IJEPH IJEPH | Universidad Libre de Colombia (original) (raw)

Papers by IJEPH IJEPH

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Introducción: La salud mental se constituye un grave problema de salud pública, se reporta una al... more Introducción: La salud mental se constituye un grave problema de salud pública, se reporta una alta prevalencia de síntomas depresivos, ansiedad y estrés en estudiantes de medicina.Objetivo: Identificar la frecuencia y determinantes de problemas de salud mental de estudiantes de medicina en una universidad en 2018. Métodos: Estudio corte transversal con 813 estudiantes de medicina en una universidad de Cali-ColombiaResultados: La prevalencia de depresión fue 31.7%, ansiedad (59.9%), y estrés (37.3%). El 64.4% fueron mujeres, la edad promedio fue 21.9 ±3.6 años. Las variables que explican de manera independiente de presentar enfermedad mental fueron: sexo masculino OR: 0.48 (IC 95%: 0.36-0.65), número de horas de clase semanal OR: de 1.01 (IC 95%: 1.0-1.02), para ansiedad, la satisfacción con la carrera OR: 0.61 (IC 95%: 0.39-0.97). Como factor protector de depresión, las horas deportivas en la semana se consideran un factor protector para las variables depresión OR 0.95 (IC 95%:0.91...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Introducción: Los estudiantes universitarios presentan mayor prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión ... more Introducción: Los estudiantes universitarios presentan mayor prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión que la población general. Puede cursar con el abuso de sustancias psicoactivas y conducir a mal rendimiento académico, deserción y conductas suicidas. Objetivos: Identificar la prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes universitarios, los factores asociados y su relación con el rendimiento académico reportados entre 2000 y 2017Métodos: Revisión narrativa de la literatura publicada en PubMed y otras bases de datos. Resultados: Se encontraron 14 estudios en 11 países (2000-2017). Las prevalencias oscilaron entre 16.0-76.0% (ansiedad) y 9.6-74.4% (depresión). Dos estudios con diagnóstico confirmatorio reportaron prevalencias entre 37-57% (ansiedad) y 38.0-50.6% (depresión). En Colombia la prevalencia de ansiedad en estudiantes universitarios osciló entre 34.0-76.2% y depresión 9.6-74.4%, 38.0% para diagnóstico confirmatorio especializados. Los factores asociados establecidos fueron...

Urban malaria is established as a result of an unplanned urbanization. This occurs mainly in the ... more Urban malaria is established as a result of an unplanned urbanization. This occurs mainly in the peripheral areas of human settlements. Rural populations are pressured by political, economic and social factors that force them to migrate to the cities. This migration reaches the poorest areas, with lack of services and sanitation. All this results in a negative pressure on the environment, where vegetation is modified and are created conditions for the establishment of malaria.The understanding of malaria is complex because of the multiple variables involved. It has been proposed the inclusion of social determinants of health, permit to see how they influence transmission and then design methods to minimize transmission. Under this premise, the Colombian Ministry of Health designed the Ten-Year Public Health Plan 2012-2021 and also proposed the Driving Forces Model within the framework of the Environmental Health Dimension to address the health problems of the populations.Taking thes...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2019

Introducción: La tuberculosis latente en instituciones penitenciarias es más frecuente. Factores ... more Introducción: La tuberculosis latente en instituciones penitenciarias es más frecuente. Factores como hacinamiento, desnutrición y acceso limitado servicios de salud elevan el riesgo de reactivación, transmisión y mal pronóstico.Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y los determinantes de infección latente y desarrollo de tuberculosis pulmonar en un centro carcelario de Palmira, Colombia.Métodos: Investigación Operativa multimétodo. Estudio de corte transversal. Se realizó un seguimiento prospectivo a través de los registros de vigilancia epidemiológica del programa de control de tuberculosis para determinar la prevalencia de tuberculosis Pulmonar en los siguientes dos años, y factores de riesgo de desarrollar tuberculosis pulmonar en población privada de la libertad.Resultados: De 2,837 internos recluidos (2015-2016), 10.0% fueron contacto estrecho de pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar, la prevalencia de positividad general de PPD 90.7% y en población con cicatriz de BCG fue 92.5 %....

