Gianluca Borghini | Università degli Studi "La Sapienza" di Roma (original) (raw)

Papers by Gianluca Borghini

Research paper thumbnail of Air Force Pilot Expertise Assessment during Unusual Attitude Recovery Flight

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), May 13, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Editorial: Use of neuroimaging techniques for the prevention, assessment, and treatment of mood disorders

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Jan 4, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Psychophysiological Contributions to Traffic Safety

Frontiers Research Topics, 2020

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics... more This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contac

Research paper thumbnail of Cochlear implant features and listening effort induction: measurement of the mental workload experienced during a word in noise recognition task

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of The added value of the electrical neuroimaging for the evaluation of marketing stimuli

Bulletin of The Polish Academy of Sciences-technical Sciences, Dec 1, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Simulation Set-Up for Validating Out-Of-The-Loop Mitigation when Monitoring High Levels of Automation in Air Traffic Control

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 4, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Multimodal characterization of mental fatigue on professional drivers

Neuroergonomics and Cognitive Engineering

A non-adequate psychophysical condition represents a major factor in causing car accidents. In pa... more A non-adequate psychophysical condition represents a major factor in causing car accidents. In particular, 20% of car crashes are caused by mental fatigue and drowsiness, with dramatic consequences and fatalities. Nowadays strategies to reduce the risks while driving. The on-board systems equipping current vehicles are not able to intervene before the sudden onset of drowsy episodes and are affected by a poor accuracy resulting in several events’ misclassifications (i.e., false positive) causing drivers’ mistrust of technology.Being able to recognise in advance the occurrences of fatigue and drowsiness episodes would dramatically increase road safety and reduce car crashes. This is extremely relevant especially for professional drivers who drive for prolonged periods leading to an increase of risks due to not-proper psychophysical conditions. Even if professional drivers are trained to prevent, recognise, and minimize the effect of fatiguing, it must be considered that often the dri...

Research paper thumbnail of Wearable Technologies for Electrodermal and Cardiac Activity measurements: a Comparison between Fitbit Sense, Empatica E4 and Shimmer GSR3+

The capability of measuring specific neurophysiological and autonomic parameters plays a crucial ... more The capability of measuring specific neurophysiological and autonomic parameters plays a crucial role in the objective evaluation of the human’s mental and emotional states. These human aspects are commonly known in scientific literature to be involved in a wide range of processes, such as the stress and arousal. These aspects represent a relevant factor especially in real and operational environment. Neurophysiological autonomic parameters, such as the Electrodermal Activity (EDA) and Photoplethysmographic data (PPG), have been usually investigated through research-graded devices, therefore resulting in a high degree of invasiveness, which could negatively interfere with the monitored user’s activity. For such a reason, in the last decade the recent consumer-grade wearable devices, usually designed for fitness tracking purposes, are receiving an increasing attention from the scientific community, being characterized by higher comfort, easiness of use and, therefore, by higher compa...

Research paper thumbnail of Usage of more transparent and explainable conflict resolution algorithm: air traffic controller feedback

Transportation Research Procedia

Research paper thumbnail of Toward a more transparent and explainable conflict resolution algorithm for air traffic controllers

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 31, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Real-time Pilot Crew's Mental Workload and Arousal Assessment During Simulated Flights for Training Evaluation: a Case Study

2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)

Research paper thumbnail of Validation of an EEG-based Neurometric for online monitoring and detection of mental drowsiness while driving

2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)

Research paper thumbnail of Working Age: Providing Occupational Safety through Pervasive Sensing and Data Driven Behavior Modeling

Proceedings of the 30th European Safety and Reliability Conference and 15th Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management Conference

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of a New Lightweight EEG Technology for Translational Applications of Passive Brain-Computer Interfaces

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Technologies like passive brain-computer interfaces (BCI) can enhance human-machine interaction. ... more Technologies like passive brain-computer interfaces (BCI) can enhance human-machine interaction. Anyhow, there are still shortcomings in terms of easiness of use, reliability, and generalizability that prevent passive-BCI from entering real-life situations. The current work aimed to technologically and methodologically design a new gel-free passive-BCI system for out-of-the-lab employment. The choice of the water-based electrodes and the design of a new lightweight headset met the need for easy-to-wear, comfortable, and highly acceptable technology. The proposed system showed high reliability in both laboratory and realistic settings, performing not significantly different from the gold standard based on gel electrodes. In both cases, the proposed system allowed effective discrimination (AUC > 0.9) between low and high levels of workload, vigilance, and stress even for high temporal resolution (<10 s). Finally, the generalizability of the proposed system has been tested throug...

