Dr. Godfrey I Ojerheghan | University of Ilorin (original) (raw)
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Papers by Dr. Godfrey I Ojerheghan
World Journal of Innovative Research (WJIR) ISSN: 2454-8236, Volume-8, Issue-1, January 2020 Pages 08-16, 2020
This paper reviews the socio-economic characteristics of taxpayers in the Informal Sector of Kwa... more This paper reviews the socio-economic
characteristics of taxpayers in the Informal Sector of Kwara
Central Senatorial District. In this study, we considered the
ages, educational qualifications, taxes paid, daily sales,
ownership of bank accounts, tribes and genders of taxpayers
whose trades are artisans or markets or micro businesses living
in Kwara Central Senatorial District. A descriptive research
design was used to collect data from 2,276 Informal Sector
traders in 2019; the data were analyzed using the statistical
tools such as frequencies, tables and bar charts; which revealed
that the sector is dominated by young, well educated, Yoruba
females whose trades are microbusinesses. Obtaining a clear
understanding of these characteristics, taxation of the informal
economy will be seamless for the government and convenient for
the taxpayers. Government policies which may include skill
acquisitions with starter packs; creating enablers such as
constant electricity, social security; tax credits, statutory
discussion forum, among others; will encourage
quasi-voluntary tax compliance that will transform the sector to
a formal type in the District.
World Journal of Innovative Research (WJIR), 2020
This paper reviews the socio-economic characteristics of taxpayers in the Informal Sector of Kwa... more This paper reviews the socio-economic
characteristics of taxpayers in the Informal Sector of Kwara
Central Senatorial District. In this study, we considered the
ages, educational qualifications, taxes paid, daily sales,
ownership of bank accounts, tribes and genders of taxpayers
whose trades are artisans or markets or micro businesses living
in Kwara Central Senatorial District. A descriptive research
design was used to collect data from 2,276 Informal Sector
traders in 2019; the data were analyzed using the statistical
tools such as frequencies, tables and bar charts; which revealed
that the sector is dominated by young, well educated, Yoruba
females whose trades are microbusinesses. Obtaining a clear
understanding of these characteristics, taxation of the informal economy will be seamless for the government and convenient for
the taxpayers. Government policies which may include skill
acquisitions with starter packs; creating enablers such as
constant electricity, social security; tax credits, statutory
discussion forum, among others; will encourage
quasi-voluntary tax compliance that will transform the sector to
a formal type in the District.
Mobile networks have advanced from providing simple voice communications to supporting an array o... more Mobile networks have advanced from providing simple voice communications to supporting an array of data services ranging from email and simple SMS (short message services) to a plethora of different mobile apps. These apps and services range from games, maps and social media tools to mobile commerce, mobile banking, smart cars and wearable devices. The major difference to mobile services is the staggering growth in connected machines, which would outnumber human mobile subscribers by 2025. This is creating a more connected life where almost anything can be remotely monitored, controlled, upgraded and fixed. The historical evolution of the different generations of a network describes how human activities are interconnected with Internet-of-Things (IoT). Africa has a 5G network index of 4% as at the year 2020 even though there are radio frequencies for the 5G network, which denotes how the continent can fit in the dynamic cyberspace. The cost of infrastructure, lack of political will, low power supply and the likes may hinder the growth rate of this index.
When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or ... more When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or solar storm) has occurred. It is caused by a solar wind shock wave and/or cloud of a magnetic field that interacts with the Earth's magnetic fields. The interaction of Interplanetary Magnetic Fields (IMF) of the sun [1] with the earth's magnetic fields in opposite directions is known as magnetic reconnection. Magnetic reconnection (often referred as "reconnection") is the breaking and reconnecting of oppositely directed magnetic field lines in plasma at a neutral point which leads to converting the magnetic field energy into plasma kinetic and thermal energy. It occurs either in the daytime (day reconnection) where the sunward convection near the polar cusps allows energised particles to be transmitted earthward or night-time (tail reconnection) where particles are injected into the magnetosphere, thus releasing stored energy in the form of auroral substorms. A geostorm...