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Introduction: Pulmonary disease produced by nontuberculous mycobacteria and pulmonary tuberculosi... more Introduction: Pulmonary disease produced by nontuberculous mycobacteria and pulmonary tuberculosis can share clinical signs and symptoms. It is important to discern one from the other in order to provide the proper treatment and programmatic management. Objective: To describe the frequency of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from patients registered in the tuberculosis control program in Cali. Methods: We conducted a descriptive study to know what extent of the pulmonary tuberculosis load in Cali-Colombia corresponds to nontuberculous mycobacteria, in a four-year period, 2014-2017. Demographic (sex, age, health insurance), clinical (diagnosis dates, laboratory data, comorbidities) and programmatic data (tuberculosis treatment initiation and duration) was collected for statistical analysis. Results: Of 3,651 patients registered in the local tuberculosis program with an initial diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, 2,904 had sputum culture and among them 1.5% (43/2904) had nontuber...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2019

Introducción: La alteración del lenguaje puede ocasionar bajo rendimiento académico y posible des... more Introducción: La alteración del lenguaje puede ocasionar bajo rendimiento académico y posible deserción escolar, especialmente en niños de familias desfavorecidas social y educativamente.Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y describir los determinantes asociados a las alteraciones del lenguaje oral en niños de hogares comunitarios (HC) atendidos por el Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (ICBF) de la ciudad de Popayán.Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. Incluyó 261 niños de 3-5 años de los HC. Se utilizó el test TECAL y TEPROSIF-R para evaluar el lenguaje de los menores y una encuesta sociodemográfica. Para cuantificar el grado de asociación se calculó el OR, y un análisis multivariado y el método stepwise hacia atrás para la selección de variables.Resultados: El 54.7% de los niños fueron de sexo masculino, el 55.2% entraron al jardín en el rango de 24-35 meses y el 20.3% hacían parte de una familia víctima del conflicto armado. La frecuencia de a...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Objective: evaluate the cleaning and disinfection procedures (CDP) in six ambulances from three d... more Objective: evaluate the cleaning and disinfection procedures (CDP) in six ambulances from three different entities in Pereira (Risaralda-Colombia). Methods: cross-sectional descriptive study frequencies of presence/absence were calculated from data obtained in the bacterial growth results before and after CDP, taking samples in three different places on the ambulances, being: back door, stretcher and wall next to the patient, before and after said processes. Additionally, surveys were carried out at the domicile of companies providing pre-hospital transport service. Results: 77.8% of the samples were positive. The most frequent morphology in the study was gram-positive cocci, which remained in a greater proportion after disinfection. At the microbiologic level, most of these suggested being Staphylococcus aureus-type. By implementing CDP, microbiological isolates were eliminated in 33.3%, being the door the ambulance area, which showed the greatest decrease (50.0%). Conclusions: A h...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Introducción: Los estudiantes universitarios presentan mayor prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión ... more Introducción: Los estudiantes universitarios presentan mayor prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión que la población general. Puede cursar con el abuso de sustancias psicoactivas y conducir a mal rendimiento académico, deserción y conductas suicidas. Objetivos: Identificar la prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes universitarios, los factores asociados y su relación con el rendimiento académico reportados entre 2000 y 2017Métodos: Revisión narrativa de la literatura publicada en PubMed y otras bases de datos. Resultados: Se encontraron 14 estudios en 11 países (2000-2017). Las prevalencias oscilaron entre 16.0-76.0% (ansiedad) y 9.6-74.4% (depresión). Dos estudios con diagnóstico confirmatorio reportaron prevalencias entre 37-57% (ansiedad) y 38.0-50.6% (depresión). En Colombia la prevalencia de ansiedad en estudiantes universitarios osciló entre 34.0-76.2% y depresión 9.6-74.4%, 38.0% para diagnóstico confirmatorio especializados. Los factores asociados establecidos fueron...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Introduction: Pulmonary disease produced by nontuberculous mycobacteria and pulmonary tuberculosi... more Introduction: Pulmonary disease produced by nontuberculous mycobacteria and pulmonary tuberculosis can share clinical signs and symptoms. It is important to discern one from the other in order to provide the proper treatment and programmatic management. Objective: To describe the frequency of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from patients registered in the tuberculosis control program in Cali. Methods: We conducted a descriptive study to know what extent of the pulmonary tuberculosis load in Cali-Colombia corresponds to nontuberculous mycobacteria, in a four-year period, 2014-2017. Demographic (sex, age, health insurance), clinical (diagnosis dates, laboratory data, comorbidities) and programmatic data (tuberculosis treatment initiation and duration) was collected for statistical analysis. Results: Of 3,651 patients registered in the local tuberculosis program with an initial diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, 2,904 had sputum culture and among them 1.5% (43/2904) had nontuber...