Research paper thumbnail of Narrowband analysis for the mental workload assessment

Research paper thumbnail of Neuroscientific Methods for Exploring User Perceptions While Dealing With Mobile Advertising: A Novel and Integrated Approach

Frontiers in Neuroergonomics

Display and native ads represent two of the most widely used digital advertising formats employed... more Display and native ads represent two of the most widely used digital advertising formats employed by advertisers that aim to grab the attention of online users. In recent years, the native format has become very popular because it relies on deceptive features that make harder the recognition of its advertising nature, reducing avoiding behaviors such as the banner blindness phenomena, traditionally associated to display advertising, and so increasing its advertising effectiveness. The present study, based on a forefront research protocol specifically designed for the advertising research on smartphone devices, aims to investigate through neurophysiological and self-reported measures, the perception of display and native ads placed within article webpages, and to assess the efficacy of an integrated approach. Eye-tracking results showed higher visual attention and longer viewing time associated with native advertisements in comparison to traditional display advertisements, confirming...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Athletes’ Attitude: Physiological Evaluation via Wearable Sensors during Grappling Competitions

2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), 2020

Sports activity is characterised by the influence of different factors, which relate to both psyc... more Sports activity is characterised by the influence of different factors, which relate to both psychological and emotional stress of athletes. As a consequence, mental and physical preparations are fundamental in pre-competition and competition activities. In fact, being able to manage the reactions to stressful events and high demanding conditions, and adapt the strategy depending on the ongoing situation and opponent’s reactions allow the athletes to properly process the surrounding information, evaluate all the possible solutions, and finally take the right decision. In this regard, the Skin Conductance (SC), Heart Rate (HR), and Skin Temperature (ST) signals were recorded during a grappling tournament from ten athletes with the aim to investigate if physiological assessments could provide an objective measure of athletes’ attitude. The results proved that individual training programs can be tailored accordingly to the neurophysiological state of the athletes, but also that their awareness about both mental and physical preparations and attitudes could be improved.

Research paper thumbnail of Stress Assessment by Combining Neurophysiological Signals and Radio Communications of Air Traffic Controllers

2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), 2020

Air Traffic Control (ATC) has been classified as the fourth most stressful job. In this regard, s... more Air Traffic Control (ATC) has been classified as the fourth most stressful job. In this regard, sixteen controllers were asked to perform ecological ATC simulation during which behavioral (Radio Communications with pilots - RCs), subjective (stress perception) and neurophysiological signals (brain activity and skin conductance - SC) were collected. All the considered parameters reported significant changes under high stress conditions. In particular, the theta, alpha, and beta brain rhythms increased significantly (all p<0.05) all over the brain areas, and both the SC components exhibited higher values (p<0.01). Additionally, the number of speech under high stress decreased significantly (p<10-4) while both the mean and median value of the F0 component of the RC increased (p<0.01). The results can be employed to objectively measure and track the controller’s stress level while dealing with ATC activities to better tailoring the workshift and maintaining high safety levels.

Research paper thumbnail of Monitoring performance of professional and occupational operators

Brain-Computer Interfaces, 2020

The human capacity to simultaneously perform several tasks depends on the quantity and the mode o... more The human capacity to simultaneously perform several tasks depends on the quantity and the mode of mentally processing the information imposed by the tasks. Since operational environments are highly dynamic, priorities across tasks will be expected to change as the mission evolves, thus the capability to reallocate the mental resources dynamically depending on such changes is very important. The resources required in very complex situations, such as air traffic management (ATM), can exceed the user's available resources leading to increased workload and performance impairments. In this regard, the availability of information concerning the workload experienced by the operators while dealing with tasks will be fundamental for both warning them when overload conditions are approaching and improving interactions with the system. The idea of our work was to use neurophysiologic data collected from professional air traffic controllers (ATCOs) to provide additional information to standard measures with which to assess the ATCOs' expertise and a machine learning electroencephalography-based index to evaluate their mental workload during the execution of ATC tasks. The results showed that the proposed method was able to track the workload alongside the execution of the realistic ATM scenario, and provide added values to objectively assess the expertise of the ATCOs.

