤ 0.0001; ηp 2 = 0.35), the Hamilton Depression Scale
(p ≤ 0.0001; ηp 2 = 0.35), resilience scores (p ≤ 0.0001; ηp 2 = 0.46), lower-body strength (p ≤ 0.0001; ηp 2 = 0.32), timed up-and-go test (p = 0.018; ηp
2 = 0.18), the 6MWT distance scores (p ≤ 0.0001; ηp 2 = 0.39), and the 4-m gait speed test scores (p = 0.011; ηp 2 = 0.20).
Conclusion: A long-term virtually-supervised exercise program conducted
during the COVID-19 lockdown period led to marked improvements in both
the fitness and mental health of older Mexican adults. Comorbidities did not diminish these benefits. These findings provide empirical support for online exercise programs in the daily routines of older adults to make clinically meaningful improvements in both physical and mental well-being.
Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 2023
The age difference among individuals of the same group is known as Relative Age. Relative Age Eff... more The age difference among individuals of the same group is known as Relative Age. Relative Age Effect refers to the consequences derived from it, such as delayed physical, cognitive and mental development of children born later in the year. The aim of this study was to observe the Relative Age Effect by analyzing players' dates of birth throughout three seasons in the two professional football competitions in Spain based on the game positions and the teams´ classification at the end of the season. The sample was made up of players (n=4097) from both professional competitions (nLaLiga Santander=1864), and (nLaLiga Smartbank=2233). The data were collected from two public-access football statistics websites. The cutoff date was established on January 1, the year was divided into four quartiles (Q1: January-March, Q2: April-June, Q3: July-September and Q4: October-December). Results confirmed significant differences on dates of births' distribution (p<0.05) for the competitions ─ LaLiga Santander and LaLiga Smartbank ─ during three seasons, as well as for player position, with a larger effect observed for goalkeepers and defenders. Significant difference was also observed depending on classification. Results show a clear decreasing percentage of those born in quartile 4 in relation to those born in quartile 1, it can be concluded that the Relative Age Effect phenomenon is present in the Spanish professional football which may lead to an inappropriate talent selection technique in football, with recruitment oriented to the short term, to immediate results, and possibly caused by the early start of the player selection process.
Sustainability, 2021
Osteoarticular diseases are one of the effects of aging, and they are related to physical, psycho... more Osteoarticular diseases are one of the effects of aging, and they are related to physical, psychological, and social functions. Physical activity seems to slow the start and progression of these kinds of illnesses and presents benefits for psychosocial health. The main aim of the study was to investigate the possible effect of physical activity level (Yale Physical Activity Survey) on quality of life (SF-36 Health Questionnaire), subjective psychological well-being (Psychological Well-being Scale), and depression levels (Geriatric Depression Scale), depending on osteoarticular illness. The sample consisted of 263 Spanish adults aged 65 to 98 years who had high or low physical activity (assessed by YPAS Questionnaire) and osteoarticular disease. Results show that physical activity influences the perceived quality of life, depression levels, and subjective well-being in older adults regardless of osteoarticular disease. The present study suggests the need for promoting physical exerci...
Journal of sports science & medicine, 2018
The aim of the present research was to observe the relative age effect on professional soccer pla... more The aim of the present research was to observe the relative age effect on professional soccer players of the ten best leagues of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA), according to the IFFHS (International Federation of Football History and Statistics). The sample consisted of 5201 professional players who participated in the professional leagues during the 2016-2017 season. The birth date of each player was classified in four quartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4). The frequencies (fr) and percentages (%) of the birth quartiles were analyzed. The chi square test (X) and degrees of freedom (gl) were performed to check the differences in the intergroup distribution. Likewise, were calculated for the different quartiles, where Q4 was the reference group according to the different leagues studied, playing positions (goalkeeper, defender, midfielder and forward) and classification (first four places, half-of the table and four last places). To calculate the size of the effect on the...
Nutricion hospitalaria: organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Nutricion Parenteral y Enteral
The aim of this study was to analyze some characteristics of health-related behaviour in school c... more The aim of this study was to analyze some characteristics of health-related behaviour in school children at the province of Cadiz, centering on engagement in sports and physical activity, and on dietary habits. Participants were 738 students, mean age 12.2 years, from primary school o high school. 50.9% were boys and 49.1% girls, who responded a Spanish adaptation of the Health Behavior in Schoolchildren Inventory. Sex differences were observed in the percentage of subjects not engaged in sports, which was higher in girls. Boys practiced sports and physical activity at a higher intensity and more time than girls. A large number of subjects considered good or normal their physical fitness, with only and small percentage describing it as regular. More than half of participants felt a support by parents, and to a smaller extent by brothers and friends. An important part of the subjects did not have breakfast every day, and some even never. A high percentage of the sample ate candies 1 ...
Nutrición hospitalaria
The aim of this study was to analyze substance abuse and health self-perception in children and a... more The aim of this study was to analyze substance abuse and health self-perception in children and adolescents from the province of Cádiz (Spain). Participants were 738 students, 50.9 boys and 49.1% girls, from elementary school to high school (1st to 12th grade, mean age 12.2. years), who responded a Spanish adaptation of the Health Behavior in School-aged Children Inventory. No difference was observed in percentage of boys and girls reporting to smoke or drink alcohol. Smoking and drinking habits increased with age, being higher in 11th and 12th grade students. Significant differences were observed among the percentage of smokers and non smokers recognizing to have parents, older brothers or friends who smoke. Rates of drug abuse were generally low, being cannabis the most frequently consumed illicit drug. Most respondents had a perception of excellent or good health, with no significant gender differences. About half of subjects considered that health exclusively depends on self beh...