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Background: Obesity rates in Canada have tripled in the last three decades. Up to 32% of 5-17-yea... more Background: Obesity rates in Canada have tripled in the last three decades. Up to 32% of 5-17-year-olds in Canada are overweight (20%) or obese (12%). Excess weight in childhood has been linked to health issues that are major public health concern. For children, fruit juice is an important proportion of their daily fruit and vegetable servings. However, little is known about the association of fruit juice consumption and obesity. Objective: To investigate the association of consumption of fruit juice and the risk of overweight or obesity in 12 to 17 year-olds in Canada.Methods: Using the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 2011-1012) we examined the association of fruit juice consumption and the risk of overweight or obesity in Canadian youth, while controlling sex, household income, healthy diet, and physical activity.Results: After adjusting for relevant confounders, consumption of more than one fruit juice a day remained associated with a lower odds of overweight or obesity. E...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Background: Obesity rates in Canada have tripled in the last three decades. Up to 32% of 5-17-yea... more Background: Obesity rates in Canada have tripled in the last three decades. Up to 32% of 5-17-year-olds in Canada are overweight (20%) or obese (12%). Excess weight in childhood has been linked to health issues that are major public health concern. For children, fruit juice is an important proportion of their daily fruit and vegetable servings. However, little is known about the association of fruit juice consumption and obesity. Objective: To investigate the association of consumption of fruit juice and the risk of overweight or obesity in 12 to 17 year-olds in Canada.Methods: Using the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 2011-1012) we examined the association of fruit juice consumption and the risk of overweight or obesity in Canadian youth, while controlling sex, household income, healthy diet, and physical activity.Results: After adjusting for relevant confounders, consumption of more than one fruit juice a day remained associated with a lower odds of overweight or obesity. E...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Background: This study was conducted to assess the accuracy when calculating the nutritional stat... more Background: This study was conducted to assess the accuracy when calculating the nutritional status usingthe new Body Mass Index formula (BMI), taking as Gold Standard the traditional BMI.Methods: The diagnostic accuracy compared the new BMI formula to the traditional BMI. Accuracy analysis included sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values (positive and negative), Youden index, Kappa index, ROC, and maximum likelihood ratio.Results: The new BMI formula yielded good results for all indicators used for measuring the accuracy, in all groups. These results are a good evidence that the new BMI formula could replace the traditional BMI for screening population based nutritional status. However, the new BMI formula detected less subjects in subnormal, normal, and overweight groups; and, more in the obese group. The distribution isbiased to the right in both formulas. In overweight and obese groups, the skewness is bigger in the new formula than the original formula; being the skewne...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Introduction: The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children is a challenge in all tuberculo... more Introduction: The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children is a challenge in all tuberculosis programs. The adverse social and economic conditions of the Colombian Pacific Coast make it a complex area for the management of the disease, especially in children. Objective: To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics, and the outcomes in the pediatric population with pulmonary tuberculosis in Buenaventura, Colombia. Methods: We conducted a descriptive observational study of a historical cohort (2009-2013) of children enrolled in the tuberculosis control program of Buenaventura. Results: A total of 163 cases were found and analyzed. There was no significant difference in sex distribution. The most frequent age group was 1-5 years (51%) and 55% belonged to the subsidized health system. The clinical TB diagnosis prevailed (55%), while the laboratory diagnosis was significant in patients older than 7 years. 92% entered the program as new cases, and 40% had their treatmen...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Objective: To find a model of prediction of the medical cost of a Health Benefits Management Comp... more Objective: To find a model of prediction of the medical cost of a Health Benefits Management Company (EAPB) with adequate statistical criteria. Methods: A Cross-sectional study with retrospective follow-up of the use of health services in an EAPB during a one-year period. The sampling frame consisted of a population of 1,529,188 affiliates who were assigned to a primary care IPS group. By simple random sampling size was estimated at 190,917 users. The dependent variable was the cost of the services used deflated to the year 2013. As independent variables besides the traditional sociodemographic variables chosen in this type of prediction models, variables of the insurance were added; Variables of risk management (inclusion or not in promotion and prevention program) and of comorbidities. Results: Simple Linear Regression modeling showed errors of inappropriate statistical criteria such as violating the principle of normality in cost errors. The Generalized Linear Models, proposed to...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Objetivo: Determinar la capacidad instalada de servicios necesaria para atender la pandemia del C... more Objetivo: Determinar la capacidad instalada de servicios necesaria para atender la pandemia del COVID-19 considerando como principal predictor los modelos estadísticos y matemáticos. Métodos: Se describen cuatro fases: 1. modelación de número de casos COVID-19, 2. uso de información histórica del fenómeno, 3. modelamiento estadístico no lineal, 4. modelamiento matemático. Para este último se usó la función Gompertz con el cual se realizaron las proyecciones de casos confirmados. La fuente de datos principal fue la suministrada por el Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia. Los parámetros para estimar la oferta de servicios se basaron en la proyección de casos y los parámetros establecidos según los lineamientos del INS. Resultados: Los modelos de mayor ajuste para las diferentes etapas de la pandemia fueron: la exponencial, el modelo de regresión no lineal cúbico con un coeficiente de determinación del 99.7%; para las etapas de crecimiento exponencial y de estabilización de la pan...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health