Research paper thumbnail of Contactless Physiological Assessment of Mental Workload During Teleworking-like Task

Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Air Force Pilot Expertise Assessment during Unusual Attitude Recovery Flight

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), May 13, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Editorial: Use of neuroimaging techniques for the prevention, assessment, and treatment of mood disorders

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Jan 4, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Psychophysiological Contributions to Traffic Safety

Frontiers Research Topics, 2020

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics... more This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contac

Research paper thumbnail of Cochlear implant features and listening effort induction: measurement of the mental workload experienced during a word in noise recognition task

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of The added value of the electrical neuroimaging for the evaluation of marketing stimuli

Bulletin of The Polish Academy of Sciences-technical Sciences, Dec 1, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Experimental Simulation Set-Up for Validating Out-Of-The-Loop Mitigation when Monitoring High Levels of Automation in Air Traffic Control

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 4, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Multimodal characterization of mental fatigue on professional drivers

Neuroergonomics and Cognitive Engineering

A non-adequate psychophysical condition represents a major factor in causing car accidents. In pa... more A non-adequate psychophysical condition represents a major factor in causing car accidents. In particular, 20% of car crashes are caused by mental fatigue and drowsiness, with dramatic consequences and fatalities. Nowadays strategies to reduce the risks while driving. The on-board systems equipping current vehicles are not able to intervene before the sudden onset of drowsy episodes and are affected by a poor accuracy resulting in several events’ misclassifications (i.e., false positive) causing drivers’ mistrust of technology.Being able to recognise in advance the occurrences of fatigue and drowsiness episodes would dramatically increase road safety and reduce car crashes. This is extremely relevant especially for professional drivers who drive for prolonged periods leading to an increase of risks due to not-proper psychophysical conditions. Even if professional drivers are trained to prevent, recognise, and minimize the effect of fatiguing, it must be considered that often the dri...

Research paper thumbnail of Wearable Technologies for Electrodermal and Cardiac Activity measurements: a Comparison between Fitbit Sense, Empatica E4 and Shimmer GSR3+

The capability of measuring specific neurophysiological and autonomic parameters plays a crucial ... more The capability of measuring specific neurophysiological and autonomic parameters plays a crucial role in the objective evaluation of the human’s mental and emotional states. These human aspects are commonly known in scientific literature to be involved in a wide range of processes, such as the stress and arousal. These aspects represent a relevant factor especially in real and operational environment. Neurophysiological autonomic parameters, such as the Electrodermal Activity (EDA) and Photoplethysmographic data (PPG), have been usually investigated through research-graded devices, therefore resulting in a high degree of invasiveness, which could negatively interfere with the monitored user’s activity. For such a reason, in the last decade the recent consumer-grade wearable devices, usually designed for fitness tracking purposes, are receiving an increasing attention from the scientific community, being characterized by higher comfort, easiness of use and, therefore, by higher compa...

Research paper thumbnail of Usage of more transparent and explainable conflict resolution algorithm: air traffic controller feedback

Transportation Research Procedia

Research paper thumbnail of Toward a more transparent and explainable conflict resolution algorithm for air traffic controllers

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Oct 31, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Real-time Pilot Crew's Mental Workload and Arousal Assessment During Simulated Flights for Training Evaluation: a Case Study

2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)

Research paper thumbnail of Validation of an EEG-based Neurometric for online monitoring and detection of mental drowsiness while driving

2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC)

Research paper thumbnail of Working Age: Providing Occupational Safety through Pervasive Sensing and Data Driven Behavior Modeling

Proceedings of the 30th European Safety and Reliability Conference and 15th Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management Conference

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of a New Lightweight EEG Technology for Translational Applications of Passive Brain-Computer Interfaces

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Technologies like passive brain-computer interfaces (BCI) can enhance human-machine interaction. ... more Technologies like passive brain-computer interfaces (BCI) can enhance human-machine interaction. Anyhow, there are still shortcomings in terms of easiness of use, reliability, and generalizability that prevent passive-BCI from entering real-life situations. The current work aimed to technologically and methodologically design a new gel-free passive-BCI system for out-of-the-lab employment. The choice of the water-based electrodes and the design of a new lightweight headset met the need for easy-to-wear, comfortable, and highly acceptable technology. The proposed system showed high reliability in both laboratory and realistic settings, performing not significantly different from the gold standard based on gel electrodes. In both cases, the proposed system allowed effective discrimination (AUC > 0.9) between low and high levels of workload, vigilance, and stress even for high temporal resolution (<10 s). Finally, the generalizability of the proposed system has been tested throug...