European Journal of Physical Sciences, 2020
The telecommunication technologies deployed in the last decades have shown that there are better ... more The telecommunication technologies deployed in the last decades have shown that there are better days ahead. From electric telegraphs systems in the 19th century to today’s wireless communication using satellites and land links (Lanzerotti, 2001). The horizontal component (H-field) of the geomagnetic field has great impacts in the present-day communication technologies. The aim of this paper was to analyse the daily hourly departures of geomagnetic H-field along the low-latitude stations on the equatorial chain in relation to their correlation coefficients with their longitudes. The magnitude of H-component is a very significant factor in the determination of the total magnetic field of any location on the earth. The baseline values (H0) which is the average of H components at 23LT, 24LT, 1LT and 2LT were subtracted from the hourly values of H (Ht) to obtain the hourly departures of H (dH). The hourly departures of H (dH) from the baseline is non-cyclic since H1 ≠ H24 as observed ov...
When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or ... more When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or solar storm) has occurred. It is caused by a solar wind shock wave and/or cloud of a magnetic field that interacts with the Earth's magnetic fields. The interaction of Interplanetary Magnetic Fields (IMF) of the sun [1] with the earth's magnetic fields in opposite directions is known as magnetic reconnection. Magnetic reconnection (often referred as "reconnection") is the breaking and reconnecting of oppositely directed magnetic field lines in plasma at a neutral point which leads to converting the magnetic field energy into plasma kinetic and thermal energy. It occurs either in the daytime (day reconnection) where the sunward convection near the polar cusps allows energised particles to be transmitted earthward or night-time (tail reconnection) where particles are injected into the magnetosphere, thus releasing stored energy in the form of auroral substorms. A geostorm...
International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, 2020
Mobile networks have advanced from providing simple voice communications to supporting an array o... more Mobile networks have advanced from providing simple voice communications to supporting an array of data services ranging from email and simple SMS (short message services) to a plethora of different mobile apps. These apps and services range from games, maps and social media tools to mobile commerce, mobile banking, smart cars and wearable devices. The major difference to mobile services is the staggering growth in connected machines, which would outnumber human mobile subscribers by 2025. This is creating a more connected life where almost anything can be remotely monitored, controlled, upgraded and fixed. The historical evolution of the different generations of a network describes how human activities are interconnected with Internet-of-Things (IoT). Africa has a 5G network index of 4% as at the year 2020 even though there are radio frequencies for the 5G network, which denotes how the continent can fit in the dynamic cyberspace. The cost of infrastructure, lack of political will, low power supply and the likes may hinder the growth rate of this index.
The telecommunication technologies deployed in the last decades have shown that there are better ... more The telecommunication technologies deployed in the last decades have shown that there are better days ahead. From electric telegraphs systems in the 19 th century to today's wireless communication using satellites and land links . The horizontal component (Hfield) of the geomagnetic field has great impacts in the present-day communication technologies. The aim of this paper was to analyse the daily hourly departures of geomagnetic H-field along the low-latitude stations on the equatorial chain in relation to their correlation coefficients with their longitudes. The magnitude of H-component is a very significant factor in the determination of the total magnetic field of any location on the earth. The baseline values (H0) which is the average of H components at 23LT, 24LT, 1LT and 2LT were subtracted from the hourly values of H (Ht) to obtain the hourly departures of H (dH). The hourly departures of H (dH) from the baseline is non-cyclic since H1 ≠ H24 as observed over the three MAGDAS stations in Nigeria. The correlation coefficients between dHs of Lagos/Ilorin, Ilorin/Abuja and Abuja/Ilorin are 0.97, 0.75 and 0.66 respectively. This suggests that substorms are deflected eastwards along different longitudes due to the rotation of the earth such that locations in the same longitudes have the same hourly departures. There is no solar radiation during the nighttime, thus dH should be zero but for the energy stored in the magnetotail, the reduction of hourly departures towards nighttime in Nigeria is evident. This is further revealed as the midnight dH amplitudes decrease regularly. The eastward motion of the electrons during substorms was suggested to be responsible for the reduction of the H-field at the nightside magnetotail region for all the stations. These findings will assist the telecommunication companies to know which location is best for their transmitters to be sited in order to reduce loss of signals along the optical cables to the receivers. Furthermore, global telecomms companies should have business continuity plan which should include risk assessment and prompt response to geomagnetic disturbances being one of the causes for telecommunication outages.
International Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Journal
When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or sola... more When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or solar storm) has occurred. It is caused by a solar wind shock wave and/or cloud of a magnetic field that interacts with the Earth's magnetic fields. The interaction of Interplanetary Magnetic Fields (IMF) of the sun [1] with the earth's magnetic fields in opposite directions is known as magnetic reconnection. Magnetic reconnection (often referred as "reconnection") is the breaking and reconnecting of oppositely directed magnetic field lines in plasma at a neutral point which leads to converting the magnetic field energy into plasma kinetic and thermal energy. It occurs either in the daytime (day reconnection) where the sunward convection near the polar cusps allows energised particles to be transmitted earthward or night-time (tail reconnection) where particles are injected into the magnetosphere, thus releasing stored energy in the form of auroral substorms. A geostorm can be determined by changes in the Disturbance-storm time (Dst) Sokolov [2]. However not all geomagnetic storms have an initial phase and not all sudden increases in Dst Original Research Article Ojerheghan and Adimula; IAARJ, 2(4): 30-47, 2020; Article no.IAARJ.62999 31 or SYM-H are followed by a geomagnetic storm. This paper attempts to determine when the magnetic reconnection occurs in the solar cycle 24 considering a low activity year 2009 and a high activity year 2012. We analysed 39 and 202 geomagnetic storms in 2009 and 2012 respectively considering the Dst indices and IMF Bz values of each month obtained from the OMNIWeb database. Our results showed that storms were frequent and intense at high levels of solar activity due to the frequent occurrence of CMEs and ICMEs in the year 2012 than in the year 2009 which occurred in 10% and 45% of days in the year 2009 and 2012 respectively. This study also revealed that negative Bz occurrences were 47.54% and 52.18% of Bz occurrences in 2009 and 2012 respectively. Thus, the more intense the geostorms, the more Bz would go south and the more magnetic reconnection and subsequently auroral substorms which can increase radiation doses for occupants of transpolar flights, disruption of shortwave radio communications, distortion of compass readings in polar regions, failure of electrical transmission lines, increased corrosion in long pipelines, anomalies in the operations of communications satellites, and potentially lethal doses of radiation for astronauts in interplanetary spacecraft.
World Journal of Innovative Research (WJIR) ISSN: 2454-8236, Volume-8, Issue-1, January 2020 Pages 08-16, 2020
This paper reviews the socio-economic characteristics of taxpayers in the Informal Sector of Kwa... more This paper reviews the socio-economic
characteristics of taxpayers in the Informal Sector of Kwara
Central Senatorial District. In this study, we considered the
ages, educational qualifications, taxes paid, daily sales,
ownership of bank accounts, tribes and genders of taxpayers
whose trades are artisans or markets or micro businesses living
in Kwara Central Senatorial District. A descriptive research
design was used to collect data from 2,276 Informal Sector
traders in 2019; the data were analyzed using the statistical
tools such as frequencies, tables and bar charts; which revealed
that the sector is dominated by young, well educated, Yoruba
females whose trades are microbusinesses. Obtaining a clear
understanding of these characteristics, taxation of the informal
economy will be seamless for the government and convenient for
the taxpayers. Government policies which may include skill
acquisitions with starter packs; creating enablers such as
constant electricity, social security; tax credits, statutory
discussion forum, among others; will encourage
quasi-voluntary tax compliance that will transform the sector to
a formal type in the District.
World Journal of Innovative Research (WJIR), 2020
This paper reviews the socio-economic characteristics of taxpayers in the Informal Sector of Kwa... more This paper reviews the socio-economic
characteristics of taxpayers in the Informal Sector of Kwara
Central Senatorial District. In this study, we considered the
ages, educational qualifications, taxes paid, daily sales,
ownership of bank accounts, tribes and genders of taxpayers
whose trades are artisans or markets or micro businesses living
in Kwara Central Senatorial District. A descriptive research
design was used to collect data from 2,276 Informal Sector
traders in 2019; the data were analyzed using the statistical
tools such as frequencies, tables and bar charts; which revealed
that the sector is dominated by young, well educated, Yoruba
females whose trades are microbusinesses. Obtaining a clear
understanding of these characteristics, taxation of the informal economy will be seamless for the government and convenient for
the taxpayers. Government policies which may include skill
acquisitions with starter packs; creating enablers such as
constant electricity, social security; tax credits, statutory
discussion forum, among others; will encourage
quasi-voluntary tax compliance that will transform the sector to
a formal type in the District.