La malaria urbana se establece como consecuencia de una urbanización no planificada. Esto ocurre p... more La malaria urbana se establece como consecuencia de una urbanización no planificada. Esto ocurre principalmente en las zonas periféricas de los asentamientos humanos. Las poblaciones rurales se ven presionadas por factores políticos, económicos y sociales que las obligan a migrar hacia las ciudades. Esta migración llega a las zonas mas pobres, con carencia de servicios y saneamiento. odo esto trae como consecuencia una presión negativa sobre el ambiente, donde se modifica la vegetación y se crean las condiciones para el establecimiento de la malaria.El entendimiento de la malaria es complejo por las múltiples variables que intervienen. Se ha propuesto la inclusión de los determinantes sociales de la salud, ver como estos influyen en la transmisión y luego diseñar métodos para minimizar la transmisión. Bajo esta premisa el Ministerio de Salud Colombiano diseño el Plan Decenal de Salud Pública 2012 -2021 y propuso ademas el Modelo de Fuerzas Motrices en el marco de la Dimensión de Salud Ambiental para atender los problemas de salud de las poblaciones.eniendo en cuenta estos dos documentos que sirven de marco para este articulo de opinión se discute como este modelo puede ser abordado para el control de la malaria. Además se sustenta en una revisión de literatura para abordar cada categoría del modelo

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Empecemos con la frase: "La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha traído consigo episodios de violencia y se... more Empecemos con la frase: "La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha traído consigo episodios de violencia y señalamiento social hacia un sector de la población: las y los trabajadores del sistema de salud" (1).

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

The Year 2020 made its debut with tension and uncertainty. For years, nations have invested in de... more The Year 2020 made its debut with tension and uncertainty. For years, nations have invested in defense, politics, space, and technology careers. Gadgets for making a bridge between humanity and the artificial have eclipsed, in their attractive catwalk, the gravity of consumerism and selfishness, to the detriment of the natural world that withers in a race against time. COVID-19 put a real stop to humanity, in the case of the respiratory infection caused by SARS-Cov-2 (1). It is a disease that slowly began to spread around the world, emerging only four months ago in China. China warned about the seriousness of the infection and its potential for expansion, generously deploying severe sanitary measures such as the construction of buildings dedicated to the exclusive health care of those who suffered it and militarily demanding the isolation of its people (2). The world remained expectant, innocent, and indifferent. The fallacy of the hypothesis that what does not touch us will nor hurt us. Commercial flights, land, and sea terminals remained open. The calls of compatriots were answered to return them home, in a so-called “humanitarian rescue.” Others candidly returned to their respective countries and regions to become index patient candidates