Research paper thumbnail of Narrowband analysis for the mental workload assessment

Research paper thumbnail of Neuroscientific Methods for Exploring User Perceptions While Dealing With Mobile Advertising: A Novel and Integrated Approach

Frontiers in Neuroergonomics

Display and native ads represent two of the most widely used digital advertising formats employed... more Display and native ads represent two of the most widely used digital advertising formats employed by advertisers that aim to grab the attention of online users. In recent years, the native format has become very popular because it relies on deceptive features that make harder the recognition of its advertising nature, reducing avoiding behaviors such as the banner blindness phenomena, traditionally associated to display advertising, and so increasing its advertising effectiveness. The present study, based on a forefront research protocol specifically designed for the advertising research on smartphone devices, aims to investigate through neurophysiological and self-reported measures, the perception of display and native ads placed within article webpages, and to assess the efficacy of an integrated approach. Eye-tracking results showed higher visual attention and longer viewing time associated with native advertisements in comparison to traditional display advertisements, confirming...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Athletes’ Attitude: Physiological Evaluation via Wearable Sensors during Grappling Competitions

2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), 2020

Sports activity is characterised by the influence of different factors, which relate to both psyc... more Sports activity is characterised by the influence of different factors, which relate to both psychological and emotional stress of athletes. As a consequence, mental and physical preparations are fundamental in pre-competition and competition activities. In fact, being able to manage the reactions to stressful events and high demanding conditions, and adapt the strategy depending on the ongoing situation and opponent’s reactions allow the athletes to properly process the surrounding information, evaluate all the possible solutions, and finally take the right decision. In this regard, the Skin Conductance (SC), Heart Rate (HR), and Skin Temperature (ST) signals were recorded during a grappling tournament from ten athletes with the aim to investigate if physiological assessments could provide an objective measure of athletes’ attitude. The results proved that individual training programs can be tailored accordingly to the neurophysiological state of the athletes, but also that their awareness about both mental and physical preparations and attitudes could be improved.

Research paper thumbnail of Stress Assessment by Combining Neurophysiological Signals and Radio Communications of Air Traffic Controllers

2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), 2020

Air Traffic Control (ATC) has been classified as the fourth most stressful job. In this regard, s... more Air Traffic Control (ATC) has been classified as the fourth most stressful job. In this regard, sixteen controllers were asked to perform ecological ATC simulation during which behavioral (Radio Communications with pilots - RCs), subjective (stress perception) and neurophysiological signals (brain activity and skin conductance - SC) were collected. All the considered parameters reported significant changes under high stress conditions. In particular, the theta, alpha, and beta brain rhythms increased significantly (all p<0.05) all over the brain areas, and both the SC components exhibited higher values (p<0.01). Additionally, the number of speech under high stress decreased significantly (p<10-4) while both the mean and median value of the F0 component of the RC increased (p<0.01). The results can be employed to objectively measure and track the controller’s stress level while dealing with ATC activities to better tailoring the workshift and maintaining high safety levels.

Research paper thumbnail of Monitoring performance of professional and occupational operators

Brain-Computer Interfaces, 2020

The human capacity to simultaneously perform several tasks depends on the quantity and the mode o... more The human capacity to simultaneously perform several tasks depends on the quantity and the mode of mentally processing the information imposed by the tasks. Since operational environments are highly dynamic, priorities across tasks will be expected to change as the mission evolves, thus the capability to reallocate the mental resources dynamically depending on such changes is very important. The resources required in very complex situations, such as air traffic management (ATM), can exceed the user's available resources leading to increased workload and performance impairments. In this regard, the availability of information concerning the workload experienced by the operators while dealing with tasks will be fundamental for both warning them when overload conditions are approaching and improving interactions with the system. The idea of our work was to use neurophysiologic data collected from professional air traffic controllers (ATCOs) to provide additional information to standard measures with which to assess the ATCOs' expertise and a machine learning electroencephalography-based index to evaluate their mental workload during the execution of ATC tasks. The results showed that the proposed method was able to track the workload alongside the execution of the realistic ATM scenario, and provide added values to objectively assess the expertise of the ATCOs.

Research paper thumbnail of Contactless Physiological Assessment of Mental Workload During Teleworking-like Task

Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2020