Mobile networks have advanced from providing simple voice communications to supporting an array o... more Mobile networks have advanced from providing simple voice communications to supporting an array of data services ranging from email and simple SMS (short message services) to a plethora of different mobile apps. These apps and services range from games, maps and social media tools to mobile commerce, mobile banking, smart cars and wearable devices. The major difference to mobile services is the staggering growth in connected machines, which would outnumber human mobile subscribers by 2025. This is creating a more connected life where almost anything can be remotely monitored, controlled, upgraded and fixed. The historical evolution of the different generations of a network describes how human activities are interconnected with Internet-of-Things (IoT). Africa has a 5G network index of 4% as at the year 2020 even though there are radio frequencies for the 5G network, which denotes how the continent can fit in the dynamic cyberspace. The cost of infrastructure, lack of political will, low power supply and the likes may hinder the growth rate of this index.
When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or ... more When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or solar storm) has occurred. It is caused by a solar wind shock wave and/or cloud of a magnetic field that interacts with the Earth's magnetic fields. The interaction of Interplanetary Magnetic Fields (IMF) of the sun [1] with the earth's magnetic fields in opposite directions is known as magnetic reconnection. Magnetic reconnection (often referred as "reconnection") is the breaking and reconnecting of oppositely directed magnetic field lines in plasma at a neutral point which leads to converting the magnetic field energy into plasma kinetic and thermal energy. It occurs either in the daytime (day reconnection) where the sunward convection near the polar cusps allows energised particles to be transmitted earthward or night-time (tail reconnection) where particles are injected into the magnetosphere, thus releasing stored energy in the form of auroral substorms. A geostorm...
European Journal of Physical Sciences, 2020
The telecommunication technologies deployed in the last decades have shown that there are better ... more The telecommunication technologies deployed in the last decades have shown that there are better days ahead. From electric telegraphs systems in the 19th century to today’s wireless communication using satellites and land links (Lanzerotti, 2001). The horizontal component (H-field) of the geomagnetic field has great impacts in the present-day communication technologies. The aim of this paper was to analyse the daily hourly departures of geomagnetic H-field along the low-latitude stations on the equatorial chain in relation to their correlation coefficients with their longitudes. The magnitude of H-component is a very significant factor in the determination of the total magnetic field of any location on the earth. The baseline values (H0) which is the average of H components at 23LT, 24LT, 1LT and 2LT were subtracted from the hourly values of H (Ht) to obtain the hourly departures of H (dH). The hourly departures of H (dH) from the baseline is non-cyclic since H1 ≠ H24 as observed ov...
When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or ... more When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or solar storm) has occurred. It is caused by a solar wind shock wave and/or cloud of a magnetic field that interacts with the Earth's magnetic fields. The interaction of Interplanetary Magnetic Fields (IMF) of the sun [1] with the earth's magnetic fields in opposite directions is known as magnetic reconnection. Magnetic reconnection (often referred as "reconnection") is the breaking and reconnecting of oppositely directed magnetic field lines in plasma at a neutral point which leads to converting the magnetic field energy into plasma kinetic and thermal energy. It occurs either in the daytime (day reconnection) where the sunward convection near the polar cusps allows energised particles to be transmitted earthward or night-time (tail reconnection) where particles are injected into the magnetosphere, thus releasing stored energy in the form of auroral substorms. A geostorm...
International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, 2020
Mobile networks have advanced from providing simple voice communications to supporting an array o... more Mobile networks have advanced from providing simple voice communications to supporting an array of data services ranging from email and simple SMS (short message services) to a plethora of different mobile apps. These apps and services range from games, maps and social media tools to mobile commerce, mobile banking, smart cars and wearable devices. The major difference to mobile services is the staggering growth in connected machines, which would outnumber human mobile subscribers by 2025. This is creating a more connected life where almost anything can be remotely monitored, controlled, upgraded and fixed. The historical evolution of the different generations of a network describes how human activities are interconnected with Internet-of-Things (IoT). Africa has a 5G network index of 4% as at the year 2020 even though there are radio frequencies for the 5G network, which denotes how the continent can fit in the dynamic cyberspace. The cost of infrastructure, lack of political will, low power supply and the likes may hinder the growth rate of this index.