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Introducción: La salud mental se constituye un grave problema de salud pública, se reporta una al... more Introducción: La salud mental se constituye un grave problema de salud pública, se reporta una alta prevalencia de síntomas depresivos, ansiedad y estrés en estudiantes de medicina.Objetivo: Identificar la frecuencia y determinantes de problemas de salud mental de estudiantes de medicina en una universidad en 2018. Métodos: Estudio corte transversal con 813 estudiantes de medicina en una universidad de Cali-ColombiaResultados: La prevalencia de depresión fue 31.7%, ansiedad (59.9%), y estrés (37.3%). El 64.4% fueron mujeres, la edad promedio fue 21.9 ±3.6 años. Las variables que explican de manera independiente de presentar enfermedad mental fueron: sexo masculino OR: 0.48 (IC 95%: 0.36-0.65), número de horas de clase semanal OR: de 1.01 (IC 95%: 1.0-1.02), para ansiedad, la satisfacción con la carrera OR: 0.61 (IC 95%: 0.39-0.97). Como factor protector de depresión, las horas deportivas en la semana se consideran un factor protector para las variables depresión OR 0.95 (IC 95%:0.91...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Introducción: Los estudiantes universitarios presentan mayor prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión ... more Introducción: Los estudiantes universitarios presentan mayor prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión que la población general. Puede cursar con el abuso de sustancias psicoactivas y conducir a mal rendimiento académico, deserción y conductas suicidas. Objetivos: Identificar la prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes universitarios, los factores asociados y su relación con el rendimiento académico reportados entre 2000 y 2017Métodos: Revisión narrativa de la literatura publicada en PubMed y otras bases de datos. Resultados: Se encontraron 14 estudios en 11 países (2000-2017). Las prevalencias oscilaron entre 16.0-76.0% (ansiedad) y 9.6-74.4% (depresión). Dos estudios con diagnóstico confirmatorio reportaron prevalencias entre 37-57% (ansiedad) y 38.0-50.6% (depresión). En Colombia la prevalencia de ansiedad en estudiantes universitarios osciló entre 34.0-76.2% y depresión 9.6-74.4%, 38.0% para diagnóstico confirmatorio especializados. Los factores asociados establecidos fueron...

Urban malaria is established as a result of an unplanned urbanization. This occurs mainly in the ... more Urban malaria is established as a result of an unplanned urbanization. This occurs mainly in the peripheral areas of human settlements. Rural populations are pressured by political, economic and social factors that force them to migrate to the cities. This migration reaches the poorest areas, with lack of services and sanitation. All this results in a negative pressure on the environment, where vegetation is modified and are created conditions for the establishment of malaria.The understanding of malaria is complex because of the multiple variables involved. It has been proposed the inclusion of social determinants of health, permit to see how they influence transmission and then design methods to minimize transmission. Under this premise, the Colombian Ministry of Health designed the Ten-Year Public Health Plan 2012-2021 and also proposed the Driving Forces Model within the framework of the Environmental Health Dimension to address the health problems of the populations.Taking thes...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2019

Introducción: La tuberculosis latente en instituciones penitenciarias es más frecuente. Factores ... more Introducción: La tuberculosis latente en instituciones penitenciarias es más frecuente. Factores como hacinamiento, desnutrición y acceso limitado servicios de salud elevan el riesgo de reactivación, transmisión y mal pronóstico.Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y los determinantes de infección latente y desarrollo de tuberculosis pulmonar en un centro carcelario de Palmira, Colombia.Métodos: Investigación Operativa multimétodo. Estudio de corte transversal. Se realizó un seguimiento prospectivo a través de los registros de vigilancia epidemiológica del programa de control de tuberculosis para determinar la prevalencia de tuberculosis Pulmonar en los siguientes dos años, y factores de riesgo de desarrollar tuberculosis pulmonar en población privada de la libertad.Resultados: De 2,837 internos recluidos (2015-2016), 10.0% fueron contacto estrecho de pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar, la prevalencia de positividad general de PPD 90.7% y en población con cicatriz de BCG fue 92.5 %....