Nutrición hospitalaria
The female athlete triad (FAT) is a serious health-related problem that threatens women who exerc... more The female athlete triad (FAT) is a serious health-related problem that threatens women who exercise. This condition is an interrelated multifactorial syndrome which includes low energy availability, menstrual cycle disturbances and decreased bone mineral density. To review the major components of the FAT and their relationships, as well as strategies for diagnosis and treatment. Articles related to the topic were reviewed through PubMed and SportDiscus databases. Interrelationship between components of the FAT may result in clinical manifestations, including eating disorders, amenorrhea and osteoporosis. Clinical conditions are not always exhibited simultaneously. Prevention is important to minimize complications. Diagnosis and treatment is complicated and often must involve an interdisciplinary therapeutic approach. Understanding of the disease may be facilitated by a unified framework focusing on energy deficiency. Preventive or early interventions require to increase energy avai...
International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2011
This study investigated eff ects of a 9-week intensifi ed aerobic training and 3-weeks of recover... more This study investigated eff ects of a 9-week intensifi ed aerobic training and 3-weeks of recovery on signs of overload in 9 healthy active young males. Blood and saliva samples were collected
Psicothema, 2010
El afrontamiento es el conjunto de respuestas provocadas por una situación estresante, que se eje... more El afrontamiento es el conjunto de respuestas provocadas por una situación estresante, que se ejecutan para manejarla y/o neu-tralizarla. Según Lazarus y Folkman (1984) se puede considerar como «los esfuerzos cognitivos y conductuales constantemente
Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 2014
Resumen: El objeto de este estudio es analizar las diferencias motivacionales que existen entre e... more Resumen: El objeto de este estudio es analizar las diferencias motivacionales que existen entre el fútbol 7 y el fútbol 11. Para ello trabajamos con una muestra de 183 futbolistas masculinos pertenecientes a tres clubes de fútbol base entre 8 y 18 años, a los cuáles se les administraron un Cuestionario Sociodemográfico,
Motricidad, 2006
This study examined the role of ability, effort, luck and difficulty of the task in attributions ... more This study examined the role of ability, effort, luck and difficulty of the task in attributions for successful and unsuccessful performances made by Spanish team sport players, and determined if differences exist between athletes at different competition levels. Participants were 143 ...
Retos
El viraje es uno de los componentes esenciales de las pruebas de natación, siendo el gesto técnic... more El viraje es uno de los componentes esenciales de las pruebas de natación, siendo el gesto técnico que deberá realizar un nadador para llevar a cabo el cambio de sentido de desplazamiento en el momento que llega al final del vaso. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue diseñar y poner en práctica un programa de entrenamiento específico que permitiera el perfeccionamiento de la técnica de los virajes de estilo crol. Participaron 14 nadadores (ocho hombres y seis mujeres), edad media 15.29 ± 2.32 años, que fueron divididos en tres grupos: control, experimental 1 y experimental 2. Se realizó una primera sesión de grabación de virajes (Toma 1), analizando los tiempos y velocidades de aproximación y separación, así como el lugar de contacto con la pared y la posición adoptada por los pies en el momento del impulso. Posteriormente, ambos grupos experimentales, realizaron durante ocho semanas, un Programa de Entrenamiento Intensificado de Virajes de Estilo Crol (PEIVEC). Además, e...
Asociación Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación, 2018
El objetivo del estudio es adaptar el cuestionario "Características Psicológicas relacionadas con... more El objetivo del estudio es adaptar el cuestionario "Características Psicológicas relacionadas con el Rendimiento Deportivo" (CPRD) para deportistas de montaña (CPRD-M), con el fin de disponer de medios específicos para el análisis de factores psicológicos, en este ámbito deportivo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 497 deportistas, de siete modalidades deportivas, y con diferentes niveles de rendimiento deportivo. Se obtuvieron datos óptimos para el Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO=.908) y la significación de Bartlett (p=.000). Los análisis factoriales definieron el reparto de los 45 ítems, en 4 factores que analizan el Control del estrés, la Influencia de factores externos en el rendimiento, la Autoconfianza y la Motivación; y posee una fiabilidad adecuada (α=.904). Se concluye que el CPRD-M es un instrumento concreto y preciso, con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para el análisis de factores psicológicos que afectan a los deportistas de modalidades de montaña, en su rendimiento.
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación, 2021
Resumen. La práctica de ejercicio físico implica la utilización de gran cantidad de recursos ener... more Resumen. La práctica de ejercicio físico implica la utilización de gran cantidad de recursos energéticos. Para poder seguir rindiendo a nivel deportivo como para tener la energía suficiente para poder satisfacer las demandas derivadas de la actividad cotidiana se requiere de una adecuada recuperación, especialmente cuando hablamos de personas que no se dedican de forma profesional al deporte. La fatiga es un estado multifactorial que aparece cuando se produce un desequilibrio entre las demandas del deporte y las capacidades físicas y psicológicas de quienes lo practican. Las carreras de media y larga distancia son unas de las especialidades deportivas de mayor exigencia, de ahí que la aparición de la fatiga muscular aguda profunda sea más notoria, con lo que cobra especial relevancia la necesidad de llevar acabo un entrenamiento invisible planificado, y plantear las estrategias de recuperación adecuadas a las necesidades de cada deportista. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la frecuencia de uso de los diferentes métodos de recuperación (entrenamiento invisible) que utilizan los corredores populares que participan en pruebas de larga distancia (entre 5 km y 42 km). La revisión de la literatura facilitó la elaboración de un cuestionario ad hoc, que fue administrado a una muestra de 495 corredores populares españoles. Según los resultados obtenidos, se pudo apreciar que los recursos más utilizados, fueron los relacionados con la alimentación, suplementación y el control del rendimiento; siendo los corredores implicados en distancias más largas los que en mayor medida afirmaron utilizarlos.