The telecommunication technologies deployed in the last decades have shown that there are better ... more The telecommunication technologies deployed in the last decades have shown that there are better days ahead. From electric telegraphs systems in the 19 th century to today's wireless communication using satellites and land links . The horizontal component (Hfield) of the geomagnetic field has great impacts in the present-day communication technologies. The aim of this paper was to analyse the daily hourly departures of geomagnetic H-field along the low-latitude stations on the equatorial chain in relation to their correlation coefficients with their longitudes. The magnitude of H-component is a very significant factor in the determination of the total magnetic field of any location on the earth. The baseline values (H0) which is the average of H components at 23LT, 24LT, 1LT and 2LT were subtracted from the hourly values of H (Ht) to obtain the hourly departures of H (dH). The hourly departures of H (dH) from the baseline is non-cyclic since H1 ≠ H24 as observed over the three MAGDAS stations in Nigeria. The correlation coefficients between dHs of Lagos/Ilorin, Ilorin/Abuja and Abuja/Ilorin are 0.97, 0.75 and 0.66 respectively. This suggests that substorms are deflected eastwards along different longitudes due to the rotation of the earth such that locations in the same longitudes have the same hourly departures. There is no solar radiation during the nighttime, thus dH should be zero but for the energy stored in the magnetotail, the reduction of hourly departures towards nighttime in Nigeria is evident. This is further revealed as the midnight dH amplitudes decrease regularly. The eastward motion of the electrons during substorms was suggested to be responsible for the reduction of the H-field at the nightside magnetotail region for all the stations. These findings will assist the telecommunication companies to know which location is best for their transmitters to be sited in order to reduce loss of signals along the optical cables to the receivers. Furthermore, global telecomms companies should have business continuity plan which should include risk assessment and prompt response to geomagnetic disturbances being one of the causes for telecommunication outages.
International Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Journal
When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or sola... more When there is a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetosphere, then a geomagnetic storm (or solar storm) has occurred. It is caused by a solar wind shock wave and/or cloud of a magnetic field that interacts with the Earth's magnetic fields. The interaction of Interplanetary Magnetic Fields (IMF) of the sun [1] with the earth's magnetic fields in opposite directions is known as magnetic reconnection. Magnetic reconnection (often referred as "reconnection") is the breaking and reconnecting of oppositely directed magnetic field lines in plasma at a neutral point which leads to converting the magnetic field energy into plasma kinetic and thermal energy. It occurs either in the daytime (day reconnection) where the sunward convection near the polar cusps allows energised particles to be transmitted earthward or night-time (tail reconnection) where particles are injected into the magnetosphere, thus releasing stored energy in the form of auroral substorms. A geostorm can be determined by changes in the Disturbance-storm time (Dst) Sokolov [2]. However not all geomagnetic storms have an initial phase and not all sudden increases in Dst Original Research Article Ojerheghan and Adimula; IAARJ, 2(4): 30-47, 2020; Article no.IAARJ.62999 31 or SYM-H are followed by a geomagnetic storm. This paper attempts to determine when the magnetic reconnection occurs in the solar cycle 24 considering a low activity year 2009 and a high activity year 2012. We analysed 39 and 202 geomagnetic storms in 2009 and 2012 respectively considering the Dst indices and IMF Bz values of each month obtained from the OMNIWeb database. Our results showed that storms were frequent and intense at high levels of solar activity due to the frequent occurrence of CMEs and ICMEs in the year 2012 than in the year 2009 which occurred in 10% and 45% of days in the year 2009 and 2012 respectively. This study also revealed that negative Bz occurrences were 47.54% and 52.18% of Bz occurrences in 2009 and 2012 respectively. Thus, the more intense the geostorms, the more Bz would go south and the more magnetic reconnection and subsequently auroral substorms which can increase radiation doses for occupants of transpolar flights, disruption of shortwave radio communications, distortion of compass readings in polar regions, failure of electrical transmission lines, increased corrosion in long pipelines, anomalies in the operations of communications satellites, and potentially lethal doses of radiation for astronauts in interplanetary spacecraft.