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Introduction: Pulmonary disease produced by nontuberculous mycobacteria and pulmonary tuberculosi... more Introduction: Pulmonary disease produced by nontuberculous mycobacteria and pulmonary tuberculosis can share clinical signs and symptoms. It is important to discern one from the other in order to provide the proper treatment and programmatic management. Objective: To describe the frequency of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from patients registered in the tuberculosis control program in Cali. Methods: We conducted a descriptive study to know what extent of the pulmonary tuberculosis load in Cali-Colombia corresponds to nontuberculous mycobacteria, in a four-year period, 2014-2017. Demographic (sex, age, health insurance), clinical (diagnosis dates, laboratory data, comorbidities) and programmatic data (tuberculosis treatment initiation and duration) was collected for statistical analysis. Results: Of 3,651 patients registered in the local tuberculosis program with an initial diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, 2,904 had sputum culture and among them 1.5% (43/2904) had nontuber...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2019

Introducción: La alteración del lenguaje puede ocasionar bajo rendimiento académico y posible des... more Introducción: La alteración del lenguaje puede ocasionar bajo rendimiento académico y posible deserción escolar, especialmente en niños de familias desfavorecidas social y educativamente.Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y describir los determinantes asociados a las alteraciones del lenguaje oral en niños de hogares comunitarios (HC) atendidos por el Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (ICBF) de la ciudad de Popayán.Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. Incluyó 261 niños de 3-5 años de los HC. Se utilizó el test TECAL y TEPROSIF-R para evaluar el lenguaje de los menores y una encuesta sociodemográfica. Para cuantificar el grado de asociación se calculó el OR, y un análisis multivariado y el método stepwise hacia atrás para la selección de variables.Resultados: El 54.7% de los niños fueron de sexo masculino, el 55.2% entraron al jardín en el rango de 24-35 meses y el 20.3% hacían parte de una familia víctima del conflicto armado. La frecuencia de a...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Objective: evaluate the cleaning and disinfection procedures (CDP) in six ambulances from three d... more Objective: evaluate the cleaning and disinfection procedures (CDP) in six ambulances from three different entities in Pereira (Risaralda-Colombia). Methods: cross-sectional descriptive study frequencies of presence/absence were calculated from data obtained in the bacterial growth results before and after CDP, taking samples in three different places on the ambulances, being: back door, stretcher and wall next to the patient, before and after said processes. Additionally, surveys were carried out at the domicile of companies providing pre-hospital transport service. Results: 77.8% of the samples were positive. The most frequent morphology in the study was gram-positive cocci, which remained in a greater proportion after disinfection. At the microbiologic level, most of these suggested being Staphylococcus aureus-type. By implementing CDP, microbiological isolates were eliminated in 33.3%, being the door the ambulance area, which showed the greatest decrease (50.0%). Conclusions: A h...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Introducción: Los estudiantes universitarios presentan mayor prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión ... more Introducción: Los estudiantes universitarios presentan mayor prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión que la población general. Puede cursar con el abuso de sustancias psicoactivas y conducir a mal rendimiento académico, deserción y conductas suicidas. Objetivos: Identificar la prevalencia de ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes universitarios, los factores asociados y su relación con el rendimiento académico reportados entre 2000 y 2017Métodos: Revisión narrativa de la literatura publicada en PubMed y otras bases de datos. Resultados: Se encontraron 14 estudios en 11 países (2000-2017). Las prevalencias oscilaron entre 16.0-76.0% (ansiedad) y 9.6-74.4% (depresión). Dos estudios con diagnóstico confirmatorio reportaron prevalencias entre 37-57% (ansiedad) y 38.0-50.6% (depresión). En Colombia la prevalencia de ansiedad en estudiantes universitarios osciló entre 34.0-76.2% y depresión 9.6-74.4%, 38.0% para diagnóstico confirmatorio especializados. Los factores asociados establecidos fueron...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Introduction: Pulmonary disease produced by nontuberculous mycobacteria and pulmonary tuberculosi... more Introduction: Pulmonary disease produced by nontuberculous mycobacteria and pulmonary tuberculosis can share clinical signs and symptoms. It is important to discern one from the other in order to provide the proper treatment and programmatic management. Objective: To describe the frequency of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from patients registered in the tuberculosis control program in Cali. Methods: We conducted a descriptive study to know what extent of the pulmonary tuberculosis load in Cali-Colombia corresponds to nontuberculous mycobacteria, in a four-year period, 2014-2017. Demographic (sex, age, health insurance), clinical (diagnosis dates, laboratory data, comorbidities) and programmatic data (tuberculosis treatment initiation and duration) was collected for statistical analysis. Results: Of 3,651 patients registered in the local tuberculosis program with an initial diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, 2,904 had sputum culture and among them 1.5% (43/2904) had nontuber...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Background: Obesity rates in Canada have tripled in the last three decades. Up to 32% of 5-17-yea... more Background: Obesity rates in Canada have tripled in the last three decades. Up to 32% of 5-17-year-olds in Canada are overweight (20%) or obese (12%). Excess weight in childhood has been linked to health issues that are major public health concern. For children, fruit juice is an important proportion of their daily fruit and vegetable servings. However, little is known about the association of fruit juice consumption and obesity. Objective: To investigate the association of consumption of fruit juice and the risk of overweight or obesity in 12 to 17 year-olds in Canada.Methods: Using the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 2011-1012) we examined the association of fruit juice consumption and the risk of overweight or obesity in Canadian youth, while controlling sex, household income, healthy diet, and physical activity.Results: After adjusting for relevant confounders, consumption of more than one fruit juice a day remained associated with a lower odds of overweight or obesity. E...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Background: Obesity rates in Canada have tripled in the last three decades. Up to 32% of 5-17-yea... more Background: Obesity rates in Canada have tripled in the last three decades. Up to 32% of 5-17-year-olds in Canada are overweight (20%) or obese (12%). Excess weight in childhood has been linked to health issues that are major public health concern. For children, fruit juice is an important proportion of their daily fruit and vegetable servings. However, little is known about the association of fruit juice consumption and obesity. Objective: To investigate the association of consumption of fruit juice and the risk of overweight or obesity in 12 to 17 year-olds in Canada.Methods: Using the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 2011-1012) we examined the association of fruit juice consumption and the risk of overweight or obesity in Canadian youth, while controlling sex, household income, healthy diet, and physical activity.Results: After adjusting for relevant confounders, consumption of more than one fruit juice a day remained associated with a lower odds of overweight or obesity. E...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Background: This study was conducted to assess the accuracy when calculating the nutritional stat... more Background: This study was conducted to assess the accuracy when calculating the nutritional status usingthe new Body Mass Index formula (BMI), taking as Gold Standard the traditional BMI.Methods: The diagnostic accuracy compared the new BMI formula to the traditional BMI. Accuracy analysis included sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values (positive and negative), Youden index, Kappa index, ROC, and maximum likelihood ratio.Results: The new BMI formula yielded good results for all indicators used for measuring the accuracy, in all groups. These results are a good evidence that the new BMI formula could replace the traditional BMI for screening population based nutritional status. However, the new BMI formula detected less subjects in subnormal, normal, and overweight groups; and, more in the obese group. The distribution isbiased to the right in both formulas. In overweight and obese groups, the skewness is bigger in the new formula than the original formula; being the skewne...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Introduction: The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children is a challenge in all tuberculo... more Introduction: The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children is a challenge in all tuberculosis programs. The adverse social and economic conditions of the Colombian Pacific Coast make it a complex area for the management of the disease, especially in children. Objective: To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics, and the outcomes in the pediatric population with pulmonary tuberculosis in Buenaventura, Colombia. Methods: We conducted a descriptive observational study of a historical cohort (2009-2013) of children enrolled in the tuberculosis control program of Buenaventura. Results: A total of 163 cases were found and analyzed. There was no significant difference in sex distribution. The most frequent age group was 1-5 years (51%) and 55% belonged to the subsidized health system. The clinical TB diagnosis prevailed (55%), while the laboratory diagnosis was significant in patients older than 7 years. 92% entered the program as new cases, and 40% had their treatmen...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2018

Objective: To find a model of prediction of the medical cost of a Health Benefits Management Comp... more Objective: To find a model of prediction of the medical cost of a Health Benefits Management Company (EAPB) with adequate statistical criteria. Methods: A Cross-sectional study with retrospective follow-up of the use of health services in an EAPB during a one-year period. The sampling frame consisted of a population of 1,529,188 affiliates who were assigned to a primary care IPS group. By simple random sampling size was estimated at 190,917 users. The dependent variable was the cost of the services used deflated to the year 2013. As independent variables besides the traditional sociodemographic variables chosen in this type of prediction models, variables of the insurance were added; Variables of risk management (inclusion or not in promotion and prevention program) and of comorbidities. Results: Simple Linear Regression modeling showed errors of inappropriate statistical criteria such as violating the principle of normality in cost errors. The Generalized Linear Models, proposed to...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Objetivo: Determinar la capacidad instalada de servicios necesaria para atender la pandemia del C... more Objetivo: Determinar la capacidad instalada de servicios necesaria para atender la pandemia del COVID-19 considerando como principal predictor los modelos estadísticos y matemáticos. Métodos: Se describen cuatro fases: 1. modelación de número de casos COVID-19, 2. uso de información histórica del fenómeno, 3. modelamiento estadístico no lineal, 4. modelamiento matemático. Para este último se usó la función Gompertz con el cual se realizaron las proyecciones de casos confirmados. La fuente de datos principal fue la suministrada por el Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia. Los parámetros para estimar la oferta de servicios se basaron en la proyección de casos y los parámetros establecidos según los lineamientos del INS. Resultados: Los modelos de mayor ajuste para las diferentes etapas de la pandemia fueron: la exponencial, el modelo de regresión no lineal cúbico con un coeficiente de determinación del 99.7%; para las etapas de crecimiento exponencial y de estabilización de la pan...

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health

La malaria urbana se establece como consecuencia de una urbanización no planificada. Esto ocurre p... more La malaria urbana se establece como consecuencia de una urbanización no planificada. Esto ocurre principalmente en las zonas periféricas de los asentamientos humanos. Las poblaciones rurales se ven presionadas por factores políticos, económicos y sociales que las obligan a migrar hacia las ciudades. Esta migración llega a las zonas mas pobres, con carencia de servicios y saneamiento. odo esto trae como consecuencia una presión negativa sobre el ambiente, donde se modifica la vegetación y se crean las condiciones para el establecimiento de la malaria.El entendimiento de la malaria es complejo por las múltiples variables que intervienen. Se ha propuesto la inclusión de los determinantes sociales de la salud, ver como estos influyen en la transmisión y luego diseñar métodos para minimizar la transmisión. Bajo esta premisa el Ministerio de Salud Colombiano diseño el Plan Decenal de Salud Pública 2012 -2021 y propuso ademas el Modelo de Fuerzas Motrices en el marco de la Dimensión de Salud Ambiental para atender los problemas de salud de las poblaciones.eniendo en cuenta estos dos documentos que sirven de marco para este articulo de opinión se discute como este modelo puede ser abordado para el control de la malaria. Además se sustenta en una revisión de literatura para abordar cada categoría del modelo

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

Empecemos con la frase: "La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha traído consigo episodios de violencia y se... more Empecemos con la frase: "La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha traído consigo episodios de violencia y señalamiento social hacia un sector de la población: las y los trabajadores del sistema de salud" (1).

Interdisciplinary Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health, 2020

The Year 2020 made its debut with tension and uncertainty. For years, nations have invested in de... more The Year 2020 made its debut with tension and uncertainty. For years, nations have invested in defense, politics, space, and technology careers. Gadgets for making a bridge between humanity and the artificial have eclipsed, in their attractive catwalk, the gravity of consumerism and selfishness, to the detriment of the natural world that withers in a race against time. COVID-19 put a real stop to humanity, in the case of the respiratory infection caused by SARS-Cov-2 (1). It is a disease that slowly began to spread around the world, emerging only four months ago in China. China warned about the seriousness of the infection and its potential for expansion, generously deploying severe sanitary measures such as the construction of buildings dedicated to the exclusive health care of those who suffered it and militarily demanding the isolation of its people (2). The world remained expectant, innocent, and indifferent. The fallacy of the hypothesis that what does not touch us will nor hurt us. Commercial flights, land, and sea terminals remained open. The calls of compatriots were answered to return them home, in a so-called “humanitarian rescue.” Others candidly returned to their respective countries and regions to become index patient candidates